SKRIPSI
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, MOTIVASI, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA
OLEH: CHRISTIAN H NAINGGOLAN 080502050
PROGRAM STUDI STRATA I MANAJEMEN DEPARTEMEN MANAJEMEN FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2012
Universitas Sumatera Utara
SURAT PERNYATAAN
Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang saya ajukan ini berjudul:
“PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, MOTIVASI, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA”
Adalah hasil kerja saya sendiri melalui penelitian yang saya lakukan.Segala sumber dan kutipan yang terdapat dalam skripsi ini telah saya lampirkan sebagaimana mestinya.
Medan, Maret 2012
Christian H Nainggolan
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengawasan, Motivasi, dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan bentuk eksplanasi.Metode pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis linier berganda.Pengerjaan metode analisis data menggunakan bantuan SPSS 17.0 for windows.Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini mneggunakan metode sampling jenuh dimana jumlah sampel sama dengan jumlah populasinya yaitu 68 responden sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, analisis data dengan metode analisis linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengawasan, motivasi, dan kepemimpinan berpengaruh posistif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji regresi linier berganda secara simultan seluruh variabel X berpengaruh terhadap variabel Y. Berdasarkan uji signifikansi parsial (uji-t) bahwa dari ketiga variabel bebas yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Pegawai adalah variabel Pengawasan (X1).
Kata kunci: pengawasan, motivasi, kepemimpinan, dan kinerja pegawai.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This study aims tu determine the influence of Controlling, Motivation, and Leadership of Performance at Work Personnel Management Office of Health Tapanuli Utara. Methods of data analysis used is quantitative methods using explanation shape, which consistof classic assumption test, multiple linear regression, hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis. The execution method of data analysis using SPSS 17.0 for windows. The data used are primary and secondary data. This research also using cencus sampling method which the population number is the same with sample which 68 respondents in the sample study. The result of this study indicate that, data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis showed that the variable of Controlling, Motivation, and Leadership has positive and significant impact on Performance at Work Personnel Management Office of Health Tapanuli Utara. This can be seen from the test results in a simultaneous multiple linear regression that all X variables is significant with Y variable. Based on partial significant test (t-test) that of the three most dominant independent variables affect the Performance is Controlling variable (X3).
Keywords: Controlling, Motivation, Leadership, and Performance
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ ii KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................. iii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................... iv DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... vi DAFTAR GAMBAR................................................................................... vii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... viii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1.Latar Belakang ........................................................................... 1.2.Perumusan Masalah ..................................................................... 1.3.Tujuan Penelitian......................................................................... 1.4.Manfaat Penelitian.......................................................................
1 8 8 9
BAB IITINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1.Uraian Teoritis............................................................................ 2.1.1 Teori Pengawasan .............................................................. 2.1.2 Teori Motivasi ................................................................... 2.1.3 Teori Kepemimpinan ......................................................... 2.1.4 Kinerja Pegawai ................................................................. 2.1.5 Indikator Kinerja ................................................................ 2.2.Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................... 2.3.Kerangka Konseptual ................................................................. 2.4.Hipotesis ....................................................................................
10 10 11 18 22 24 24 25 26
BAB IIIMETODE PENELITIAN 3.1.Jenis penelitian ........................................................................... 3.2.Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................... 3.3.Batasan Operasional Variabel ..................................................... 3.4.Definisi Operasional Variabel ..................................................... 3.5.Skala Pengukuran Variabel ......................................................... 3.6.Populasi dan Sampel ................................................................... 3.6.1 Populasi Penelitian ............................................................. 3.6.2 Sampel Penelitian .............................................................. 3.7. Jenis Data .................................................................................. 3.8. Metode Pengumpulan Data ........................................................ 3.9. Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas ..................................................... 3.9.1 Uji Validitas....................................................................... 3.9.2 Uji Reliabilitas ................................................................... 3.10 Teknik Analisis......................................................................... 3.10.1 Metode Analisis Deskriptif ............................................... 3.10.2 Uji Asumsi Klasik ............................................................. 3.10.3 Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda ......................................
27 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 34 36 36 38 36
Universitas Sumatera Utara
BAB IV ANALISIS DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Gambaran Umum Dinas Kesehatan TAPUT .............................. 4.1.1 Letak Kabupaten TAPUT .................................................. 4.1.2 Visi Dan Misi Dinas Kesehatan TAPUT ............................ 4.1.3 Struktur Organisasi ............................................................ 4.2 Hasil Penelitian .......................................................................... 4.2.1 Metode Analisis Deskriptif ................................................ a. Deskriptif Responden .......................................................... b. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin .......... c. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia.......................... d. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan .. e. Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Lama Bekerja ........... 4.2.2 Metode Analisis Statistik ................................................... 4.2.3 Uji Asumsi Klasik ............................................................. a. Uji Normalitas ..................................................................... b. Uji Heteroskedastisitas ........................................................ c. Uji Multikolinieritas ............................................................ d. Uji Autokorelasi .................................................................. 4.2.4 Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda ...................................... 4.2.5 Uji Hipotesis ..................................................................... a. Uji F (Uji Serempak) ........................................................... b. Uji-t (Uji Signifikansi Parsial) ............................................. c. Uji Koefisien Determinasi (R2) ............................................ 4.3 Pembahasan ............................................................................... BAB V KESIMPULAN SARAN 5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 5.2 Saran.......................................................................................... DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................. LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................
42 42 43 44 45 45 45 46 46 47 48 49 57 57 59 60 61 62 65 65 67 69 71 74 75 77 79
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel Tabel 1.1 Tabel 1.2 Tabel 3.1 Tabel 3.2 Tabel 3.3 Tabel 3.4 Tabel 3.5 Tabel 4.1 Tabel 4.2 Tabel 4.3 Tabel 4.4 Tabel 4.5 Tabel 4.6 Tabel 4.7 Tabel 4.8 Tabel 4.9 Tabel 4.10 Tabel 4.11 Tabel 4.12 Tabel 4.13 Tabel 4.14 Tabel 4.15 Tabel 4.16 Tabel 4.17
Judul Tabel Halaman Jumlah Absensi Pegawai .......................................................... Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) dan Hasil Pencapaian Dinkes Taput 2010 .................................................................. Operasionalisasi Variabel Penelitian ......................................... Instrumen Skala Likert ............................................................. Populasi Penelitian ................................................................... Hasil Validitas Instrumen Penelitian ......................................... Hasil Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian ..................................... Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ................ Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ............................... Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan ....... Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Lama Bekerja ................ Distribusi Jawaban Responden atas Variabel Pengawasan ........ Distribusi Jawaban Responden atas Variabel Motivasi .............. Distribusi Jawaban Responden atas Variabel Kepemimpinan .... Distribusi Jawaban Responden atas Variabel Kinerja ................ One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test ................................... Uji Glejser ................................................................................ Hasil Uji Multikolinieritas ........................................................ Uji Breusch-Godfrey (BG) Test ................................................ Variables Entered/Removed ..................................................... Regresi Linier Berganda ........................................................... Hasil Uji F ................................................................................ Hasil Uji t ................................................................................. Pengujian Koefisien Determinasi ..............................................
4 6 28 29 30 33 35 46 46 47 48 49 51 53 55 59 60 61 62 63 64 66 68 70
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar Judul GambarHalaman Gambar 2.1 Kerangka Konseptual ........................................................... Gambar 4.1 Struktur Organisasi Dinkes Taput ......................................... Gambar 4.2 Scatter Plot Uji Normalitas ...................................................
26 44 58
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LampiranJudul Lampiran Halaman Lampiran I Kuesioner Penelitian ............................................................ 79 Lampiran II Data Validitas dan Reabilitas ............................................ 82 Lampiran III Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reabilitas ..................................... 83 Lampiran IV Hasil Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda ............................. 85 Lampiran V Hasil Asumsi Klasik .......................................................... 87
Universitas Sumatera Utara
