PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG DAN PUPUK MAJEMUK NPK (15-15-15) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth)
SKRIPSI
Oleh : AHMAD AMIN ROIS NIM : 2008-41-007
PROGRAM STUDI AGROTEKNOLOGI FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS 2012
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG DAN PUPUK MAJEMUK NPK (15-15-15) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth)
SKRIPSI
Diajukan Kepada Fakultas Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muria Kudus untuk Memenuhi Sebagian dari Syarat-Syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pertanian
Oleh : AHMAD AMIN ROIS NIM : 2008-41-007
PROGRAM STUDI AGROTEKNOLOGI FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS 2012
Judul Skripsi
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG DAN PUPUK MAJEMUK NPK (15-15-15) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Disusun oleh AHMAD AMIN ROIS NIM : 2008-41-032 Telah dipertahankan di depan Dewan Penguji Pada tanggal : 25 September 2012 Dan dinyatakan telah memenuhi syarat untuk diterima.
Kudus, 25 September 2012
Mengetahui, Pembimbing Utama,
Ir. Supari, M.Si. Pembimbing Pendamping,
Ir. Shodiq Eko Ariyanto, MP.
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muria Kudus
KATA PENGANTAR Dengan mengucapkan alhamdulillah, akhirnya penyusun dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi dengan judul “Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Pupuk Kandang Dan Pupuk Majemuk NPK (15-15-15) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam “(Pogostemon Cablin Benth)”. Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi sebagian dari syarat-syarat guna memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pertanian. Pada kesempatan ini, penyusun mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, terutama kepada yang terhormat : 1. Ir. H. Hadi Supriyo, MS, selaku Dekan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muria Kudus. 2. Ir. Zed Nahdi, M.Sc, selaku Ketua Komisi Sarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muria Kudus. 3. Ir. Supari, M.Si, selaku Dosen Pembimbing Utama. 4. Ir. Shodiq Eko Ariyanto, MP, selaku Dosen Pembimbing Pendamping. 5. Semua pihak yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung membantu penyusunan skripsi ini. Penyusun sadari bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan, oleh karena itu penyusun mengharap kritik dan saran yang membangun untuk penyempurnaan skripsi ini. Akhirnya semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi siapa saja yang memerlukan. Kudus, 25 September 2012
Penyusun
iv
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL ....................................................................................
ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .....................................................................
iii
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................
v
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................
viii
INTISARI .....................................................................................................
xi
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
xii
I.
PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang .............................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................
3
C. Tujuan ..........................................................................................
3
D. Hipotesis.......................................................................................
4
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................
5
A. Tanaman Nilam ...........................................................................
5
1. Botani tanaman nilam ............................................................
5
2. Syarat tumbuh ........................................................................
6
B. Pemupukan...................................................................................
7
1. Pupuk Kandang ......................................................................
7
2. Pupuk Majemuk NPK.............................................................
8
III. BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN ........................................
10
A. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ......................................................
10
B. Bahan dan Alat.............................................................................
10
C. Metode Penelitian.........................................................................
10
D. Pelaksanaan Penelitian .................................................................
12
E. Parameter Pengamatan .................................................................
15
v
IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN...........................................................
17
A. Hasil .................................................................................................
17
1. Tinggi Tanaman ...........................................................................
18
2. Jumlah Cabang Primer.................................................................
22
3. Bobot Segar..................................................................................
26
4. Bobot Kering................................................................................
29
5. Kadar Klorofil..............................................................................
32
B. Pembahasan.....................................................................................
35
1. Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam .....................................................
35
2. Hasil Tanaman Nilam ..................................................................
38
V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .............................................................
41
A. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................
41
B. Saran.............................................................................................
41
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................
42
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................
44
vi
DAFTAR TABEL (LIST OF TABLE) Tabel Tables 1 1. 2. 2.
3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5.
Halaman (Page) Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang dan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap rata-rata tinggi tanaman umur 4, 8, 12, dan 16 MST ......................... The effect dosed of manure den and NPK compound fertilizer to the height of plants at the age 4, ,8, 12, and 16 week after plant. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang dan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap rata-rata jumplah cabang primer umur 4, 8, 12, dan 16 MST... ......... The effect dosed of manure den and NPK compound fertilizer to the height of number branch of primary at the age 4, 8, 12, and 16 week after plant. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang dan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap rata-rata bobot segar umur 16 MST ................................................... The effect dosed of manure den and NPK compound fertilizer to the height of fresh heavy at the age 16 week after plant. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang dan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap rata-rata bobot kering umur 16 MST.................................................. The effect dosed of manure den and NPK compound fertilizer to the height of dry heafy at the age 16 week after plant. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang dan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap rata-rata kadar khlorofil umur 16 MST.. ............................................ The effect dosed of manure den and NPK compound fertilizer to the height of Chlorophyll at the age 16 week after plant.
vii
18
22
26
29
32
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN (LIST OF APPENDIXES) Lampiran Appendixes 1. 1.
Halaman (Page) Perhitungan Kombinasi Dosis Pupuk Organik, dan NPK (15:15:15)............................................................................... The calculation of combination dose organic, dolomite and NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer.
44
2. 2.
Tabel Kadar hara beberapa bahan dasar pupuk organik ........ Table Titrates raw product umpteen nutrient organic fertilizer.
45
3. 3.
Diskripsi Nilam varietas Sidikalang ...................................... The description of Pogostemon Cablin Benth.
46
4. 4.
Matrik Sidik Ragam ............................................................... Matrix the Analyses of Variance.
47
5. 5.
Hasil Pengamatan Tinggi Tanaman Umur 4 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)......................................................................... Plant Height at the 4th Week after Planting.
6. 6.
Sidik Ragam Tinggi Tanaman Umur 4 MST......................... Analyses of Variance for The Plant Height at the 4th wap.
48
7. 7.
Hasil Pengamatan Tinggi Tanaman Umur 8 MST ................ Plant Height at the 8th Week after Planting.
49
8. 8.
Sidik Ragam Tinggi Tanaman Primer Umur 8 MST............. Analyses of Variance for The Plant Height at the 8th wap.
49
9. 9.
Hasil Pengamatan Tinggi Tanaman Umur 12 MST .............. Plant Height at the 12th Week after Planting.
50
10. 10.
Sidik Ragam Tinggi Tanaman Umur 12 MST....................... Analyses of Variance for The Plant Height at the 12th wap.
50
11. 11.
Hasil Pengamatan Tinggi Tanaman Umur 16 MST ............. Plant Height at the 16th Week after Planting.
51
12. 12.
Sidik Ragam Tinggi Tanaman Umur 16 MST....................... Analyses of Variance for The Plant Height at the 16th wap.
51
viii
48
13. 13.
Hasil Pengamatan Jumlah cabang primer Umur 4 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)............................................................ Observing result foots up primary branch at the 4th Week after Planting.
14. 14.
Sidik Ragam Jumlah cabang primer Umur 4 MST................ Analyses of Variance for foots up primary branch at the 4th wap.
15.
Hasil Pengamatan Jumlah cabang primer Umur 8 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)............................................................ Observing result foots up primary branch at the 8th Week after Planting.
15. 16. 16.
Sidik Ragam Jumlah cabang primer Umur 8 MST................ Analyses of Variance for foots up primary branch at the 8th wap.
17.
Hasil Pengamatan Jumlah cabang primer Umur 12 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)............................................................ Observing result foots up primary branch at the 12th Week after Planting.
17. 18. 18.
Sidik Ragam Jumlah cabang primer Umur 12 MST.............. Analyses of Variance for foots up primary branch at the 12th wap.
19.
Hasil Pengamatan Jumlah cabang primer Umur 16 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)............................................................ Observing result foots up primary branch at the 16th Week after Planting.
19. 20. 20.
Sidik Ragam Jumlah cabang primer Umur 16 MST.............. Analyses of Variance for foots up primary branch at the 16th wap.
52
52
53
53
54
54
55
55
Planting. 21. 21.
Hasil Pengamatan Bobot Segar Umur 16 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)......................................................................... Observing result heavy Wet Plant at the 16th Week after Planting.
22. 22.
Sidik Ragam Bobot Segar Umur 16 MST ............................. Analyses of Variance heavy Wet Plant at the 16th wap.
23.
Hasil Pengamatan Bobot Kering Umur 16 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST).........................................................................
ix
56
56
57
23.
Observing result heavy Dry Plant at the 16th Week after Planting.
24. 24.
Sidik Ragam Bobot Kering Umur 16 MST ........................... Analyses of Variance heavy Dry Plant at the 16th wap.
25.
Hasil Pengamatan Kadar khlorofil Umur 16 Minggu Setelah Tanam (MST)......................................................................... Observing result Titrates Plant Chlorophyll at the 16th Week after Planting.
25.
57
58
26. 26.
Sidik Ragam Berat Kadar khlorofil Umur 16 MST............... Analyses of Variance Titrates Plant Chlorophyll at the 16th wap.
58
27.
Desain Rancangan Percobaan ................................................
59
27.
Lay-out of Experimental Plots.
28. 28.
Desain Tanaman Sampel.......................................................... Sample Plant design.
59
29. 29.
Grafik Perkembangan Tinggi Tanaman................................... Tall formative graph Plant
60
30. 30.
Grafik Perkembangan Jumlah Cabang Primer ......................... Formative graph foots up primary branch
61
31. 31.
Histogram Berat Segar per Tanaman ....................................... Fresh heavy histogram Plant
62
32. 32.
Histogram Berat Kering per Tanaman ..................................... Dry heavy histogram Plant
63
33. 33.
Histogram Kadar Khlorofil Tanaman ...................................... Khlorofil Plant
64
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