Dr. YATI AFIYANTI, SKp., MN Present:

Dr. YATI AFIYANTI, SKp., MN Present:

Fakta Tentang: Kehidupan Perempuan Sedunia 

Tradisional:  Fungsi



& Peran reproduksi & produksi

Currently:  Kualitas

pengalaman hidup perempuan terkait dgn kesehatannya  Pengetahuan ttg kompleksitas & diversitas kehidupan perempuan  Health promotion, health maintenance, & health restoration across the lifespan  Kemampuan utk melakukan peran multiple

PERAN GANDA PEREMPUAN

PERAN GANDA PEREMPUAN

REPRODUKSI

PRODUKSI

Women Experiences In Research  Primary caregivers for families & friends  Motherhood is good for women?  Women’s voices with cancer

GLOBAL ISSUES IN WOMEN’S HEALTH  World

population growth  Maternal mortality  Unsafe abortion  Maternal morbidity  STDS and HIV/AIDS  Cervical Cancer  Advancing reproductive health

The Challenges of Women Health  Ketidakberdayaan/ tdk mampu  Kemiskinan  Faktor sosial & budaya  Lesbi group  Addictions & abuse  Survivors of violence  Devalued & Discriminated dari

sist.pelayanan kesehatan yg ada

Perempuan di Masyarakat  Fokus pelayanan kesehatan  Perempuan

(di masa childbearing) & kesehatan anak  Kehidupan perempuan dlm keluarganya  dipengaruhi & mempengaruhi sistem keluarga  Isu ttg perempuan: tgt kondisi/profil demografi sosial, lingkungan, & psikososial suatu negara

Seorang Ibu  “High Risk Person” The second citizen on the world, with characterize: lower education & salary than men; high-risk for getting domestic violence  Malu or tabu utk bicara tentang kondisi dirinya sendiri (cultural of silence)   kemampuan „empower‟nya utk membuat keputusan ttg kesehatan dirinya  Berisiko menjadi miskin & single support bagi keluarganya  Berisiko tinggi utk mendapatkan kematian dan komplikasi pada masa motherhood 

Penyebab Utama Kematian Perempuan Sedunia  Diseases

of the heart

 Cancer

 HIV

infection  Suicide & homicide  Chronic liver disease

Kontribusi Laki-Laki dlm Isu Permasalahan Perempuan Penyebaran infeksi HIV/AIDS  high risk pada perempuan dgn sosek rendah  Prostitusi  Dis-empowerment (t.u. pengambilan keputusan utk pemenuhan kebutuhan perempuan)  Kehamilan berisiko  Domestic violence  Lain-lain 

Richters, 1992 “Women everywhere are actively involved in working against social, cultural, racial, economic, and political discrimination. It seems as important to ask the question of „how do women stay healthy in difficult circumstances and how can we strengthen those processes as to ask the question „what makes them sick?”

Unmeet Need For Reproductive Health in the world 

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India: Family planning programme “Helping Individuals Achieve their Reproductive Intentions” (HARI) Index Netherland: STD prevention & management & infertility diagnosis & treatmentThe women’s self-help federation. South Carolina, USA: Pregnant women remain underserved Northern American: Cancer as a Health Issue Indonesia:???????

ISU MASALAH KESEHATAN PEREMPUAN DI BERBAGAI NEGARA : 3 Agenda MDGs Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger

Achieve Universal Primary Education

Promote Gender Equality & Empower Women

 Malnut

& communicable & noncommunicable diseasewomen related to poverty  Women with malnutchildren will be born prematurely  The link betw economics & women healthin Sub-Saharan Africa

 Fakta:  



Girls who are educated have better birth outcomes Women with education level advances her health & those of her families members improves (Govindasamy, 2000) The longer a girl child stays in school, the longer she delay birthing & increases the possibility of better birth outcomes (Filippi, et al, 2006)

 Begins

with birth and extend across the life

span:   

As fetuspenentuan jenis seks (Oomman & Ganatra, 2002) As a girl marriages at the early age (Ehrhardl, et al, 2009) As a women age at high risk many chronic disease



Kemampuan Perawat:  Being there  Empathy  Communication  Helping  Time  reciprocity



Being there:  Comfort  Security



Empathy:  Action/demontrated  nonjudgemental

   

Eesthetic Knowing: Verbal & Non verbal Communication  to gain information Touching  powerful way to communicate caring Support nurturance, advocacy Access to health information

 

Reciprocity Maintain or recharge the caring Help Attain health or therapeutic goals

Special Consideration of Women Health Care for WHN • Dealing with healty people implies a change in the provider-patient relationship more participatory & counseling • Dealing with More that One Client couple (women & partner or women & fetus) • Dealing Mostly with Womenmany women are still subordinated & undervalued • Dealing with Society culture, religion, & society of the women life

Building Blocks to Success • Lifting Women Out of Poverty & Education as the way Forward Empower the women • Gender inequity Cultural Approach

CULTURAL APPROACH Fundamental issue to women’s health & social outcomes:  Masalah budaya: 

Konstruksi budaya patrial  Praktik mitos & supersition selama masa perinatal  Pengaturan fertilitas 



Penyelesaian: Culturally Competent Care

CULTURALLY COMPETENT CARE Conflicts can occur with a childbearing woman and her family when traditional rituals and practices of the family’s elders do not conform with current healthcare practices.  Nurses need to be sensitive to the potential implications for the woman’s health and that of her newborn, especially after they are discharged home.  When cultural values are not part of the nursing care plan, a woman and her family may be forced to decide whether the family’s beliefs should take priority over the healthcare professional guidance 

FROM WOMEN‘S HEALTH TO GENDER MAINSTREAM INITIATIVE • Primary Health Care • Health Care • Intergrated Caring Models with Multidisiplin SELF-HELP CULTURE Women Empowerment

PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN • Robertson, 1997: ▫ “ A person is empowered when he/s believes that he/s has the authority/power to control what happens to him/herself”. • Empowerment concept for women: ▫ Self-assessment & self-care ▫ Access to the health care system

Self-Care/Assessment for Women  Self-assessment/examination

→ woman‟s ability to determine & evaluate change in her body  Self-care → how a woman provides for her health promotion needs & responds to the findings of her self-assessment  Women’s self-care → health promotion needs & disease prevention

PROMOSI KESETARAAN JENDER & PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN

KONSEP PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN

Perempuan  Subjek Penerima Pelayanan Kesehatan

PEREMPUAN YANG BERDAYA 

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 

Memiliki autoritas & kontrol ttg yg terjadi pada dirinya Menyadari hak & kewajibannya sbg istri & ibu dari anak-anaknya Mempunyai kebutuhan support dari lingk Mampu mengambil keputusan

The Role Of Women Health Nursing 

Nurses and Society:  Provide wellness for a community amidst

(ICN, 2009)  Seeking relief from poverty within community (ICN, 2009)  Provide education, support, & guidance an achieving a health  Promote advocacy & partnertships (influence the women group to relief poverty)

The Role Of Women Health Nursing 

Nursing and Organizations:  Women for Women International  Global Health Council  Global Alliance Women’s Health  International Women’s Health Coalition  International Council of Nurses  International Council on Women’s Health

Issues

Nursing’s Roles (1)  As

supporter for selfcare/assessment:  collaborative with the women when sharing information & encouraging them to be experts on what is normal for each of them

Nursing’s Roles (2)  As

primary facilitator the women’s connection to the health care system:  how to make them making choices about their health & determine the extent of the role they wish to play in their health care

Nursing’s Roles (3)  Provide

information that addresses the women’s concerns  Becoming partners in education & collaborating with each woman  Supporting the woman’s analysis of her experiences & needs  Helping in building upon her current competencies in self-care

Simpulan 

The role of WHN:  Educate society on the links among poverty,

inequality, & empowerment of women  Develop health center or small clinic  Assist women in realizing their capacity to affect change within their family & community  Make strides toward improving the variabels that affect health, poverty, education, & empowerment

References   

   

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Matteson, P.S. (2001). Women’s health during the childberaing years: A community-based approach. Philadelphia: Mosby Inc Fathaal, M.F. (2008). Sexual and reproductive health: Overview. Asslut Univ Egypt. Tyer-Viola, L & Cesario. S.K. (2010). Addressing poverty, education, and gender equality to improve the health of women wordwide. JOGNN, 39, 580-589. Sciarra, J.J. (2009). Global issues in women’s health. Inter J. Of Gyn and Obst, 104, 77-79. Hardon, A. (2003). Reproductive health care in the Netherlands: Would integration improve it? Repro Health Matters, 11(21),59-73. Ravindra, T.K. & Mishra, U.S. (2009). Unmet need for reproductive health in India. Repro Health Matters, 9(18), 105-113. McGovern.T. (2007). Building coalitions to support women’s health and rights in the USA: South Carolina and Florida. Repro Health Matters, 15(29), 119-129. Kurlmann, E. (2009). From women’s health to gender mainstreaming and back again: linking feminist agendas and new governance in healthcare. Current Sociology, 57(135), 135-154.

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