IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY BY USING AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD (A Classroom Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU MiftahulFalahCendonoDawe Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014)
By NURUL FARIYANI HIDAYATUL MILLAH NIM 201032199
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014 iv
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IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY BY USING AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD (A Classroom Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU MiftahulFalahCendonoDawe Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014)
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in Department English Education
By NURUL FARIYANI HIDAYATUL MILLAH NIM 201032199
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2014
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO ALLAH is always with you Think big, and act now Always be yourself and never be anyone else even if they look better than you To get a success your courage must be greater that your fear When you have never made a mistake, it means that you have not tried anything Intelligence is not the determinant of success, but hard work is the real determinant of success
DEDICATION Her beloved parents Her beloved big family All of her lecturers of Muria kudus University All of her best friends Everyone who support her to finish her skripsi All of the readers
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Nurul Fariyani Hidayatul Millah (201032199) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the examining committee.
Kudus,
July 2014
Advisor 1
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001207
Advisor 2
Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001155
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. NIP. 1962129 198703 1 001
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL This is to certify that the skripsi of NurulFariyaniHidayatulMillah (201032199) has been approved by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree in the English Education department. Skripsi Examining Committee:
Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd NIP. 19620413-198803-1-002
, Chairperson
Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001155
, Member
Rismiyanto, SS,M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001146
, Member
AisyahRirin PU, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001228
, Member
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Drs. SlametUtomo, M.Pd. NIP. 1962129 198703 1 001
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to thank to ALLAH the almighty, the lord of universe for all of mercy the writer got in completing her study in English Education Department and accomplishing her research entitled “Improving the Students’ Speaking Ability by Using Audio-Lingual Method (An Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in Academic Years 2013/2014) This research is accomplished with the great help of others. The writer realized that actually could not complete without advice, encouragement, guidance, suggestion, and support from many people. In this opportunity she would like to express her sincere gratitude to: 1.
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2.
Diah Kurniawati, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
3.
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the first advisor, who has guided and given her advice to the writer in finishing this skripsi wisely and patiently.
4.
Fitri Budi S, SS., M.Pd., as the second advisor, who has been so helpful and wisely in advising and encouraging for this writing
5.
All of the lecturers in English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
6.
Asnadi S. Ag as the head master of senior high school of MA NU Miftahul Falah who gives the writer permission to conduct the research. x
7.
The English teachers of MA NU Miftahul Falah especially Muh. Shahlan, SPd. I who have support the writer during the research in MA NU Miftahul Falah.
8.
All of the students of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in academic year 2013/2014 especially the tenth B class.
9.
Her family who has given loves, attention, spirit in finishing this research.
10. All of her friends in English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
Finally, the writer would like to express thank to all people who helped her to finish this research. Hopefully, this research will be useful for the readers, especially to the learners of English and improvement of English learning in Muria Kudus University.
Kudus,
July 2014
The Writer
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ABSTRACT Millah, Fariyani Nurul Hidayatul. 2014. Improving the Students’ Speaking Ability by Using Audio-Lingual Method (An Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in Academic Years 2013/2014). Research: English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd Key words: Speaking ability, Audio Lingual Method, MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono dawe Kudus. From preliminary study, the XB grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono dawe Kudus in the academic year 2013/2014 often got stuck in expressing their ideas. They had difficulties to express the ideas into their practice of speaking. It happened because, they still lack in vocabulary, difficult to remember all the words in English, and they also felt shy and worried to make any mistake in speaking. As a result, the results of the students’ speaking ability were unsatisfactory. Improving speaking ability by using Audio-Lingual Method is alternative method that is prepared to solve the problem that is faced by the students above. The objective of the research is: (1) to find out whether Audio-Lingual method can improve the students speaking ability of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in the academic year 2013/2014. (2) To find out the implementation of the Audio-Lingual Method in teaching speaking of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in academic year 2013/2014. (3) To know the students’ response of teaching speaking by using Audio-Lingual Method of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in academic year 2013/2014. In this research the writer intends to improve the students’ speaking ability by proposing Audio-Lingual Method. It is an effective method to increase the students’ enthusiasm in learning English. In this research, the method used by the writer is Audio-Lingual Method and this research belongs to Classroom Action Research. The limitation of this research is the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in the academic year 2013/2014 especially XB class. There are 35 students of XB class as a subject. This research consists of 2 cycles and each cycle consists of 3 meetings which consist of 4 steps. They are planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The instruments of the research used were test, observation, and questionnaire. Test was used to measure and to know the speaking ability of the students who are taught by using Audio-lingual Method. Observation was used to know how the process and the action of the implementation of Audio-lingual Method in teaching speaking. Questionnaires were also given to know the students’ responses in learning English by using the Audio-lingual Method. According to the data analysis of the two cycles, the writer concludes that there is an improvement in students’ speaking ability from the cycle I until the cycle II. In cycle I, the average score of the students’ speaking ability was 69.8 as xii
low category. In the cycle II, The average score of the students’ speaking ability was 75.8 as sufficient category. So, it means that Audio-Lingual Method can improve the students’ speaking ability of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in the academic year 2013/2014 Based on the result, it means that Audio-Lingual Method can improve the students’ speaking ability of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in the academic year 2013/2014. Meanwhile, the writer suggests that Audio-Lingual Method is one effective method as to increase the students’ enthusiasm in learning English. This result hopefully would motivate the teacher to use the Audio-Lingual Method in their class, especially when teaching speaking.
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ABSTRAK Millah, Fariyani Nurul Hidayatul. 2014. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa dengan Menggunakan Audio Lingual Method (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada murid Kelas X di MA Nu Miftahul Falah tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Penelitian: Jurusan Bahasa Inggris dari Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan di Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd Kata kunci: Meningkatkan Kemampuan berbicara, Audio Lingual Method, MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus Pada awal penelitian, kelas XB MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 sering tidak bisa menuangkan isi pikiran mereka. Mereka mempunyai kesulitan untuk menuangkan ide ke dalam praktek berbicara bahasa inggris mereka. Hal itu di sebabkan karena mereka masih kurang dalam hal vocab sehingga meraka tidak bisa mengingat kata kata dalam bahasa ingris. Mereka juga merasa malu dan khawatir membuat kesalahan ketika berbicara bahasa inggris. Dan sebagai hasilnya, hasil dari kemampuan berbicara siswa kurang memuaskan. Meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara bahasa inggris menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method adalah sebuah metode altenatif yang dipersiapkan untuk memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi siswa yang telah djelaskan diatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk menemukan apakah AudioLingual Method dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X MA NU Miftahul falah Cendono Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. (2) untuk menemukan penerapan Audio-Lingual Method dalam pengajaran berbicara kelas X MA NU Miftahul falah Cendono Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. (3) untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pengajaran berbicara dengan menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method kelas X MA NU Miftahul falah Cendono Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Pembatasan penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XB MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 terutama kelas XB. Terdapat 35 siswa dari kelas XB yang digunakan sebagai subjek. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dan ada 3 pertemuan di setiap siklus yang terdiri dari 4 lankah, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, analisa dan refleksi. Instrument dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes, observasi, dan kuisioner. Tes di gunakan untuk mengukur dan mengetahui kemampuan berbicara siswa yang telah di ajar dengan menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method. Observasi digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pelaksanaan Audio-Lingual Method dalam pengajaran berbicara. Kuisioner juga diberikan untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran bahasa inggris dengan menggunakan AudioLingual Method. Berdasarkan analisis data dari 2 siklus, penulis menyimpulkan bahawa ada sebuah peningkatan dalam kemampuan siswa berbicara dari siklus 1 sampai siklus ke 2. Pada siklus 1, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 69.8 dengan kategori rendah. Pada siklus 2, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 75.8 dengan kategori cukup. Jadi itu dapat diartikan bahwa Audio-Lingual Method dapat meningkatkan kemampuan
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berbicara siswa kelas X MA NU Miftahul Falah Kudus pada tahun ajaran 2013/2014 Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penulis menyarankan Audio-Lingual Method adalah satu metode yang efektif untuk meningkatkan antusias siswa dalam belajar bahasa inggris. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan akan memotifasi guru untuk menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method dalam kelas mereka, khususnya ketika mengajar berbicara.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages COVER ............................................................................................................... i LOGO ................................................................................................................. ii TITLE................................................................................................................iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ........................................................................ iv ADVISORS’ APPROVAL................................................................................ v EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................viii ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... x TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. xi LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xiv LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xv LIST OF APPENDICS ................................................................................. xvi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Statement of Research.................................................................................. 4 1.3 Objective of the Research ............................................................................ 5 1.4 Significance of the Research ........................................................................ 5 1.5 Scope of the Research .................................................................................. 6 1.6 Operational Definition ................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND ACTION HYPOTHESIS 2.1 Teaching English in MA NU Miftahul Falah .............................................. 8 2.1.1 Curriculum English in MA NU Miftahul Falah ................................ 9 2.2 Speaking Skill ............................................................................................ 11 2.2.1 Speaking Components ...................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Elements of Speaking ....................................................................... 14 2.3 Method of Teaching ................................................................................... 15
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2.4 Audio-lingual Method ................................................................................ 17 2.4.1 Principles of Audio-lingual Method ................................................. 18 2.4.2 The Characteristics of Audio-lingual Method .................................. 20 2.4.3 The Techniques of Audio-lingual Method ........................................ 21 2.4.4 The Procedure of Audio-lingual Method .......................................... 23 2.4.5 The Advantages and the Disadvantages of Audio-lingual Method .. 25 2.5 Review of the previous research ................................................................ 27 2.6 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 28 2.7 Action Hypothesis ...................................................................................... 29 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Setting and Characteristic of Subject of the Research ............................... 29 3.2 Variable of the Research ............................................................................ 29 3.3 Design of the Research .............................................................................. 30 3.3.1 Planning ............................................................................................ 31 3.3.1 Acting ............................................................................................... 31 3.3.2 Observing.......................................................................................... 32 3.3.3 Analyzing and Reflecting ................................................................. 32 3.4 Procedure of the Research.......................................................................... 33 3.5 Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 33 CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Pre-Reflection ............................................................................................. 35 4.2 The Result of Cycle I .................................................................................. 39 4.3 The Result of Cycle II ................................................................................. 50
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4.4 The Students’ Response of Teaching Speaking by Using AudioLingual Method of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Cycle II.......................................... 61 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Implementation of Audio-Lingual Method in Teaching Speaking of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014.......................................................................... 62 5.2 The Students’ responses of Teaching Speaking by Using AudioLingual Method of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................................................ 67 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion................................................................................................... 68 6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................... 69 REFERENCES APPENDICES STATEMENT CURRICULLUM VITAE
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LIST OF TABLES Table
Page
2.1 The Materials of Speaking in Teaching English ........................................ 10 4.1 The Scores of Achievement Test of the Students’ Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Pre-cycle ........................................................................ 36 4.2 Table of the Score Criteria ......................................................................... 38 4.3 The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Firs Meeting of Cycle I .............................................................................. 40 4.4 The Observation Table of Teacher and Students’ Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Second Meeting of Cycle I......................................................................... 43 4.5 Scoring of the Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using the AudioLingual Method in Teaching Speaking of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the First Cycle ....................................................................................... 47 4.6 The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using the Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the First Meeting of Cycle II ............................................................................ 50 4.7 The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using the Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Second Meeting of Cycle II ....................................................................... 53
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4.8 Scoring of Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using Audio-Lingual Method in Teaching of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Second Cycle ......................... 57 4.9 The Students’ Response of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah by Using Audio-Lingual Method in Cycle II....................................................................................................... 60
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LIST OF FIGURE Figure
Page
3.1 Design of CAR by Kemmis and Mc Taggart in Arikunto .......................... 31
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page
1. Syllabus ...................................................................................................... 74 2. Lesson Plan.................................................................................................. 86 3. Name of Students ....................................................................................... 104 4. Scores of Pre-test ......................................................................................... 105 5. The Scores of Achievement Test of the Students’ Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Pre-cycle .......................................................................... 106 6. The Scoring of the Students’ Speaking Ability Taught by Using the Audio-Lingual Method in Teaching Speaking of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the First Cycle ................................................................................................... 108 7. The Scoring of Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using AudioLingual Method in Teaching of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Second Cycle ............ 110 8. The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Firs Meeting of Cycle I ........................................................................................................113 9. The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Second Meeting of Cycle I ....................................................................................... 117 10. The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in First Meeting of Cycle II .................................................................................................... 121 11. The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Second Meeting of Cycle II ..................................................................................... 125 12. Questionnaire............................................................................................... 128
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