Global Seismic Network for Great Inter-Plate Earthquakes In Asia and Pacific
Suhardjono Weniza
Meteorological and Geophysical Agency (BMG) Yokohama, 22-23 March 2007
OUTLINE
1.
Introduction
2.
Part I . Monitoring and Processing
3.
Par II. Dissemination
OUTLINE
1. Introduction
Tectonic Setting and Seismicity of Indonesia
The Indonesian region very complicated plates convergence : subduction, collision, back-arc thrusting, back-arc and opening faults Moving relatively to each other the India-Australia plate : moving northward the Philippine sea plate : moving westnorthwestward. the Caroline plate : moving eastsoutheastward (near Aru) and west-northwestward (near Yap trench)
Every year about 460 earthquakes (M > 4.0 )
EARTHQUAKE WITH M ≥ 7.0 RS IN INDONESIA, 1900 - 2004 a. TOTAL : 212 b. IN THE SEA
: 182 ( 86 % )
c. SHALLOW IN THE SEA : 153 ( 72 % ) d. GENERATED TSUNAMI) : 86 ( 40 % )
Kertapati, 1999)
OUTLINE
2. Part I . Monitoring and Processing
BMG
BPPT
DEPDAGRI
BAKOSURTANAL
DEPLU
LAPAN
ESDM
LIPI
KOMINFO
DKP
Meteorologocal and Geophysical Agency Jl. Angkasa I.No.2, Kemayoran Jakarta, Indonesia www.bmg.go.id
BAPPENAS
KLH
BAKORNAS PBP
ITB
OPERATIONAL BUILDING
1. Monitoring; produce data 2. Processing; produce information 3. Dissemination; communication 4. Preparedness; education, evacuation
Components of Tsunami Warning System •
Earthquake
1. Monitoring 2. Processing
•
Tsunami or not
• Evacuation or not
3. Dissemination 4. Preparedness •
No casualties
Direction BMG, the agency who monitor and release earthquake information and tsunami early warning The first five minutes; earthquake information and tsunami warning belong to BMG or BMG’s responsibilities, the next minutes it becomes responsibilities of other institutions for people safety (President of RI, July 2006) BMG has a task to produce earthquake information and tsunami warning within five minutes after the earthquake Other institution’s tasks; readiness, preparedness, emergency response for any possibility impact of earthquake and tsunami to reduce casualty in timely manner.
Basic Structure 1. A network of seismometers to detect and determine an undersea earthquake
2. A network of tide wave & DART/BUOY to identify the change of sea level
3. Earthquake and Tsunami Observation System Center (BMG) determines the epicenter and the magnitude to estimate possible tsunami arrival times and heights
4. A communications infrastructure to issue quick warnings to the general public via TV, radio, PA systems, community wireless system, etc.
END TO-END CONCEPT OF Indonesian TEWS (InaTEWS) OBSERVATION
PROCESSING
• Seismograph • accelerograph
DISSEMINATION
Earthquake Information -Time
- Location - Magnitude
Communication
Banda Aceh
1
Decision support
Padang Denpasar BMG HQ Jakarta
Evacuate Watch Advisory Cancellation
Siren Manual Verification 2
Earthquake information or Tsunami Warning
Speaker Phone/fax
SMS
Epicenter • • • •
Tide Gauge Buoy/OBU GPS LAND STATION Earth Observation
SMS 3 5 in 1 Phone Web Email
Control System Of Situation Center
Communication
Control System Of Situation Center
Indonesia Earthquake Information and Tsunami Warning Center (InaTWS end of 2008)
REG. CENTER 1
REG. CENTER 10
REG. CENTER 5
REG. CENTER 6
NAT’ NAT’L. CENTER
REG. CENTER 4 REG. CENTER 9
REG. CENTER 2
REG. CENTER 7
REG. CENTER 3 REG. CENTER 8
- 73 Seismic Sensor - Distance between sensors ± 30000 km - 10 RC and 1 NC - Processing Time ± 10 minutes
- 132 Seismic Sensors–500 Accelerograph - Distance between sensors +/- 100 km - 10 RC and 1 NC - Processing Time ± 5 minutes
Earthquake Time (in Minutes) Required for Processing Warning Information Occurence • Seis. Seis. and Accelerograph : Record Processing Time Frame 1 • Alarm Triggered (Minute 1 – Minute 10) • Automatic Processing
2 3 4
Auto Process Interactive Analysis
5
Information : •Epicenter •Magnitude •Depth ;Origin Time
• Alarm at Nat’ Nat’l EITWC • Automatic Processing
DATA BASE • Historical • Simulation
AUTO PROCESS DATA BASE
REGIONAL TSUNAMI WARNING
• Historical • Simulation
Interactive Analysis
NAT’ NAT’L TSUNAMI
10
WARNING !!
30 Updating
BUOYS – TIDE GAUGE’ GAUGE’S MONITORING For Confirmation
60 Tsunami Confirmation or Cancelation
Minute 1: Signal recorded at ≥ 5 Stations Minute 2: Processing Minute 3: EQ Parameters (Origin Time; Epicenter; Depth; Magnitude) Minute 4: - Database is activated - Interactive Analysis Minute 5: Warning !! Minute 10: Warning From Nat’l Center to Wider Region/ International
BMG
EARTHQUAKE MONITORING COUNTRY
PLANNING
2006 On Line
Indonesia
108 seismo
454 accelero
2007
2008
42 (S) 42(a)
22 (S) 372 (A)
Off Line
44 (S) 42 (A)
9 (A)
China
10 seismo
10 accelero
2 (S)
4 (S)
4 (S) 10 (A)
Germany
21 seismo
21 accelero
7 (S)
2 (S)
6 (S) 6 (A)
Japan
15 seismo
15 accelero
13 (S)
CTBTO
6 seismo
---
1 (S)
160 Seismo
500 Acc
67S + 51A
6 (S) 15 (A)
2 (S) 15 (A) 2 (S)
3 (S)
8S + 9 A 57S +73A 28S+387A
BROADBAND SEISMIC NETWORK UP TO END OF 2006 (73) Banda Aceh
Tuntungan Parapat
Palangkaraya Banjarbaru Balikpapan Samarinda Majene Palu Masamba
Sintang Pangkalan bun
Rengat Jambi Tj. Pinang Dabosingkep Palembang
Bandar lampung Pangkalpinang
Manado
Gorontalo
Sangihe Labuha Masohi Sorong
Gn.Sitoli
Biak
Tanjung Pandan
Tarutung Aek godang Pdg Panjang
Jayapura Kendari
Tangerang Kappang Citeko Ujungwatu Bogor Bawean Tretes Lembang Kalianget Baubau Bima Karangkates Waingapu
Padang (Unan) Kerinci Kepahiyang Liwa Kotabumi
Ambon Ambon Tual
Pasauran Serang Tangerang Sukabumi Jatiwangi Cilacap
Japan (14) BMG (44)
Sawahan Yogyakarta Semarang Banjarnegara Tegal
German (7) CTBTO (2)
Mataram Kahang-kahang Denpasar Ingas Negara
China ( 6)
Ruteng Maumere
Wamena Merauke
RSC = Regional Seismic Center NSC = National Seismic Center
Naqs Server France Server
Naqs Server
German Server
German Server
China Server
Japan Server
Internet Nano Metric
CTBTO Stations
BMG Stations
Reftek
GERMAN Stations
CHINA Stations
VSATVSAT-IP
JAPANESE Stations
GLOBAL Stations
France Server
INTEGRATION SYSTEMS VSAT-CSM
CEA
NIED BB:14
NIED JAMSTEC
BB6(10)
LAN
LAN VSAT-REFTEK GFZ BB=44 BBLN= 48
Lintas Arta
SEISCOMP
ICON
GFZ Version : 2.5)
VSAT-INTERNET
JASATEL
BB-LN
VSAT-LIBRA
LAN BMG BB=44 SP-CONV 30
ATLAS
LAN SP VSAT-CSM SCPC
LDG
SP=8(27)
ONYX
CEA l
OUTLINE
3. Part II. Dissemination
1. Monitoring; produce data 2. Processing; produce information 3. Dissemination; communication 4. Preparedness; education, evacuation
COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR DISEMINATION EARTQUAKE INFORMATION AND TSUNAMI WARNING BMG
INSTITUSI INTERFACE terestrial line
IP VPN MPLS TELKOM VSAT DEPDAGRI
• Sensor Install.
Radio link IP VPN MPLS INDOSAT
• MONITORING
SOP BMG
• PROCESSING
VPN BMG
PROVIDER GSM •TELKOMSEL •INDOSAT
• ANALYS • INFORMATION
9
POLICE
33 GOVERNOR
9
S.. O. P POLRI S. O.P GUB
KOORD. DEPDAGRI
BAKORNAS
9
10 STA. TV
S.O.P BAKOR NAS
POLDA/POLRES BUPATI / WALIKOTA/ CAMAT S. O. P BUPATI / W.KOTA
S. O. P POLDA /POLRES
POLSEK SATKORLAK / SATLAK
S.O.P SATKORLAK
9
KOORD. DEPKOMINFO
terestrial line PROVIDER VSAT satelite •TELKOM
•CSM
satelite
9 Established Sept 2006
Fiber optic wlan
•CSM •PSN INDONESIA INTERNET EXCHANGE
RADIO/RRI
9
RADIO PANTAI
S.O.P
ADPEL
7 PROVIDER GSM/CDMA
PUBLIC CSM = Citra Sari Makmur PSN = Pasific Satelit Nusantara
INFORMATION Dissemination SMS
Interface Institution
Dedicated line TXTBMG & XML File
Application 5 in 1
RANET FM-RDS
sms fax alarm voice web
RANET FM-RDS Receiver
Dissemination system GSM PROVIDER (SMS)
MASS MEDIA (12 TV STATIONS)
GOVERNOR
ARMY RDS ENCODER (2 WAY COM)
INTERNET LINE
PRIVATE LINE
Dissemination system DISSEMINATION SERVER
EMAIL SERVER
INPUT
AUTO FAX SERVER
NETWORK MONITOR
POLICE
MULTI MODA DISEMINASI INFORMASI BMG BMG USA nooa.gov
AsiaStar (WorldSpace)
NGO-USA ranetsystem.net Internet
GTS Line
AUSTRALIA bom.gov.au
Earthquake/ Tsunami warning Weather forecast Climate forecast
FDRS
BMG
SERVER PENERIMA INFO BMG
•INTERNET •LEASED LINE (FO, RF) •SMS •FAX, PHONE FO = Fiber Optic RF = Radio Frequency
Instansi Interface
DISSEMINATION ACTIVITY Direct
Interface Institution
2006
2007
2008
SMS 18 Sirins (3 Provinces) + 25 sirens (8 provinces)
75 sirens
82 sirens
Police HQ, Army HQ, MHAi, Bakornas, Min Health) Kominfo (11 TV, 3 Radio) 5 Paket Gubernur (Gorontalo, Banten, Jawa Tengah, Sumbar, Bali)
28 prov gov 30 reg BMG office
-
SYSTEM SIRINE ( TOWER – SIRINE – SERVER – COMM. SYSTEM)
BMG JAKARTA
DAERAH Jaringan Data Jaringan Data
Massage Handling Server
LAN COM. SERVER
G BM
• PSTN • GSM • Tel. Sat • L. Band
SIRINE LOCATION IN BALI
SEMINYAK SANUR
KUTA TANJUNG BENOA
KEDONGANAN
BTDC
BMG SASAK RANAH DATAR PASAMAN BARAT TIKU SELATAN TANJUNG MUTIARA KORONG CAMPOGO ALAI GELOMBANG PARIAMAN TENGAH
RIMBO KALUANG PADANG BARAT KOTA PADANG PAINAN / IV JURAI
KUTA ALAM MEURAKSA Kantor Gubernur BAITUSSALAM PEUKAN BADA LAMKRUET
KOTA BANDA ACEH
SIREN TELKOMSEL ( 25 units ) Padang • Plaza Andalas • Univ. Bung Hatta
Banten • Pasauran 1 * • Wisma Anyar • Karang Bolong
Jawa Barat Bengkulu
• Cikembulan * • STO Pangandaran • Cibalong Garut
• Rio Asri * • Muko-muko • Manna
Jawa Timur • Prigi Trenggalek • Puger Jember
Lampung • Panjang * • STO Kalianda • Krui
Bali Jawa Tengah
Yogyakarta
• Welahan • Jetis • Sidaurip
• Parangtritis • Bugel
• Raya Uluwatu * • Goa Lawah • Semawang • Surabrata
SIREN Network Plan(2007)
30 lokasi sirine 10 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine 15 lokasi sirine
15 lokasi sirine
40 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine 10 LOK SIRINE
10 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine
20 lokasi sirine
15 lokasi sirine
20 LOK SIRINE 15 LOK SIRINE
30 lokasi sirine
20 lokasi sirine
10 LOK SIRINE
15 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine
15 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine
20 lokasi sirine 10 lokasi sirine
15 lokasi sirine
10 lokasi sirine
