ABSTRAK. Kata kunci : Implementasi, At-Tawasuth, Pendidikan Karakter

ABSTRAK Skripsi dengan judul “ Implementasi Nilai At-Tawasuth Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah (Moderat) dalam Pendidikan Karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung” ini ditulis oleh Nofita Andria Safitri, NIM. 2811133199, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan, Jurusan Pendidikan Agama Islam IAIN Tulungagung, yang dibimbing oleh Bapak Fatkhul Mujib.M.Ag Kata kunci : Implementasi, At-Tawasuth, Pendidikan Karakter Penelitian dalam skripsi ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan yang terjadi di masyarakat yaitu banyaknya aliran-aliran yang muncul di dalam agama Islam. Kemunculan ini mengakibatkan adanya pertentangan paham secara tajam yang sulit untuk di damaikan. Dampak dari kemunculan berbagai firqoh-firqoh (golongan) ini, masyarakat mengalami kebingungan dan kebimbangan. Sering di antara kelompok aliran Islam terjadi pemberontakan dan kekrasan. Dengan dalih ajaran merekalah yang paling benar. Padahal, secara substansi, ajaran Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah mengajarkan tentang prinsip-prinsip: Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun, dan Amr Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar. Pemahaman mengenai masalah tersebut sangat penting dalam ranah pendidikan karakter. Sebab pendidikan karakter merupakan bentuk kegiatan manusia yang di dalamnya terdapat suatu tindakan yang mendidik di peruntukkan bagi generasi selanjutnya. Dengan begitu, generasi anak bangsa akan lebih bijaksana dalam menghadapi problematika di masyarakat. Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana implementasi nilai At-Tawasuth Aqidah Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung? (2) Bagaimana implementasi nilai At-Tawasuth Ibadah Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung? (3) Bagaimana implementasi nilai At-Tawasuth Akhlak Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui implementasi nilai At-Tawasuth aqidah Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung. (2) Untuk mengetahui implementasi nilai At-Tawasuth ibadah Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung. (3) Untuk mengetahui implementasi nilai AtTawasuth akhlak Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah dalam pendidikan karakter di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan cara melihat dan mengamati fenomena di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung yang dianggap penting. Kemudian kejadian itu di catat sebagaimana terjadi pada keadaan sebenarnya. Kemudian wawancara mendalam ini dilakukan kepada para siswa dan guru. Sementara itu, dokumen dan penelitian ini berupa informasi tertulis dan xiv

bergambar yang berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan Implementasi Nilai At Tawasuth Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagung Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya penerapan nilai At-tawasuth Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah di MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagug dilakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan formal dan informal di bidang aqidah. Di bidang ibadah di terapkan dalam kegiatan pembiasaan amaliyah kepada peserta didik. Di bidang akhlak dikelompokkan ke dalam aspek keteladanan. Hasil dari implementasi tawasuth aqidah, ibadah dan akhlak adalah peserta didik di ajarkan agar tidak mudah mengkafirkan sesama muslim. Memposisikan diri dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dengan senantiasa berpanduan hukum. Menghargai perbedaan pendapat selama tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip ajaran agama Islam. Menerima dan mengembangkan segala bentuk kebudayaan yang baik untuk agama Islam. Bergaul baik antar sesama muslim maupun non muslim. Membangun pergaulan antar sesama manusia dengan dasar saling mengerti dan saling menghormati.

xv

ABSTRACT The thesis entitled "The Implementation of Value of At-Tasawuth of Ahlusunnah Wal Jamaah in Character Education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungung" was written by Nofita Andria Safitri, SRN. 2811133199, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching, Major of Islamic Education of IAIN Tulungagung, that was advised by Fatkhul Mujib, M.Ag. Keywords: Implementation, At-Tawasuth, Character education The research in this thesis based on the event by the problems that occurred in the community, namely the large number of schools that appear in the religion of Islam. This resulted in the emergence of the conflict understand keenly so it is difficult to be reconciled. The impact of the emergence of a variety of firqoh (Group) is that people are experiencing confusion and indecision. Often among the groups of the Islamic revolt and harassment. Under the pretext of teaching them the most right. Whereas, in substance, the teachings of Ahlussunnah Wal Jama'ah about teaches the principles of: Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun, and Amr Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar. The understanding of these issues is very important in the realm of character education. Because the character education is a form of human activity in which there is an action that is intended to educate the next generation. That way, the generation of children of the nation will be more prudent in dealing with problems in the community. The formulations of the problem in the writing of this thesis are: (1) how the implementation of value of Tawasuth Aqeedah of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung is? (2) How the implementation of value of Tawasuth Worship of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung is? (3) How the implementation of value of Tawasuth morals of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung is? As for the goals of this research are: (1) to find out the value of implementation of At-Tawasuth of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah aqeedah in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung. (2) to find out the value of implementation of At-Tawasuth of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah worship in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung. (3) to find out the value of implementation of At-Tawasuth of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah morals in character education in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques used in this research is observation, interview and documentation. The

xvi

observation is done by way of seeing and observing phenomena in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung which is considered important. Later the incident is recorded as occurred in the real situation. Then deep interview was done to students and teachers. Meanwhile, documents and research is in the form of a written and pictorial information relating to the implementation of the value At Tawasuth Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah in MA ASWAJA Ngunut, Tulungagung. The results of this research show that the application of At-tawasuth Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaa'ah in MA ASWAJA Ngunut Tulungagug done in the form of formal and informal activities in the field of aqidah. In the realm of worship in implementing activities in activities-conditioned to learners. In the field of morals, they are grouped into aspects of the models. The result of the implementation of the tawasuth faith, worship and morals is taught so that learners are not easily justifying the other fellow Muslims. Positioning themselves in the life of society who is always guided by the legal law. Appreciating the difference of opinions as long as it does not hit the principles of the religious teachings of Islam. Receiving and developing all forms of culture are good for Islam. Associating both between fellow Muslims or non-Muslims. Building relations between fellow human beings on the basis of mutual understanding and mutual respect.

xvii

‫خالصة‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اْلِر ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ف ِِف مدرسة الثانوية اهل‬ ‫أُطْ َ‬ ‫روحةُ ب ُعْن َوان " تَْنفيذ قيمة التواسط اهل السنه واجلماعة ِف تَ ْعليم ْ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اجلَ َذ ِعيَّةُ‪.‬‬ ‫ب ْ‬ ‫السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف تولونج اجونج " ُكتُبَ َها " نُفيَ تَا أَنَ َدراي سافيرتي"‪ُ ،‬عد َد الطَُّالَّ ُ‬ ‫‪ُ "،٩٩١١١١١١٢٢‬كلِيَّةُ التَّربِي ِة"‪ ،‬و " تَعلِيم الْعلُ ِوم"‪ ،‬د َّر ٍ‬ ‫اْل َدارةَ ِْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اْل ْس َال ِميَّةَ"‪ ،‬الَّ ِذي قَ َاد إاين تولونج‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫اسات " ْ َ‬ ‫اجونج ِم ْن فتح جمليب‪ ,‬املاجسرت‪.‬‬ ‫ْالرئِيِسيَّْةُ‪ :‬التَّ ْن ِفي ُذ‪ ،‬تواسط‪ ،‬الطَّابَ َع الت َّْربِيَةَ َوالت َّْعلِ َيم‬ ‫ات َّ‬ ‫الْ َكلِ َم ُ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ب الْم َشاكِ ِل الَِِّت ح َدثْ ِ‬ ‫روحةَ اِ ْستِنَ ًادا إِ ََل ْ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ت ِِف الْ ُم ْجتَ َم ِع‪ ،‬إال َوِه َي الْ َع َد ُد‬ ‫الْبَ ْح ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ث ِِف َهذه ْاْلُطْ َ‬ ‫اْلَ َدث ب َسبَ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اْلس َالِم‪ .‬وه َذا أ ََّدى إِ ََل ظُهور ِ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ث أَنهُ َم ِن َّ‬ ‫الصر ِاع فَ ُه ْم ََتمُّ َحْي ُ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫الْ َكبِريُ م َن الْ َم َدا ِر ِس الَِِّت تَظْ َهُر ِِف دين ِْ ْ‬ ‫الص ْع َ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫التَّوفِيق ب ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ ِ‬ ‫وعةَ) أ َّ‬ ‫ْي‬ ‫وعةُ ُمتَ نَ ِو َعةُ م ْن فَ َِريقُوهُ ََْم ُم َ‬ ‫هور ََْم ُم َ‬ ‫َّاس تُ َع ِاِن م َن ْاال ْرتبَاك َوالت ََّرُّدد‪َ .‬وَكث َريا َما بَ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ َ َْ َ‬ ‫ْي‪ .‬أُثَر ظُ ُ‬ ‫ُن الن ُ‬ ‫الْمجموع ِ‬ ‫ات ِْ ِ‬ ‫يس ِِلُم ا ْْلُ ُّق ْاْلَ ْكثَر‪ِِ .‬ف ِح َ ِ‬ ‫ت َّ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اليم‬ ‫َ ُْ َ‬ ‫اْل ْس َالميَّةَ الت ََّمُّرد َوتَ ْدفُ ُق‪ََْ .‬ت َ‬ ‫الذر َيعة للتَّ ْدر ِ ْ‬ ‫ْي‪ِ ،‬ف ا ْجلَْوَهر‪ ،‬يَ ْعلَ َم َتع ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اع ِة َوَوِل أهلوسونة َح ْو َل الْ َمبَ ِاد ِئ‪ :‬تواسط َوتُ َس ِام َح َوتَ َو ُاز ُن وْم ُرو َم ْعُروف ََن ِهي َعلَ ِيه‪ .‬فَ ُه ْم َه ِذهِ الْ َم َسائِ َل ُم ِه َّم‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫اط الْبشر ِِ ِي الَِِّت ي ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َّ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ُن تَعلِيم ِْ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ف إِ ََل‬ ‫وج َد إِ ْجَراُُ يَ ْه ِد ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫اْلَرف َشك َل م ْن أَش َكال الن َش َ َ َ‬ ‫ج َدا ِف ََمَال الت َّْعليم الطابَ َع‪ْ .‬ل َّ ْ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫يف ا ْجلِ ِيل الْ َق ِادِم‪ .‬وِِب ِذهِ الطَّ ِري َقةَ‪ ،‬سو َ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫تَثْ ِق ِ‬ ‫َّع ُام ِل َم َع الْ َم َشاكِ ِل ِِف‬ ‫يل ْاْلَطْ َفال ْاْل َُّمة أَ ْكثَ ُر َحذ ًرا ِِف الت َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ف يُ َكو ُن ج ُ‬ ‫الْ ُم ْجتَ َم ِع‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِصيَاغَةُ الْ ُم ْش ِكلَ ِة ِِف كِتَابٍَة َه ِذهِ ِ‬ ‫يدةَ أهلوسونة َوَوِل‬ ‫ف يَتَ َم تَنْفي ُذ قَيِ َمةُ َتواسوث الْ َعق َ‬ ‫الر َسالَةَ‪َ )١ (:،‬كْي َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ف يَتَ َم‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعل َيم ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع؟( ‪َ )٩‬كْي َ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعلِ َيم ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف‬ ‫تَْن ِفي ُذ قَيِ َمةُ َتواسوث الْعِبَ َادةَ أهلوسونة َوَوِل ْ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫العو نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع؟( ‪َ )١‬كي ِفيَّة تَْن ِف ِ‬ ‫يذ َتواسوث قَيِمةُ ْاْلخ َال ِق أهلوسونة ووِل ص ِ‬ ‫احبَةٌ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعلِ َيم‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ََ َ‬

‫ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اف ه َذا الْبح ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫يدةِ تَْن ِفيذ الْ ُم ْعتَ ِد ِل أهلوسونة َوَوِل‬ ‫ث‪ ،‬هي‪ )١ (:‬ل َم ْع ِرفَِة قَيِ َم ِة الْ َعق َ‬ ‫يما يَتَ َعلَّ ُق ِِب َْه َد َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َما ف َ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعلِ َيم ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع‪ )٩ (.‬تَْن ِفيذ قَيِ َم ٍة‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعلِ َيم ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت‬ ‫ف الْعِبَ َادةُ أهلوسونة َوَوِل ْ‬ ‫ُم ْعتَ ِدلَ ٍة تَ ْعُر َ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف الطَّابَ ِع الت َّْعلِ َيم ِِف مدرسة‬ ‫ىف التلو عا كو ع ‪ )١‬تَْن ِفيذ قَيِ َم ٍة ُم ْعتَ ِدلٍَة لِ َم ْع ِرفَِة ْاْل ْخ َال ِق أهلوسونة َوَوِل ْ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع‪.‬‬

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‫ِ‬ ‫ه َذا الْبح َ ِ‬ ‫ث نَوعي وص ِفي‪ .‬أَسالِيب ُِ‬ ‫ث ُه َو الْ ُم َالَ َحظَةُ‬ ‫ُج َع الْبَيَ َ‬ ‫ت الْ ُم ْستَ ْخد َمةُ ِِف َه َذا الْبَ ْح َ‬ ‫اَن ُ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫ث ُُب َ ْ ُ َ َ ٌّ َ ُ‬ ‫ص ِد الظََّو ِاه ِر ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو‬ ‫ت َوالْ َو ََئِ ُق‪ .‬الْ ُم َالَ َحظَةُ يَتِ ُّم َع ْن طَ ِر ِيق ُرْْيَِة َوُر َّ‬ ‫َوالْ ُم َقابِ َال ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اْل ِاد ِ‬ ‫ث َكالَِِّت ََتَدُّث ِِف الد َّْولَ ِة ُه َو ُحقًّا‪ُُ .‬ثَّ َجَّرى‬ ‫نوت ىف التلو عا كو ع الَّ ِذي يَ ْعتَِ َِب أ َّ‬ ‫يل َْ‬ ‫َمرا َه َاما‪ُُ .‬ثَّ يَتَ َم تَ ْسج ُ‬ ‫وب والتَّص ِوي ِريَِّة الْمعلُوم ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ب والْمعلِ ِمْي‪ .‬وِِف الْوقْ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ُّ ِ‬ ‫حوث ِِف َشك ِ‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ت نَ ْفسهُ‪ ،‬الْ َو ََئِ َق َوالْبُ َ‬ ‫ْل َمكْتُ ِ َ ْ‬ ‫َْ َ‬ ‫ح َو ُار َعميق للط َالَّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ‬ ‫يذ تَْن ِف ِ‬ ‫َّصلَةَ بِت ْن ِف ِ‬ ‫اع ِة َوَوِل أهلوسونة قَيِ َمةُ ُم ْعتَ ِدلٍَة ِِف مدرسة العالىة اهل السنة واجلماعة ىف العو نوت ىف‬ ‫يذ ْ‬ ‫الْ ُمت ِ َ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫التلو عا كو ع‪.‬‬ ‫نَتَائِ ُج َه ِذهِ الْبُحوث تَظْ َهُر أ َّ‬ ‫اعةَ ِِف َم ْد َر َس ِة ُعلْيَا تولوجناجوج جنونوت‬ ‫يق أهلوسونة ُم ْعتَ ِدلَةٌ َوَوِل ْ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫ُن تَطْبِ ُ‬ ‫الر ِْْسيَّ ِة ِِف ََم ِال الْع ِقيدةِ‪ .‬وِِف ََم ِال الْعِبادةِ ِِف تَْن ِف ِ‬ ‫اعةَ الْقيَ َام بِِه ِِف َشك ِ‬ ‫يذ‬ ‫أهلوسونة َوَوِل ْ‬ ‫الر ِْْسيَّ ِة َوغَ ِْري َّ‬ ‫ْل ْاْلَنْ ِشطَِة َّ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ََ‬ ‫اجلَ َم َ‬ ‫َّال‪ .‬وتَ ْدر ِ‬ ‫ْاْلَنْ ِشطَِة ِِف تَ ْكيِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َخ َالَ ُق َُْم ِم َعةُ ِِف ْ ِ ِ‬ ‫يجةُ‬ ‫ْي‪ِِ .‬ف ََمَال ْاْل ْ‬ ‫يف أ ََماليِيَّة ل ْل ُمتَ َعلم َ‬ ‫س نَت َ‬ ‫اجلََوانب َعلَى َسبيل الْ َمث َ ُ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫يذ معتَ ِدلَِة ْاْلميَ ِ‬ ‫ْي ِهي َال تُبَ ِرُر بِ ُسهولَِة َز ِ‬ ‫ث أ َّ‬ ‫سها‬ ‫ان َوالْعِبَ َادة َو ْاْل ْخ َال ِق َحْي ُ‬ ‫ميل الْ ُم ْسلم َ‬ ‫َن الْ ُمتَ َعلم َ‬ ‫لتَ ْنف ُ ْ‬ ‫ْي‪ .‬الْ َم َواق ُع نَ ْف َ‬ ‫الرأْي أَ ْكثَر َال ي ت عارض مع مب ِادئ الت عالي ِم الدَّيِنِيَّةِ‬ ‫ون‪ .‬نَ ْق ُدر ِْ‬ ‫ِِف حياة الْمجتَم ِع دائِما يستَ رِش ُد ِِبلْ َقانُ ِ‬ ‫ف ِِف َّ‬ ‫اال ْختِ َالَ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ََ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ََ ُ ْ َ َ ً َ ْ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْي َعلَى‬ ‫ْي َو َغ ِْري الْ ُم ْسلم َ‬ ‫ْي إِ ْخ َواننَا الْ ُم ْسلم َ‬ ‫يع أَش َكال الثَّ َقافَة َجيِ َدةُ ل ِْْل ْس َالِم‪ .‬اقْ َرتان بَ ْ َ‬ ‫ل ِْْل ْس َالم‪ .‬تُلَقي َوتَطْ ِو ُير َُج َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اس التَّ َفاه ِم الْمت ب ِاد ِل و ِْ‬ ‫أس ِ‬ ‫اال ْحِ َرت ِام الْ ُمتَ بَ ِاد ِل‪.‬‬ ‫َحد َس َواُ‪ .‬بِنَاُُ الْ َع َالَّقَات بَ َّ َ‬ ‫َّاس َعلَى َ‬ ‫ُ ُ ََ َ‬ ‫ْي الن ُ‬

‫‪xix‬‬