HALAMAN JUDU L
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN VALIDASI PENERIMA BANTUAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) DI KECAMATAN WONOSARI MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHPTOPSIS
SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagai persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Strata Satu Program Studi Informatika
Disusun Oleh: Rofiqoh Hasanah M0512052
PROGRAM STUDI INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2016
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PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN VALIDASI PENERIMA BANTUAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) DI KECAMATAN WONOSARI MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHPTOPSIS ROFIQOH HASANAH Program Studi Informatika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRAK Kemiskinan menjadi salah satu masalah bagi pemerintah Indonesia. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut mulai tahun 2007 Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Dinas Kementrian Sosial melaksanakan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan salah satu pendamping lapangan program PKH di Kecamatan Wonosari, selama ini data yang digunakan PKH dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tidak up to date sehingga menyebabkan masih banyak warga yang tergolong sangat miskin tidak mendapat mendapat bantuan PKH sedangkan warga yang bukan tergolong warga sangat miskin justru mendapatkan bantuan PKH. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut Pendamping lapangan bersama Pemda setempat berusaha memfilter peserta penerima PKH, namun pendamping lapangan belum memiliki ketentuan dalam menentukan batasan nilai dari kriteria tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini sistem rekomendasi menggunakan metode AHP-TOPSIS. Metode AHP digunakan untuk menentukan bobot prioritas 12 kriteria dengan memperhatikan konsistensi bobot kemudian perankingan peserta menggunakan metode TOPSIS dengan mengutamakan pemilihan berdasarkan jarak terdekat dengan solusi ideal positif dan jarak terjauh dengan solusi ideal negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini membantu memberikan rekomendasi penerima PKH. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi yang memberikan keluaran berupa perankingan calon peneraima PKH. Dari hasil pengujian black box dan white box menyatakan bahwa sistem sudah berjalan dengan baik. Sedangkan hasil pengujian usability rata-rata nilai System Usability Scale SUS adalah 82.5 termasuk ke dalam kategori acceptable. Kata kunci: AHP, Program Keluarga Harapan, sistem pendukung keputusan, TOPSIS.
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DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR FAMILY HOPE PROGRAM RECIPIENT VALIDATION IN WONOSARI DISTRICT USING AHP-TOPSIS METHOD
ROFIQOH HASANAH Study Program Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University ABSTRACT Poverty is one of many issues faced by the Indonesian government. To overcome these problem, since 2007 the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Social Affairs Department has committed a program named Family Hope Program (PKH). Based on the interview with one of the field supervisor of PKH program in Wonosari district, the PKH program data has been obtained from Central Statistics Agency (BPS). But, since that time the data has not been updated. That condition impacts many of the real poor people do not get the support fund, while the people who are not classified as the real poor get the support fund. The field supervisor with the local government has tried to select the participant of the PKH program, but the field supervisor has not had a provision in determining the threshold criteria. As a solutionof that problem, in this study, a decision support system is implemented using AHP-TOPSIS method. The AHP method is used to determine the priority weight of 12 criteria with regard to the weight consistency. The participant ranking is obtained using the TOPSIS method by prioritizing the selection based on the closest distance from the positive ideal solution and the farthest distance from the negative ideal solution. The purpose of this study is to provide a suitable recommendation of PKH recipients. The result of this study is an application program that provides a candidate ranking of PKH recipients. From the black box and white box testing result, it can be concluded that the system is running well, while the average value of usability result testing obtained by System Usability Scale average value is 82.5 which is acceptable.
Keywords: AHP, Family Hope Program, decision support systems, TOPSIS.
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MOTTO “Tugas akhir yang baik adalah yang cepat selesai dan bermanfaat bagi orang lain”
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PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini dipersembahkan untuk keluarga tercinta yang telah memberikan dukungan dalam segala hal.
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KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat, hidayah serta inayah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir dengan judul “Pengembangan Aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Validasi Penerima Bantuan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Di Kecamatan Wonosari Menggunakan Metode AHP-TOPSIS”. Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu proses pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini sehingga dapat berwujud sebagaimana yang diharapkan, yaitu kepada : 1. Bapak Suharta, Ibu Komsatun Maemunah, Azizatun Nikmah dan Muhammad Zakky Muhtar, keluarga yang senantiasa memberikan kasih sayang, mendukung serta memberikan semangat. 2. Bapak Ristu Saptono, S.Si., M.T. dan Ibu Rini Anggrainingsih, S.T., M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing I dan pembimbing II atas ilmu yang diberikan, bimbingan, kebaikan dan kesabaran kepada penulis selama pelaksanaan Tugas Akhir. 3. Dwi Pramitha, Ely Desyanawati, Amelia Rahman, Zaenal Abidin, Sajida Asis, Mailinda Saputri, Irfan Dwi, Nur Huda, Ulfi Nurul, Ajeng Wahyu Megawati, Sholikhah Ika Mustafa, Merry Andy, sahabat tercinta yang selalu memberikan warna-warni hidup.
Surakarta, September 2016
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................... i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .................................................................................. ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. iv MOTTO ..................................................................................................................... vi PERSEMBAHAN .................................................................................................... vii KATA PENGANTAR............................................................................................. viii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................... 1 1.1
Latar Belakang ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................... 3 1.3 Batasan Masalah .................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................... 4 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan .......................................................................................... 4 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................... 5 2.1 Dasar Teori ........................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Pengertian Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) ................................................... 5 2.1.2 Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) ................................................................. 9 2.1.4 Technique For Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) ... 12 2.1.5 Waterfall ........................................................................................................... 15 2.1.6 System Usability Scale (SUS) ........................................................................... 15 2.1.7 Kompleksitas Siklomatis .................................................................................. 17 2.2 Penelitian Terkait .............................................................................................. 17 2.3 Rencana Penelitian ............................................................................................ 21 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .............................................................. 23
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3.1 Analisis kebutuhan sistem ................................................................................. 23 3.2 Perancangan ....................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Implementasi ...................................................................................................... 25 3.4 Pengujian ............................................................................................................ 25 BAB IV PEMBAHASAN ........................................................................................ 26 4.1
Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem....................................................................... 26
4.1.1 Deskripsi Data................................................................................................... 26 4.1.2 Analisis Data Calon Penerima Bantuan PKH ................................................... 26 4.1.3 Analisis Kebutuhan Fungsional dan Non-Fungsional ...................................... 27 4.1.4 Proses Perhitungan Rekomendasi ..................................................................... 28 4.1.5 Definisi User ..................................................................................................... 34 4.1.6 Context Diagram............................................................................................... 35 4.1.7 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) .............................................................................. 35 4.2 Perancangan ....................................................................................................... 37 4.2.1 Perancangan Database ...................................................................................... 37 4.2.2 Perancangan Antarmuka ................................................................................... 37 4.3 Implementasi ...................................................................................................... 43 4.4
Pengujian ................................................................................................... 49
BAB V PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 51 5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................................... 51 5.2
Saran........................................................................................................... 51
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 52
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Skala Saaty................................................................................................ 11 Tabel 2.2. Rasio Konsistensi...................................................................................... 12 Tabel 2.3. Skala Penilaian SUS ................................................................................. 16 Tabel 2.4. Skala SUS ................................................................................................. 17 Tabel 2.5. Penelitian Terkait ...................................................................................... 20 Tabel 4.1. Matriks Perbandingan ............................................................................... 28 Tabel 4.2. Matriks Normalisasi.................................................................................. 29 Tabel 4.3. Hasil penjumlahan elemen perbaris .......................................................... 29 Tabel 4.4. Eigen vektor .............................................................................................. 29 Tabel 4.5. Matriks Keputusan .................................................................................... 31 Tabel 4.6. Matriks keputusan ternormalisasi ............................................................. 31 Tabel 4.7. Matriks keputusan ternormalisasi berbobot .............................................. 32 Tabel4.8. Tabel Solusi ideal positif dan negatif ........................................................ 32 Tabel 4.9. Tabel Separasi ........................................................................................... 33 Tabel 4.10. Hasil perhitungan TOPSIS ..................................................................... 33 Tabel 4.11. Tabel Perankingan pada proses TOPSIS ................................................ 33 Tabel 4.12. Tabel perankingan hasil akhir ................................................................. 34 Tabel 4.13. Definisi user ............................................................................................ 34 Tabel 4.14. Kuisioner penyataan SUS ....................................................................... 49 Tabel 4.16. Nilai responden ....................................................................................... 50 Tabel Lampiran 1.1 Hak akses koordinator ............................................................... 57 Tabel Lampiran 1.2 Kebutuhan Non-Fungsional ...................................................... 59 Tabel Lampiran 2.1 Tabel keluarga ........................................................................... 62 Tabel Lampiran 2.2 Tabel kelurahan ......................................................................... 62 Tabel Lampiran 2.3 Tabel kriteria ............................................................................. 63 Tabel Lampiran 2.4 Tabel nilai_kriteria .................................................................... 63 Tabel Lampiran 2.5 Tabel hasil ................................................................................. 63 Tabel Lampiran 2.6 Tabel user .................................................................................. 64 Tabel Lampiran 2.7 Dekomposisi fungsional modul................................................. 64 Tabel Lampiran 2.8 Fungsi modul FR-01 ................................................................. 65
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Tabel Lampiran 2.9 Spesifikasi objek FR-01 ............................................................ 66 Tabel Lampiran 2.10 Fungsi modul FR-02 ............................................................... 66 Tabel Lampiran 2.11 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-02 ........................................... 67 Tabel Lampiran 2.12 Objek pada layar FR-02 .......................................................... 67 Tabel 2.13 Fungsi modul FR-03 ................................................................................ 68 Tabel Lampiran 2.14 Spesifikasi objek FR-03 .......................................................... 69 Tabel Lampiran 2.15 Fungsi modul FR-04 ............................................................... 69 Tabel Lampiran 2.16 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-04 ........................................... 70 Tabel Lampiran 2.17 Fungsi modul FR-05 ............................................................... 70 Tabel Lampiran 2.18 Spesifikasi objek FR-05 .......................................................... 71 Tabel Lampiran 2.19 Fungsi modul FR-06 ............................................................... 72 Tabel Lampiran 2.20 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-06 ........................................... 72 Tabel Lampiran 2.21 Spesifikasi objek FR-06 .......................................................... 73 Tabel Lampiran 2.22 Fungsi modul FR-07 ............................................................... 73 Tabel Lampiran 2.23 Spesifikasi objek FR-07 .......................................................... 74 Tabel Lampiran 2.24 Fungsi modul FR-08 ............................................................... 74 Tabel Lampiran 2.25 Fungsi modul FR-12 ............................................................... 75 Tabel Lampiran 3.1. Hasil jumlah per kolom pada perhitungan manual .................. 84 Tabel Lampiran 3.2. Hasil eigen vektor pada perhitungan manual ........................... 86 Tabel Lampiran 3.3. Matriks separasi pada perhitungan manual .............................. 89 Tabel Lampiran 3.4. Kedekatan relatif pada perhitungan manual ............................. 90 Tabel Lampiran 4.1. Pengujian Black Box ................................................................ 91
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1. Struktur Hierarkial AHP ......................................................................... 9 Gambar 3.1. Tahap pengembangan aplikasi .............................................................. 23 Gambar 4.1. Context Diagram .................................................................................. 35 Gambar 4.2. DFD Level 1 ......................................................................................... 36 Gambar 4.3 Desain Database ..................................................................................... 37 Gambar 4.4. Desain antarmuka halaman login .......................................................... 38 Gambar 4.5. Desain antarmuka halaman home ......................................................... 38 Gambar 4.6. Desain antarmuka input data dan nilai calon peserta PKH ................... 39 Gambar 4.7. Desain antarmuka halaman tampil data calon peserta PKH ................ 39 Gambar 4.8. Desain antarmuka halaman tampil nilai kriteria calon peserta PKH .... 40 Gambar 4.9. Desain antarmuka halaman hasil pencarian data calon peserta PKH ... 40 Gambar 4.10. Desain antarmuka halaman demografi per kelurahan ......................... 41 Gambar 4.11. Desain antarmuka halaman proses perhitungan .................................. 41 Gambar 4.12. Desain antarmuka halaman form tambah kriteria ............................... 42 Gambar 4.13. Desain antarmuka halaman hasil perankingan .................................... 42 Gambar 4.14. Desain antarmuka hasil export ........................................................... 43 Gambar 4.15. Halaman login ..................................................................................... 43 Gambar 4.16. Halaman home .................................................................................... 44 Gambar 4.17. Halaman input data peserta ................................................................. 44 Gambar 4.18. Halaman tampil data calon peserta bantuan PKH............................... 45 Gambar 4.19. Halaman tampil nilai kriteria calon peserta PKH ............................... 45 Gambar 4.20. Halaman hasil pencarian data calon peserta PKH .............................. 46 Gambar 4.21. Halaman demografi calon peserta PKH .............................................. 46 Gambar 4.22. Halaman proses perhitungan ............................................................... 47 Gambar 4.23. Halaman tambah kriteria ..................................................................... 47 Gambar 4.24. Halaman perankingan ......................................................................... 48 Gambar 4.25. Halaman export ................................................................................... 48 Gambar Lampiran 1.1 DFD level 2 mengelola keluarga ........................................... 59 Gambar Lampiran 1.2 DFD level 2 mengelola kriteria ............................................. 60 Gambar Lampiran 2.1 Layar utama input data calon penerima PKH ....................... 65 Gambar Lampiran 2.2 Layar utama menampilkan data calon penerima PKH .......... 67
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Gambar Lampiran 2.3 Layar utama input nilai calon penerima PKH ....................... 68 Gambar Lampiran 2.4 Layar utama menampilkan nilai kriteria calon penerima PKH ................................................................................................................................... 69 Gambar Lampiran 2.5 Layar utama memasukan nilai preferensi .............................. 71 Gambar Lampiran 2.6 Layar utama tambah kriteria.................................................. 72 Gambar Lampiran 2.7 Layar utama hasil rekomendasi ............................................. 73 Gambar Lampiran 2.8 Layar utama menampilkan tampilan export .......................... 75 Gambar Lampiran 2.9 Layar utama demografi per kelurahan ................................... 76 Gambar Lampiran 3.1. Diagram Alir......................................................................... 77 Gambar Lampiran 3.2. Grafik Alir ............................................................................ 82 Gambar Lampiran 3.3. Hasil matriks perbandingan pada program ........................... 84 Gambar Lampiran 3.4. Hasil matriks perhitungan per kolom pada program ............ 84 Gambar Lampiran 3.4. Hasil normalisasi pada program ........................................... 85 Gambar Lampiran 3.5. Hasil eigen vektor pada program .......................................... 86 Gambar Lampiran 3.6. Hasil lamda pada program .................................................... 86 Gambar Lampiran 3.7. Nilai index konsistensi pada program .................................. 86 Gambar Lampiran 3.8. Nilai konsistensi pada program ............................................ 87 Gambar Lampiran 3.9. Normalisasi matriks data pada program ............................... 87 Gambar Lampiran 3.10. Matriks separasi pada program........................................... 89 Gambar Lampiran 3.11. Kedekatan relatif pada program ......................................... 90
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN 1............................................................................................................ 54 LAMPIRAN 2............................................................................................................ 61 LAMPIRAN 3............................................................................................................ 77 LAMPIRAN 4............................................................................................................ 91
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