THE ROLE OF THE MAIN CHARACTER’S PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS TO THE THEME SEEN IN AHMAD FUADI’S THE LAND OF FIVE TOWERS
THESIS
By:
NGAINUN NISAK NIM. 3213103024
ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE TULUNGAGUNG 2014
THE ROLE OF THE MAIN CHARACTER’S PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS TO THE THEME SEEN IN AHMAD FUADI’S THE LAND OF FIVE TOWERS THESIS Presented to Faculty of Education and Teacher Training of State Islamic Institute Tulungagung in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam in English Education Program
By:
NGAINUN NISAK NIM. 3213103024
ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE TULUNGAGUNG 2014
ADVISOR’S APPROVAL SHEET
Thesis with the title “The Role of The Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts To The Theme Seen in Ahmad Fuadi’s The Land of Five Towers“ that was written by Ngainun Nisak NIM. 3213103024 has been approved by the thesis advisor and for further approval by the Board of Examiners.
Tulungagung, July 11th 2014 Approved by Advisor
Dr. Hj. Dwi Ema.H., M.hum NIP. 19606201 98903 2 002
Acknowledge, Chief of English Education Program
Arina Shofiya, M.Pd NIP. 19770523 200312 2 002
THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL SHEET THE ROLE OF THE MAIN CHARACTER’S PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS TO THE THEME SEEN IN AHMAD FUADI’S THE LAND OF FIVE TOWERS
THESIS Written by:
NGAINUN NISAK NIM: 3213103024 has been maintained in front of the board of examiners at 23rdJuly 2014 and has been approved as the requirement for the degree of SarjanaPendidikan Islam in English Education Program Board Examiners Chair
Signature :
Dr. Ahmad ZainalAbidin, MA. NIP. 19740213 199903 1 002
Main Examiner
..………………
:
FaizatulIstiqomah, M.Ed. NIP. 19791220 200912 2 001
Secretary
.………………
:
Dr.Susanto,S.S, M.Pd. NIP. 19730831 199903 1 002
………………..
Approved by Dean Faculty of Education and Teacher Training IAIN Tulungagung
Dr. H. Abd. Aziz, M.Pd.I NIP. 19720601 200003 1 002
MOTTO
“Positive thoughts are not enough. There have to be positive feelings and positive actions”
DEDICATION
This research is dedicated to: 1. My beloved mother and father, Mr. Surjadi and Mrs. Wijiati, thanks for love, prays, supports, trust, advice, and finance. Your love and affection cannot be described into words. I am fond of you so much my beloved parents. 2. My adored brothers and sisters, My beloved brothers and sisters in law: Ngainun Naim, Ngainun Ni’am, Ngainur Rohmah, Ngainun Ni’mah, and Ngainul Yaqin, Elly Aria, Yuliana, Nanang, and Dudi who always give me motivation suggestion, and help. Thanks for being my place to share about anything.
ABSTRACT
Nisak, Ngainun. Registered Number Student. 3213103024. 2010. The Role of The Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts to The Theme Seen In Ahmad Fuadi’s The Land of Five Towers. Thesis. English Education Program, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training of State Islamic Institute Tulungagung Advisor: Dr. Hj. Dwi Ema. H.,M.Hum. Keywords: Psychological Conflict, Psychoanalysis Theory, Moral Values. Literary work especially novel provides a lot of inspirations of life. Novel gives the reader an awareness that story happens in a novel is a reflection from a real life. Therefore, the reader can adapt the kindness from novel. Novel performs many interesting aspects to be researched. One of them is psychological conflicts happened in the main character of a novel. The Land of The Five Towers Novel performs a teenager as the main character who has psychological conflicts in the story. Alif as the main character is considered as a good model of a teenager. It can be explained that the way in which Alif as a teenager solves the psychological conflicts he faced is good enough to give the reader a good behavior how to solve the problem. It can give moral values for the reader. Then, the psychological conflict here is analyzed based on psychoanalysis theory by Sigmund Freud as a branch of Psychology. The formulation of the research problems were: 1) What kinds of psychological conflicts are experienced by Alif as the main character in The Land of Five Towers novel? 2) How do the psychological conflicts happen to Alif as the main character analyzed based on the basic principle of Psychoanalysis Theory? 3) What messages are conveyed through the psychological conflicts experienced by Alif as the main character? The purposes of this study were to: 1) describe psychological conflicts are experienced by Alif as the main character in The Land of Five Towers novel, 2) explain psychological conflict happen to Alif analyzed based on the basic principle of Freud’s Psychoanalysis theory 3) identify the messages of the novel contained in psychological conflicts. The research method: 1) this research was categorized as a library research by using documentation as the method in collecting data. In collecting data, the researcher uses some steps such as: a) Reading The Land of Five Towers Novel repeatedly, b) understanding the content of the novel, c) finding out the data related to research problems, d) writing the significance note, e) organizing the data 2) The process of data analysis are: a) Reading the novel repeatedly, b) exploring and describing the data, c) concluding data analysis, d) interpreting the data, e) extracting the moral values. 3) The Subject of the study was The Land of Five Towers Novel originally written by A. Fuadi then translated by Angie Killbane.
The result showed that the main character’s psychological conflicts can be categorized into three: a) Approach-Approach-Conflict, b) ApproachAvoidance-Conflict, c) Multiple-Approach-Avoidance-Conflict. While, the researcher chose three psychological conflicts analyzed based on psychoanalysis theory. They are: 1) The Psychological conflict happened because of Alif’s failure in enrolling Senior High School, Bukittinggi, 2) The Psychological Conflict Caused by Randai’s success in enrolling Senior High School, Bukittinggi, 3) The Psychological Conflict Caused by Alif’s Strong Heart Desire to Study at Bandung Institute of Technology. Then, the moral values conveyed trough the psychological conflicts are: 1) Bravery, 2) Sincerity, 3) Honesty, 4) Love and Affection, 5) Steadfastness, 6) Thankfulness.
ABSTRAK
Nisak, Ngainun. NIM. 3213103024. 2010. The Role of The Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts To The Theme Seen In Ahmad Fuadi’s The Land of Five Towers. Skripsi. Tadris Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Pendidikan dan Ilmu Keguruan. Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Tulungagung. Pembimbing: Dr. Hj. Dwi Ema. H.,M.hum. Kata kunci : Konflik batin, Teori psikoanalisis, Nilai moral. Karya sastra khususnya novel memberikan banyak inspirasi tentang kehidupan. Novel juga memberikan kesadaran kepada pembaca bahwa cerita yang terkandung di dalam novel merupan refleksi dari kisah nyata kehidupan. Karena hal itulan novel mempunyai banyak aspek menarik untuk bisa dikaji. Salah satunya adalah konflik batin yang dialami oleh tokoh utama dalam sebuah novel. Novel The Land of Five Towers menampilkan tokoh utama yakni seorang remaja yang bisa dijadikan sebagai panutan yang baik sebagai seorang remaja. Hal ini dikarenakan sang tokoh utama bernama Alif yang merupakan seorang remaja mampu menyelesaikan konflik batin yang dialaminya dengan baik. Inilah yang kemudian memberikan gambaran kepada pembaca bagaimana perilaku yang baik dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Dari sinilah, nilai moral dapat diapdatasi oleh pembaca. Kemudian, konflik batin yang dialami tokoh utama akan dianalisa berdasarkan teori psikoanalisis. Teori ini merupakan cabang ilmu psikologi yang dipopulerkan oleh ilmuwan bernama Sigmund Freud. Rumusan masalah yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini adalah : 1) Apa sajakah jenis-jenis konflik batin yang dialami oleh Alif sebagai tokoh utama dalam novel The Land of Five Towers? 2) Bagaimana konflik batin terjadi pada Alif sebagai tokoh utama dianalisa berdasarkan prinsip dasar teori psikoanalisis? 3) Pesan-pesan apa sajakah yang terkandung melalui berbagai konflik batin yang dialami Alif sebagai tokoh utama? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan konflik batin yang dialami Alif sebagai tokoh utama dalam novel The land of Five Towers, 2) menjelaskan konflik batin yang dialami oleh Alif yang kemudian dianalisa berdasarkan prinsip dasar teori psikoanalisis 3) mengidentifikasi pesan-pesan yang terkandug di dalam konflik batin tersebut. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kepustakaaan dengan menggunakan dokumentasi sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan: a) membaca novel The Land of Five Towers berulang-ulang, b) memahami isi novel, c) menemukan data yang berhubungan dengan rumusan masalah, d) mencatat data yang dibutuhkan, e) mengorganisasikan data 2) Proses menganalisis data adalah: a) membaca novel secara berulang, b) mendeskripsikan data, c) menyimpulkan analisis data, d) menginterpretasikan data, e) menemukan nilai moral. 3) Subjek penelitian ini
adalah novel The Land of Five Towers karya Ahmad Fuadi yang kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa inggris oleh Angie Killbane. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konflik batin yang dialami oleh tokoh utama dapat dikategorikan menjadi tiga: a) Approach-Approach Conflict, b) Approach-Avoidance Conflict, c) Multiple-Approach-Avoidance Conflict. Kemudian, penulis memilih tiga konflik batin yang dapat dianalisa menggunakan teori psikoanalisis, yaitu: 1) Konflik batin yang Dipicu kegagalan Alif masuk ke SMA Bukittinggi, 2) Konflik batin yang yang disebabkan oleh kesuksesan Randai mendaftar SMA Bukititinggi, 3) Konflik batin yang dipicu oleh keinginan kuat Alif untuk bersekolah di Institut Teknologi Bandung. Kemudian, nilai moral yang ditemukan dari berbagai konflik batin tersebut adalah: 1) keberanian, 2) keikhlasan, 3) kejujuran, 4) cinta dan kasih sayang, 5) kesungguhan hati, 5) rasa syukur.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Allah SWT because of His marvelous and His mercy, the writer can finish the thesis successfully. His wonderful blessings guides the writer that nothing difficult in His eyes. Thanks for Your guidance in the writer’s life. Peace and salutation always be given to the great prophet Muhammad SAW who has guided us from the darkness to the lightness and from the stupidity to the cleverness. This success would not be achieved without support, advice, help, encouragement from individual and institutions. Therefore, the writer would like to express the deepest greatest to: 1. Dr. Maftukhin, M.Ag., the Chief of IAIN Tulungagung for his permissions to write this thesis. 2. Arina Shofiya, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Program who has given the writer some information so the writer can accomplish this thesis. 3. Dr. Hj. Dwi Ema.H.,M.hum. Thanks for suggestions, recommendations, and motivations for this graduating paper from the beginning until the end. 4. All the lecturers in State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Tulungagung who guided an enrich knowledge patiently. 5. All the library staffs who help the writer in looking the books,. 6. All the staffs that assist the writer in process administration.
7. The writer’s close friends who are in the same struggle, Tya, Widya, Ninis, Dian, Faizah, Chusnia, Fifit, Isnia, Tutut, thanks for your kindness and support in order to finish the writer’s graduating paper. 8. The writer’s best friend Novia who always supports the writer. Thanks for “The Land of Five Towers” bought from Jakarta. 9. The writer’s dear friends in TBI A, thanks for our friendships and togetherness. 10. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one.
Finally, this graduating paper is expected to be able to contribute beneficial understanding and information to the readers. The writer is delighted to receive more suggestions and contributions from the reader for improvement of this graduating paper.
Tulungagung, July 11th 2014
The writer
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1
: Biography of Sigmund Freud, Founder of Psychoanalysis.
Appendix 2
: Freud’s Structure of Personality
Appendix 3
: Cover of The Land of Five Towers Novel
Appendix 4
: Consultation form of Thesis Writing Guidance
Appendix 5
: Curriculum Vitae
TABLE OF CONTENT Cover……………………………………………………………….
i
Advisor’s Approval Sheet………………………………………….
ii
Board of Examiner’s Approval Sheet ……………………………..
iii
Motto ………………………………………………………………
iv
Dedication………………………………………………………….
v
Declaration of Authorship………………………………………….
vi
Abstract ……………………………………………………………
vii
Acknowledgment ………………………………………………….
ix
List of Appendices…………………………………………………
xi
Table of Content……………………………………………………
xii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Research ………………………………
1
B. Statement of Research Problems …………………………..
7
C. Objectives of the Research…………………………….........
7
D. Significance of the Research ……………………………....
8
E. Scope and Limitation of the Research …………………….
8
F. Definition of the Key Terms ………………………………
9
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES A. Literary Work: Novel.………………………………………
10
1. The Position of Actor in a Novel……….………………
12
2. The Conflicts Occurred in a Novel……………………..
14
a. Psychological Conflict……………………………...
15
b. Sociological Conflict……………………………….
17
c. Element Conflict……………………………………
17
3. Moral Values.…………………………………………...
18
4. The Relation Between Theme of the Novel And Moral Values………………………………………
22
B. Psychology In Literature …………………………………...
23
C. The Structure of Human Mind …………………………….
27
D. Ego Defense Mechanism …………………………………..
28
E. The Biography of The Ahmad Fuadi………………………
31
F. The Synopsis of The Land of Five Towers Novel ………....
32
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A. Research Design……………………………………………
41
B. Data and Data Source ……………………………………..
42
C. Data Collection…………………………………………….
43
D. Trustworthiness of The Data ……………………………...
44
E. Data Analysis and Interpretation…………………………..
45
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS A. Findings And Analysis on The Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts Seen in The Land of Five Towers Novel …………………..
46
1. Approach-Approach Conflict……………………………
47
2. Approach-Avoidance Conflict…………………………..
50
3. Multiple-Approach-Avoidance Conflict………………...
54
B. Findings and Analysis on How do Psychological Conflicts happen to Alif As the Main Character Analyzed Based on the Basic Principle of Psychoanalysis Theory………………………...
60
C. The Messages Conveyed Through The Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts……………………………………
75
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ………………………………………………….
82
B. Suggestions…………………………………………………..
84
References Appendices
