LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1. Foto setiap produk hasil ekstrusi
Gambar 18. Produk berdasarkan kode
28
Lampiran 2. Foto produk hasil ekstrusi
Gambar 19. Foto produk berdasarkan perlakuan pre-conditioner dan kadar gandum utuh
Gambar 20. Foto produk berdasarkan kecepatan ulir
29
Lampiran 3. Hasil analisis kadar air Tabel 6. Data analisis kadar air
Berat Cawan (g)
Ulangan I Berat Cawan Berat dan Sampel Sampel (g) Kering (g)
Berat Cawan (g)
Ulangan 2 Berat Cawan Berat dan Sampel Sampel (g) Kering(g)
Kadar air (%)
3.8852
43.9980
2.0021
45.9223
3.8859
Kadar air ratarata (%) 3.8855
Kadar air (%)
001
53.3696
2.0205
55.3116
002
43.9975
2.0139
45.9331
3.8880
48.5203
2.0112
50.4533
3.8882
3.8881
003
43.2176
2.029
45.1677
3.8886
49.5424
2.0248
51.4885
3.8868
3.8877
011
44.6929
2.0275
46.6417
3.8816
49.5412
2.0042
51.4675
3.8868
3.8842
012
39.8375
2.0399
41.7982
3.8825
44.6923
1.9983
46.6129
3.8883
3.8854
013
49.5421
2.0019
51.4662
3.8863
43.9980
2.0048
45.9249
3.8857
3.8860
101
40.1188
2.0084
42.0491
3.8887
49.5419
2.0009
51.4650
3.8883
3.8885
102
41.5858
2.004
43.5119
3.8872
43.2178
2.0102
45.1499
3.8852
3.8862
103
48.5205
2.0152
50.4574
3.8855
39.8377
1.9987
41.7587
3.8875
3.8865
111
51.7007
2.0164
53.6388
3.8832
51.7004
2.0074
53.6298
3.8856
3.8844
112
41.5845
1.9979
43.5048
3.8841
51.7033
2.0002
53.6258
3.8846
3.8843
113
53.3692
2.0169
55.3077
3.8872
43.2175
2.0191
45.1581
3.8879
3.8875
201
49.541
2.0125
51.4753
3.8857
39.3877
2.0008
41.3107
3.8884
3.8871
202
48.5198
2.004
50.4459
3.8872
39.8822
2.0169
41.8207
3.8872
3.8872
203
39.8386
2.0116
41.772
3.8875
44.6936
2.0002
46.6161
3.8846
3.8860
211
44.6937
2.0435
46.6578
3.8855
43.9977
2.0227
45.9418
3.8859
3.8857
212
43.9982
2.0668
45.9847
3.8852
51.7012
2.0092
53.6323
3.8871
3.8862
213
51.7032
2.0089
53.634
3.8877
48.5183
2.0027
50.4432
3.8848
3.8862
Kode
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 Kadar Air = = = 3.8852 % Rata-rata = = = 3.8855 %
30
Lampiran 4. Hasil analisis derajat gelatinisasi Tabel 7. Data analisis derajat gelatinisasi
Absorbansi sampel
Ulangan 1 Absorbansi sampel dengan NaOH
Absorbansi sampel
Ulangan 2 Absorbansi sampel dengan NaOH
Derajat Gelatinisasi (%)
Derajat Gelatinisasi (%)
Rata-Rata Derajat Gelatinisasi
001
0.473
0.487
002
9.7125
0.48
0.482
9.9585
9.8355
0.482
003
0.486
9.9177
0.478
0.49
9.7551
9.8364
011
0.486
0.49
9.9184
0.48
0.488
9.8361
9.8772
012
0.568
0.495
11.4747
0.569
0.49
11.6122
11.5435
0.59
0.489
12.0654
0.584
0.498
11.7269
11.8962
013
0.628
0.498
12.6104
0.632
0.487
12.9774
12.7939
101
0.48
0.496
9.6774
0.474
0.489
9.6933
9.6853
102
0.471
0.481
9.7921
0.473
0.486
9.7325
9.7623
103
0.481
0.485
9.9175
0.483
0.489
9.8773
9.8974
111
0.581
0.512
11.3477
0.586
0.508
11.5354
11.4415
112
0.61
0.507
12.0316
0.605
0.506
11.9565
11.9940
113
0.621
0.503
12.3459
0.612
0.482
12.6971
12.5215
201
0.685
0.502
13.6454
0.683
0.498
13.7149
13.6801
202
0.69
0.507
13.6095
0.697
0.497
14.0241
13.8168
203
0.735
0.495
14.8485
0.695
0.486
14.3004
14.5744
211
0.746
0.527
14.1556
0.745
0.525
14.1905
14.1730
212
0.734
0.493
14.8884
0.735
0.502
14.6414
14.7649
213
0.783
0.5
15.6600
0.775
0.507
15.2860
15.4730
Kode
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 ( pengenceran sampel + NaOH = 10 kali ) Derajat Gelatinisasi = = = 9.7125 % Rata-rata = = = 9.8355 %
31
Lampiran 5. Hasil analisis Water Solubility Index (WSI) Tabel 8. Data analisis Water Solubility Index (WSI) Ulangan 1 Kode
W cawan kosong (g)
Ulangan 2
W cawan dan residu (g)
WSI (g/ml)
W cawan kosong (g)
W cawan dan residu (g)
WSI (g/ml)
Ratarata WSI (g/ml)
001
42.0535
42.0635
0.0050
52.6220
52.6324
0.0052
0.0051
002
42.6587
42.6698
0.0055
39.2182
39.2288
0.0053
0.0054
003
52.6170
52.6284
0.0057
42.6569
42.6685
0.0058
0.0058
011
41.1836
41.1962
0.0063
42.7583
42.7711
0.0064
0.0063
012
52.1514
52.1670
0.0078
41.1829
41.1973
0.0072
0.0075
013
39.2172
39.2354
0.0091
39.2175
39.2365
0.0095
0.0093
101
53.1896
53.2016
0.0060
42.7568
42.7684
0.0058
0.0059
102
37.9216
37.9343
0.0064
42.0571
42.0698
0.0064
0.0064
103
53.1864
53.1995
0.0066
37.9221
37.9347
0.0063
0.0064
111
39.2177
39.2309
0.0066
42.0539
42.0673
0.0067
0.0067
112
52.1519
52.1654
0.0068
45.1819
45.1954
0.0068
0.0068
113
37.9217
37.9363
0.0073
44.8927
44.9067
0.0070
0.0072
201
45.7661
45.7783
0.0061
45.7657
45.7779
0.0061
0.0061
202
42.7575
42.7702
0.0064
52.1513
52.1640
0.0064
0.0064
203
41.1852
41.2013
0.0081
51.1404
51.1560
0.0078
0.0079
211
45.1018
45.1179
0.0081
37.9219
37.9381
0.0081
0.0081
212
51.1392
51.1566
0.0087
52.1516
52.1688
0.0086
0.0086
213
44.6288
44.6482
0.0097
44.6300
44.6486
0.0093
0.0095
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 ( Volume yang dikeringkan = 2 ml ) WSI
=
= = 0.0050 g/ml Rata-rata = = = 0.0051 g/ml
32
Lampiran 6. Hasil analisis Water Absorption Index (WAI) Tabel 9. Data analisis Water Absorption Index (WAI) 1
2
W tabung dan residu (g)
W tabung dan sampel (g)
WAI (ml/g)
W tabung dan residu (g)
W tabung dan sampel (g)
W sampel (g)
W sampel (g)
WAI (ml/g)
WAI ratarata (ml/g)
001
14.2980
11.7638
002
0.5080
4.9886
14.2738
11.7193
0.5030
5.0785
5.0336
14.2479
003
14.0606
11.7632
0.4921
5.0492
14.2550
11.6670
0.5006
5.1698
5.1095
11.5842
0.5030
4.9233
14.1007
11.4715
0.4988
5.2711
5.0972
011
14.2618
11.6466
0.4969
5.2630
14.3280
11.8114
0.5046
4.9873
5.1252
012
14.2864
11.6761
0.4961
5.2616
14.2927
11.6808
0.5002
5.2217
5.2417
013
14.4278
11.6394
0.5100
5.4675
14.4043
11.6789
0.5018
5.4312
5.4493
101
14.5327
11.9023
0.5181
5.0770
14.2785
11.6085
0.5022
5.3166
5.1968
102
14.2683
11.7550
0.4985
5.0417
14.2928
11.6112
0.5073
5.2860
5.1639
103
14.2052
11.6335
0.5291
4.8605
14.3217
11.8314
0.5064
4.9177
4.8891
111
14.1818
11.6052
0.4958
5.1969
14.2327
11.6624
0.5048
5.0917
5.1443
112
14.5519
11.9553
0.5002
5.1911
14.1849
11.7676
0.4919
4.9142
5.0527
113
14.2510
11.6460
0.5058
5.1503
14.2658
11.6849
0.5160
5.0017
5.0760
201
14.6046
11.9185
0.5269
5.0979
14.5729
11.9095
0.5129
5.1928
5.1454
202
14.1792
11.7957
0.5048
4.7217
14.4280
11.9515
0.4964
4.9889
4.8553
203
14.1856
11.6756
0.5002
5.0180
14.5253
11.8966
0.5054
5.2012
5.1096
211
14.4077
11.8685
0.5054
5.0241
14.1126
11.5931
0.5218
4.8285
4.9263
212
14.4529
11.6724
0.5309
5.2373
14.2748
11.6115
0.4948
5.3826
5.3100
213
14.2317
11.6134
0.5068
5.1663
14.5324
11.9484
0.4767
5.4206
5.2935
Kode
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 WAI
=
= = 4.9886 ml/g Rata-rata = = = 5.0336 ml/g
33
Lampiran 7. Hasil analisis bulk density Tabel 10. Data analisis bulk density
W (g)
V (ml)
ρ(g/ml)
W (g)
V (ml)
ρ(g/ml)
W (g)
V (ml)
ρ(g/ml)
Berat Jenis Rata-Rata (g/ml)
001
0.5603
6
0.0934
0.6129
7
0.0876
0.6227
8
0.0778
0.0863
002
0.6023
7
0.0860
0.5821
7
0.0832
0.6220
7.5
0.0829
0.0840
003
0.5676
6
0.0946
0.5534
7
0.0791
0.5928
7
0.0847
0.0861
011
0.7221
9.5
0.0760
0.6571
8
0.0821
0.6444
8
0.0806
0.0796
012
0.5190
6
0.0865
0.6720
9
0.0747
0.6270
8
0.0784
0.0798
013
0.6074
7.5
0.0810
0.6289
8
0.0786
0.5580
7
0.0797
0.0798
101
0.4664
5
0.0933
0.5431
6
0.0905
0.5636
6.5
0.0867
0.0902
102
0.6329
7
0.0904
0.6183
7.5
0.0824
0.6760
9
0.0751
0.0827
103
0.5912
7
0.0845
0.6174
7.5
0.0823
0.6761
8.5
0.0795
0.0821
111
0.6456
8
0.0807
0.6232
7
0.0890
0.5761
7
0.0823
0.0840
112
0.6055
7
0.0865
0.5699
7.5
0.0760
0.6248
7.5
0.0833
0.0819
113
0.6688
8
0.0836
0.6431
8.5
0.0757
0.6551
8
0.0819
0.0804
201
0.6267
5.5
0.1139
0.4973
4.5
0.1105
0.5359
6
0.0893
0.1046
202
0.5799
5.5
0.1054
0.6542
6.5
0.1006
0.6382
6.5
0.0982
0.1014
203
0.6740
8
0.0843
0.6316
6.5
0.0972
0.5990
6
0.0998
0.0938
211
0.5904
5.5
0.1073
0.6656
7.5
0.0887
0.5907
7
0.0844
0.0935
212
0.6539
8
0.0817
0.6112
7
0.0873
0.6592
7
0.0942
0.0877
213
0.6920
8.5
0.0814
0.6517
7
0.0931
0.6195
7
0.0885
0.0877
Ulangan 1 Kode
Ulangan 2
Ulangan 3
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 Bulk density =
= = 0.0934 g/ml Rata-rata = = = 0.0863 ml/g
34
Lampiran 8. Hasil analisis derajat pengembangan dan panjang Tabel 11. Data analisis derajat pengembangan dan panjang
diameter (mm)
rata-rata diameter (mm)
Kode
rata-rata derajat pengembangan (%)
1
2
3
ratarata panjang (mm)
panjang (mm)
1
2
3
001
20.93
20.49
21.2
20.87
417.47
18.56
19.2
21.4
19.72
002
20.3
20.9
20.87
20.69
413.80
21.12
25.56
20.9
22.53
003
20.83
20.05
18.45
19.78
395.53
24.14
23.27
24.6
24.00
011
21.06
21
21.4
21.15
423.07
22.75
22.35
22.47
22.52
012
20.13
19.65
19.23
19.67
393.40
23.03
23.25
21.64
22.64
013
19.57
19.19
20
19.59
391.73
24.36
25.27
23.7
24.44
101
19.89
20.86
20.85
20.53
410.67
21.28
19.26
22.13
20.89
102
20.13
20.51
19.88
20.17
403.47
25.07
23.5
22.02
23.53
103
19.41
19.54
19.89
19.61
392.27
24.33
24.13
23.89
24.12
111
20.15
20.55
20.16
20.29
405.73
22.1
23.06
22.4
22.52
112
19.85
19.58
19.62
19.68
393.67
26.2
23.2
23.62
24.34
113
19.41
19.89
19.42
19.57
391.47
24.85
27.8
24.08
25.58
201
20.79
20.88
20.03
20.57
411.33
18.6
18.72
23.37
20.23
202
19.85
21.1
20.49
20.48
409.60
20.04
25.3
22.22
22.52
203
19.37
19.53
19.17
19.36
387.13
24.34
25.53
24.43
24.77
211
19.66
20.49
20.61
20.25
405.07
24.8
24.01
24.03
24.28
212
20.6
19.69
20.5
20.26
405.27
25.51
24.41
23.12
24.35
213
19.14
19.49
19.33
19.32
386.40
24.83
24.6
26.23
25.22
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 ( Diameter die = 5 mm) Rata-rata diameter
= = = 20.87 mm
Derajat pengembangan =
= = 417.47 % Rata-rata panjang
= = = 19.72 mm
35
Lampiran 9. Hasil analisis tekstur (kekerasan) Tabel 12. Data analisis tekstur
Kekerasan (kg)
Kode
Rata-rata kekerasan (kg)
1
2
3
4
5
001
19.530
19.868
18.710
17.875
21.158
19.428
002
23.847
23.718
24.203
21.324
24.612
23.541
003
23.466
22.462
22.839
22.507
21.579
22.571
011
32.212
31.968
30.908
27.231
32.445
30.953
012
25.561
26.331
26.627
27.786
25.966
26.454
013
34.626
32.922
32.428
32.636
30.284
32.579
101
26.238
25.937
26.464
26.878
23.437
25.791
102
20.557
22.135
22.838
23.902
23.576
22.602
103
27.257
22.676
22.084
24.273
27.915
24.841
111
25.353
25.294
27.672
25.408
23.759
25.497
112
22.443
25.298
25.853
26.744
23.811
24.830
113
28.266
28.191
28.229
30.008
27.913
28.521
201
26.379
24.980
22.037
24.058
24.659
24.423
202
30.859
28.158
31.733
31.508
30.654
30.582
203
32.903
35.173
34.266
30.872
34.755
33.594
211
25.951
25.153
25.564
26.126
24.871
25.533
212
24.722
26.539
25.226
26.474
24.908
25.574
213
31.456
31.937
28.374
28.541
26.637
29.389
Contoh perhitungan untuk kode 001 Rata-rata kekerasan = = = 19.428 kg
36
Lampiran 10. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap kadar air. Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
Model
543.711
a
6
90.618
3.209E7
.000
KadarWheat
3.409E-7
2
1.705E-7
.060
.942
Preconditioner
1.830E-5
1
1.830E-5
6.478
.016
Screwspeed
3.492E-6
2
1.746E-6
.618
.546
Error
8.472E-5
30
2.824E-6
Total
543.711
36
a. R Squared = 1.000 (Adjusted R Squared = 1.000)
37
Lampiran 11a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap derajat gelatinisasi. Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
898.009
4.260E3
.000
KadarWheat
97.479
2
48.739
231.198
.000
Preconditioner
27.165
1
27.165
128.860
.000
Screwspeed
3.908
2
1.954
9.268
.001
Error
6.324
30
.211
Total
5394.376
36
Model
5388.052
a. R Squared = .999 (Adjusted R Squared = .999)
Lampiran 11b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk derajat gelatinisasi Subset KadarWheat
N
1
2
5%
12 1.088369E1
0%
12 1.096379E1
10%
12
1.441373E1
Sig.
.672
1.000
Subset Screwspeed
N
350 rpm
12 1.172651E1
360 rpm
12 1.201178E1
370 rpm
12
Sig.
1
2
1.252292E1 .139
1.000
38
Lampiran 12a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap WSI. Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
.000
857.563
.000
KadarWheat
1.177E-5
2
5.884E-6
16.922
.000
Preconditioner
2.368E-5
1
2.368E-5
68.115
.000
Screwspeed
1.060E-5
2
5.299E-6
15.241
.000
Error
1.043E-5
30
3.477E-7
Total
.002
36
Model
.002
a. R Squared = .994 (Adjusted R Squared = .993)
Lampiran 12b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk WSI Subset KadarWheat N
1
2
5%
12 .006537
0%
12 .006571
10%
12
Sig.
.007767 .891
1.000
Subset Screwspeed N
1
350 rpm
12 .006362
360 rpm
12 .006838
370 rpm
12
Sig.
2
.007675 .058
1.000
39
Lampiran 13. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap WAI. Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
157.958
4.906E3
.000
KadarWheat
.171
2
.086
2.662
.086
Preconditioner
.182
1
.182
5.644
.024
Screwspeed
.030
2
.015
.472
.629
Error
.966
30
.032
Total
948.714
36
Model
947.748
a. R Squared = .999 (Adjusted R Squared = .999)
40
Lampiran 14a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap bulk density.
Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
.068
1.650E3
.000
KadarWheat
.002
2
.001
19.908
.000
Preconditioner
.001
1
.001
12.909
.001
Screwspeed
.000
2
6.848E-5
1.650
.203
Error
.002
48
4.151E-5
Total
.413
54
Model
.411
a. R Squared = .995 (Adjusted R Squared = .995)
Lampiran 14b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk bulk density
Subset KadarWheat N
1
0%
18 .082600
5%
18 .083542
10%
18
Sig.
2
.094778 .663
1.000
41
Lampiran 15a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap derajat pengembangan.
Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
1455685.798
1.609E4
.000
KadarWheat
398.766
2
199.383
2.204
.121
Preconditioner
344.536
1
344.536
3.809
.057
Screwspeed
4182.495
2
2091.247
23.119
.000
Error
4341.933
48
90.457
Total
8738456.720
54
Model
8.734E6
a. R Squared = 1.000 (Adjusted R Squared = .999)
Lampiran 15b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk derajat pengembangan
Subset
Screwspee d
N
1
370 rpm
18
360 rpm
18
350 rpm
18
Sig.
2
3
3.9076E2 4.0320E2 4.1222E2 1.000
1.000
1.000
42
Lampiran 16a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap panjang produk.
Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
4878.114
2.330E3
.000
9.443
2
4.721
2.255
.116
Preconditioner
30.766
1
30.766
14.694
.000
Screwspeed
80.862
2
40.431
19.311
.000
Error
100.499
48
2.094
Total
29369.181
54
Model
29268.682
KadarWheat
a. R Squared = .997 (Adjusted R Squared = .996)
Lampiran 16b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk panjang produk
Subset
Screwspee d
N
1
350 rpm
18
360 rpm
18
370 rpm
18
Sig.
2
3
21.6939 23.3172 24.6878 1.000
1.000
1.000
43
Lampiran 17a. Analisis pengaruh pre-conditioning, tingkat substitusi gandum utuh dan kecepatan ulir terhadap tekstur.
Type III Sum of Source
Squares
df
Mean Square
F
Sig.
a
6
10598.708
1.000E3
.000
KadarWheat
134.836
2
67.418
6.361
.003
Preconditioner
133.939
1
133.939
12.638
.001
Screwspeed
199.867
2
99.933
9.429
.000
Error
890.243
84
10.598
Total
64482.492
90
Model
63592.249
a. R Squared = .986 (Adjusted R Squared = .985)
Lampiran 17b. Uji lanjut Duncan untuk tekstur
Subset KadarWheat N
1
2
5%
30 2.53470E1
0%
30 2.59210E1
10%
30
2.81824E1
Sig.
.497
1.000
Subset Screwspeed N
1
2
350 rpm
30 2.52708E1
360 rpm
30 2.55971E1
370 rpm
30
Sig.
2.85825E1 .699
1.000
44
Lampiran 18. Uji korelasi BulkDensity KadarWheat
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
.185
-.208
.000
.181
.132
54
54
54
*
**
.142
.019
.006
.305
54
54
54
-.059
**
-.319
N Screwspeed
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
Diameter
**
.515
N Preconditioner
Panjang
.373
.603
-.392
**
.673
.000
.003
54
54
54
N
TingkatKekerasan KadarWheat
.238
Sig. (2-tailed)
.024
N Preconditioner
90
Pearson Correlation
.314
Sig. (2-tailed)
**
.003
N Screwspeed
*
Pearson Correlation
90
Pearson Correlation
.348
Sig. (2-tailed)
**
.001
N
90 DerajatGelatinisas WAI
KadarWheat
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
Preconditioner
i **
.055
.019
.000
.750
36
36
36
-.163
.390
.343 36
.648
*
KadarAir
**
.697
-.414
*
.325
Sig. (2-tailed)
.053
.000
.008
.012
36
36
36
36
**
.180
.180
Pearson Correlation
.134
Sig. (2-tailed)
.436
.009
.293
.292
36
36
36
36
N
.428
.435
**
Pearson Correlation
N Screwspeed
WSI
45
