ABSTRAK
KANDUNGAN LOGAM BESI (Fe) DALAM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI KOTA BANDUNG
Margaret Yosephine Estevania, 2015 Pembimbing I : dr. Fen Tih, M.Kes Pembimbing II : dr. Grace Puspasari, M.Gizi Air merupakan kebutuhan utama dan mendasar dalam kehidupan. Manusia tidak dapat bertahan hidup lebih dari 4-5 hari tanpa minum air. Begitu pentingnya air minum bagi kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga air minum menjadi suatu barang mahal. Kebutuhan yang tinggi namun tidak sesuai dengan perekonomian masyarakat menengah ke bawah membuat banyak para wirausaha menjadikan keadaan ini lahan untuk membuka usaha. Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) yang banyak dibuka menjadi jawaban bagi permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya kadar besi diatas baku mutu dalam air minum isi ulang dari Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Bandung yang akan diteliti secara kuantitatif. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Diambil 30 sampel dari 20 % total populasi yaitu 150 DAMIU di Kota Bandung. Kandungan besi diuji dengan metode spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian, setelah pemeriksaan dari 30 sampel, didapatkan semua sampel air minum isi ulang kadar besinya dibawah 0,3 mg/l. Simpulan penelitian, tidak terdapat kandungan logam besi (Fe) diatas kadar maksimum yang diizinkan pada 30 sampel air minum isi ulang yang diambil dari Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Bandung. Kata kunci : air minum isi ulang, besi, spektrofotometri
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
ABSTRACT
FERROUS (Fe) CONTENT IN REFILLED DRINKING WATER AT BANDUNG CITY
Margaret Yosephine Estevania, 2015 1st Tutor : dr. Fen Tih, M.Kes 2nd Tutor : dr. Grace Puspasari, M.Gizi Water is a primary need in life. Human cannot survive more than 4-5 days without water intake. Nowadays, good quality drinking water has become more expensive. High demand of drinking water stimulates the spreading of refill drinking water depots which sell cheaper water than bottled water. The aim of this research was to determine whether there was over permitted level of ferrous content in refilled drinking water from depots around Bandung city. The research was a descriptive survey with cross sectional design. 30 samples were selected randomly from 150 registered depots in Bandung. Ferrous content was analyzed quantitatively with spectrophotometric method. Results showed that 30 samples did not have ferrous level content above permitted level which is <0,3 mg/L. Conclusion of this study is refilled drinking water from depots in Bandung contains ferrous below permitted level.
Keywords : refilled drinking water, ferrous, spectrophotometry
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Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR ISI
JUDUL..............................................................................................................
i
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN...........................................................................
ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN................................................................................
iii
ABSTRAK.......................................................................................................
iv
ABSTRACT......................................................................................................
v
KATA PENGANTAR....................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR TABEL...........................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR....................................................................................... xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1
Latar Belakang ..................................................................................
1
1.2
Identifikasi Masalah ..........................................................................
3
1.3
Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................
3
1.4
Manfaat Karya Tulis Ilmiah ..............................................................
3
1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis .................................................................
3
1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis ....................................................................... 3 1.5
Landasan Teori ................................................................................... 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Air minum ............................................................................................ 5 2.2 Syarat Kualitas Air Minum .................................................................. 5 2.2.1 Parameter Kimiawi .................................................................. 6 2.3 Besi (Fe) ............................................................................................... 7 2.3.1
Metabolisme Besi .................................................................... 7
2.3.2 Dampak Kadar Besi Diatas Baku Mutu ................................... 10 2.4 Deteksi Kadar Besi dalam Air Minum dengan Metode Spektofotometri .................................................................................. 11
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2.4.1 Prinsip Metode Spektofotometri ............................................. 11 2.4.2 Prinsip Pesawat Spektrofotometer .......................................... 12 2.5 Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang ................................................................ 12 2.5.1 Pengertian Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang .................................. 12 2.5.2 Peralatan Depot Air Minum .................................................... 13 2.5.3 Pedoman Cara Produksi Depot Air Minum yang Baik .......... 14
BAB III BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN 3.1
Alat dan Bahan Penelitian ................................................................... 23 3.1.1
Alat Penelitian ......................................................................... 23
3.1.2
Bahan Penelitian ...................................................................... 23
3.2
Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................................. 24
3.3
Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 24 3.3.1
Desain Penelitian ................................................................... 24
3.3.2
Besar Sampel Penelitian ......................................................... 25
3.4
Definisi Operasional ........................................................................... 25
3.5
Prosedur Kerja .................................................................................... 25 3.5.1 Pengumpulan data Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang Kota Bandung dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung ............. 25 3.5.2
Pengambilan Sampel ............................................................. 26
3.5.3
Cara Kerja dan Analisis Kadar Besi Secara Kuantitatif ....... 26 3.5.3.1 Cara Kerja................................................................ 26 3.5.3.2 Perhitungan Kadar Besi ........................................... 29
3.6 Penyajian Data ..................................................................................... 29
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Hasil Penelitian ..................................................................................... 30 4.2 Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 32
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Simpulan ............................................................................................... 33
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5.2 Saran ...................................................................................................... 33
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 34 LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................................... 37 RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................... 74
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel
Halaman
2.1 Kadar Baku Mutu Analisis Air Minum Parameter Kimiawi ...................... 6 4.1 Hasil Pemeriksaan Analisis Kandungan Besi (Fe) dalam Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Bandung .......................................................................... 31
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar Halaman 2.1 Absorbsi Zat Besi .......................................................................................... 8 2.2 Siklus Tansferin ............................................................................................ 9 2.3 Penyerapan dan Ekskresi Besi di dalam Usus Halus ..................................... 10 2.4 Proses Air Minum Isi Ulang ......................................................................... 19 2.5 Tampilan Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang ......................................................... 22
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1. Data Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang yang terdaftar di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung ........................................................................ 37 2. Surat Rekomendasi Penelitian dari Pemerintah Kota Bandung Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ....................... 42 3. Surat Pengambilan Data Penelitian dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung .......................................................................................... 43 4. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................................ 44 5. Gambar Alat dan Bahan ........................................................................... 50 6. Gambar Hasil Percobaan .......................................................................... 51 7. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia ................................... 52 8. Keputusan Menteri Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Republik Indonesia ................................................................................................... 61
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