Benefit Pembangunan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Untuk Kepentingan Publik
Djoko Santoso Rektor ITB
Kerangka Pemikiran TIK Untuk Pembangunan Isu strategis -Kemandirian bangsa - Daya saing bangsa
Sasaran strategis: - Tata kelola pemerintahan - Ekonomi -Knowledge
Tujuan Nasional Terciptanya suatu masyarakat yang adil, makmur, sejahtera, aman dan bersatu dalam naungan NKRI
Realisasi tujuan nasional dalam era informasi - Knowledge based Sasaran Strategis society Mind Man Machine
Strategi pemerintah: Suprastruktur Informasi Sinergi Fungsi: Governing
Tata Kelola TI Tata Kelola
Ekonomi
Konsep: O-O-K-T
Knowledge
Early winning program sebagai wahana mencapai tujuan nasional
Early Winning Program Impact
e-Pendidikan
Palapa Ring
e-layanan, e-procurment,NSW Nomor Identitas Nasional
Resistance
Nilai dari Pembangunan TIK Biaya tinggi Impak Rendah Biaya Tinggi Impak Tingii
Biaya Tinggi Kondisi Saat ini Biaya
Zona Perbaikan TIK
Value
Biaya Rendah Impak Rendah Biaya Rendah Impak Rendah
Bottom Line Impact
Impak Tinggi
Apakah Arti Sebuah Nilai (Value)
Value
lue a V
?
Peningkatan Pelayanan
Va lu e
e Value u l Valu Va e
Biaya rendah — IT and Operating Peningkatan Pendapatan Peningkatan Kualitas
Pelayanan Lebih baik Kecepatan Waktu ke pasar Sesuai objevtive politik Impak sosial yg baik Pembangunan ekonomi
Beberapa Penyebab Kegagalan Proyek TIK
Perencanaan proyek yang jelek (vendor driven?) Ketidaktahuan kebutuhan (requirement) Tidak pernah selesai (never ending project) Kepemimpinan yang lemah Ketidak cukupan melakukan evaluasi/testing dengan baik Tidak ada tata kelola TIK yang mencukupi
From ‘Business’ to ‘Public’ Value of IT Mengukur Benefit TIK dari sekedar bisnis menuju kepada kepentingan Konstituen, efisiensi layanan dan Nilai Balik Politik Government Role Representation
Citizen Role Elector
Principles - Access - Responsive - Involvement
Government Goal Minimize friction
Protector
Beneficiary
- Economic security - Physical security
Efficient service, but only when necessary
Authority
Subject
- Transparent processes - Respond to requests
Minimize resources
Supplier
Customer
- Customer service
Maximize revenue
Gartner
Impak Organisasi pembangunan TIK
IT Conversion Process
IT Expenditure
The IT Use Process
IT Asset
IT Impact
The Competetive Process
Organizational Performance
Creating a Business Case for a Government Project • What problem must be solved? • Which stakeholders does this problem affect? • What solutions are available? • What are the benefits of each solution? • What is the relative cost of each solution? • Which stakeholders are affected by the solution? • How can these stakeholders affect my political future? • How will this solution be funded? • What other problem goes unsolved?
Gartner
Operational efficiency
Political return
Costs Head count Transformation Policy objectives Private partnerships Greater participation Closing the digital divide Economic impact Greater transparency Greater accountability More-effective policy making
Constituent service Constituent value Lower constituent cost Greater availability Constituent centricity Fewer, more-effective interactions Single point of contact
The Five Pillars of Benefit Realization Economic development Increased consensus Speed to market Reduced transaction cost Constituent reach Increased organizational agility
IT Value Achievement Constituent service Operational efficiency
Strategic Alignment
Political return
Direct Payback
Business Process Impact
Architecture
Risk
Context (Ever-Changing)
Political priorities Regulations
Gartner
Business demands Economic situation Citizen demands
Government Performance Framework Political Return
Political Management
Consensus and Participation
Policy Alignment
Social and Economic Development
Supply Management
Constituent Responsiveness
Supplier/Partner Effectiveness
Internal Operational Efficiency
Constituent Value
Support Services
Operational Efficiency
Human Resources Responsiveness
Constituent Responsiveness
IT Responsiveness
On-Time Delivery
Total Cost of Use Improvement
Constituent Value Increase
Service Accuracy
Service Performance
Customer Care Performance
KPI Effectiveness
Gartner
Finance and Regulatory Responsiveness
E-Government Assessment Framework Constituent Service
Political Return
Operational Efficiency Cost/transaction
PR
Cost Depth Maturity
Media hits
No. of trans./empl.
No. of channels Time
Trans. time
Push/pull
E-mails Economic dev.
Skill demand and supply B2B volumes
Head count Availability Usefulness
Degree of transform.
TCU
No. of org. units
Closing divide
% joined services
% aborted trans. Success Channel impact
Use (G2E+G2B)/G2G
B2C volumes Public access points
Value/cost Use
Technology penetration
Increased participation
Visits on policy pages % voters
Continuously Improving process
4 - Managed
Predictable process
3- Defined
Standard, Consistent process
Disciplined process
5 - Optimizing
2 - Repeatable
1 - Initial Tingkat Kematangan Proses Penerapan TIK
Penutup
Banyak Initiative proyek TIK yang belum diukur dengan baik, termasuk proyek-proyek Flagship TIK.
Ukuran proyek pemerintah harus digeser dari sekedar bermakna bisnis, menjadi harus ada nilai publiknya pula.
Ukuran dan target pada dasarnya dilihat dari kenaikan tingkat layanan, penurunan biaya dan “political return”.
Perlu dibuat model dalam basis waktu bahwa pembangunan TIK mendukung tujuan dan strategi nasional.
Perlu peran pemimpin yang lebih efektif.
