+"%8%4,9

JEK T

6 [1] : 30 - 40

ISSN : 2301 - 8968

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JURNAL EKONOMI KUANTITATIF TERAPAN Vol. 6 No. 1 FEBRUARI 2013

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33


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Kerangka Konsep 3"361+:$-& 1#$7$& Pembangunan Jalan Darat "%8+83-@& Sorong - Maibrat A$36",& 5-6-,-7& /"05$#$0%$+& %0-."E 0-$& 3"3-,-%-& 1#$7$& Dampak Sosial : Dampak Ekonomi : 2$#$& 6"05$4$+4$+9& !"# Aksesibilitas (penghematan) 1.# Kegiatan ekonomi baru : 1#$7$& -+51#.0-& %"B-,9& a. Usaha jasa perdagangan & transportasi $"#Pola hidup sosial ekonomi R 1#$7$&2$#$&$+4%1.$+9& b. Usaha Industri kecil %"#Perumahan & pemanfaat listrik, MCK, air e c. penyediaan material untuk bangunan &"# Pemanfaatan teknologi k 1#$7$&6"0.$+-$+&5$+& d. pemanfaatan teknologi '"# Perubahan Perilaku masyarakat o 6"."0+$%$+&5$+&.",$7& 2.#Efisiensi biaya transportasi ("# Biaya Sosial m 3.#Tingkat pendapatan & Pemanfaan lembaga 3"3-,-%-& 013$7& e keuangan n 6"03$+"+& :$+4& /"0E 4.#Pola transaksi ekonomi d 213,$7& Pf& 0"#68+E a s 5"+& 5"+4$+& 6"+:"E i /$0$+&6"05-#.0-%&5$+& %$361+49& #"/$4$-& Analisis /"0-%1._& I$-.3$2-+& #"/$+:$%& R& 0"#68+E Analisis Hipotesis 1 & 2 5"+9& G1/"0-.$& S& 0"E #68+5"+& 5$0-& 5-#.0-%& Kesimpulan & Saran @7')'0*S( `%&)'*( QJ( 0"#68+5"+9&I$."483-& Sumber : Alur Pikir penulis, 2011 T*#'0+'(?%B'%(CHIIMW(1%(>*$*(\*)-'(T*$'/"3%(T"$'&'#S( QR(0"3!2#1"#(1'0%(1%3&%,(@%&%#72S(T*3*)*,(L(0"3!2#E 6"+",-.-$+&I$+&5$+&j7$+4'DNOOQ)'1%(].%#'S'6"+",-.-$+' 5"+&5$+&Z7$7-."&T&0"#6+5"+&5$0-&5-#.0-%&?-;$.@&A",$-+& Penelitian ini mendukung teori ekonomi pengangkutan yang dikemukakan e78+&H-#&="04"0?'."+.$+4&*"3/$+41+$+&e$,$+&H-+.$#& -.19&6"+",-.-&214$&3"3-,-7&/"/"0$6$&.8%87&3$#:$0$%$.& & oleh Adler,A. (1983); Teori dari Farris dan Harding dalam Anwar dan Tito <$,-3$+.$+J'6"+",-.-$+'>"0B8+&5$+&<0-#7+$+&DM[[S)&5-& %$361+4&#"/$4$-&.0D',/@#&%/@ (1996), teori Nasition (1999). Pembangunan jalan ini mendorong terjadinya ^&.%2!%'S(!"#"$%&%'#(='$)-"05'0)'%33(CQRR_WS(!"#"$%&%'#( & \.'#1,"0<( D"B7( E%$)"0<( 1%( ='02,2S( !"#"$%E pasar, !"#$%&%&'?-5#',-"5#*#6#"'8-.-$0)'(#"'8-&0M perpindahan dari 1'#( “ekonomi barter” menuju1'#( “ekonomi bahwa sebelum ada .-$+& $05$%9& /"5$& 0$.$E0$.$& 6"+5$6$.$+& #"/",13& isolasi wilayah dibuka berubah ke ekonomi pasar di pedesaan*"+412-$+& mulai berkembang. CHIIRWS( !"#"$%&%'#( 1%$',*,'#( ( @9.)'1( E%0)'#( 5$+& #"#15$7& 2$,$+& 5-,$%1%$+& #"B$0$& Sebagai pembanding7'#5( hasil penelitian ini yang menunjukkan bahwa6"3/$+41+$+& dampak DNOOf)'5-&'+58+"#-$@ #.$.-#.-%&5"+4$+&3"+441+$%$+&$,$.&12-&.&/"06$#$+4$+&

34

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10

D:%,"0+' )I)04))@& ?,$.& -+-& 5-41+$%$+& 1+.1%& 3",-7$.& M)&&1+.1%& 3"+412-& #-4+-;-%$+& .-5$%+:$& 6"+4$017& #"B$0$&#.$.-#.-%&&6"3/$+41+$+&2$,$+&5$+&.0$+#680.$#-& W$0-$/",& -+5"6"+5"+.& D6"3/$+41+$+& 2$,$+)&& #-4+-;-%$+& 3"36"+4$017-& 6"+5$6$.$+& 3$#:$0$%$.& ."07$5$6& W$0-$/",& 5"6"+5"+.& D3$+;$$.& "%8+83-& 5-41+$%$+&&6$%".&60840$3&#.$.-#.-%&A*AA&MM@P 5$+&A8#-$,)9&3$%$&5-41+$%$+,$7&.$/",&F0$"044,#/' jalan dan transportasi signifikan mempengaruhi pendapatan masyarakat O0,$9)4&:$+4&3"016$%$+&7$#-,&5$0-&$+$,-#$&AF!9& digunakan paket program statistik SPSS 11.5 !"#$%&%&''!"#$%"$#&'()*$&"+,-(.,/0'+-1'78EK> 1"#5'#()"#5')-%$(3&'#1'0(!02-'-%$%&'3(3%5#%6,'#3%( Analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) A$+.8#8@A@&DNOOf)9&3"+:$.$%$+&/$7U$&AF!&/"0-#-& !'1'(&'0'4(a(F(I%$'()'#'(!'1'(,2$2)(&'-"$( Santoso.S. (2007), menyatakan bahwa SEM berisi dua jenis model, yakni 51$& 2"+-#& 385",9& :$%+-& &0%4*"0&0/)& 385",& 5$+& ."0#"/1.& 3"+1+21%%$+& #-4+-;-%$++:$& 3$%$& -.1& measurement model dan struktural model. Measurement model adalah bagian 4)"*.)*"%3'385",@&K0%4*"0&0/)'&#+03'&$5$,$7&/$4-$+& /"0$0.-& /$7U$& 7-68."#$& 5-."0-3$9& 5"3-%-$+& 214$& dari model SEM yang menggambarkan hubungan antara variabel laten dengan 5$0-&indikator-indikatornya. 385",& AF!& :$+4&Sedangkan 3"+44$3/$0%$+& 71/1+4$+& hubungan Struktural model menggambarkan 3"-'$%,#7'S $+.$0$&W$0-$/",&,$."+&5"+4$+&-+5-%$.80E-+5-%$.80+:$@& N)&&41+$&3"3/1%.-%$+&/$7U$&-+5-%$.80E-+5-%$.80&:$+4& antara variabel-variabel laten atau variabel eksogen dengan variabel endogen. A"5$+4%$+& A)"*.)*"%3' 385",& 3"+44$3/$0%$+& Regresion Dengan demikain model yang digunakan adalah MRA atau (Multiple 5-41+$%$+&3"016$%$+&6"3/"+.1%&5$0-&6"+4$017& Analysis). Analisis Structural Equation Mondeling (SEM) ini 6"3/$+41+$+&&-+;0$#.01%.10&2$,$+&5$+&2"3/$.$+9& dilakukan 71/1+4$+&$+.$0$&W$0-$/",EW$0-$/",&&,$."+&$.$1&W$0-$/",& alat ini "%8+83-& 5$+& #8#-$,& #"0.$& /-$:$& #8#-$,& menggunakan program Analisis of Momen Struktural (AMOS). Dengan "%#84"+&5"+4$+&W$0-$/",&"+584"+@&>"+4$+&5"3-%$-+& 3$+;$$.& dapat diketahui apakah ada dampak atau pengaruh yang signifikan antara 385",& :$+4& 5-41+$%$+& $5$,$7& !k?& $.$1& DK*3),:30' #"/$4$-&W$0-$/",&P%)0/9&3$%$&6"0,1&5-12-&6%3,+,)%4' variabel independen dan dependen, dan seberapa kuat pengaruh atau dampak F0$"044,#/' L/%3D4,4)@& ?+$,-#-#&()"*;)*"%3' -M*%),#/' 5$+&"03,%1,3,)%4@& tersebut. Beberapa indikator yang dapat digunakan seperti disajikan pada tabel K#+03,/$&DAF!)&-+-&5-,$%1%$+&3"+441+$%$+&&60840$3& *"+412-$+& W$,-5-.$#& 5-,$%1%$+& 5"+4$+& B$0$& 3",-7$.& berikut. Beberapa aspek dan indikator penting yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian L/%3D4,4'#@'K#&0/'()"*.)*"%3&DLKN()@&>"+4$+&$,$.& /"#$0+:$&3#%+,/$'@%;)#"''DHI)&:$+4&/-#$&5-/"0-&#-3/8,&!@& SEM dapat ini, antara lain seperti yang diuraikan pada table berikut.Model analisis -+-&5$6$.&5-%".$71-&$6$%$7&$5$&5$36$%&$.$1&6"+4$017& G$#-,+:$&2-%$&+-,$-&HI&5$0-&#".-$6&%8+#.01%#-&,"/-7&5$0-&O9P& diformulasikan sebagai berikut : D!lO@P)&5"+4$+&+-,$-&608/$/-,-.$#&& !"#$"%&:(&&=.>*6&2?=&3+@3-&=*+,"+"68/8/&="+A""@&>"+&B8"C"&2./8"6&7*#$"+,3+"+&D"6"+ %10$+4&5$0-&Pm&D6nO@OP)9&3$%$& B",8&="/C"%"-"@&="C$%"@ Gambar 2. Model SEM untuk Menganalisis Manfaat dan Biaya Sosial Pembangunan Jalan Bagi Masyarakat Maybrat 5$6$.& 5-+:$.$%$+& 6%3,+& 6$5$& >9$*1.5?@#A4#$*B4%.%** ,6:7/*,C#")#D.9*1#$)2.%/* .-+4%$.&%"6"0B$:$$+&[Pm&$.$1& 5"+4$+&%$.$&,$-+&/$7U$&*/#1I F"#%#"#$#**>#9#$*,07/* ,C#")#D.9*1#$)2.%/* 40"60+6%",%130& 5$6$.& 5-1%10& E?5#A*F."5#$.$**G* F.5#$2#(#$*1HI***,6::/* 1#$2##(**8'%)#9* !"#$%&'"(#%)* 3"9'0'(3%5#%6,'#(!'1'(&%#5,'&( ,-#(.$/*,6:/* +#"#(*,-#(.$/**,0/* F"#%#"#$#**>.5D#(#$* ,0:/* B4%.%*5.5?@#A4#$* %"6"B$:$$+&[Pm&5"+4$+&3"+4E J%#A#*;#"?*(?5D?A*,6:=/ 8#"#$#*B$M4?(#*,0=/* 41+$%$+& 3$#-+4E3$#-+4& %8+E #.01%Œ"60+'6%",%130E'& F.5#$2##(#$*!.4$'9'M)* ;#"?*,6:N/ ;)#<#*1'@#9*J%#A#*,677/* \2-& W$,-5-.$#& /"0-%1.+:$& $5$,$7& 0",-$/-,-.$#9& :$-.1& -+E >?59#A*J%#A#*G*B%%.(* +.M"#@#%)*1'@#9*8'%)#9* ;)#<#**8'%)#9* 1#$2##(* ,67:/* ,6=7/** 5"%#& :$+4& 3"+1+21%%$+& #"E ,-#(.$/*,6=/* 34'$'5)*,-#(.$/* ,67/* 2$17& 3$+$& $,$.& 1%10& :$+4& F.$@#&#(#$*G*!#D?$M* 4.K.9#4##$*9#9?9)$(#%*G* @)*;#$4*,67=/* D.".@#"*5)"#%*,6=:/* 5-41+$%$+& 5$6$.& 5-$+5$,%$+& $.$1&5$6$.&5-6"0B$:$@&k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k",-$/-,-.$#&6$5$&6"+",-.-$+&-+-&5-7-.1+4&3"+441+$%$+& 5"6"+5"+9&5$+&#"/"0$6$&%1$.&6"+4$017&$.$1&5$36$%& 7#/4)"*;)'F03,%1,3,)D'Dok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

35


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