DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abdin, M.Z., A. Ahmad, N. Khan, I. Khan, A. Jamal, and M. Iqbal. 2003. Sulfur interaction with other nutrients. p. 359-374. In Y.P. Abrol and A. Ahmad, (Eds). Sulfur in Plants. Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht. Abdulrachman, S., dan J.S. Adiningsih. 2000. Indonesia is lowland rice production and its soil fertility management. International Workshop on Improving Soil Fertility Management in Southeast Asia, Bogor, Indonesia 21-23 November 2000. Abdurachman, A., I. Juarsah, dan U. Kurnia. 2000. Pengaruh penggunaan berbagai jenis dan takaran pupuk kandang terhadap produktivitas tanah Ultisol terdegradasi di Desa Batin, Jambi. hal. 303-319. Dalam Pros. Seminar Nasional Sumberdaya Tanah, Iklim, dan Pupuk. Buku II. Bogor, 6-8 Desember 1999. Puslit Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Abdulrachman, S., dan H. Sembiring. 2006. Penentuan takaran pupuk fosfat untuk tanaman padi sawah. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 1(1):79-87. Adatia, M.H. and R.T. Besford. 1986. The effects of silicon on cucumber plants grown in re-circulating nutrient solution. Annals of Botany, 58(3): 343-35. Aderson, J.M. and N.K. Boardman. 1964. Studies on the greening of dark-grown bean plants. Aust. J. Bio.Sci. 17:93-101. Adiningsih, J.S. 1988. Peranan limbah pertanian khususnya jerami dalam penerapan pemupukan berimbang. Prosiding Pertemuan Teknis Penelitian Tanah, Cipayung, 18-20 Maret 1986. Puslit Tanah. Bogor. Adiningsih, J.S., A. Sofyan, dan D. Nursyamsi. 2004. Lahan Sawah dan Pengelolaannya. hal. 165-196. Dalam A. Adimihardja et al. (Penyunting). Sumberdaya Lahan Indonesia dan Pengelolaannya. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Ahmad, A.R, and P.H. Nye. 1990. Coupled diffusion and oxidation of ferrous iron in soils. I. Kinetics of oxygenation of ferrous iron in soil suspension. J. of Soil Sci., 41:395-409. Ahmad, S., I.S. Fazili, R. Haque, S.N. Khan and M.Z. Abdin. 2010. Standardization and estimation of nitrate reductase activity in the leaves of Ammi majus L. (bishops weed) in relation to sulphur deficiency and seed yield. Ausral. J. of Crop Sci., 4(7):515-522. Alam, S.M., S.S.M.Naqvi, and R.Ansari. 1999. Impact of Soil pH on Nutrient Uptake by Crop Plants. In Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. 2nd Revised and Expanded. Marcel Dekker, Inc. Al-Jabri. M., M. Soepartini dan D. Ardi. 1991. Status hara Zn dan pemupukannya di lahan sawah. hlm. 427-464 dalam Prosiding Lokakarya Nasional Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk V. Cisarua, 12-13 Nopember 1990. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat, Bogor. Allard, R.W. 1960. Principle of Plant Breeding. John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York.
245
Ali, A.A., M. Ikeda and Y. Yamada. 1985. Absorption, translocation and assimilation of ammonium and nitrate-nitrogen in rice plants as affected by the supply of potassium, calcium and magnesium. J. Fat. Agr., Kyushu Univ., 30 (2.3):113-124. Alloway, J.B. 2003. Zinc in Soil and Crop Nutrition. www.zinc.com. Amberger, A. 2006. Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition in the Tropics and Subtropics. First version, IFA International Fertilizer Industry Association Paris, France and IPI International Potash Institute, Horgen, Switzerland. 96p. Armstrong, W. 1979. Aeration in higher plants. Adv. Bot. Res.,7:225-332. Apriyantono, A. 2006. Pelaksanaan program revitalisasi pertanian: Keberhasilan dan hambatan. Seminar Nasional Revitalisasi Kebijakan Pertanian Menuju Industrialisasi Pertanian yang Berkeadilan dan Berkelanjutan. Yogyakarta, 8-9 Desember 2006. Ashrafuzzaman, M., M.R. Islam, M.R. Ismail, S.M. Shahidullah and M.M. Hanafi. 2009. Evaluation of six aromatic rice varieties for yield and yield contributing characters. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 11(5):616–620. Atmosukarto, K., dan M. Rahmawati. 2003. Mencegah penyakit degeneratif dengan makanan. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran. 140:41-49. Badan Litbang Pertanian. 2005. Rencana Aksi Pemantapan Ketahanan Pangan 2005-2010. Departemen Pertanian. Jakarta. Bajwa, M.I. 1987. Comparative ammonium and potassium fixation by some wetland rice soil clays as affected by mineralogical composition and treatment sequence. J. of Agron. and Crop Sci., 158(1):65-68. Baligar, V.C., and N.K. Fageria. 1997. Nutrient use efficiency in acid soils: nutrient management and plant use eficiency. p. 75-95. In A.C. Moniz et al. (Eds.). Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH. Braz. Soil Sci. Soc. Brazil. Barber, S.A. 1995. Soil Nutrient Bioavailability. A Mechanistic Approach. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. 414p. Barus, J. 2011. Uji efektivitas kompos jerami dan pupuk NPK terhadap hasil padi. J. Agrivigor, 10(3): 247-252. Basisdata Statistik Pertanian. 2007. www.deptan.go.id/basisdata/isi-basisdata. Bedford, B.L., D.R. Bouldin, and B.D. Beliveau. 1991. Net oxygen and carbon dioxide balances in solutions bathing roots of wetland plants. J. Ecol., 79:943959. Begg, C.B.M., G.J.D. Kirk, A.F. Mackenzie, and H.U. Neue. 1994. Root-induced iron oxidation and pH changes in the lowland rice rhizosphere. New Phytol., 128:469-477. Benckiser, G., J.C.G. Ottow, S. Santiago, and I. Wanatabe. 1982. Physico-chemical characterization of iro toxic soils in some Asian countries. IRRI Res. Pap.Ser. 85.
246
Black, M.M. 1998. Zinc deficiency and child development. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr., 68:464S-468S. Boekhold, A.E. 1992. Field Scale Behavior of Cadmium in Soil. [Thesis]. Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Bloom, P.R., and W.P. Inskeep. 1988. Factors affecting bicarbonat chemistry iron chlorosis in soil. J. Plant Nutr., 9:215-228. Blum, A 1988. Plant Breeding for Stress Environment. CRC Press. Inc. Boca Raton, Florida. Bodek, I.., W.J. Lyman, W.F. Reehl, and D.H. Rosenblatt. 1988. Environmental inorganic chemistry: Properties, processes and estimation methods. In B.T. Walton and R.A. Conway (Eds.). SETAC Special Publication Series. Pergamon Press. New York. BPS. 2002. Produksi padi, jagung, dan kedelai tahun 2001(Angka Sementara) dan tahun 2002 (Angka Ramalan I). Berita Resmi Statistik, 9(5):1-3. BPS. 2011. Produksi padi, jagung, dan kedelai (Angka Ramalan III tahun 2011). Berita Resmi Statistik, 69(11):1-9. Brady, N.C. 1990. The Nature and Properties of Soils. The MacMillan Publishing Company. New York. Broadley, M.R., P.J. White, J.P. Hammond, I. Zelko, and A. Lux. 2007. Zinc in plants. New Phytol., 173: 677–702. Brohi, A.R., M.R. Karaman, M.T. Topbas, A. Aktas, and E.Savasu. 2000. Effect of potassium and magenesium fertilization on yield and nutrient content of rice crop grown on artificial siltation soil. Turk. J. Agric. For., 24:429-435. Brown, K.H. 1998. Effect on infection on plasma zinc concentration and implications for zinc status assesment in low income countries. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr., 68:464S-469S. Budi, D.S., dan J. Munarso. 2001. Perbaikan produktivitas dan mutu hasil padi gogorancah melalui pemupukan kalium dan pengelolaan pupuk kandang. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan. 20(2):19-26. Cakmak, I., and E. Engles. 1999. Role of mineral nutrients in photosynthesis and yield formation. p. 205-223. In Z. Rengel. (Ed.). Mineral Nutrition of Crops: Fundamentals Mechanism and Implication. Haworth Press, Inc. New York. Cakmak, I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 168:521-530. Cakmak, I., Kalayci, M., Kaya, Y., Torun, A. A., Aydin, N., Wang, Y., Arisoy, Z., Erdem, H., Yazici, A., Gokmen, O., Ozturk, L. and Horst, W.J. 2010. Biofortification and localization of Zinc in wheat grain. J.of Agric. and Food Chem., 58:9092‐9102. Celik, H., B.B. Asik, S. Gurel and A.V. Katkat. 2010. Potassium as an intensifying factor for iron chlorosis. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12(3): 359-364.
247
Cepy dan W. Wangiyana. 2011. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L). Crop Agron., 4(2):49-56. Cerezo, M., P. Garcia-Agustin, M.D. Serna and E. Primo-Millo. 1997. Kinetics of nitrate uptake by citrus seedlings and inhibitory effects of salinity. Plant Sci., 126:105-112. Chanchareonsook, J., C. Suwannnarat, S. Thongpae, S. Chanchareonsook and P.Thinyai. 2002. Effects of application of chemical fertilizer in combination with silicon on yield and nutrient uptake of rice in an acid sulfate soil. Paper presented in symposium on 17th WCSS, 14-21st August 2002, Thailand. Chang, T. T., and E. A. Bardenas. 1965. The morphology and varietal characteristics of the rice plant. IRRI Tech. Bull. 4. pp.20. Chen J, and W.H. Gabelman. 1995. Isolation of tomato strains varying in potassium acquisition using a sand-zeolite culture system. Plant Soil., 176:65-70. Chen, S., F.R. Zeng, Z.Z. Pao, G.P. Zhang. 2008. Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci., 9(5):363-370. Cheong, B.T. 1982. Some significant functions of silicon to higher plants. J. Plant Nutr., 5:1345-1353. Christian, D. Gary and J.E. Oreilly. 1986. Instrumental Analysis. 2nd ed. Allyn & Bacon, IAC. London. Clark, L.H, and W.H. Harris. 1981. Observations on the root anatomy of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Amer. J. of Bot., 68:154-6. Cooper, T.G, D.l. Filmer, M.I. Wishnick, M.D. Lane. 1969. The active species of 'CO2' utilized by ribulose biphosphate carboxylase. J. Biol. Chem., 244:20811083. Cram, W.J. 1973. Internal factors regulating nitrate and chloride influx in plant cells. J. Exp. Bot., 24:328-341. Crowley, D.E, and Z. Rengel. 1999. Biology and chemistry of nutrient availability in rhizosphere. p. 1-40. In Z. Rengel (Ed.). Mineral Nutritions of Crops: Fundamentals Mechanism and Implication. Haworth Press, Inc. New York. Cui-Jing, A., M. Kusutani, K. Toyata, Anasuma and J.Cui. 2000. Studies on the varietal differences of harvest index and morphological characteristic of rice. Jap. J. Crop Scie., 69:359-364. Damanik, M.M.B., B.E. Hasibuan, Fauzi, Sarifuddin, dan H. Hanum. 2010. Kesuburan Tanah dan Pemupukan. USU Press, Medan. Davis, D.R. 2009. Declining fruit and vegetable nutrient composition: what is the evidence? Hort. Sci., 44(1):15-19. De Datta S.K. 1981. Principles and Practices of Rice Production. John Wiley & Sons. New York.
248
De Datta, S.K., K.A. Gomez, R.W. Herdt, and R. Barker. 1987. A Handbook on the Methodology for an Integrated Experiment-Survey on Rice Yield Constraints. The International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos. De datta, S.K., and F.E. Broadbent. 1988. Metodology for evaluating nitrogen utilization efficiency by rice genotypes. Agron. J., 80:793-798. Departemen Pertanian. 2007. Acuan Penetapan Rekomendasi Pemupukan N, P dan K pada Lahan Sawah Spesifik Lokasi (Per Kecamatan). Departemen Pertanian. 257 hal. Dev, S., and Shukula, V. C. 1980. Nitrogen, zinc content in maize as affected by their different sources. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 28:336-341. Dey, M.M., and M. Hossain. 1995. Yield potential and modern rice varieties: an assesment of technological constraints to increase rice production. In Proceeding of the of the Final Workshop Projections and Policy Implications and Medium and Long-term Rice Supply and Demand Project. Beijing, China, 23-26 April 1995. Dingkuhn, M., H.F. Schnier, S.K. De Datta, K. Dorffling, C. Javellana, and Pamplona. (1990). Nitrogen fertilization of direct-Seeded flooded vs. irrigated rice: II. Interactions among canopy properties. Crop Sci., 30:1284-1292. Dobermann, A., and P.F. White. 1999. Strategies for nutrient management in irrigated and rainfed lowland rice system. p. 1-26 In V. Balasubramanian et al. (Eds.). Resource Management in Rice System: Nutrient. Kluwer Academic Publisher. IRRI. Dobermann, A., and T. Fairhurst. 2000. Rice: Nutrient Disorders and Nutrient Management. Potash and Phosphat Institute (PPI). Potash and Phosphat Institute of Canada (PPIC) and International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Los Banos. Dobermann, A., and C. Witt. 2004. The Evolution of site-specific nutrient management in irrigated rice systems of Asia. p. 75-99. In A. Dobermann et al. (Eds.). Increasing Productivity of Intensive Rice Systems through SiteSpesific Nutrient Management. Enfield. NH (USA) and Los Banos (Phillippines): Science Publishers Inc. and IRRI. Duan, Y.H., Y.L. Zhang, L.T. Ye, X.R. Fan, G.H. Xu and Q.R. Shen. 2007. Responses of rice cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiency to partial nitrate nutrition. Annals of Bot., 99: 1153-1160. Dutta, P., P.N. Dutta, P.K. Borua. 2013. Morphological traits as selection indices in rice: a statistical view. Univ. J. of Agric. Res., 1(3):85-96. Epstein, E, and A.J. Bloom. 2005. Mineral Nutrition of Plant: Principle and Perspectives. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publisher, Sunderland, Massashusetts. Evangelou, V.P. and J. Lumbanraja. 2002. Ammonium-potassium-calcium exchange on vermiculite and hydroxy-aluminum vermiculite. Soil Sci. Soci. Amer. J., 66:445-455.
249
Fageria, N. K., V.C. Baligar, and C.A Jones. 1997. Growth and Nutrition of Field Crops. 2nd ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. Fageria, N. K., and V. C. Baligar. 1999. Growth and nutrient concentrations of common bean, lowland rice, corn, soybean, and wheat at different soil pH on an Inceptisol. J. of Plant Nutr., 22:1495-1507. Fageria, N.K. 2001. Screening method of lowland rice genotypes for zinc uptake efficiency. Sci. Agric., 58(3). Fageria, N.K., V.C. Baligar, and RB. Clarck. 2002. Micronutrients in crop production. Adv. Agron., 77:185-268. Fageria, N.K., and V.C. Baligar. 2005. Growth components and zinc recovery efficiency of upland rice genotypes. Pesq. Agropec. Bras., Brasilia. 40(12):1211-1215. Faraji, F., M. Esfahani, M. Kavousi, M. Nahvi and A. Forghani. 2013. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels on Fe and protein content, grain breakage and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Khazar). Biharean Biol., 7(1):25-28. Follet, R.H., L.S. Murphy, and R.L. Donahue. 1981. Fertility and Soil Amandement. Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffts, New Jersey. Fosmire, G.J. 1990. Zinc toxicity. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr., 51:225-227. Foth, H.D. 1990. Fundamental of Soil Science. John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York. Gani, A. 2009. Keunggulan pupuk majemuk NPK lambat urai untuk tanaman padi sawah. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 28(3):148-157. Gao, D., D. Liang, E. Muttert, and R. Hardter. 1992. The effect of potassium applied to maize on nutrient uptake, dry matter accumulation and physiological characteristics, Potash Review No. 2/1992. 9p. International Potash Institute. Switzerland. Gao, X.P. 2007. Bioavailability of Zinc to Aerobic Rice. [PhD Thesis], Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Gardner, F.P., R.B. Pearce, and R.L. Mitchell. 1985. Physiology of Crop Plants. Iowa State University Press. Ames. Gardner, F.P., R.B. Pearce, and R.L. Mitchell.1991. Fisiologi Tanaman Budidaya. Terjemahan, Herawati Susilo, Universitas Indonesia Press. Hal. 247-275. Good, A.G., A.K. Shrawat, and D. Muench. 2004. Can less yield more? Is reducing nutriet input into the environment compatible with maintaining crop production?. Trends in Plant Sci., 9(12):1360S-1365S. Gomez, K.A. 1973. Effect of environment on protein content of rice (unpublished paper presented at IRRI Sat. seminar, Los Banos, Laguna, Phil. Jan. 27, 1973). Graham, R.D. 1984. Breeding for Nutritional Characteristics in Cereals. p. 57-102. In P.B. Tinker and A. Luchli (Eds.). Adv. Plant Nutr. Praeger Scientific. New York.
250
Graham, R.D., and J.C.R. Stangoulis. 2003. Trace element uptake and distribution in plants. J. Nutr., 133:1502S-1505S. Grewal, H.S., J.C.R. Stangoulis, T.D. Potter, and R.D. Graham. 1997. Zinc efficiency of oilseed rape (Brassica napus and B. juncea) genotypes. Plant Soil, 191:123132. Grussak, M.A. 1996. Plant breeding strategies for improving human mineral and vitamin nutrition. Federation of American Scientists. http://fas.org/mnp/micro.htm/iron. Grussak, M.A., J.N. Pearson, and E. Marentes. 1999. The physiology of micronutrient homeostatis in field crops. Field Crops Res., 60:41-56. Guswono, S. 1983. Sifat dan Ciri Tanah. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. Gupta, V. K. and Patalia, B. S. 1993. Nutrition of maize as influenced by zinc and nitrogen carriers. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 41: 190-191. Hajiboland, R., X.E. Yang, and V. Romheld. 2003. Effect of bicarbonate and high pH on growth Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient genotypes of rice, wheat and rye. Plant Soil, 250:349-357. Hajiboland, R., X.E. Yang, V. Romheld, and G. Neuman. 2005. Effect of bicarbonate on elongation and distribution of organic acids in root and root zone of Zn-efficient an Zn-inefficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Env. Exp. Bot., 54 :163-173. Hafsah, J. 2006. Pertanian dan Pangan. hal. 71-86. Dalam J. Sutanto et al. (penyunting). Revitalisasi Pertanian dan Dialog Peradaban. Penerbit Buku Kompas. Jakarta. Harper, J.E. and G.M. Paulsen. 1969. Nitrogen assimilation and protein synthesis in wheat seedlings as affected by mineral nutrition. I. Macronutrients. Plant Physiol., 44:69-74. Hartatik, W., dan J.S. Adiningsih. 2003. Evaluasi rekomendasi pemupukan NPK pada lahan sawah yang mengalami pelandaian produktivitas (levelling off). Prosiding seminar Nasional Inovasi Teknologi Sumberdaya Tanah dan Iklim. Bogor, 14-15 Oktober 2003. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Hart, J.J. W.A. Norvell, R.M. Welch, L.A. Sullivan1, and L.V. Kochian. 1998. Characterization of zinc uptake, binding, and translocation in intact seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars. Plant Physiol., 118:219–226. Hasanuddin, A., J. Wargiono, P. Wardhana, F. Kasim, dan U.G. Kartasasmita. 2006. Analisis Kebijakan Peningkatan Produksi Padi melalui Inovasi Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu. Dalam A. Hasanuddin et al. (penyunting). Analisis Kebijakan Antisipatif Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan. Monograf No.3. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor. Havlin, J.L., J.D. Beaton, S.L. Tisdale, and W.L. Nelson. 2005. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers: An Introduction to Nutrient Management. Pearson Prentice Hall. New Jersey.
251
Hayes, M.H.B., and R.S. Swift. 1990. Application of polymeric substance as physical soil conditioner. In De Boodt et al. (Eds.). Soil Colloids and their Association in Aggregates. Plenum Press. London. Herlambang, S. 1999. Fraksionasi unsur mikro Zn terhadap Zn-dd, Zn-organik, ZnMnO2, Zn-Fe2O3 kristalin pada Latosol. Agrivet., 3(1):30-38. Hirose T., T. Ohdan, Y. Nakamura, and T. Terao. 2006. Expression profiling of genes related to starch synthesis in rice leaf sheaths during the heading period. Physiol. Plant, 128:425-435. Hodgson, J.J., W.L. Lindsay, and J.F. Trierweiler. 1966. Micronutrient cation complexes in soil solution: II. Complexing of zinc and copper in displaced solution from calcareous soils. Soil Sci.Soc.Amer.Proc., 30:723-726. Hoffland E., C. Wei and M. Wissuwa. 2006. Organic anion exudation by lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) at zinc and phosphorus deficiency. Plant and Soil, 283:155-162. Hossain, M.B., M.O. Islam and M. Hasanuzzaman, 2008. Influence of different nitrogen levels on the performance of four aromatic rice varieties. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 10:693-696. Ibs, K.H and L. Rink. 2003. Immunity enhanced by trace elements: Zinc-altered immune function. J. Nutr. 133:1452S–1456S. Imo, M. 2014. Analysis of nutritional interactions in cropping systems. www.intechopen.com. Diakses 5 Nopember 2014. Impa, S.M., F.H.C. Rubianes, M.J. Morete1, A.M. Ismail, R. Schulin and S.E.J Beebout. 2010. Unraveling the mechanisms that influence zinc uptake and transport in rice. www.rfpp.ethz.ch/. Diakses 10 Nopember 2012. Impa, S.M., M.J. Morete, A.M. Ismail, R. Schulin and S.E. Johnson-Beebout. 2013. Zn uptake, translocation, and grain Zn loading in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes selected for Zn deficiency tolerance and high grain Zn. J. of Exp. Bot., 1-13. doi:10.1093/jxb/ert118. Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Ishimaru, Y., K. Bashir and N.K. Nishizawa. 2011. Zn uptake and translocation in rice plants. Rice. 4:21-27. Islam, M. Sh., F. Rahman and A.T.M.S. Hossain. 2011. Effects of NPK Briquette on Rice (Oryza sativa) in Tidal Flooded Ecosystem. The Agriculturists, 9(1&2): 37-43. Ismunadji, M. 1989. Kalium, Kebutuhan dan Penggunaan dalam Pertanian Modern (Terjemahan Potash, its Needs and Use in Modern Agriculture). Potash & Phosphate Institute of Canada. Canada-Pengembangan Mineral Saskatchewan. Gaya Teknik. Bogor.
252
Ismunadji, M., dan S. Roechan. 1998. Hara mineral tanaman padi. hal. 231-269. Dalam M. Ismunadji et al. (Penyunting). Padi. Buku 1. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor. Jahan, M. S., Khanif, Y. M., S. Omar, S. R. and Sinniah, U. R. 2013. Effects of low water input on rice yield: Fe and Mn bioavailability in soil. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci., 36(1):27-34. Jansen, B.H. 1998. Efficient use of nutrients: an art of balancing. Field Crops Res., 56:197-201. Jarrell, W.M and R.B. Beverly. 1981. The dilution effect in plant nutrition studies Adv. in Agron., 34:197–224. Jennings, P.R., L.E. Berrio, E. Torres and E. Corredor, 2003. A breeding strategy to increase rice yield potential. Jeng, T.L, T.H. Tseng, C.S. Wang, C.L. Chen and J.M. Sung. 2006. Yield and grain uniformity in contrasting rice genotypes suitable for different growth environments. Field Crops Res., 99:59-66. Jones, D.B., M.L. Peterson, S. Geng. 1979. Association between grain filling rate and duration and yield components in rice. Crop Sci., 19: 641-644. Jones, J.B. 1998. Plant Nutrition: Manual. CRC Press. Boca Raton. Juliano, B.O., A. A. Antonio, and B.V. Esmama. 1973. Effect of protein content on the distribution and properties of rice protein. J. Sci. Food Agric., 24:295-306. Juliano, B.O. 1993. Rice in Human Nutrition. FAO. The United Nations and The International Rice Research Institute. Rome. Kabata-Pendias A. and H. Pendias. 1992. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton. Kanazawa, K., K. Higuchi, N.K. Nishizawa, S. Fushiya, M.Chino, and S. Mori. 1994. Nicotianamine aminotransferase activities are correlated with the phytosiderophore secretions under Fe-deficient conditions in Gramineae. J. Exp. Bot., 45:1903-1906. Karama, A.S., A.R. Marzuki, dan I. Manwan. 1990. Penggunaan pupuk organik pada tanaman pangan. hal. 395-425. Prosiding lokakarya Nasional Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk V.Cisarua, 12-13 Nopember 1990. Puslit Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Kasno, A. dan D. Setyorini. 2008. Neraca Hara N, P, dan K pada tanah Inceptisols dengan pupuk majemuk untuk tanaman padi. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 27(3):141-147. Kasno, A., D. Setyorini, dan Nurjaya. 2003. Status C-organik tanah sawah di Indonesia. Pros. HITI. Padang. Kato, M., K. Kobayashi, E. Ogise and M. Yokoo. 2004. Photosynthesis and drymatter production during ripening stage in a female-sterile line of rice. Plant Prod. Sci., 7(2):184-188.
253
Katsura, K., S. Maeda, T. Horie, and T. Shiraiwa. 2007. Analysis of yield attributes and crop physiological traits of Liangyoupeijiu, a hybrid rice recently bred in China. Field Crops Res., 103(3):170-177. Katyal, J.C. 1977. Influence of organic matter on the chemical and electrochemical properties of some flooded soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 9:259-266. Kaufman, P.B. 1959. Development of the shoot of Oryza sativa. II. Leaf histogenesis. Phytomorphol., 9: 277-311. Kaya, E. 2013. Pengaruh kompos jerami dan pupuk NPK terhadap N-tersedia tanah, serapan-N, pertumbuhan, dan hasil padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.). Prosiding FMIPA Universitas Pattimura. Khandakar, 1994. Manual of Method or Physio-Morhological Studies of Jute, Kenaf and Allied Germplasm. International Jute Organization. Dhaka Bangladesh. Khan, S.K. J. Iqbal and M. Saeed. 2013. Comparative study of grain yield and biochemical traits of different rice varieties grown under saline and normal conditions. The J. of Animal & Plant Scie., 23(2):575-588. Kim, S.A., and M.L. Guerinot. 2007. Mining Iron: iron uptake and transport in plants. Federat. Europ. Biochem. Soci. Letters, 581:2273-2280. Kirk, G.J.D., J.L. Solivas, and C.B.M. Begg. 1994. The rice root-soil interface. p. 110. In G.J.D. Kirk (Ed.). Rice Roots: Nutrients and water use. IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines. Kirk, G. J. C. and Bajita, J. B. 1995. Root–induced iron oxidation, pH changes and zinc solubilization in the rhizosphere of lowland rice. New phytol., 131:129137. Knezek, B.D., and B.G. Rllis. 1980. Essential Micronutrient IV: Copper, Iron, Manganese and Zinc. In B.E. Davies (Ed.). Applied Trace Elements. John Wiley & Sons. New York. Kodyat, B.A., A.R. Thaha, dan Minarto. 1998. Penuntasan Masalah Gizi Kurang. Widya Karya Pangan dan Gizi VI. LIPI. Krauss, A. 1999. Balanced Nutrition and Biotic Stress. Poster presented at the IFA Agricultural Conference on Managing Plant Nutrition, 29 June-2 July 1999, Barcelona, Spain. Kyuma, K. 2004. Paddy Soil Science. Kyoto University Press and Trans Pasific Press. Japan and Australia. Lawlor, D.W. 2002. Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in relation to yield: mechanisms are the key to understanding production systems. Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation Special Issue. J. of Exp. Bot., 53(370):773-787. Leesawatwong, M., S. Jamjod, J. Kuo, B. Dell, and B. Rerkasem. 2005. Nitrogen ferilizer increases seed protein and milling quality of rice. Cereal Chem., 82(5):588-593.
254
Lindsay, W.L., and W.A. Norvell. 1969. Equilibrium relationships of Zn2+, Fe3+, Ca+, and H+ with EDTA and DTPA in soils. Soil Sci.Soc.Amer.Proc., 33:6268. Lindsay, W.L. 1974. Role of chelation in micronutrient availability. p. 507-524. In E.W. Carson (Ed.). The Plant Root and its Environment. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville. Lindsay, W.L. 1979. Chemical equilibria in soils. p. 51-54. John Wiley & Sons, New York. Linquist, B. 2013. Management of potassium in California rice systems. Winter grower meetings. Jan 28 and Feb 5, 2013. Lombi, E., W.W. Wenzel, R. George R. Gobran, and Domy C. Adriano. 2001. Dependency of phytoavailability of metals on indigenous and induced rhizosphere processes: A review. p. 3-24. In G.R. Gobran, W. Wenzel, and E. Lombi (Eds). Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere. CRC Press. Machay, A.D., J.K. Syers, and P.E.H. Gregg. 1984. Ability of chemical extraction procedures to assess the agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rock material. New Zealand J. of Agric. Res., 27:219-230. Maitra, D.N., P.K. Ray, S. Saba, A.K. Jana and T.K. Ganguly. 2000. Interaction effect of potassium and zinc on the growth and uptake by jute (Corchorus outorius L.) in fine Vertic Ochraqualf soil. Agric. Sci. Digest., 20(2):75-77. Makino, A., T. Mae, and K. Ohira. 1983. Photosynthesis and Ribulose 1,5Bisphosphate Carboxylase in rice leaves. Plant Physiol. 73:1002-1007. Makarim, A.K., A. Hidayat, S.Roechan, I. Nasution, M.F. Muhadjir, S. Ningrum, M. Djazuli, dan Murtado. 1992. Status P dan pendugaan keperluan pupuk P pada padi sawah. hal. 199-209. Prosiding Lokakarya Penelitian Komoditas dan Studi Khusus III. Makarim, A.K., S. Abdulrachman, dan S. Purba. 2000. Efisiensi input produksi tanaman pangan melalui Prescription Farming. hal. 90-103. Dalam A.K. Makarim et al. (penyunting). Tonggak Kemajuan Teknologi Produksi Tanaman Pangan: Konsep dan Strategi Peningkatan Produksi Pangan. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor. Makarim, A.K. 2006. Pemupukan berimbang pada tanaman pangan. hal. 80-87. Dalam A. Widjono et al. (penyunting). Risalah Seminar 2005 Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor. Makarim, A.K., dan E. Suhartatik. 2006. Budidaya padi dengan masukan insitu menuju perpadian masa depan. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 1(1):19-29. Maksymiec, W. 1997. Effect of copper on cellular processes in higher plants. Photosynthetica, 34(3):321-342. Markwell, J. J.C. Ostermanand and J.L. Mitchell. 1995. Calibration of the Minolta SPAD-502 leaf chlorophyll meter. Photosynthesis Res., 46:467-472.
255
Marschner, H. 1993. Zinc uptake from soil. p. 59-78. In A.D. Robson (Ed.). Zinc Soil in Plants. Kluwer, Dordrecht. The Netherlands. Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, NY. Mas’ud, P. 1993. Telaah Kesuburan Tanah. Penerbit Angkasa. Bandung. Matichenkov, V.V. and M.Y. Ammosova. 1996. Effect of amorphous silica on soil properties of a sod-podzolic soil. Euras. Soil Sci., 28:87-99. Mengel, K. and E.A. Kirkby. 1987. Principles of Plant Nutrition. 4th Ed. International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland. 687p. Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E. A. 2001. Principles of Plant Nutrition. 5th ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London. 849p. Mertikawati, I. 1992. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kalium dan seng terhadap beberapa sifat kimia tanah, serapan besi dan hasil padi pada tanah grumusol. Laporan Penelitian. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjajaran. 40 hal. Mia, M.A.B and Z.H. Shamsuddin. 2011. Physio-morphological appraisal of aromatic fine rice (Oryza sativa L.) in relation to yield potential. Int. J. Bot., 7(3):223-229. Miah, M.N.H., T. Yoshida, Y. Yamamoto and Y. Nitta, 1996. Characteristics of dry matter production and partitioning of dry matter to panicles in high yielding semidwarf indica and japonica indica hybrid rice varieties. Japan. J. Crop Sci., 65:672–685. Misra, A.N. 1986. Effect of temperature on senescing rice leaves. I. Photoelectron transport activity of chloroplast. Plant Sci., 46:1-4. Misra, A.N., 1987. Physiological aspects of grain formation in sorghum and pearl millet. p:1-6. In: Production Technology for Sorghum and Pearl Millet. ICAR/Sukhadia University. Jaipur, India. Modvert, J.J. 1977. Micronutrient soil test correlation and interpretation. p. 99-117. In Peck, T.R., J.T. Cope Jr, D.A. Witney (Eds.). Soil Testing: Correlation and Interpreting. The Analytical Result. ASA Special Publ. No.29. ASA-CSSA, Madison,Wisconsin, USA. Mohammad, A., S.M. Shah and M. Asim, 2002. Yield performance in three commercial wheat varieties due to flag leaf area. Pak. J. Bio. Sci., 3(12): 20722074. Moore, P.A., Jr. and Patrick, W.H., Jr. 1989. Iron availability and uptake by rice in acid sulphate soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J., 53:471-476. Moraghan, J.T., J. Padila, J.D. Etchevers, K. Grafton, and J.A. Acosta-Gallegos. 2002. Iron accumulation in seed of common bean. Plant and Soil, 246:175183. Mukanda, N., and A. Mapiki. 2001. Vertisols Management in Zambia. p.129-137. In J.K. Syers et al. (Eds.). The Sustainable Management of Vertisols. CABI Publishing. New York. 256
Myers, R.J.K., C.A. Palm, E.Cueves, I.U.N. Gunatilleke, and M. Brossard. 1994. The syncronisation of nutrient mineralisation and nutrient demand. p 81-119. In P.L. Woomer and M.J Swift (Eds.) The Biological Management of Tropical Soil Fertility. John Wiley & Sons. New York. Nasution, E. 2004. Efek suplementasi zinc dan besi pada pertumbuhan anak. Library.usu.ac.id./17 Juli 2007. Neilands J.B., and S.A Leong. 1986. Siderophores in relation to plant growth and disease. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 37:187-208. Neue, H.U. and C.P. Marmaril. 1985. Zinc, sulfur and other micronutrients. p 307320. In Wetland soils: Characterization, Classification and Utilization. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines. Neue, H.U., C. Quijano, D. Senadhira and T. Setter. 1998. Strategies for dealing with micronutrient disorders and salinity in lowland rice systems. Field Crops Res., 56:139-155. Nor, K.M., and F.B. Cady. 1979. Methodology for identifying wide adaptability in crops. Agron J., 71:556-559. Nurzynska-Wierdak, R., K. Dzida, E. Rozek, Z. Jarosz. 2012. The effect of nitrogen and potassium on N-NH4 and N-NO3 accumulation and nutrient contents in rocket (Eruca sativa MILL.) leaves. Acta Sci. Pol. Hort. Cult., 11(3: 211-221. Nyakpa, Yusuf, A.M. Lubis, M.A. Pulung, G. Amran, A. Munawar, dan G. B. Hong. 1988. Kesuburan Tanah. Universitas Lampung. Lampung. Olumu, R.A., G.J. Racz, and C.M. Cho. 1973. Effect of flooding on eH, pH and concentrations of Fe and Mn on several Manitoba soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., 27:220-224. Osaretin, A., T. Ebuehi dan G.A. Akande. 2009. Effect of zinc deficiency on memory, oxidative stress and blood chemistry in rats. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 3(3): 513523. Ottow, J.C.G., G. Benckiser, 1. Watanabe and S. Santiago 1983. Multiple nutritional stress as the prerequisite for iron toxicity of wetland rice (Oryza sa tiva L.) Trop. Agric., 60:102-106. Ozanne, P. G. 1995. The effect of nitrogen on zinc deficiency in subterranean clover. Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 8:47-55. Pandey, N., G.C. Pathak, A.K. Singh, and C.P. Sharma. 2002. Enzym change in response to zinc nutrition. J. Plant physiol., 159:1151-1153. Paul F. Bell and John L. Kovar. 2000. Rice. p. 25-28. In. C.R. Campbell (Ed.). Reference Sufficiency Ranges for Plant Analysis in the Southern Region of the United States. 122p. Pearson, J.N., Rengel, Z., Jenner, C.F., Graham, R.D., 1995. Transport of zinc and manganese to developing wheat grains. Physiol. Plant, 95(3):449-455.
257
Pearson, J.N., Rengel, Z., Jenner, C.F., Graham, R.D., 1996. Manipulation of xylem transport affects Zn and Mn transport into developing wheat grains of cultured ears. Physiol. Plant, 98(2):229-234. Pedas, P., C.A. Hebbern, J.K. Schjoerring, P.E. Holm, and S. Husted. 2005. Differential capacity for high-affinity manganese uptake contributes to differences between barley genotypes in tolerance to low manganese availability. Plant Physiol., 139 (3):1411-1420. Peng, S., K.G. Cassman, S. Virmani, J. Sheehy and G.S. Khush. 1999. Yield potential trends of tropical rice since the release of IR 8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Sci., 39:1552-1559. Peng, S., F.C., Garcia, R.C., Laza and K.G., Cassman. 1993. Adjustment for specific leaf weight improves chlorophyll meter’s estimate of rice leaf nitrogen concentration. Agron. J., 85:987-990. Perez, C.M., G.B. Cagampang, B.V. Esmama, R.U. Monserrate, and B.O. Juliano. 1973. Protein metabolism in leaves and developing grains of rices differing in grain protein content, Plant Physiol., 5:537-542. Persson, D.P., T.H. Hansen, S. Husted and J.K. Schjoerring. 2013. Exploring the zn‐binding properties of the storage proteins in rice. http://www.zinccrops2011.org. Diakses 20 Pebruari 2013. Pervez, H. M. I. Makhdum, M. Ashraf and Shabab-Ud-Din. 2006, Influence of potassium nutrition on leaf area index in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under an arid environment. Pak. J. Bot., 38(4):1085-1092. Pettigrew W.T. 2008. Potassium influences on yield and quality production for maize, wheat, soybean and cotton. Physiol Plant, 133:670-681. Plum, L.M., L. Rink and H. Haase. 2010. The essential toxin: impact of zinc on human health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health, 7:1342-1365. Polthanee, A., A. Promkhambut, S. Kaewrahan. 2011. Growth and yield of organic rice as affected by rice straw and organic fertilizer. IJERD–Int. J. of Env. and Rur. Develop., 2(1): 93-99. Ponnamperuma, F.N. 1955. Physiological deseases of rice attributed of iron toxicity. Nature. 175-265. Ponnamperuma, F.N. 1978. Electrochemical changes in submerges soils and the growth of rice. p. 421-441. In Soil and Rice. IRRI. Los Banos. Poshtmasari, H.K., H. Pirdashti, M. Nasiri and M.A. Bahmanyar. 2007. Chlorophyll content and biological yield of modern and old rice cultivars in different urea fertilizer rates and applications. Asian J. of Plant Sci., 6(1):177-180. Powell, P.E., P.J. Staniszlo, G.R. Cline, and C.P.P Reid. 1982. Hydroxamate siderophores in the iron nutrition of plants. J. Plant Nutr., 5:653-673. Prakash , M., A. Anandan , B.S. Kumar . 2011. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 24 (4):524426.
258
Prasetyo, B.H., S. Adiningsih, K. Subagyono, dan R.D.M. Simanungkalit. 2004. Mineralogi, kimia, fisika, dan biologi tanah sawah. hal. 29-82. Dalam Fahmuddin Agus et al. (Penyunting). Tanah Sawah dan Teknologi Pengelolaannya. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Prasetyo, B.H., dan D.A. Suriadikarta. 2006. Karakteristik, potensi dan teknologi pengelolaan tanah Ultisol untuk pengembangan pertanian lahan kering Indonesia. J. Litbang Pertanian. 25(2):39-47. Prasetyo, B.H. 2007. Perbedaan sifat-sifat tanah Vertisol dari berbagai bahan induk. J. Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 9(1):20-31. Prasittikhet, J. 1987. Metal availability and rice growth under controlled redox potential and pH in acid sulphate soils of Thailand. [Ph.D]. Diss. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Diss. Abstract I143 I). Purnomo, J. 2014. Pengaruh pupuk NPK majemuk terhadap hasil padi varietas Ciherang dan sifat kimia tanah Inceptisol, Bogor. http://balittanah.litbang.deptan.go.id/ind/dokumentasi/prosiding2008pdf/jok_p ur_npk.pdf. diakses 26 Mei 2014. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat. 1994. Survei dan Pemetaan Sumberdaya Lahan untuk Pengembangan Pertanian, Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Konservasi Tanah dan Pengembangan Daerah Aliran Sungai Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Puslit Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat. 1994. Peta Tanah Semi Detil. Daerah Intimewa Yogyakarta Skala 1:50.000. Puslittanak. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat. 2000. Atlas Sumberdaya Tanah Eksplorasi Indonesia, Skala 1:1000.000. Puslit Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Radjaguguk, B. 2006. Sumberdaya tanah dan pengelolaannya secara berkelanjutan. hal. 290-303. Dalam J. Sutanto et al. (penyunting). Revitalisasi Pertanian dan Dialog Peradaban. Penerbit Buku Kompas. Jakarta. Ranade-Malvi, U. 2011. Interaction of micronutrients with major nutrients with special reference to potassium. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 24(1):(106-109). Rao, S.D., 1997. Flag leaf a selection criterion for exploiting potential yields in rice. Indian. J. Plant. Physiol., 25(3):265-268. Razie, F., I. Anas, Atang. Sutandi, Sugiyanta, dan L. Gunarto. 2013. Efisiensi serapan hara dan hasil padi pada budidaya sri di persawahan pasang surut dengan menggunakan kompos diperkaya. J. Agron. Indonesia, 41(2):89-97. Reddy, Y.A.N., T.G. Prasad, M.U Kumar and R.U. Shaanker. 1994. Selection for high assimilation efficiency: An approach to improve productivity in rice. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 37:133-135. Reich, P.B., D.S. Ellsworth and M.B. Walters. 1998. Leaf structure (specific leaf area) modulates photosynthesis–nitrogen relations: evidence from within and across species and functional groups. Funct. Ecol., 12(6):948-958.
259
Rengel, Z., G.D. Batten, and D.E. Crowley. 1999. Agronomic approach for improving the micronutrient density in edible portion of field crops. Field Crops Res., 60(1-2):27-40. Rengel, Z. 2012. Agronomy approaches to increasing zinc concentration in staple food crops. www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c10/E5-21-03-02. Diakses 30 Juli 2012. Romheld, V., and H. Marschner. 1986. Mobilization of iron in the rhizosphere of different plant species. In B. Tinker and A. Lauchli (eds.). Adv. Plant Nutr., 2: 155-204. Praeger Scientific. New York. Romheld, V., and M. Nicolic. 2007. Iron. p. 329-350. In A.V. Barker and D.J. Pilbeam (Eds.) Handbook of Plant Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton. Romheld, V. and E.A. Kirkby. 2009. Research on potassium in agriculture: Needs and prospects. Plant Soil, 335:155-180. Rosen, C. J. and R. M. Carison. 1984. Characterization of K+ and NH4+ absorption by myrobalan plum and tomato: Influence of plant potassium status and solution concentrations of K+ and NH4+. J. Amer. Sot. Hort. Sci., 109: 552-559. Rothstein, D.E., and B.M. Cregg. 2005. Effects of nitrogen form on nutrient uptake and physiology of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri). Forest Ecol. and Manag., 219:6980. Saleque, M.A, Uddin, M.K, Ferdous, A.K.M, Khatun, A, Rashid, M.H, 2009. An evaluation of nutritional constraints on irrigated rice yield. The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI, Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, UC Davis. Saleque, M.A., M.J. Abedin, N.I. Bhuiyan, S.K. Zaman, and G.M. Panaullah. 2004. Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizer sources on yield and nutrient accumulation of lowland rice. Field Crops Res., 86:53-65. Salisbury, F.B, and C.W. Ross. 1992. Plant Physiology. Wadsworth, Belmont, CA Salisbury, F.B. 1992. Plant Physiology. Wadworth Publishing Company Belmont, California. Samonte, S.O, PB., L.T. Wilson, J.C. Medley, S.R.M. Pinson, A.M. McClung, and J.S. Lales. 2006. Nitrogen utilization efficiency: relationships with grain yield, grain protein, and yield-related traits in rice. Agron. J., 98:168–176. Sanchez, P.A. 1992. Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics (Sifat dan Pengelolaan Tanah Tropika. Alih Bahasa: Dra. J.T. Jayadinata, M.Sc). Penerbit ITB. Bandung. Santoso, D., dan J.S. Adiningsih. 1987. Residu pemupukan fosfat pada tanah sawah intensifikasi. Prosiding Pertemuan Teknis Penelitian Tanah, Cipayung, 21-23 Pebruari 1984. Puslit Tanah. Bogor.
260
Santoso, D., I.G.P. Wigena, dan J. Purnomo. 2001. Neraca hara dan analisis ekonomi dari pemupukan P pada tanah kering masam di Sumatera. J. Tanah dan Iklim. 19:33-42. Santoso, D., dan A. Sofyan. 2005. Pengelolaan hara tanaman pada lahan kering. hal. 73-99. Dalam A. Adimihardja dan Mappaona (penyunting). Teknologi Pengelolaan Lahan Kering Menuju Pertanian Produktif dan Ramah Lingkungan. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Sasaki, H., T, Hirose, Y. Watanabe, R. Oshugi. 1998. Carbonic anhydrase activity and CO2-transfer resistance in zinc-deficient rice leaves. Plant Physiol., 118:929-934. Sauriasari, R. 2007. Mengenal www.beritaiptek.com/arsiplalu.
dan
menangkal
radikal
bebas.
Savithri, P., R. Perumal, and R. Nagarajan. 1999. Soil and crop management technologies for enhancing rice production under micronutrient constraint. p.121-135. In V. Balasubramanian et al.(Eds.). Resource Management in Rice Systems: Nutrients. Kluwer Academic Publisher. Boston. London. Schnitzer, M. 1997. Pengikatan bahan humat oleh koloid mineral tanah. hal. 119153. Dalam P.M. Huang dan M. Schnitzer (Eds.). Interaksi Mineral Tanah dengan Organik Alami dan Mikroba. Terjemahan, Didiek Hadjar Goenadi. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Seckback, J. 1982. Ferreting out the secrets of plant ferretin: A review. J. Plant Nutr., 5:369-394. Setyorini, D., L.R. Widowati, dan S. Rochayati. 2004. Teknologi pengelolaan hara lahan sawah intensifikasi. hal. 137-167. Dalam F. Agus et al. (Penyunting). Tanah Sawah dan Teknologi Pengelolaannya. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Siddiqi, M.Y., A.D.M. Glass, T.J. Ruth and T.W. Rufty Jr. 1990. Studies of the uptake of nitrate in barley. I. Kinetics of 13NO3- influx. Plant Physiol., 93:14261432. Shieh, Y.J., and W.Y. Liao. 1985. Effect of nitrogen on growth and photosynthesis of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Bot.Bull.Acad. Sinica., 26:127-146. Silber, A., Ben Yones, L. and Dori, I. 2004. Rhizosphere pH as a result of nitrogen levels and NH4/NO3 ratio and its effect on zinc availability and on growth of rice flower (Ozothiamus diosmifolius). Plant Soil. 262:205-213. Sinclair, T.R. 1998. Historical changes in harvest index and crop nitrogen accumulation. Crop Sci., 38:638-643. Singh, R,K., and B.D. Chaudhary. 1979. Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Pub. Ludhiana, New Delhi. New York. Sirisena,D.N., H.M.A.B. Herath and W.M.N.Wanninayake. 2013. Response of rice to application of phosphorous fertilizer in plonnaruwa district of the low country dry zone. Annals of Sri Lanka Depart. of Agric., 15:237-243.
261
Sitompul, M., dan B. Guritno. 1995. Analisis Pertumbuhan Tanaman. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Sivasankar, A., K.C. Bansal dan Y.P. Abrol. 1993. Nitrogen in relation to leaf area development and photosynthesis. Proc. Indian Natn. Sci. Acad., 4:235-244. Scharpenseel, H.W., E . Eichwald, C. Haupenthal,and H.U. Neue. 1983. Zinc deficiency in a soil toposequence, grown to rice, at Tiaong, Quezon Province, Philippines. Catena, 10:115-132. Schnitzer, M., and Kerndoff. 1981. Reaction of fulvic acid and metal ion. Water Air Soil Pollut. In Trace Element in Soil and Plants. Schnitzer, M. 1997. Pengikatan bahan humat oleh koloid mineral tanah. hal. 119153. Dalam P.M. Huang dan M. Schnitzer (Eds.). Interaksi Mineral Tanah dengan Organik Alami dan Mikroba. Terjemahan, Didiek Hadjar Goenadi. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Sharma, C.P. 2006. Plant Micronutrients. Science Publishers. An Imprint of Edenbridge Ltd., British Isles. Enfield, New Hampshire. 265p. Shieh, Y.J. and W.Y. Liao. 1985. Effect of nitrogen on growth and photosynthesis of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Bot.Bull. Acad. Sinica, 26:127-146. Slaton, N.A., D. Dunn, and B. Pugh. 2004. Potassium Nutrition of Flood-Irrigated. Rice Better Crops, 88(3):20-22. Smith, J.L. R.I. Papendics, D.F. Bezdicek, and J.M. Lynch. 1993. Soil organic matter dynamics and crop residue management. In F.B Metting, Jr (Ed.). Soil Microbial Ecology: Application in Agricultural and Environmental Management. Marcel Dekker, Inc. Soemantri, E dan U. Sudriatna. 2006. Pengaruh kalium nitrat (KNO3) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di Inceptisols lahan kering. hal. 111-116. Dalam D. Subardja S. et al. (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor, 14-15 September 2006. Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor. Sofyan, A., Nurjaya, dan A. Kasno. 2004. Status hara sawah untuk rekomendasi pemupukan. hal. 83-114. Dalam F. Agus et al. (Penyunting). Tanah Sawah dan Teknologi Pengelolaannya. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Song, X., W. Agata and Y. Kawamitsu, 1990. Studies on dry matter and grain production of F1 hybrid rice in china. I. Characteristics of grain production. Japan. J. Crop Sci., 59:29-33. Sorrell, B.K., I.A. Mendelssohn, K.L. Mckee, and R.A. Woods. 2000. Ecophysiology of wetland plant roots: A modelling comparison of aeration in relation to species distribution. Ann. Bot., 86:675-685. Sparks, D.L., and P.M. Huang. 1985. Physical chemistry of soil potassium. p. 201276. In Potassium. Agriculture ASA-CSSA. Madison USA. Stevenson, F.J. 1982. Humus Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons. New York.
262
Stevenson, F.J., and A. Fitch. 1997. Kimia pengompleksan ion logam dengan organik larutan tanah. hal. 41-90. Dalam P.M Huang dan M. Schnitzer (Penyunting). Interaksi Mineral Tanah dengan Organik Alami dan Mikroba, alih bahasa D.H. Goenadi dan Sudarsono. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Stojkovic, S. N. Deletic, M. Biberdzic, and J. Stojanovic. 2004. Variability of dry substance accumulation and utilization parameters of winter wheat plant. Genetika, 36(3):237-243. Storey, J.B. 2007. Zinc. pp. 413-436. In A.V. Barker and D.J. Pilbeam (Eds.) Handbook of Plant Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton. Subagyo, H., N. Suharta, dan A.B. Siswanto. 2004. Tanah-tanah pertanian di Indonesia. hal.21-65. Dalam A. Adimihardja et al. (Penyunting). Sumberdaya Lahan Indonesia dan Pengelolaannya. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Suenaga, A., K. Moriya, Y. Sonoda, A. Ikeda, N.V. Wiren, T. Hayakawa. 2003. Constitutive expression of a novel-type ammonium transporter OsAMT2 in rice plants. Plant and Cell Physiol., 44:206–211. Suganda, H., S. Dwiningsih, dan A. Kasno. 2006. Daya sangga typic dystrudeps dan typic hapluderts terhadap mercuri, kadmium, timbal, krom, tembaga, dan seng pada lahan sawah. hal. 261-274. Dalam D. Subardja S. et al. (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor, 14-15 September 2006. Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor. Suganda, H., S. Dwiningsih, dan A. Kasno. 2006. Daya sangga typic dystrudeps dan typic hapluderts terhadap mercuri, kadmium, timbal, krom, tembaga, dan seng pada lahan sawah. hal. 261-274. Dalam D. Subardja S. et al. (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor, 14-15 September 2006. Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor. Sumarno. 2006. Sistem produksi padi berkelanjutan dengan penerapan Revolusi Hijau lestari. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 1(1):1-18. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor Sumarno, A. Hasanuddin, dan Suyamto. 2007. Sistem produksi tanaman pangan padi berciri ekologis dan berkelanjutan. Simposium Tanaman Pangan V, Bogor 2829 Agustus 2007. Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan. Bogor. Supardi Ar., dan I.P.G. Widjaya-Adhi. 1989. Tanggap tanaman padi terhadap residu pupuk P-alam pada Vertisol, Ultisol dan Histosol. Prosiding Pertemuan Teknis Penelitian Tanah, Bogor 18-20 Juni 1987. Puslit Tanah. Bogor. Suprihatno, B., A.A. Daradjat, Satoto, Baehaki S.E., Suprihanto. A. Setyono, S.D. Indrasari, M.Y. Samaullah dan H. Sembiring. 2009. Desktripsi Varietas Padi. Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Sukamandi. Suriadikarta, D.A., T. Prihatini, D. Setyorini, dan W. Hartatik. 2005. Teknologi pengelolaan bahan organik tanah. hal. 169-222. Dalam A. Adimihardja dan Mappaona (Penyunting). Teknologi Pengelolaan Lahan Kering Menuju
263
Pertanian Produktif dan Ramah Lingkungan. Puslitbang Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Suzuki M., M. Takahashi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Watanabe, S. Matsuhashi, J. Yazaki, N. Kishimoto, S. Kikuchi, H. Nakanishi, and S. Mori. 2006. Biosynthesis and secretion of mugineic acid family phytosiderophores in zinc-deficient barley. Plant J., 48:85-97. Suzuki, M., T. Tsukamoto, H. Inoue, S. Watanabe, S. Matsuhashi, M. Takahashi, H. Nakanishi, S. Mori, and N. Nishizawa. 2008. Deoxymugineic acid increases Zn translocation in Zn-deficient rice plants. Plant Molec. Biol., 66:609-617. Suzuki, M., K. Bashir, H. Inoue, M. Takahashi, H. Nakanishi and N.K. Nishizawa. 2012. Accumulation of starch in Zn-deficient rice. Rice, 5(9):1-8. Syam, A. dan M. Sariubang. 2004. Pengaruh pupuk organik (kompos kotoran sapi) terhadap produktivitas padi di lahan irigasi. hal. 93–103. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sistem Integrasi Tanaman-Ternak. Denpasar, 20–22 Juli 2004. Puslitbang Peternakan, BPTP Bali dan Casren. Syarief, S. 1993. Kesuburan dan Pemupukan Tanah Pertanian. Pustaka Buana, Bandung. Takahashi, E., J.F. Ma and Y. Miyake. 1990. The possibility of silicon as an essensial element for higher plants. Comments Agric. Food Chem., 2:99-122. Takatsuji, H. 1999. Zinc finger proteins: The classic finger emerges in contemporary plant science. Plant Molec. Biol., 39:1073-1078. Tanaka and Yoshida,S. 1970. Nutritional disorders of rice plant in Asia. Bult. No.10, IARI, Manila, Philippines. Tan, K.H. 1993. Environmental Soil Science. Marcel Dekker. Inc. New York. Tan, K. H. 1998. Dasar-dasar Kimia Tanah. Yogyakarta.
Gadjah Mada University Press.
Tan, K.H. 1998. Principles of Soil Chemistry. 3rd ed. Marcel Decker, Inc. New York, Basel, Hongkong. Tari, D.B., A. Gazanchian, H.A. Pirdashti and M. Nasiri. 2009. Flag leaf morphophysiological response to different agronomical treatments in a promising line of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Amer-Euras. J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 5(3):403-408. Taub, D.R and X. Wang.. 2008. Why are nitrogen concentrations in plant tissues lower under elevated CO2? A critical examination of the hypotheses. www.jipb.net/tupian/2008/6/16/130532. Diakses 5 Nopember 2014. Taylor, H.M. 1981. Root zone modification: fundamentals and alternatives. p. 316. In G.F. Arkin and H.M. Taylor (Eds.). Modifying of Root Environment to Reduce Crop Stress. American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Michigan. Terry, N., and J. Abadia. 1986. Function of iron in chloroplasts. J. Plant Nutr., 9:609-646.
264
Thompson, M.L., and F.R. Troeh. 1978. Soil and Soil Fertility. Mcgraw Hill Book Co. New York. Thorne, W. 1957. Zinc deficiency and its control. In A.G. Norman et al. (Eds.). Adv. Agron., 9:31-61. Tisdale, S., and W. Nelson. 1975. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. 4th ed. The MacMillan Pubs. Co. New York. Vergara, B.S., B. Venkateswarlu, M. Janoria, J.K. Ahn, J.K. Kim and R.M. Visperas. 1990. Rationale for a low-tillering rice plant type with high density grains. Philipp. J. Crop.Sci., 15(1):33-40. Vinod, K.K., and S. Heuer. 2012. Approaches towards nitrogen-and phosphorusefficient rice. AoB PLANTS 2012: pls028; doi:10.1093/aobpla/pls028, available online at www.aobplants.oxfordjournals.org. Diakses 24 Februari 2014. Wang, M.Y., M.Y. Siddeqi, T.J. Ruth, A.D.M. Glass. 1993. Ammonium uptake by rice roots. I. Kinetics of 13NH4+ influx across the plasmalemma. Plant Physiol., 103:1259-1267. Wang, M.Y., A.D.M. Glass, J.E. Shaff, and L.V. Kochian. 1994. Ammonium uptake by rice roots. II. Electrophysiology. Plant Physiol., 104:899-906. Wang, D.Y., C.M. Xu, S. Chen, L.X. Tiao, and X.F. Zhang. 2012. Photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation in different chlorophyll-deficient rice lines. J. of Integrative Agric., 11(3):397-404. Watt, N.T., I.J., Whitehouse, and N.M. Hooper. 2011. The role of zinc in Alzheimer’s disease. International Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 10 pages doi:10.4061/2011/97102. Diakses 1 Oktober 2014. Watson, D.J., 1947. Comparative physiological studies on the growth of field crops. I. Variation in net assimilation rate and leaf between species and varieties and within and between years. Annals of Bot.,11:41-76. Welch, R.M., and R.D. Graham. 2004. Breeding for micronutrients in staple food crops from a human nutrition perspective. J. Exp. Bot., 55(396):353-364. Welch, R.M. 2007. Micronutrients, Agriculture and Nutrition:Linkage for Improve Health and Well Being. http://www.css.cornell.edu/foodsystems/micros &agriman. Wiangsamut, B. and T.C. Mendoza. 2008. Leaf elongation rate, agronomic traits and grain yield of three transplanted rice genotypes. J. of Agric. Technol., 4(1):205-217. Winarsih, H. 2007. Antioksidan Alami dan Radikal Bebas. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Winarso, S. 2005. Kesuburan Tanah Dasar Kesehatan dan Kualitas Tanah. Gava Media. Yogyakarta. Wissuwa, M., A.M. Ismail and R.D. Graham. 2007. The effect of soil type, zinc fertilization and genotype on zinc concentrations in rice grains. zincops.ionainteractive.com/.../2007_zinccrops2007. Diakses 13 Desember 2013. 265
Witt, C., A. Dobermann, S. Abdulrachman, H.C. Gines, W. Guanghuo, R. Nagarajan, and S. Satawatananont, T.T. Son, P.S. Tan, L.V. Tiem, G.C. Simbahan, and D.C. Olk. 1999. Internal nutrient efficiencies of irrigated lowland rice in tropical and subtropical Asia. Field Crops Res., 63:113-138. Wolnik K.A., F.L. Fricke, S.G. Capar, G.L. Braude, M.W.Meyer, R.D. Satzger, and E. Bonnin. 1983. Elements in major raw agricultural crops in the United States. 1. Cadmium and lead in lettuce, peanuts, potatoes, soybeans, sweet corn and wheat. J Agric. Food Chem., 31: 1240-1244. Wu, C.Y., L.L, Lu, X.E. Yang, Y. Feng, Y.Y. Wei, H.L. Hao, P.J. Stoffella, and Z.L. He. 2010. Uptake, translocation, and remobilization of zinc absorbed at different growth stages by rice genotypes of different Zn densities. J. Agric. Food Chem., 58:6767-6773. Wu, C.Y., Y. Feng, M..J.I. Shohag, L.L Lu, Y.Y Wei, C. Gao, X.E. Yang. 2011. Characterization of 68Zn uptake, translocation, and accumulation into developing grains and young leaves of high Zn-density rice genotype. Biomed & Biotechnol., 12(5):408-418. Wu, X. and 1. Aasen. 1994. Models for predicting soil zinc availabiltiy for barley. Plant Soil, 163:279-285. Wu, G., L.T. Wilson, A.M. McClung. 1998. Contribution of rice tillers to dry matter accumulation and yield. Agron. J., 90:317-323. Wu, L.L., Z.L. Liu, J.M. Wang, C.Y. Zhou, and K.M. Chen. 2011. Morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics involved in development of the large culm trait in rice. Austral. J. of Crop Sci., 5(11):1356-1363. Yadi, R., S. Dastan and E. Yasari. 2012. Role of zinc fertilizer on grain yield and some qualities parameters in iranian rice genotypes. Annals of Biol. Res., 3(9):4519-4527. Yakan, H., M. Ali Gurbuz, F. Avşar. 2001. The effect of zinc application on rice yield and some agronomic characters. Cahiers Options méditerranéennes, 58:1-5. Ying, J., S. Peng, Q. He, H. Yang, C. Yang, R.M. Visperas, and K.G. Cassman. 1998. Comparison of high-yield rice in tropical and subtropical environments. I. Determinants of grain and dry matter yields. Field Crops Res., 57:71-84. Yoshida, S. and S.B. Ahn. 1968. The accumulation process of carbohydrate in rice varieties in relation to their response to nitrogen in the tropics. Soil Sci. and Plant Nutr., 14(4):153-161. Yoshida S., S.A. Naveser, and E.A.Ramirez. 1969. Effects of silica nitrogen supply on some leaf characters of rice plant. Plant Soil, 31:48-56. Yoshida, S., D.A. Farno, J.H. Cock, K.A. Gomez. 1981. Laboratory manual for physiological studies of rice. 2nd ed. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. Yoshida, S. 1982. Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science. IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines, Manila.
266
