LAW ENFORCEMENT
Tato studijní opora je spolufinancována Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.
Na vzniku této studijní opory se podíleli: Studijní oporu zajišťuje: Karviná 2011
Bc. Lucie Lukešová, Mgr. Petra Řepišťáková
Střední odborná škola ochrany osob a majetku, s.r.o.
OBSAH
Strany Seznam použitých značek, symbolů a zkratek .......................................................................... 2 1 POLICE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC ......................................................................... 3 1.1 A police officer ............................................................................................................ 3 2 POLICE OFFICER OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC....................................................... 5 2.1 Police Equipment ......................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Police of the Czech Republic Organizational Structure ............................................ 8 2.2.1 List of the services and other units and institutions of the Czech police force .... 9 3 PUBLIC ORDER POLICE SERVICE ......................................................................... 10 4 TRAFFIC POLICE SERVICE...................................................................................... 13 4.1 Registration Plates ..................................................................................................... 14 5 ALIEN POLICE SERVICE .......................................................................................... 17 5.1 Foreigners in the Czech Republic ............................................................................. 18 5.2 Application forms ...................................................................................................... 20 5.2.1 Application for the European Union Citizen and their family members ............ 20 5.2.2 Application for permanent residence permit ........................................................ 21 5.2.3 Application for Czech Visa ................................................................................... 22 5.2.4 Letter of invitation.................................................................................................. 23 6 CRIMINAL POLICE AND INVESTIGATION SERVICE ....................................... 24 7 CRIME ........................................................................................................................... 26 8 LAW ............................................................................................................................... 30
VÝSTUPY Z UČENÍ Po prostudování textu této kapitoly a splnění úkolů Žák:
Budete schopni
popíše strukturu Policie České republiky se orientuje v základní slovní zásobě se orientuje ve specifické slovní zásobě náležící k různým typům složek Policie ČR dokáže vyplnit cizojazyčný formuláře Služby cizinecké policie popíše rozdíly mezi níže uvedenými formuláři používanými Službami cizinecké policie VÝSTUPY Z UČENÍ
KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA Police Crime Law
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Seznam použitých značek, symbolů a zkratek Průvodce studiem, kapitolou Průvodce kapitolou, textem, podnět Shrnutí Výstupy z učení Čas potřebný ke studiu Kontrolní otázka Samostatný úkol Test a otázka Řešení a odpovědi, návody Korespondenční úkoly Zapamatujte si Řešený příklad Definice Úkol k zamyšlení Část pro zájemce Další zdroje
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1 POLICE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC The Police of the Czech Republic are an armed security force established by the National Council Act of June 21, 1991. The Police of the Czech Republic serve the public. The objective of the Czech Republic is to protect the security of people, property and public order, to prevent criminal offences, to meet tasks stipulated by the Code of Criminal Procedure, and to carry out other duties pertaining to internal order and security vested in the Police of the Czech Republic by laws, legal regulations of the European Communities and international agreements which are part of the legal framework of the Czech Republic.
1.1 A police officer A police officer also known as a policeman or policewoman, and constable (in the United Kingdom) is a warranted employee of a police force. Police officers carry firearms, primarily handguns, in the normal course of their duties. Responsibilities of a police officer are varied. Typical duties relate to keeping the peace, law enforcement, protection of persons and property, and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Some police officers may also be trained in special duties, such as counter-terrorism, surveillance, child protection, VIP protection, and investigation techniques into major crime, including fraud, rape, murder and drug trafficking. In most countries, candidates for the police force must have completed some formal education.
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Vocabulary arise [ə'raɪz] – nastat/vzniknout candidate ['kændɪˌdeɪt] - uchazeč constable ['kʌnstəbəl] – strážník drug trafficking [drʌg] – obchodování s drogami duty ['djuːtɪ] – povinnost/služba; be on duty – být ve službě firearm ['faɪərɑːm] – střelná zbraň formal education ['fo:məl 'ɛdjʊˈkeɪʃən] – oficiální vzdělání fraud [frɔːd] - podvod investigation [ɪnvɛstɪˈgeɪʃən] – vyšetřování murder ['mɜːdə] - vražda peace [piːs] – klid/mír protection [prə'tɛkʃən] – ochrana rape [reip] – znásilnění relate [rɪˈleɪt] – vztahovat se respond [rɪˈspɒnd] - zereagovat responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsə'bɪlɪtɪ] – zodpovědnost surveillance [ sɜːˈveɪləns] – dohled/pozorování VIP protection [ˌviː ai 'piː prə'tɛkʃən] – VIP protekce
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2 POLICE OFFICER OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC A police officer and an employee of the Czech Republic are obliged to observe rules of politeness and respect the honour, esteem and dignity of people and themselves in the course of performance of police tasks. In the event of danger or disturbance of internal order and security, the control of which falls within the remit of the Police, a police officer on duty and a police employee in working hours are obliged to take action within their powers, or to undertake another measure in order to eliminate such danger or disturbance. A police officer is also obliged to act off duty, if the life, health or freedom of person is in direct danger, if property is compromised or if these values become a subject of an attack. When possible, prior to talking or threatening to take law enforcement action, a police officer must use the words "In the name of the law!" and an adequate appeal. Police officers and employees of the Police of the Czech Republic must not cause unreasonable harm to anyone as a result of their actions and must proceed in a way which ensures that the intervention in the rights and freedoms of persons, against whom the action is taken or of any bystanders, does not exceed the degree necessary for achieving the purpose of the action. In taking action, a police officer must declare their membership of the Police of the Czech Republic by wearing a uniform, showing a service identity card or a police badge which must visibly display the identification number. act off duty [ækt] – postupovat v době mimo službu appeal [ə'piːl] - výzva badge [bædʒ] - odznak bystander ['baɪˌstændər] - bezdůvodný danger ['deɪndʒər] - nebezpečí declare [dɪˈklɛər] - prokázat 5
disturbance [dɪˈstɜːbəns] – rušení pořádku dignity ['dɪgnɪtɪ] - důstojnost eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪˌneɪt] - odstranit ensure [ɪnˈʃuer] - zajistit esteem [ɪˈstiːm]– úcta, vážnost exceed [ɪk'siːd] - překročit identification number [aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən 'nʌmbər] – identifikační číslo In the name of the law! – „Jménem zákona!“ intervention [ ɪntə'vɛnʃən] - zásah measure; take measure ['mɛʒər] – důkaz; přijmout opatření oblige (to be oblige) [ə'blaɪdʒ] – být povinován; zavázat observe [əb'zɜːv] - dodržovat proceed [prə'siːd] - postupovat remit [ri'mit] – kompetence, pravomoc respect [rɪˈspɛkt] – respektovat service identity card - [ˈsəːvis] [aɪˈdɛntɪtɪ] [kaːd] – služební průkaz undertake [ ʌndə'teɪk] - převzít, přijmout unreasonable [ʌn'riːznəbəl] – bezdůvodný visibly ['vizəbli] - viditelně
2.1 Police Equipment Vocabulary badge [bædʒ] – odznak baton ['bætən] – obušek bullet-proof vest - ['bʊlɪt pru:f vɛst] – ochranná vesta equipment belt [ɪˈkwɪpmənt bɛlt] – opasek gun and its holster [gʌn] ['həʊlstər] - zbraň a pouzdro na zbraň handcuff(s) ['hænd kʌf] – pouta, želízka 6
identification number [aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən 'nʌmbər] – identifikační číslo kit [kit] - výbava pepper spray ['pɛpə sprei] – pepřový sprej pin(s) [pin]– spona radio ['reɪdɪəʊ]– rádio taser ['teɪzə] – elektrošoková zbraň tool [tu:l]– pomůcka/nástroj torch [tɔ:tʃ] – baterka service identity card - [ˈsəːvis] [aɪˈdɛntɪtɪ] [kaːd] – služební průkaz uniform ['ju:nɪˌfɔ:m]– uniforma vehicle ['vi:ɪkəl]- vozidlo vest [vɛst]– vesta
Extra equipment First aid kit includes a pocket mask, disposable gloves, sterile plasters and so on.
Exercise Write the names of the pieces of equipment next to the pictures.
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2.2 Police of the Czech Republic Organizational Structure The organization of the Czech National Police conforms to the administrative divisions of the country. There are eight regional and 86 district police headquarters. The Czech Police are headed by the Police President and activities of the Police of the Czech Republic are managed by the Police Presidium. The Police President is accountable for activities of the Police to the Minister of the Interior. The Police Presidium especially stipulates the police development goals, drafts policy and management plans and sets tasks for particular police services. The Police Presidium also analyses and supervises the activity of the Police, creates conditions for the police units to fulfil their tasks and coordinates their activities which are beyond their local or subject-matter competence.
Vocabulary accountable for [əˈkaʊntəbəl] – zodpovědný za co analyse [ˈænəl aɪz] – analyzovat beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] – mimo, nad rámec conform to [kənˈfɔːm] – odpovídat čemu coordinate [kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪt] - koordinovat create [kriːˈeɪt] – vytvářet development [dɪˈvɛləpmənt] – rozvoj district [ˈdɪstrɪkt] – kraj draft [drɑːft] – koncepce fulfil [fʊlˈfɪl] - plnit goal [gəʊl] – cíl head [hɛd] – řídit, vést headquarters [hɛdˈkwɔːtəz] – ústředí, centrála, ředitelství manage [ˈmænɪdʒ] – řídit stipulate [ˈstɪpjʊlet] – určit 8
subject-matter [ˈmӕtə] - podstata supervise [ˈsuːpəvaɪz] – dozírat task [tɑːsk] – úkol the Minister of the Interior [ˈmɪnɪstə] [ɪnˈtɪərɪə] - Ministerstvo vnitra the Police President – Policejní prezident the Police Presidium [ˈprɛzɪdənt] [prɪˈsɪdɪəm] – Policejní prezidium
2.2.1 List of the services and other units and institutions of the Czech police force Alien Police Service – Služba cizinecké policie Aviation Service – Letecká služba Criminal Police and Investigation Service (CPIS) – Služba kriminální policie a vyšetřování (SKPV) CPIS Corruption and Financial Crime Detection Unit – Útvar odhalování korupce a finanční kriminality SKPV CPIS National Drug Headquarters – Národní protidrogová centrála SKPV CPIS Organized Crime Detention Unit
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Útvar pro odhalování
organizovaného zločinu SKPV Protection Service – Ochranná služba Public Order Police Service – Služba pořádkové policie Railway Police Service – Služba železniční policie Traffic Police Service – Služba dopravní policie And other special services.
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3 PUBLIC ORDER POLICE SERVICE The Public Order Police Service represents a fundamental pillar of the Police of the Czech Republic. It is the largest in terms of the number of the police officers and most versatile in terms of its scope of activities. The direct contact between the Public Order Police and the public is facilitated by a network of local police stations all over the territory of the republic and district police stations on the territory of the capital city of Prague. The police stations are staffed permanently by officers performing round-theclock duties who have powers for immediate action. The duty officers accept reports, requests and other suggestions and provide constant contact with all people to whom the Police provides the service and with who it co-operates. Patrolling and guarding are the most visible activities of the Public Order Police. Police officers perform these duties in their respective districts or along designated routes and on designated sites. Their duty is to prevent misdemeanours and crime – detecting them and taking action against the perpetrators.
Vocabulary designated routes [ˈdezigneit] [ruːt] – určené úseky designated sites [ˈdezigneit] [saɪt]– určené stanoviště detect [dɪˈtɛkt] – odhalovat, zjistit district police station [ˈdɪstrɪkt] – místní oddělení fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmɛntəl] – základní guarding [gɑːd] – hlídková služba local police station [ˈləʊkəl] – obvodní oddělení misdemeanour [ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə] - přestupek network [ˈnɛtwɜːk] – síť 10
patrolling [pəˈtroʊl] – obchůzková služba perform [pəˈfɔːm] – vykonávat perpetrator[ˈpɜːpitreitər] – pachatel pillar [ˈpɪlə] – pilíř provide [prəˈvaɪd]– poskytovat respective districts [rɪˈspɛktɪv] – svěřené okrksky round-the-clock [raʊnd] – nepřetržitý scope [skəʊp] – obsah, rozsah staffed [staːft] – obsazený the duty officers – dozorčí sužba versatile [vɜːsətaɪl] – univerzální A Dialogue Police officers arrive at a pub to check on a complaint about customers fighting: After asking the bartender what the problem is the officers approach a group of young people. Police officer: Good evening, we’ve been informed that there’s been some fighting here. Young male: That’s bullshit! She’s lying! Police officer: Can I ask you to please remain calm, sir? Young male: Whatever. Police officer: Can I see your ID please? Police checks ID. Police officer: Sir, according to this you are only 17 years old and the drinking age in the Czech Republic is 18 years. Young male: Oh, I thought it was only 16.
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Police officer: I’m going to have to ask you to come with me to the police station so we can contact your parents.
A Dialogue Police officer is stopped on the street by a British tourist: Tourist: Can you help me, officer? My bike has been stolen! Police officer: When was it stolen? Tourist: About ten minutes ago. I went into the store and left my bike in front, when I came back my bike was gone. Police officer: What does your bike look like? Tourist: It’s a black and grey mountain bike with a red water bottle under the seat. Police officer: Can you give me your name please? Tourist: My name is John Smith. Police officer: Thank you. If you give me a telephone number where you can be reached I can contact you if we receive any information about your bike. Tourist: Here you are. Thank you. Do you think you’ll find my bike? Police officer: It’s not very likely, you should use a bike lock in the future.
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4 TRAFFIC POLICE SERVICE The tasks for the Traffic Police Service include controlling the safety of road traffic, checking compliance with traffic regulations and the investigation of road accidents. A special transport engineering branch is entrusted with specific tasks. Controling road traffic means in particular contolling of taffic roads, overseeing compliance with traffic regulations abd controlling of individual compliance of road traffic user. Traffic Police patrols also control the technical condition of vehicles and inspect vehicles directly on the road. The Traffic Police chooses its work depending on the current road safety situation; it runs special controls against drink-driving, driving under the influence of drugs, and against speeding. Road safety actions, in which the largest numbers of police officers are involved, are a particularly effective way of ensuring safety on roads. Road accidents and are investigated by specialised Traffic Police Units. They collect the fact and document criminal offences committed in connection with the breaching of the Road Traffic Act and perform the tasks of a police authority stemming from the Criminal Procedure Code. They also detect traffic offences and either handle them directly or refer them to the relevant administrative authority. The Transport Engineering Section of the Traffic Police Service exercises the powers of state administration in the area of road safety and flow of traffic.
Vocabulary accident [ˈæksɪdənt] – nehoda breach [briːtʃ] - porušení compliance [kəmˈplaɪəns] – vyhovění, dodržování detect [dɪˈtɛkt] – zjistit, odhalovat drink-driving [drɪŋk ˈdraɪvɪŋ] – řízení pod vlivem alkoholu ensure [inˈʃʊər] - zajistit 13
entrust [ɪnˈtrʌst] - svěřit flow of traffic – plynulost dopravy handle [ˈhændəl] - řešit in particular [in pəˈtɪkjʊlə] – zejména influence [ˈɪnflʊəns] - vliv investigation [ɪnˌvɛstɪˈgeɪʃən] - vyšetřování oversee [ˌəʊvəˈsiː] – kontrolovat perform [pəˈfɔːm] - vykonávat regulation [ˌrɛgjʊˈleɪʃən] – předpis relevant [ˈrɛlɪvənt] – příslušný safety [ˈseɪftɪ] – bezpečnostní speeding [ˈspiːdɪŋ] – překročení povolené rychlosti stem [stɛm] – pramenit the Criminal Procedure Code [ˈkrɪmɪnəl] [prəˈsiːdʒə] [kəʊd] – trestní řád the Transport Engineering Section [ˈtrænsˌpɔːt] [ˌɛndʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] [ˈsɛkʃən] – dopravně inženýrský úsek traffic offences [ˈtræfɪk] [əˈfɛns]– dopravní přestupky
4.1 Registration Plates In the European Union, vehicles have white or yellow licence plates. The format is the same for all vehicles. There is blue strip on the left of the plate. On the blue strip is the EU symbol of 12 yellow stars and the country code of the state in which the vehicle was registered. The letters on the plate are black and the background is white or reflective yellow. The registration identifier is a numerical or alphanumerical code that uniquely identifies the vehicle. Plates are usually fixed directly to a vehicle or to a plate frame that is fixed to the vehicle.
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Vocabulary alphanumerical [ˈælfənjuːˈmɛrɪkəl] abecedně-číselný frame [freɪm] rám identifier [aɪˈdɛntɪˌfaɪ] - identifikátor licence plate [ˈlaɪsəns pleɪt] – poznávací značka numerical [njuːˈmɛrɪkəl] – číselný reflective [rɪˈflɛktɪv] - reflexní register [ˈrɛdʒɪstə] – registrovat strip [strip] - pruh uniquely [juːˈnikli] – specificky, jediněčně vehicles [ˈviːɪkəl] - vozidlo
A Dialogue Police officer pulls a car over for having a broken brake light: Driver rolls down Windows Driver: Good afternoon, officer. Police officer: Good afternoon, sir. Can I see your driver’s license and passport please? Driver: Here. Police officer: Thank you, sir. Police checks documents Police officer: Sir, I pulled you over today because your brake light seems to be broken. Driver: Oh, I forgot to fix that.
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Police officer: I’m sorry, but I must give you a fine. Would you like to pay now or pay through the post? Driver: I’ll pay now.
Exercise Make true sentences about driving offences and penalties in our country. Use have to or may / might and these expressions. go to prison pay a fine lose your licence take a driving test get penalty points on your licence wear seatbelts
1. If you are in a non-stopping area, you ___________________. 2. If you drink and drive, you _____________________. 3. If you exceed the speed limit, you ___________________. 4. If you want to drive, you __________________. 5. All your passengers ___________________. 6. If you cause an accident by dangerous driving, you ____________________.
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5 ALIEN POLICE SERVICE The remit of the Alien Police Service in particular includes duties arising from the Act of the Residence of Foreign Nationals in the Czech Republic as well as carrying out other tasks under international treaties and European Community law. The Alien Police has branches all over the country. Tasks include: detection of illegal migration, enforcement of the law against Aliens living illegally in the Czech Republic, detection of cross-border crime and crime related to crossing of the state border. Inland, the Alien Police members control the legality of alien stay, detect – within their powers – counterfeit, doctored and misused documents and assist in protecting internal order and security. The Alien Police has powers to protect the state border. The Czech Republic is now inside the Schengen Area, so Alien Police members act to directly protect the state border only when the border is temporarily restored for security reason.
Vocabulary branch [brɑntʃ] – pracoviště, oddělení carry out [ˈkærɪ] – splnit, uskutečnit counterfeit [ˈkaʊntəfɪt] – padělaný detection [dɪˈtɛkʃən] – odhalování doctored [ˈdɒktəret] – pozměněný, zfalšovaný enforcement of the law [inˈfɔːsmen] – uplatňování zákonných opatření in particular [in pəˈtɪkjʊlə] – zejména internal [ɪnˈtɜːnəl] - vnitřní misused [ˌmɪsˈjuːst] – zneužitý, nesprávně použitý remit [rɪˈmɪt] – kompetence, působnost restore [rɪˈstɔː] - obnovit the Act of the Residence of Foreign Nationals in the Czech Republic – zákon o pobytu cizinců na území české republiky
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the Schengen Area – schengenský prostor
5.1 Foreigners in the Czech Republic An invitation to the Czech Republic, which is verified by an Alien Police inspectorate, is a document providing the obligation of inviting a person to cover for the needs of the invited foreigner related to: his/her subsistence for the period of their stay in the CR up to their departure, his/her accommodation for the period of their stay in the CR up to their departure, medical care for the period of their stay in the CR up to their departure, potentially including costs of transportation of the patient, or the deceased, his/her stay in the CR up to their departure In a short stay invitation, the inviting person may declare to cover all costs related to the stay of the invited individual or to cover costs related to accommodation only. Invitation forms are available at those Alien Police inspectorates which verify such invitations. The Alien Police inspectorates will verify the invitation within 7 days after its acceptance.
Vocabulary acceptance [əkˈsɛptəns] - přijetí accommodation [əkˌ ɒməˈdeɪʃən]- ubytování Alien Police [ˈeɪlɪən] – Služba cizinecké policie deceased [dɪˈsi:st] – zesnulý/zemřelý declare [dɪˈklɛə] – prohlásit invitation [ ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən] – pozvánka
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obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃən] - povinnost/závazek patient [ˈpeɪʃənt] - pacient subsistence [səbˈsɪstəns]– existenční/životní minimum verify [ˈvɛrɪˌfaɪ] – ověřený
A Dialogue At the airport passport control: Police officer: Good afternoon, may I see your passport please? American traveller: Hi, here you are. Police officer: The passport picture doesn’t look like you, sir. Why is that? American traveller: Oh, it’s because I got a haircut right before I left and I’m wearing contacts now. Police officer: Ok, that’s fine. Are you here for business or pleasure? American traveller: I’m here for business. Police officer: How long will you be staying? American traveller: Two weeks. Police officer: Everything seems to be in order. Enjoy your stay in the Czech Republic. American traveller: Thank you, goodbye.
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5.2 Application forms 5.2.1 Application for the European Union Citizen and their family members
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5.2.2 Application for permanent residence permit
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5.2.3 Application for Czech Visa
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5.2.4 Letter of invitation
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6 CRIMINAL POLICE AND INVESTIGATION SERVICE The mission of police officers assigned to the Criminal Police and Investigation Service is to investigate circumstances pointing to a potential crime, the merits of which are described in the Criminal Code, and to establish the identity of the perpetrator. In doing so, they proceed in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure and perform the tasks of the police authority in the criminal procedure. Their duty is to detect crime, if it is concealed, and based on their own findings, produce criminal reports and other information to verify all suspicions of committing of a crime. They are also active in preventing crime. Criminalists typically specialise either in the investigation of common crime, which includes, among other things, crimes against the life or health of persons, property or freedom and human dignity; or white collar crime, which includes, currency, economic or tax fraud. Criminalists also specialise either in operative search activity or in the actual process of criminal procedure.
Vocabulary assigned [əˈsaɪni:d] – přidělený, zařazený circumstance [ˈsɜːkəmstəns] – okolnost commit [kəˈmɪt] – spáchat common crime [ˈkɒmən] [kraim] – obecná kriminalita concealed [kənˈsiːld] – skrytý detect [dɪˈtɛkt] – odhalit dignity [ˈdɪgnɪtɪ] – důstojnost fraud [frɔːd] - podvod in accordance with [in əˈkɔːdəns wɪθ] – v souladu s; podle in the criminal procedure [ˈkrɪmɪnəl] [prəˈsiːdʒə] – v trestním řízení merit [ˈmɛrɪt] - podstata pointing [ˈpɔɪntɪŋ] – směřování perpetrator [ˈpɜːpɪˌtreɪtə] – pachatel 24
prevent [prɪˈvɛnt] – předcházet suspicion [səˈspɪʃən] - podezření the Criminal Code [ˈkrɪmɪnəl] [kəʊd] – trestní zákon verify[ˈvɛrɪˌfaɪ] – prověřit white collar crime [waɪt] [ˈkɒlə] [kraɪm] – hospodářská kriminalita
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7 CRIME Vocabulary arson [ˈɑːsə n] – žhářství arsonist [ˈɑːsə nist] - žhář attacker [ˈətækər] – útočník bail [beɪl] – kauce batter someone [ˈbæter] – zbít někoho beat [biːt] – bít; tlouci bind [baɪnd] - spoutat blackmail [ˈblækˌmeɪl] – vydírání blackmailer[ˈblækˌmeɪlər] – vyděrač burglary / Break in [ˈbɜːglərɪ] / [breɪk] – vloupání charge sb. with sth. [tʃɑːdʒ] – obvinit někoho z něčeho community service [kəˈmjuːnɪtɪ] [ˈsɜːvis]– veřejně prospěšné práce combating / fighting crime [ˈkɒmbætiŋ] / [ˈfaitiŋ] [kraim] – potírání kriminality convicted [kənˈvɪktid] – odsouzený coruption [kəˈrʌpʃən] - korupce counterfeiter [ˈkaʊntəfɪtər] - padělatel counterfeiting [ˈkaʊntəfɪtiŋ] – padělání crime [kraim] – zločin; trestný čin criminal [ˈkriminal] – kriminální; zločinec; pachatel crime prevention [kraim] [prɪˈvɛnʃən] – prevence kriminality crime victims [kraim] [ˈvɪktɪms] – oběti trestných činů custody [ˈkʌstədɪ] – soudní vazba death sentence [dɛθ] [ˈsɛntəns] – trest smrti delict [dɪˈlɪkt] – delikt, přestupek eyewitness [ˈaɪˌwɪtnɪs] – očitý svědek fight [faɪt] – bojovat 26
firearms [ˈfaɪərˌɑːm] – střelné zbraně fraud [frɔːd] – podvod forbidden [fəˈbɪdə n] – zakázaný go on the rampage [ˈræmpeɪdʒ] – dělat výtržnosti gun down [gʌn] [daun] – odstřelit / zastřelit hand gun [hænd] [gʌn] – ruční střelná zbraň homicide [ˈhɒmɪˌsaɪd] – vražda; zabití hostage taking [ˈhɒstɪdʒ] – vzetí rukojmích hostage[ˈhɒstɪdʒ] – rukojmí joyriding [ˈdʒɔɪraidiŋ] – jízda v kradeném autě kidnapper [ˈkɪdnɛpər] – únosce kidnapping [ˈkɪdnɛpiŋ] – únos killer [ˈkɪlər] – vrah larceny[ˈlaːəni] – právnicky krádež life sentence [laif] [ˈsɛntəns] – doživotní trest murder [ˈmɜːdə] – vražda murderer[ˈmɜːdərər] – vrah peculation [ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃn] – zpronevěra (peněz) petty crime [ˈpɛtɪ] – méně závažný trestný čin pickpocketing [ˈpɪkpɒkɪtɪŋ] – kapesní krádež pimping [pimp] – kuplířství pimp [pimpiŋ] – kuplíř; pasák prostitution [ˌprɒstɪˈtjuːʃn] – prostituce prostitute[ˈprɒstɪtjuːt] – prostitutka put up a fight [pʊt ʌp] – postavit se na odpor question [ˈkwɛstʃən] - vyslýchat rape [reip] – znásilnění rapist [ˈreipist] – násilník 27
riot [ˈraɪət] – výtržnost; nepokoj robbery [ˈrɒbərɪ] – loupež robber [ˈrɒbər] – lupič shoplifting [ˈʃɒplɪftɪŋ] – krádež v obchodě shoot [ʃuːt] – zastřelit; střílet skyjacking [ˈskaɪˌdʒækɪŋ] – únos letadla skyjacker[ˈskaɪˌdʒækər] – únosce letadla smuggling [ˈsmʌglɪŋ] – pašování smuggler [ˈsmʌglɪŋər] – pašerák stab someone [stæb] – bodnout někoho stealing [stiːlɪŋ] – kradení suspect [ˈsʌspɛkt] – podezřelý swindler / confidence man [ˈswɪndlər] / [ˈkɒnfɪdəns] - podvodník theft [θɛft] - krádež thief [θiːf] – zloděj trial [ˈtraiəl] – soud vandalism [ˈvændəˌlɪzəm] – vandalismus vandal [ˈvændəl] – vandal victim [ˈvɪktɪm] - oběť violence [ˈvaɪələns] – násilí; násilný čin violent [ˈvaɪələnt] – násilný
Exercise Match the crimes on the left with the definition on the right: 1. murder
a) lying to the court
2. rape
b) attacking someone to steal from them
3. burglary
c) stealing things in a shop
4. manslaughter
d) killing someone intentionally 28
5. blackmail
e) forcing a woman or a man to have a sex
6. mugging
f) breaking into a house and stealing
7. assault
g) killing someone by accident
8. shoplifting
h) stealing from a person or a place
9. bribery
i) hitting another person deliberately
10. kidnapping
j) offering or accepting money for doing something dishonest
11. perjury k) making a person pay money under threat of secret or dangerous information being leaked 12. robbery 13. forgery
l) capturing a person and demanding ransom for their safe return m) bringing goods into the country illegally
14. smuggling n) taking control of an occupied car, plane or boat by force 15. hijacking o) making illegal copies of paintings, copyrighted documents etc.
Use the verbs to complete the story: suspected
convicted
charged
questioned
heard
arrested
A few months ago Jim was _____________ by the police, who _____________ him of being involved in a robbery at a local post office. He had been _____________ previously of petty crime, but never anything serious. The police _____________ him for several hours and finally ___________ him with robbery. A few weeks later he got a letter saying that he had to appear in court the following month when his case would be ____________.
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8 LAW Vocabulary “Innocent until proven guilty" accusation [ˈækjʊˈzeɪʃən]- obvinění an out-of-court settlement [ˈsɛtəlmənt] – mimosoudní vyrovnání appeal [əˈpiːl] – odvolání appeal against sentence [əˈpiːl] [əˈgeɪnst] [ˈsɛntəns] – odvolat se proti rozsudku bail [beɪl] – kauce be under / on oath [əʊθ] – být pod přísahou call sb in evidence [ˈɛvɪdəns] – předvolat koho jako svědka charge [tʃɑːdʒ] – žaloba; obvinit; obžalovat convict [kənˈvɪkt] – uznat vinným; usvědčit; odsouzený court [kɔːt] – soud courtroom[ˈkɔːtruːm] court proceeding [kɔːt] [prəˈsiːdɪŋ] – soudní řízení;jednání criminal proceedings [ˈkrɪmɪnl] [prəˈsiːdɪŋs] – trestní řízení custody [ˈkʌstədɪ] – zadržení; vazba defend [dɪˈfɛnd] – obhajovat enforce the law [ɪnˈfɔːs] [lɔː] - uvést zákon v pořádek files [fail] - spisy file / bring a suit [fail] / [brɪŋ] [suːt] – podat žalobu guilty [ˈgɪltɪ] – vinný homicide squad [ˈhɒmɪˌsaɪd] [skwɒd] – oddělení vražd identify [aiˈdentifai] – identifikovat innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] – nevinný interrogation [ɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən] – výslech; vyslýchání law and order [lɔː] [ˈoːdə] – zákon a pořádek 30
law enforcement [lɔː] – prosazování zákona; vymáhání práva legal system [ˈliːgəl ˈsɪstəm] mitigate sentence [ˈsɛntəns] – zmírnit rozsudek offender [əˈfɛndər] – pachatel; delikvent (on) probation [prəˈbeɪʃən] – na zkušební dobu plead guilty [pliːd] [ˈgɪltɪ] – přiznat vinu prosecute [ˈprɒsɪˌkjuːt] – soudně stíhat proceeding [prəˈsiːdɪŋ] – řízení prosecution [ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃən] – prokuratura; státní zastupitelství prosecuting counsel [ˈprɒsɪˌkjuːtɪŋ] [ˈkaʊnsəl] – státní zástupce release [rɪˈliːs]– propustit bez podání obžaloby sentence [ˈsɛntəns] – odsoudit suit [sjuːt/suːt] – soudní proces; soudní řízení; žaloba sue someone [sjuː/suː] – žalovat někoho suspect [ˈsʌspɛkt] – podezřelá osoba testimony [ˈtɛstɪmənɪ]– svědectví trial [ˈtraiəl] – přelíčení; soudní proces warrant [ˈwɒrənt] – zatykač / příkaz k domovní prohlídce
accused [əˈkjuːzd] – obžalovaný, obviněný attorney [əˈtɜːnɪ] - úřední profesní označení pro ustanoveného advokáta v AE barrister [ˈbærɪstə] - obhájce / advokát; jsou povoláváni, jestliže se jedná o právní zastupování před soudem vyšší instance defence [dɪˈfɛns] – obhajoba judge [dʒʌdʒ] – soudce jury [ˈdʒuəri] – porota; soudcovský sbor lawyer [ˈlɔːjər] – advokát / právní zástupce magistrate [ˈmædʒɪˌstreɪt] – úředník se soudní pravomocí solicitor [səˈlɪsɪtə] – úřední profesní označení pro ustanoveného advokáta v BE 31
witness [ˈwɪtnɪs] – svědek felony [ˈfɛlənɪ] – (těžký / hrdelní) zločin homicide [ˈhɒmɪˌsaɪd] – zabití; vražda manslaughter [ˈmænˌslɔːtə] – zabití misdemeanour [ˌmisdiˈmiːtər] – přestupek; přečin; poklesek murder [ˈmɜːdə] – vražda offence [əˈfɛns] – přestupek; trestný čin violent crime [ˈvaɪələnt] [kraim] – násilná trestná činnost community service [kəˈmjuːnɪtɪ] [ˈsəːvis] – veřejné práce death penalty [dɛθ] [ˈpɛnəltɪ] – trest smrti fine [fain] – pokuta house arrest / home detention / home confinement / [haʊs əˈrɛst] / [həʊm dɪˈtɛnʃən] / [həʊm kənˈfaɪnmənt] – domácí vězení jail [dʒeɪl] – vězení; vězení life sentence [ˈsɛntəns] – odsouzen k doživotí penalty [ˈpɛnəltɪ] – trest prison sentence [ˈprɪzə n] [ˈsɛntəns] – trest odnětí svobody prison [ˈprɪzə n] – vězení; věznice punishment [ˈpʌnɪʃmənt] – trest; potrestání short jail sentence [ʃɔːt] [dʒeɪl] [ˈsɛntəns] – krátkodobý trest
Exercise Use the verbs to complete the story: defend
committed
pleaded
identified
sentenced
called
Jim hired the best lawyer he could find to _____________ him. He _____________ not guilty. When he was _____________ to give evidence, he said he had been somewhere else over 100milles away when the crime _____________ . Unfortunately for Jim, three
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witnesses _____________ him as the man they had seen at the scene of the crime. He was found guilty and ____________ to three years in prison.
Match the following people to their roles in court: 1. solicitor
a) finds the accused guilty or not to guilty after having heard the details
of the case 2. jury
b) gives evidence for the defence or the prosecution during a trial
3. judge
c) helps the barrister prepare the case and gives legal advice
4. barrister
d) takes the role of judge and jury in a court for minor offences
5. accused
e) directs the trial and decides on the sentence following the jury’s
decision 6. witness
f) argues the case for or against the accused and questions the witnesses
7. magistrate g) pleads guilty or not guilty as charge
Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D: 1. He was arrested and ______________ with drug trafficking. A. accused
B. blamed
C. charged
D. sentence
2. The jury found him not _____________, and he was acquitted of forgery. A. wrong
B. guilty
C. innocent
D. punished
3. The judge asked Mrs. Beale to the witness stand to give _______________. A. truth
B. statement
C. testimony
D. evidence
C. barrister
D. attorney
4. Which of the following is not a lawyer? A. defendant
B. solicitor
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5. The verdict is not surprising. A five-year prison ______________ is just what he deserves. A. execution
B. sentence
C. punishment
D. stay
6. The ___________ pleaded not guilty at the beginning of the trial. A. defendant B. judge
C. prosecution
D. prisoner
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DALŠÍ ZDROJE Použitá literatura: Vyhláška MVČR č. 460/2008 Sb. o způsobu vnějšího označení, služebních stejnokrojích a zvláštním barevném provedení a označení služebních vozidel, plavidel a letadel Policie České republiky a o prokazování příslušnosti k Policii České republiky, ve znění Vyhlášky č. 1/2001. Belán, J.: Vocabulary practise. Cvičebnice anglické slovní zásoby. Brno 2006, 199 s. Kol. autorů: Policie České republiky. Praha 2010, 81 s. Patočková, N. a kol.: Angličtina pro policejní praxi. Plzeň 2010, 285 s. http://www.policie.cz/docDetail.aspx?docid=21563997&doctype=ART (dne 4. 2. 2011) http://electronicvillage.blogspot.com/2010/05/taser-autopsy-hatchel-pateadams-iii.html (dne 15. 5. 2011) http://www.noorullah.info/missionaries-arrested-dearborn-festival (dne 15. 5. 2011) http://www.tbotech.com/police-batons.htm (dne 15. 5. 2011)
Webové odkazy Prezentace Fotografie Videa Cvičení Monografie
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