ABSTRAK. vii. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

ABSTRAK Aplikasi grafis 3 dimensi garis freatik di dalam bendungan urugan menggunakan drainase merupakan suatu aplikasi perhitungan dibidang teknik sipil, khususnya pada bidang geoteknik dan hidroteknik. Hasil analisis dari aplikasi ini berupa Phreatic Surface didalam sebuah bendungan urugan. Metode grafis dipakai untuk menentukan garis freatik (garis aliran teratas pada rembesan bendungan). Selain itu aplikasi ini dapat diterapkan pada bendungan urugan yang memiliki banyak lapisan tanah. Aplikasi grafis 3 dimensi garis freatik dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java, yaitu bahasa pemrograman yang sudah berorientasi objek. Aplikasi ini merupakan aplikasi desktop. Pembuatan aplikasi ini terbukti dapat memberikan gambaran 3 dimensi permukaan garis freatik secara jelas, mengurangi tingkat kesalahan dalam proses perhitungan secara manual dan waktu yang digunakan menjadi lebih singkat dan efisien. Kata kunci : Phreatic Surface, bendungan urugan, rembesan.

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Universitas Kristen Maranatha

ABSTRACT 3-D graphics applications phreatic line in a earth dam using drainage is an application in th field of civil engineering, particularly in the areas of geotechnic and hydrotechnic. The result from this application is a Phreatic Surface in a earth dam. Graphical method is used to determined phreatic line (top flow line). Also this application can be applied to the earth dam that has many layers of soil. This application created using the Java programming language, the language is object-oriented programming. This application is a desktop base application. Creation of this application is shown to give a three dimensional surface of the phreatic line is clear, reducing the error rate in the manual calculation process and time used to be more concise and efficient. Keyword : Phreatic Surface, earth dam.

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DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................... PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN PENELITIAN ...................................... PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS LAPORAN PENELITIAN ................................. PRAKATA ........................................................................................................... ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................................

ii iii iv v vii viii ix x xii xii

BAB I 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang ................................................................................... Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................. Tujuan Pembahasan .......................................................................... Batasan Masalah ............................................................................... Sumber Data ...................................................................................... Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................

1 2 2 3 3 3

BAB II 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12

LANDASAN TEORI Bendungan ........................................................................................ Jenis-Jenis Bendungan ...................................................................... Rembesan Air Melalui Tubuh Bendungan Urugan ............................. Unified Modeling Language (UML) ..................................................... Use Case Diagram ............................................................................. Activity Diagram ................................................................................ Class Diagram .................................................................................. Java ................................................................................................... Java Foundation Class....................................................................... Java Input/Output (I/O)....................................................................... Java 2D API ....................................................................................... Java 3D API .......................................................................................

5 7 11 16 17 20 22 23 24 25 28 28

BAB III 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7 3.3.8 3.3.9 3.3.10 3.3.11 3.3.12

ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM Diagram Use Case ............................................................................. Skenario ............................................................................................. Activity Diagram ................................................................................. Activity Diagram New Design ............................................................. Activity Diagram Save ........................................................................ Activity Diagram Open ....................................................................... Activity Diagram Start Analyzing ........................................................ Activity Diagram XY-Plotted ............................................................... Activity Diagram Report ..................................................................... Activity Diagram About ....................................................................... Activity Diagram Render 3D ............................................................... Activity Diagram Start Render ............................................................ Activity Diagram Exit .......................................................................... Activity Diagram Refresh .................................................................... Activity Diagram Cancel .....................................................................

31 32 42 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 48 49 50 51 52

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3.3.13 3.3.14 3.3.15 3.3.16 3.3.17 3.3.18 3.3.19 3.3.20 3.4 3.5 3.6

Activity Diagram Clear Text ................................................................ Activity Diagram Use .......................................................................... Activity Diagram Calculate ................................................................. Activity Diagram Count Coefficient Permeability ................................ Activity Diagram Check ...................................................................... Activity Diagram Add Row .................................................................. Activity Diagram Delete Row .............................................................. Activity Diagram Clear........................................................................ Class Diagram ................................................................................... Rancangan Desain Antar Muka ......................................................... Studi Kasus ........................................................................................

53 53 54 55 55 56 57 57 58 59 70

BAB IV 4.1

HASIL PENELITIAN Implementasi...................................................................................... 79

BAB V 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2

PEMBAHASAN DAN UJI COBA PENELITIAN Pembahasan ...................................................................................... Uji Coba Hasil Penelitian .................................................................... Uji User .............................................................................................. Pembahasan Uji Coba Hasil Penelitian ..............................................

BAB VI 6.1 6.2

SIMPULAN DAN SARAN Kesimpulan ....................................................................................... 102 Saran ................................................................................................ 102

96 99 99 100

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 103

DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1 Gambar 2 Gambar 3 Gambar 4 Gambar 5 Gambar 6 Gambar 7 Gambar 8 Gambar 9 Gambar 10 Gambar 11 Gambar 12 Gambar 13 Gambar 14 Gambar 15 Gambar 16 Gambar 17 Gambar 18 Gambar 19 Gambar 20

Tipe bendungan urugan ................................................................ 9 Phreatic Surface didalam sebuah bendung urugan tipe homogen tanpa drainase............................................................................... 11 Faktor koreksi untuk downstream face (muka hilir bendung) ......... 13 Sebuah drainase horizontal pada bagian tumit (hilir) ..................... 14 Jenis-jenis drainase dengan sudut yang berbeda pada hilir bendungan .................................................................................... 14 Arah aliran rembesan searah dengan lapisan tanah ..................... 16 Arah aliran rembesan tegak lurus terhadap lapisan tanah ............. 16 Simbol Actor .................................................................................. 16 Simbol Use Case ........................................................................... 18 Contoh Use Case Diagram ............................................................ 19 Contoh Activity Diagram ................................................................ 21 Contoh Class Diagram .................................................................. 22 Penerjemahan dan Pengeksekusian program Java ...................... 23 Struktur hirarki Java Input/Output (I/O) .......................................... 26 Struktur hirarki InputStream ........................................................... 26 Struktur hirarki OutputStream ........................................................ 27 Proses kerja Java I/O .................................................................... 27 Perbandingan antara VRML, Java 3D dan OpenGL ...................... 29 Use Case Phreatic Surface Analysis Software .............................. 31 Activity Diagram New Design ........................................................ 42

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Gambar 21 Gambar 22 Gambar 23 Gambar 24 Gambar 25 Gambar 26 Gambar 27 Gambar 28 Gambar 29 Gambar 30 Gambar 31 Gambar 32 Gambar 33 Gambar 34 Gambar 35 Gambar 36 Gambar 37 Gambar 38 Gambar 39 Gambar 40 Gambar 41 Gambar 42 Gambar 43 Gambar 44 Gambar 45 Gambar 46 Gambar 47 Gambar 48 Gambar 49 Gambar 50 Gambar 51 Gambar 52 Gambar 53 Gambar 54 Gambar 55 Gambar 56 Gambar 57 Gambar 58 Gambar 59 Gambar 60 Gambar 61 Gambar 62 Gambar 63 Gambar 64 Gambar 65 Gambar 66 Gambar 67 Gambar 68 Gambar 69 Gambar 70 Gambar 71 Gambar 72 Gambar 73

Activity Diagram Save ................................................................... Activity Diagram Open ................................................................... Activity Diagram Start Analyzing.................................................... Activity Diagram XY-Plotted .......................................................... Activity Diagram Report ................................................................. Activity Diagram About .................................................................. Activity Diagram Render 3D .......................................................... Activity Diagram Start Render ....................................................... Activity Diagram Exit...................................................................... Activity Diagram Refresh ............................................................... Activity Diagram Cancel ................................................................ Activity Diagram Clear Text ........................................................... Activity Diagram Use ..................................................................... Activity Diagram Calculate ............................................................. Activity Diagram Count Coefficient Permeability ............................ Activity Diagram Check ................................................................. Activity Diagram Add Row ............................................................. Activity Diagram Delete Row ......................................................... Activity Diagram Clear ................................................................... Class Diagram Phreatic Surface Analysis Software ...................... Main Menu..................................................................................... New Design Dialog ........................................................................ Open Dialog .................................................................................. Main Menu – File Menu ................................................................. Exit Program.................................................................................. Save Dialog ................................................................................... Main Menu – About Menu ............................................................. About ............................................................................................. Input Data Design Frame .............................................................. Progress Bar analyzing ................................................................. Error Input ..................................................................................... Save and show report.................................................................... Cancel Design ............................................................................... Canvas Result ............................................................................... Analytical Method Frame ............................................................... 3D Settings Frame ........................................................................ 3 Dimensional Viewer Frame......................................................... Input Frame tab Permeability Test ................................................. Studi kasus dengan cara manual .................................................. Studi kasus dengan menggunakan software ................................. Hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan software 2D .................. Hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan software 3D .................. Nilai koordinat hasil perhitungan software ..................................... Lapisan tanah dengan masing-masing nilai k ................................ Data percobaan falling head dan constant head............................ Koefisien permeabilitas hasil percobaan constant head ................ Koefisien permeabilitas hasil percobaan falling head .................... Hasil perhitungan koefisien permeabilitas ekivalen ....................... Welcome Dialog ............................................................................ Main Menu (Implementasi) ............................................................ Project Question Dialog ................................................................. Tampilan Design Data jika memilih tombol “Yes” .......................... Save and show report dialog .........................................................

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43 44 45 46 47 48 49 49 50 51 52 53 54 54 55 56 56 57 57 58 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 72 73 73 76 77 77 78 79 80 81 81 82

Gambar 74 Gambar 75 Gambar 76 Gambar 77 Gambar 78 Gambar 79 Gambar 80 Gambar 81 Gambar 82 Gambar 83 Gambar 84 Gambar 85 Gambar 86 Gambar 87 Gambar 88 Gambar 89 Gambar 90 Gambar 91

Tampilan report PDF format .......................................................... Tampilan Open Dialog jika memilih tombol “No” ............................ Tampilan Cancel Design ............................................................... Tampilan Proyek Loading Frame................................................... Tampilan Frame Hasil ................................................................... Tampilan XY-Plotted...................................................................... Tampilan utama fitur “File” ............................................................. Tampilan utama fitur “About” ......................................................... Tampilan About ............................................................................. Tampilan Save File Dialog ............................................................. Tampilan Exit Dialog...................................................................... Tampilan Button Render 3D .......................................................... Tampilan 3D Settings .................................................................... Tampilan 3D Viewer ...................................................................... Tampilan Permeability test frame .................................................. Perubahan Save and show dialog report ....................................... Penambahan Menu Help ............................................................... File Help yang ditampilkan ............................................................

83 84 84 85 86 87 88 88 89 90 90 91 92 93 94 100 101 101

DAFTAR TABEL Tabel I Tabel II Tabel II Tabel III Tabel IV Table V Table V Tabel VI Tabel VI Tabel VII

Simbol-Simbol Activity Diagram ....................................................... Fitur JFC .......................................................................................... Fitur JFC (lanjutan) .......................................................................... Angka koordinat hasil perhitungan ................................................... New Design ..................................................................................... File Menu ......................................................................................... File Menu (lanjutan) ......................................................................... Input Data Design ............................................................................ Input Data Design (lanjutan) ............................................................ Kuesioner User ................................................................................

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN LAMPIRAN A KUISIONER LAMPIRAN B RIWAYAT HIDUP

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21 24 25 71 96 96 97 97 98 99

ABSTRAK. vii. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

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