Snij- en steekbestendige persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen
Maandag 17/11/2014
Kristof Daels Sioen Armour Technology
Content • Keuze beschermingskledij : steekbescherming / snijbescherming • Problematieken actuele producten (benchmarking) • Project plan : nieuwe ontwikkeling SIOEN • Selectie van evaluatie-criteria & specificaties • Conclusies SIOEN & nieuw product TORSKIN • Praktische testing (simulatie realiteit) @ SAT • Toepassingsgebieden • Studies & didactisch materiaal ivm mesagressie
Keuze van beschermingsmiddel (steekbescherming) Gebaseerd op risico-beoordeling van de omgeving, keuze : • Ofwel op basis van traditionele persoonlijke “ballistieke” beschermingsproducten => vesten met 360° bescherming van meest vitale organen (steekbescherming) •
• Ofwel nieuwe aanpak : product met verhoging comfort & ergonomische voordelen tov traditionele producten
Gekende problematieken kledij met steekbescherming • Comfort – Gewicht – Hitte-stress – bewegingsvrijheid
• Prijs • Discretie – Vermijden van onnodige agressie
• Overengineering ? – Beschermingsniveau in lijn met de realiteit ? – Welke toepassing : ‘agressie’markt / ‘industrie’markt – Traditionele kledij garandeert een volledige oppervlakte
Keuze van beschermingsmiddel (snijbescherming) • Onderzoek door Sioen van huidige producten op de markt : – Comfort : • Irritatie (na diverse wasbeurten) • Ademend karakter van het T-shirt
– Beschermingsniveau : • Volgens welke norm getest ? • Relatie : gewicht/m² v textiel in relatie met het beschermingsniveau
Conclusie SIOEN : start nieuwe ontwikkeling
PROJECT Combinatie van snij- & Steekwerendheid in 1 kledingstuk
Project plan Anti-slash & anti-stab garment
NORMS / Specifications
Anti-slash
Medical approach
Comfort
Anti-stab
weight
breathability
Other parameters : discreteness + FLEXIBLE
Skin-irritation
No immediate death after knife attack
Scope project SAT - Specificaties • Ontwikkeling van een gecombineerd snijwerend en steekwerend kledingstuk met volgende eigenschappen : – Licht gewicht (traditioneel : 2,5 kg target : 1,7 kg Large) – Comfortabel (niet irriterend) & ademend – Snijwerende bescherming ISO 13997 (minimum “level 4”) met combinatie van anti-slash bescherming volgens nieuwe CASTnorm ‘level 1’ op de hogere beschermingszones (vitale organen) – Steekwerende bescherming volgens HOSDB 2007-test methode : => energie level E2 : minimum 20 Joule (maxim 20mm penetratie mes) – Zoveel mogelijk naadloos werken – Moet op de huid kunnen gedragen worden
Geselecteerde test-methodes snijbescherming Slash standards EN388 : 2003
EN ISO 13997 : 1999
HOS DB slash resistance standard for UK Police
Protective gloves against mechanical risks
Protective clothing
2006 Version / Publication N° 48/05
Mechanical properties Determination of resistance to cutting by sharp objects
Classification level Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
index 1,2
2,5
5
10
20
Not determined (values in Newton)
Pass / Fail Pass : no penetration with a force less than 60N AND average force (9 slashes) ≥ 80N
Samples required 2 samples (60x100)mm
Min 3 samples not less than (25x100)mm
3 samples (300x500)mm
Cuts needed 10
15
9
Moving part Blade
Blade
Blade
TESTS RESULTS
Reference
Studie @ SAT (sedert 2012) •
Onderzoek van snijwerende bescherming van concurrentiestalen naar de norm ISO 13997
Doel van deze studie : -> ontwikkeling van een snijwerende basistextiel : - laaggewicht - Minimum “level 4” –ISO 13997
Supplier
Neck protection 2 layers Ref 52-10-13 Development 2 layers M+P114004 NPK: -1,0 Slash resistance SR 97-5/D Higher density Development 2 layers M+P114004 NPK:-0,5 Slash resistance SR 97-5/D
Weight (g/m²)
Break force (N) Final Graph of Loads vs. Stroke Length EN ISO 13997
EN 388
HOSDB SLASH
SIOEN
1930
44,4 N
SIOEN
900
In test (results for next week)
Report 1.13.11.20 60,5 N
SIOEN
740
31,33 N
Report 1.13.10.60 56,3 N
A
966
26.0 N
SIOEN
450
In test (results for next week)
B
B
1000
19.7 N
Level 5 (>20N)
C
C
450
17.0 N
Level 5 (>20N) Level 5 index 23,7 index 23,9
A Development 1 layer M+P114004 NPK: -1,0 Slash resistance SR 97-4/E Higher density
Development 1 layer M+P114004 NPK: -0,5 Slash resistance SR 97-4/E
SIOEN
370
15,43 N
Neck protection 1 layer
SIOEN
965
15,31 N
D1
D
685
15,1 N
D2
D
650
7,6 N
E
E
650
6,5 N
Report 1.13.11.20 11,2 N
Report 1.13.10.60 7,3 N
Overzicht van andere specificaties Parameter
ANTI-SLASH & ANT-CUT
Comfort / Ergonomic
Air-permeability ASTM D73704
645 l/m²/sec (100mm WC).
Cyto-toxic-effect ISO 10993-5
No cause of Cyto-toxic effect
Durability
Shrinkage after 25x washing
Norm / test method
EN 5077(washing 40° ISO6330) & linedrying
Single density
Double density
Comparable with AMC1 SioCOOL fabric
Warp : 2,1% Weft : 4,3%
Conform EN5077(<5%)
Medische benadering door 2 chirurgen : Body mapping @ SAT
Thesis : safety standards for stab-resistant body armour Anthony Bleetman
Ligging van de diverse organen Zones waar Steekwerend+ snijwerend van belang zijn
Finale conclusie – kledingstuk ~ body mapping Front
Back
Final conclusie – met kraag Front
Back
Medische verklaring van 2 chirurgen
Praktische testing
Toepassingsgebieden Agression with knives on the streets
Toepassingsgebieden
Surveillance people in public transport
City guards on the street
Night worker on streets
Security on concerts / events
Prison services
Glass industry
‘Heavy work’
Time pressure industry
Metal industry
Kledingstukken
Some conclusions coming from studies / thesis / reports / publications
Need for knife protection • Study – HOSDB – Increase of knife carriers(especially pen knifes) • Eg : UK : – 2009 : According to a Youth Crime Survey in England & Wales, 23% of young people in mainstream education reported carrying a knife – 2011/2012 : 54% of young people in PRUs reported carrying a knife
• European report on preventing violence and knife crime among young people : – Germany : young people between 14 and 21 years old are causing more assaults with knifes
Rates for less severe and more severe assaults by age group in Germany, 1993–2009
The Management of Knife Injuries A CONSENSUS STATEMENT - May 2011
• Made by the association of surgeons of GB & Irelandsupported by the Metropolitan police & the surgical foundation – Knifes are used in approximately 6% of all violent crime in the UK; this equates to approximately 150,000 incidents per year. – Knife crime in particular is on the increase, especially in urban areas. – London : It is known that many young people today do not feel part of a close community. They feel alienated by society and seek refuge in gangs, alcohol and violence. Their opportunity for employment is reduced,and they are at the mercy of economic forces.
.Human performance in slash attacks : • 87 male and female volunteers (between 2055 yrs) were asked to make one slash attack with an instrumented blade. No instructions on how to slash the target were given, each subject stood a metre in front of a target and the impact forces and direction of each attack was recorded
Human performance in slash attacks
Study : mechanism of injury • Military trainees were assessed in their knife slashing technique against a vertical humansized target. 67 male soldiers were given a large blade and were asked to slash a vertical target of adult proportions with the intention of attacking and causing injury.
Assaliant technique in knife slash attacks – Anthony Bleetman (journal of clinical Forensic Medicine)
