Benang Merah Industri Mineral (tambang), Industri Logam, dan Industri Manufaktur beberapa kasus

Benang Merah Industri Mineral (tambang), Industri Logam, dan Industri Manufaktur – beberapa kasus

Henry Ako Tampubolon Department Engineering Design and Material (IPM) NTNU

Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

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Mechanical/Maintenance Engineer Jim Picknell


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Latar Belakang

Industri Manufaktur

Industri Tambang

Industri Logam


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INDUSTRI TAMBANG


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Krisis adalah akibat irrational exuberance

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Krisis Global adalah wake up call bagi kita semua.

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Tidak banyak yang menyadari bahwa kita telah lama mengalami irrational exuberance, a heightened state of speculative fervor.

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Robert Shiller, ekonom terkenal dari Yale mempopulerkan istilah irrational exuberance untuk menyebut pasar saham (tahun 2000) dan pasar rumah (tahun 2007) adalah bubble.

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Shiller adalah orang pertama yang meramalkan kejatuhan dotcom dan real estate bubble/subprime mortage.

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Rata-rata harga rumah 6-9 kali > dari rata-rata pendapatan.

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Harga rumah ketika disesuaikan inflasi hanya menghasilkan return > 1%/tahun


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Harga Nikel


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Peta Pertambangan PT Antam


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Pengembangan Tambang PT Antam Tbk

Sumber: PT Antam Tbk


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Daerah Tambah INCO


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Daerah Tambang 1


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Daerah Tambang 2


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Kondisi Geology


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Schematic Flow-Sheet of PT INCO EB Mine Hi Recovery Low Olivine parent

D r y D us t

S e pa ra te W e t O re S to ck pil e

WB Mine Low Recovery High Olivine parent

H S FO Air

R o ck

W e st Bl ock (Re je c t)

E SP

M .C

D r ye r Kiln D KP

Ea s t Bl ock (C ru sh e d ) L i qu i d S u l ph u r

H S FO Air

R e duc tio n Kil n

H ot C alc ine (7 0 0 °C ) S ta ck

E.L

E.L

Scrubbe r

D r ie d O r e S tor ag e

E.L

5 00 T B IN

ES P

M .C

S la g to Dis pos al a re a (1 50 0 °C )

D r y D us t S lur r y

E le ctric F ur nac e

T H IC K EN ER

F lui d B e d D rie r

O ve rsiz e ( Re cy cle to C on ve r te r )

Air

C o nve r ter M a tte C a s t W a te r (Hi pre ssu re )

G ra n u l a te d M a tte

Pu g m ill D us t

Fu rn a ce M a tte (1 3 5 0 ° C ) S ili ca Flu x S c ra p

1 00 T B IN

R e c yc le to D r ye r

D ie se l Air

M ar ke t

Gr anula ti on P ac k i ng


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Strategi Pengembangan Nikel


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INDUSTRI LOGAM


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Hydro Alumunium Norway


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Apa projectnya si Henry Ako Tampubolon?


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With rolling and extrusion as largest process routes, forming is vital to aluminium applications Rolling:

break down

casting - homogenizing

Extrusion:

Melt treatment

tandem

- hot rolling Casting

Extrusion Cooling

cold rolling - annealing -

forming

Homogenizing Billet preheating

Stretching Cutting Storing

F O R M IN G

Ageing User

Recycling Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

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INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR

GM Fab. Plant

Daimler-Chrysler Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

General Motor HQ 28

Expected Use of High-Strength Steels C-Class of Mercedes-Benz

Material Consumption

100 %

1% 3%

9% High-Strength Steels

80 %

34 %

29 %

(more than 1000 MPa)

High-Strength Steels

60 %

(550-1000 MPa)

36 %

40 %

High-Strength Steels (300-550 MPa)

62 % 20 %

Mild Steels 24 %

(up to 300 MPa)

0%

Actual C-Class Future Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

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Industri Automotive

Small deformation in large areas

Typical deep drawn parts

Large bending deformation Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

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Bidang Riset Plasticity


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Constitutive model Anisotropy/ texture

Disloc. density/ ageing

Deform. induced anisotropy

Isotropic hardening Kinematic hardening

Yield surface

dσ = C:dε Damage

Flow rule Viscous stress Plastic slip (Schmid’s law)

Rate effects/ PLC-effect Scientific Meeting PPI Trondheim

Microvoids/ microcracks 36


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TERIMA KASIH


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Benang Merah Industri Mineral (tambang), Industri Logam, dan Industri Manufaktur beberapa kasus

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