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Berdasarkan data National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, diketahui bahwa jumlah kematian tertinggi berdasarkan penyebab pada pekerja adalah penyakit jantung sebanyak 710.760 kasus, kanker 553.091 kasus dan stroke 167.661 kasus (National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity/NANA, 2003). Hasil penelitian yang sama ditunjukkan oleh penelitian Lieber (2008) dan prasurvei pada dua perusahaan di Provinsi Riau, menunjukkan bahwa penyakit degeneratif seperti hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) dan dislipidemia menjadi penyakit yang banyak dialami oleh pekerja. Salah satu pemicu terjadinya penyakit degeneratif adalah sindroma metabolik (SM). SM merupakan kumpulan faktor risiko metabolik yang berkaitan langsung dengan terjadinya penyakit degeneratif. Seseorang menderita SM apabila terdapat tiga dari lima kriteria berikut: 1) Obesitas sentral (lingkar perut ≥ 90 cm untuk pria Asia dan ≥ 80 cm untuk wanita Asia, 2) Trigliserida ≥150 mg/dl atau sedang dalam pengobatan untuk hipertrigliserida, 3) HDL-C; <40 mg/dl pada pria dan < 50 mg/dl pada wanita atau sedang dalam pengobatan untuk meningkatkan kadar HDL-C, 4) Tekanan darah: sistolik ≥130 mmHg atau diastolik ≥85 mmHg atau sedang dalam pengobatan untuk hipertensi, dan 5) Gula darah puasa (GDP) ≥100 mg/dl atau diabetes tipe-2 (O’Riordan, 2009). Prevalensi SM di dunia cenderung meningkat sekitar 10-40%. Angka ini juga merupakan sumbangan dari kejadian pada pekerja. Beberapa hasil penelitian
