MEDAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTRE ( ARSITEKTUR FUTURISTIK )

MEDAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTRE ( ARSITEKTUR FUTURISTIK )

LAPORAN PERANCANGAN TKA 490 - STUDIO TUGAS AKHIR SEMESTER B TAHUN AJARAN 2011/2012

Sebagai Persyaratan Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur

Oleh : TIFFANY 080406034

DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK U NI V ER SI T AS S UM ATE R A U T AR A 2012

MEDAN SCIENCE AND TECHINOLOGY CENTRE ( ARSITEKTUR FUTURISTIK )

LAPORAN PERANCANGAN TKA 490 - STUDIO TUGAS AKHIR SEMESTER B TAHUN AJARAN 2011/2012

Sebagai Persyaratan Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur

Oleh : TIFFANY 080406034

DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK U NI V ER SI T AS S UM ATE R A U T AR A 2012

MEDAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTRE ( ARSITEKTUR FUTURISTIK )

Oleh : TIFFANY 080406034

Medan, Disetujui Oleh :

Pembimbing I

Pembimbing II

Ir. Rudolf Sitorus, MLA

Yulesta Putra, ST, MT

NIP 195802241986011002

NIP 197209232002121001

Ketua Departemen Arsitektur

Ir.N.Vinky Rahman, MT. NIP. 196 60622 199702 1001

SURAT HASIL PENILAIAN PROYEK AKHIR ( SHP2A )

Nama : Tiffany NIM

: 080406034

Judul Proyek Akhir : Medan Science and Technology Centre Tema Proyek Akhir : Arsitektur Futuristik Rekapitulasi Nilai : Nilai

A

B+

B

C+

C

D

E

Dengan ini mahasiswa bersangkutan dinyatakan : W aktu No

Status

Pengumpulan Laporan

1

2

3

Paraf

Paraf Pembimbing I

Pembimbing II

Koordinator TGA - 490

LULUS LANGSUNG LULUS MELENGKAPI PERBAIKAN TANPA SIDANG PERBAIKAN

4

DENGAN SIDANG

5

TIDAK LULUS

Medan , 12 Juli 2012

Ketua Departemen Arsitektur

Ir.N.Vinky Rahman, MT. NIP. 196606221997021001

Koordinator TGA – 490

Ir.Nelson Siahaan, DIP.T.P.,M.ARCH NIP. 195811271987011001

KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadiran Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas Rahmat dan Karunia-Nya lah sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan ini tersusun tepat pada waktunya. Laporan ini berisikan penjelasan mengenai proyek Tugas Akhir dari penulis yang berjudul “Medan Science and Technology Centre“. Pada tahapan ini terdapat latar belakang , deskripsi proyek , elaborasi tema , analisa dan konsep yang akan berguna didalam perancangan bangunan. Pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesarbesarnya kepada : 

Bapak Ir. Rudolf Sitorus, M.LA selaku dosen pembimbing I atas kesabaran dan perhatiannya dalam proses asistensi, masukan-masukan, inspirasi, serta motivasi yang diberikan kepada penulis.



Bapak Yulesta Putra, ST,M.Sc selaku dosen pembimbing II atas kesabaran dan

perhatiannya

dalam

proses

asistensi,

masukan-masukan,

serta

motivasinya. 

Bapak Firman Eddy, ST,MT selaku dosen penguji atas kritikan dan masukannya.



Keluarga dan teman atas dukungan dan motivasinya.

Penulis percaya laporan yang disusun masih jauh dari sempurna. Namun dengan adanya laporan ini, semoga dapat memberikan informasi dan gambaran yang cukup jelas mengenai proyek dan

tema yang dipilih. Untuk itu penulis

mengharapkan masukan berupa kritik dan saran yang membangun demi kesempurnaan laporan ini. Semoga laporan ini berguna bagi pihak yang membutuhkan. Akhir kata penulis mengucapkan terima kasih.

Medan, 22 Juni 2012

Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... i DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ ii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ v DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. viii DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... ix BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1.

Latar belakang ......................................................................................... 1

1.2.

Maksud dan tujuan .................................................................................. 2

1.3.

Masalah perancangan ............................................................................. 3

1.4.

Pendekatan ............................................................................................. 3

1.5.

Lingkup / batasan .................................................................................... 3

1.6.

Kerangka berpikir..................................................................................... 4

1.7.

Sistematika Laporan ................................................................................ 5

BAB II DESKRIPSI PROYEK 2.1.

Tinjauan Umum ....................................................................................... 7 2.1.1. Terminologi Judul ........................................................................... 7 2.1.2. Cabang- cabang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.......................... 10 2.1.3. Lokasi ............................................................................................ 11 2.1.3.1. Kriteria Pemilihan Lokasi .................................................... 11 2.1.3.2. Lokasi Site ......................................................................... 13 2.1.3.3. Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi ................................................... 15

2.2.

Program Kegiatan .................................................................................... 17

2.3.

Kebutuhan Ruang .................................................................................... 19

2.4.

Studi Banding Proyek Sejenis .................................................................. 22 2.4.1. Gwacheon National Science Museum ............................................ 22 2.4.2. Science Centre Singapore ............................................................. 24 2.4.3. Pusat Peragaan Iptek Indonesia .................................................... 29 2.4.4. The Montshire Museum’s Science Park ......................................... 30

BAB III ELABORASI TEMA

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3.1.

Pengertian ............................................................................................... 34 3.1.1. Sejarah Futuristik ........................................................................... 34

3.2.

Interpretasi Tema ..................................................................................... 36

3.3.

Studi Banding Tema Sejenis .................................................................... 37 3.3.1. SongJiang Hotel, Shanghai ............................................................ 37 3.3.2. Lilypad .......................................................................................... 38 3.3.3. Noah’s Ark ..................................................................................... 40

BAB IV ANALISIS 4.1.

Analisis Fungsional .................................................................................. 41 4.1.1. Analisis Kapasitas Pengunjung ..................................................... 41 4.1.2. Analisis Aktivitas Pengunjung......................................................... 41 4.1.3. Program Ruang .............................................................................. 43 4.1.4. Analisis Kebutuhan Parkir .............................................................. 50 4.1.5. Persyaratan Teknis ........................................................................ 51 4.1.5.1. Fasilitas peraga/ pameran .................................................. 51 4.1.5.2. Infrastruktur ........................................................................ 52 4.1.5.3. Standar Ruang Gerak ........................................................ 52 4.1.5.4. Keamanan ......................................................................... 53 4.1.5.5. Sistem akustik .................................................................... 54 4.1.5.6. Sistem Pencahayaan ......................................................... 56 4.1.6. Analisa Sirkulasi ............................................................................. 59 4.1.7. Analisa Penzoningan ..................................................................... 62 4.1.8. Prinsip Struktur .............................................................................. 64 4.1.9. Analisa Pendukung ........................................................................ 64

4.2.

Analisis Kondisi Lingkungan .................................................................... 67 4.2.1. Analisa Lokasi ................................................................................ 67 4.2.2. Analisa Potensi Lahan ................................................................... 68 4.2.3. Analisa Tata Guna Lahan............................................................... 69 4.2.4. Analisa Intensitas Bangunan .......................................................... 70 4.2.5. Analisa Sirkulasi ............................................................................. 71 4.2.5.1. Sirkulasi Kendaraan Bermotor ........................................... 72 4.2.5.2. Sirkulasi Pejalan Kaki......................................................... 73

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4.2.6. Analisa Pencapaian ....................................................................... 74 4.2.7. Analisa Vegetasi ............................................................................ 75 4.2.8. Analisa Matahari ............................................................................ 76 4.2.9. Analisa Angin ................................................................................. 77 4.2.10. Analisa Kebisingan....................................................................... 77 4.2.11. Analisa Utilitas dan Infrastruktur ................................................... 78 4.2.12. Analisa View ................................................................................ 79 4.2.12.1. View ke luar tapak ............................................................ 79 4.2.12.2. View kedalam tapak ......................................................... 80 BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN 5.1. Penerapan tema pada bangunan .........................................................81 5.2. konsep site ...........................................................................................81 5.3. konsep zoning ......................................................................................82 5.4. konsep pencapaian ..............................................................................82 5.5. konsep sirkulasi ...................................................................................83 5.5.1. sirkulasi kendaraan didalam site .......................................................83 5.5.2. sirkulasi didalam bangunan ...............................................................83 5.6. konsep struktur ...................................................................................84 5.7. konsep sistem mekanikal dan elektrikal ...............................................85

BAB VI GAMBAR PERANCANGAN .......................................................................85

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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1.1. Kerangka Berpikir ........................................................................... 5 Gambar 2.1. Peta wilayah pengembangan pembangunan kota.......................... 12 Gambar 2.2. Peta site alternatif 1 ....................................................................... 13 Gambar 2.3. Peta site alternatif 2 ...................................................................... 14 Gambar 2.4. Peta site alternatif 3 ....................................................................... 15 Gambar 2.5. eksterior bangunan ......................................................................... 22 Gambar 2.6. Exhibit Hall dengan tinggi 32m dan luas 400m .............................. 22 Gambar 2.7. Basic Science Hall .......................................................................... 22 Gambar 2.8. Science Park for Kids ..................................................................... 23 Gambar 2.9. Advanced technology exhibit .......................................................... 23 Gambar 2.10 Traditional Science exhibit ............................................................. 23 Gambar 2.11. Observatory features .................................................................... 24 Gambar 2.12. Climate change exhibition ............................................................. 25 Gambar 2.13. Discovery Zone area..................................................................... 25 Gambar 2.14 Ecogarden ..................................................................................... 25 Gambar 2.15. Fire exhibition membahas segala sesuatu tentang api .................. 26 Gambar 2.16 Genome exhibition ......................................................................... 26 Gambar 2.17 INVENT ......................................................................................... 26 Gambar 2.18 i-Space Exhibition .......................................................................... 26 Gambar 2.19. Kinetic Garden .............................................................................. 27 Gambar 2.20. Area pameran Living with Viruses ................................................. 27 Gambar 2.21 Marine Alcove ................................................................................ 27 Gambar 2.22. Area pameran Primary Science Learning Centre .......................... 27 Gambar 2.23. SoundExhibition ............................................................................ 28 Gambar 2.24. The Mind’s Eye ............................................................................. 28 Gambar 2.25 Waterworks.................................................................................... 28 Gambar 2.26. Alat-alat peraga pada PP IPTEK TMII ........................................... 29 Gambar 2.27. puspa Iptek bandung .................................................................... 30 Gambar 2.28. Fasade museum ........................................................................... 30 Gambar 2.29. Berbagai pameran di ruang luar.................................................... 30 Gambar 3.1. La Citta Nuova (The New City), Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914 ................. 36 Gambar 3.2. Design for Station and Airport, Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914 .................. 36 Gambar 3.3. eksterior SongJiang hotel yang berada di tepi lembah .................... 37

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Gambar 3.4. eksterior SongJiang ........................................................................ 38 Gambar 3.5. lilypad ............................................................................................. 38 Gambar 3.6. lilypad ............................................................................................. 39 Gambar 3.7. lilypad ............................................................................................. 39 Gambar 3.8. lilypad ............................................................................................. 40 Gambar 3.9. bangunan konseptual Noah’s Ark ................................................... 40 Gambar 3.10. interior Noah’s Ark ........................................................................ 40 Gambar 4.1. Diagram Kegiatan Pengunjung ....................................................... 42 gambar 4.2. Diagram Kegiatan Pengelola ( Bag. Pameran) ................................ 42 gambar 4.3. Diagram Kegiatan Pengelola ( Bag. Administrasi) ........................... 42 Gambar 4.4. Diagram Kegiatan Pengelola ( Bag. Pendidikan) ............................ 42 Gambar 4.5. Diagram Kegiatan Pengelola ( Bag. Utilitas Gedung) ...................... 43 Gambar 4.6. sistem dinding ganda pada auditorium............................................ 54 Gambar 4.7. sistem dinding belakang panggung ................................................. 55 Gambar 4.8. sistem plafon bertrap ...................................................................... 56 Gambar 4.9. skema kedalaman balkon ............................................................... 56 Gambar 4.10. Teknik pencahayaan pada galleri ................................................. 57 Gambar 4.11. Teknik pencahayaan terhadap objek pameran 2 dimensi (panel) . 58 Gambar 4.12. Teknik pencahayaan terhadap objek pameran 4 dimensi ............ 58 Gambar 4.13. Teknik perletakan objek pameran ................................................ 59 Gambar 4.14. Contoh bangunan dengan prinsip geodesik .................................. 64 Gambar 4.15. Peta Lokasi Proyek ....................................................................... 67 Gambar 4.16. Batas-batas site ............................................................................ 68 Gambar 4.17. Analisa Potensi Lahan .................................................................. 68 Gambar 4.18. Tata Guna Lahan .......................................................................... 69 Gambar 4.19. Massa bangunan sekitar ............................................................... 70 Gambar 4.20. Potongan skyline A dan B ............................................................. 71 Gambar 4.21. Analisa Sirkulasi Kendaraan ......................................................... 72 Gambar 4.22. Analisa Sirkulasi Pejalan Kaki ....................................................... 74 Gambar 4.23. Analisa Pencapaian ...................................................................... 74 Gambar 4.24. Analisa vegetasi ........................................................................... 76 Gambar 4.25. Analisa matahari .......................................................................... 76 Gambar 4.26. Analisa Angin................................................................................ 77 Gambar 4.27. Analisa kebisingan ........................................................................ 77

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Gambar 4.28. Analisa utilitas dan infrastruktur .................................................... 78 Gambar 4.29. Analisa view ke luar tapak ............................................................ 79 Gambar 4.30. Analisa view ke dalam tapak ......................................................... 80 Gambar 5.1. eksterior bangunan ......................................................................... 81 Gambar 5.2. konsep site ..................................................................................... 81 Gambar 5.3. konsep zoning ................................................................................ 82 Gambar 5.4. konsep pencapaian......................................................................... 82 Gambar 5.5. sirkulasi kendaraan didalam site ..................................................... 83 Gambar 5.6. sirkulasi pengunjung ....................................................................... 83 Gambar 5.7. sirkulasi pengunjung museum ........................................................ 84 Gambar 5.8. konsep struktur ............................................................................... 84 Gambar 5.9. bagan sistem listrik ......................................................................... 85 Gambar 6.1. siteplan ........................................................................................... 86 Gambar 6.2. groundplan ..................................................................................... 87 Gambar 6.3. denah lt basement, lt 2 ................................................................... 88 Gambar 6.4. denah lt 3, 4 .................................................................................... 89 Gambar 6.5. denah lt mezanin ............................................................................ 90 Gambar 6.6. tampak 1,2 ...................................................................................... 91 Gambar 6.7. tampak 3,4 ...................................................................................... 92 Gambar 6.8. potongan dan detail ........................................................................ 93 Gambar 6.9. potongan dan rencana pondasi....................................................... 94 Gambar 6.10. rencana pembalokan lt basement, lt 1 .......................................... 95 Gambar 6.11. rencana pembalokan lt 2,3............................................................ 96 Gambar 6.12. rencana pembalokan lt 4. Rencana atap....................................... 97 Gambar 6.13. rencana elektrikal.......................................................................... 98 Gambar 6.14. rencana utilitas ............................................................................. 99 Gambar 6.15. rencana AC................................................................................... 100 Gambar 6.16. rencana telepon ............................................................................ 101 Gambar 6.17. rencana CCTV .............................................................................. 102 Gambar 6.18. rencana pencegahan kebakaran................................................... 103 Gambar 6.19. aksonometri struktur ..................................................................... 104 Gambar 6.20. R. elektrikal ( peralatan elektronik) ................................................ 105 Gambar 6.21. R. elektrikal ( peralatan elektronik) ................................................ 106 Gambar 6.22. R. elektrikal ( peralatan elektronik) ................................................ 107

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Gambar 6.23. R. elektrikal ( peralatan elektronik) ................................................ 108 Gambar 6.24. R. telepon dan internet ................................................................. 109 Gambar 6.25. R. telepon dan internet ................................................................. 110 Gambar 6.26. R. telepon dan internet ................................................................. 111 Gambar 6.27. detail struktur ................................................................................ 112 Gambar 6.28. perspektif eksterior ....................................................................... 113 Gambar 6.29. perspektif eksterior dan interior ..................................................... 114 Gambar 6.30. gambar maket ............................................................................... 115

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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1. WPP menurut RUTRK ........................................................................ 12 Tabel 2.2. Penilaian Alternatif Lokasi .................................................................. 15 Tabel 2.3. kebutuhan ruang ................................................................................ 19 Tabel 2.4. Perbandingan science centre yang ada di Asia .................................. 31 Tabel 4.1. : Tabel Jumlah Penduduk Sumatera Utara ........................................ 41 Tabel 4.2. : tabel jumlah pengunjung Museum di Daerah Sumatera Utara .......... 41 Tabel 4.3. Program Ruang Fasilitas Pengelola.................................................... 43 Tabel 4.4. Program Ruang Fasilitas Penunjang .................................................. 44 Tabel 4.5. Program Ruang Fasilitas Utama ........................................................ 49 Tabel 4.6. Asumsi persentase pengguna kendaraan ........................................... 50 Tabel 4.7. Kebutuhan luasan untuk fasilitas parkir .............................................. 50 Tabel 4.8. Hubungan Usia dan Ruang Gerak Anak ............................................. 53 Tabel 4.9. Jenis Sirkulasi..................................................................................... 59 Tabel 4.10. jenis sirkulasi pameran .................................................................... 61 Tabel 4.11. tabel penzoningan ............................................................................ 62 Tabel 4.12. Identifikasi warna pilihan menurut kategori umur. ............................. 65 Tabel 4.13. Karakteristik Warna. ......................................................................... 66 Tabel 4.14. Angkutan umum yang melalui site .................................................... 75

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