PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KAPUR DAN PROTEIN ADITIF PADA BAHAN KOMPOS KOTORAN DOMBA TERHADAP KUALITAS VERMICOMPOST DAN BOBOT (:ACING TANAH
OLEH : ANITA WIDYARINI A04496017
PROGRAM STUD1 ILMU TANAH S-l JURUSAN TANAH PAKULTAS PERTANIAN INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR 2000
SUMMARY
ANITA WIDYARMI. The Effect of Lime and Additive Protein Application to Sheep Manure as Compost Substance on Vermicompost Quality and Earthworm Biomass (Supervised by DWI PUTRO TEJO BASKORO and KAMIR R.
BRATA). Decreasing of organic matter is the main cause of the decreased in physical, chemical and soil biologic condition, so that the land productivity also decreased. The decreased in organic matter can be pushed by adding organic matter into the soil using any kind of waste, such as plants, manure, etc. One of them is sheep manure. Using sheep manure to return soil organic matter in raw condition give a negative effect on plant. Because of that, sheep manure needs to be composted. Vermicomposting is a perfection of much organic waste composting technique with biotechnology, or organic waste composting with earthworm. Vermicomposting has a good prospect; beside result a very high nutrient compost, also earthworm that have a variety of usefulness and high economic value. The purpose of this research is to learn about the effect of lime and additive protein (leaves of Gliricidia maculata (H.B.K) and soybean curd sludge (SCS)) application to sheep manure as compost substance on vermicompost quality and earthworm biomass. This research was conducted in physic and soil conservation laboratory, Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agriculture University, from April to August
2000. Analysis of physical, chemical and vermicompost biological were conducted in
physic and soil conservation laboratory, student laboratory, and soil biology laboratory, Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agriculture University.
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This research used completely randomize designed experiment with 10 treatments, there are KOAO (without lime + without protein), KOAl (without lime + 5% of soybean curd sludge (SCS)), KOA2 (without lime + 10% of soybean curd sludge (SCS)), KOGl (without lime + 5% of Gliricidia sp. leaves), KOG2 (without lime
+
10% of
Gliricidia sp. leaves), KlAO (1% of lime
+
without protein),
KIAl(l% of lime + 5% of soybean curd sludge (SCS)), KIA2 (1% of lime + 10% of soybean curd sludge (SCS)), KlGl (1% of lime + 5% of Gliricidia sp. leaves) and K1G2 (1% of lime
+
10% of Gliricidia sp. leaves), with 3 repetition of each
treatment, so there were 30 sets of experiments. Observation and measurement were assigned on vermicompost dry weight and earthworm biomass, vermicompost chemical characteristics (Total-N, Organic-C, exchangeable Potassium, exchangeable Calcium, exchangeable Magnesium, CEC, available P and pH), vermicompost physical characteristic (available water) and biological characteristic (respiration rate). The result showed that earthworm weight is increasing with application of Gliricidia sp. leaves and soybean curd sludge (SCS), weather with lime or not. The
increased of earthworm biomass is higher in application soybean curd sludge (SCS) compare to Gliricidia sp. leaves, and also higher in lime application compare to treatment without lime. The application of Gliricidia sp. leaves and soybean curd sludge (SCS) on treatment with or without lime, also increased vermicompost dry weight, with the higher increased on Gliricidia sp. leaves.
The application of Gliricidia sp. leaves, soybean curd sludge (SCS) and lime increased Total- N of vermicompost. The increase of Total-N is higher on Gliricidia sp. leaves application, compared to soybean curd sludge (SCS), and also higher on lime application to without lime. Application of Gliricidia sp. leaves, soybean curd sludge (SCS) and lime decreased the C/N ratio of vermicompost. Application of lime increased vermicompost exchangeable K and Ca. On treatment without lime, is decreasing the vermicompost CEC, although the decreased is not significant, when
Gliricidia sp. leaves have increased vermicompost CEC. On lime treatment, soybean curd sludge (SCS) and Gliricidia sp. leaves have increased vermicompost CEC. Application of Gliricidia sp. leaves, soybean curd sludge (SCS) and lime have no significant effect on Organic-C, available P, Exchangeable Magnesium, pH, available water and respiration rate of vermicompost.
RINGKASAN
A N I T A WIDYARINI. Pengaruh Pernberiatl Kapur dan Protein Aditif Pada Bahan Konlpos Kotoran Do~nbaTerhadap Kualitas Vernzicorlzpost dan Bobot Cacing Tanall (di bawah bimbingan DWI PUTRO TEJO BASKORO dan K A M m R. BRATA). Menuru~ulya ballan organik tanah ~nerupakanpenyebab uta~napel1urunan kondisi fisik, kiniia dan biologis tanah, sehingga produktifitas tanah menurun. Penurunan ballall organik tanah dapat ditekan dengan tnenan~bahkanbahan organili ke dalam tanah nlelalui pemanfaatan sisa tanaman, kotoran temak, dan limbah organik lainnya. Salah satu ballan organik yang dapat dimanfaatlcan adalah kotoran domba. Pe~nanfaatankotoran domba untuk ~nengen~balikan ballan organik tanah dalam keadaan ~nentahnle~nberikanpengaruh negatif terhadap tanaman. Oleh sebab itu, kotoran donlba perlu diko~nposkanterlebih dahulu. Vernziconzposting merupakan penyempurnaan teknik pengomposan berbagai
limbah organik dengall sentuhan bioteknologi, yaitu pengonlposan limbah organik dengan bantuan cacing tanah. Vernziconzpostirzgzg me~npunyai prospek yang baik karena selain menghasilka~~lion~pos dengan kandungan hara yang tinggi, juga menghasilkan cacing yang nlenliliki variasi kegunaau dan be~llilaiekonon~istinggi. Penelitian ini be~-t~Guan ~ ~ n t umengetahui k pengaruh penlberian kapur dan n dan anlpas tahu) pada bahan konlpos kotoran do~nba protein aditif ( d a ~ ~ga~nal terhadap kualitas vernzicornpost dan bobot cacing tanah. Petlelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratoriunl Fisika dan Konservasi Tanah, Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertmian IPB, dari bulan April hingga bulan Agustus 2000.
Analisis sifat-sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi vermicompost dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika dan Konsewasi Tanah, Laboratorium Mahasiswa, dan Laboratoriuln Biologi Tanah, Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian P B . Percobaan disusun dala~nrancangan acak lengkap, yang terdiri atas sepuluh perlakuan terhadap kotoran domha, yaitu KOAO (Tanpa kapur + tanpa protein), KOA 1 (Tanpa kapur + 5% alnpas tahu), KOA2 (Tanpa kapur
+ 10% aulpas tahu), KOGI
(Tanpa kapur + 5% d a m gamal), KOG2 (Tanpa kapur + 10% daun gamal), KlAO (1% kapur + tanpa protein), K l A l (1% kapur + 5% ampas tahu), K1A2 (1% kapur + 10% anlpas tahu), K l G l (1% kapur
+ 5% daun gamal) dan K1G2 (1% kapur + 10%
daun gamal). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga terdapat 30 satuan percobaan. Penga~natandan pengukuran dilakukan terhadap bobot kering vernzicoi~zposl dan bobot cacing tanah hidup, sifat-sifat ki~niavernziconzpost (N-total, C-organik: Ptersedia, K-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, KTK dan pH), sifat fisik vernzicompost (air tersedia), dan sifat biologi vernzicompost (laju respirasi). Hasii peneiitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot cacing tanah ~neningkatdengan adanya penanlbahan daun garnal dan anlpas tahu, baik pada pemberian kapur maupun tidak. Peningkatan bobot cacing tanah lebih tinggi pada penambahan ainpas tah~l dibandingkan daun gamal, dan juga lebih tinggi pada petlambahan kapur dibandingkan tanpa kapur. Penarnbahan daun gamal dan atnpas tahu pada pemberian ltapur tnaupun tidak, juga meningkatkan bobot kering vernticonzpost, dengall peningkatan lebih tinggi pada daun garnal.
Penambahan d a m gamal, ampas tahu dan kapur meningkatkan N-total vermicompost. Peningkatan N-total lebii~ tinggi pada penambahan daun ganlal dibandingkan ampas tahu, dan juga lebih tinggi pada pemberian kapur dibandingkan tanpa kapur. Penambahan dam gamal, ampas tahu dan kapur menurunkan C/N rasio vermiconzpost. Penambahan kapur tneningkatkan K-dd dan Ca-dd ver~nicor~zpos~. Pada perlakuan tanpa kapur, atnpas tallu ~nenwunkanKTK vertnicon~post,walaupun penurunannya tidak nyata, sedangkan d a m gamal meningkatkan KTK verrnicon7post. Pada perlakuan kapur, ampas tahu dan daun gamal meningkatkan KTK vermicompost. Penambahan daun gamal, ampas tahu dan kapur tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap C-organik, P-tersedia, Mg-dd, pH, air tersedia dan respirasi vermicoinpost.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KAPUR DAN PROTEIN ADITIF PADA BAHAN KOMPOS KOTORAN DOMBA TERHADAP KUALITAS VERMICOMPOST DAN BOBOT CACING TANAH
Skripsi sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pertanian pada Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor
Oleh : ANITA WIDYARINI A04496017
Program Studi Ilmu Tanah S-1 Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor 2000
