2013

Smart Grids Een puzzel met veel stukken Smart Grid School Pieter Verachtert 08/10/2013

Agenda 1. 2. 3. 4.

Smart Grids Flanders: an intro Today’s power grid Energy (r)evolutions What are Smart Grids today?

A growing non-profit organisation

SUPPLIER ASSOCIATION • • • •

Founded 2010 100 members (research, academic, industry) Strong board representing market Three main domains of activity - Home/Building intelligence - Grid intelligence - E-mobility • Information and facilitating as main role • Representing Flanders in Europe • Partnering with other associations

Informing ‘prosumers’ on the effect and the future of smart grid - Energy Market - Intelligent buildings & factories - Smart Industrial processes

Members & partners

Who is Smart Grids Flanders? 3 working groups with chairman and coördinator

Kris Van Daele Chairman

Jeroen Büscher (EnergyVille)

Peter Van Den Heede (ABB)

Eric Gielen (EnergyVille)

Els Descheemaeker (Essent.be)

Erik De Schutter (EnergyVille)

E-Mobility

Stefaan Mensaert (Nexans)

Grid Intelligence

Heidi Lenaerts Director

Dirk Van den Broecke

Natacha De Brauwer Assistente AD

Home Intelligence

Pieter Verachtert Program manager

SGF – EnergyVille partnership  EnergyVille as partner in KIC InnoEnergy

Agenda 1. 2. 3. 4.

Smart Grids Flanders: an intro Today’s power grid Energy (r)evolutions What are Smart Grids?

Traditional grid architecture

Bron: VREG

Traditional grid architecture  Production and load should be in balance at all times  Production is steered based on prediction of load  Small corrections needed due to prediction errors, emergency cases, etc.

No balance =

Agenda 1. 2. 3. 4.

Smart Grids Flanders: an intro Today’s power grid Energy (r)evolutions What are Smart Grids?

Energy (r)revolutions A. Global energy evolutions B. Grid impact of REN generation C. Other ‘new technologies’ & grid impact

Global energy evolutions

 World energy demand will increase with one third between 2015 and 2035  China and India will account for 50% of this increase.

Source VEA juni 2013

Global energy evolutions Energy self-sufficiency

Bron: IEA, 2012

Global energy evolutions

EU 20/20/20 (and beyond…)  20% less green house gas

 20% more efficient energy use  20% more renewable energy

What after 2020?  2030 framework for climate and energy  Roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon economy in 2050

Renewable energy production

Towards 100% renewable energy in Belgium by 2050 – feasible?

Renewable energy production Power production in Belgium:

Bron: CREG, 2011

Renewable energy production Centralized

Wind power plant at the Thornton Bank (C-Power)

Renewable energy production Decentralized

Photovoltaics (Katoen Natie – Antwerpen) 40 MWpeak

Wind power (Colruyt – Ghislengien) 2 MW – 4.4MIO kWh/year (estimated)

CHP (Greenhouse company – De Lier, NL)

Renewable energy in Flanders

Jaar van indienstname

Source: VREG

Energy (r)revolutions A. Global energy evolutions B. Grid impact of REN generation C. Other ‘new technologies’ & grid impact

REN intermittency Operating hours:  Wind = ± 2200 hours/year  PV-installation = ± 850 hours/year  CHP installation = > 4000 hours/year  Base load = ± 8760 hours/year

Balancing challenges Source: ELIA

∆ = 260 MW more generation

∆ = 633 MW more generation

Balancing challenges Bron: ELIA

∆ = 644 MW Day-ahead

∆ = 540 MW Intraday

Compare Doel 4 ≈ 1000 MW

Photovoltaics: challenge for the grid

Renewable energy – consequences  Characteristics sun – wind – water    

Limited predictability Limited or no controllability Low–, medium and high voltage Energy towards grid instead of only from

 Imbalance between supply and demand

Het overaanbod hernieuwbare energie doet de gemiddelde prijs dalen

Bron: sciencedirect.com

Het overaanbod hernieuwbare energie doet de gemiddelde prijs dalen? Lower?

Higher?

Source: Eurelectric

Demand side management needed? Past Control generation based on load-forecast

Now & future: Control ALSO the demand to compensate the uncontrollable generation units

The electricity grid: evolutions A. Global energy evolutions B. Grid impact of REN generation C. Other ‘new technologies’ & grid impact    

Combined Heat-Power Electrical vehicles Heat pumps - Geothermy …

Elektrische voertuigen

‘Proeftuinen’ Electric Vehicles

Smart Geotherm

Bron: WTCB

Illustratief voorbeeld

Evolutions summarized  More integration of renewables  Electrification of energy  Decentralised production: Consumer becomes producer  PROSUMER  Demand follows supply instead of controlled supply

Challenges of the grid  http://www.eandis.be/eandis/slimme_mete rs.htm

Agenda 1. 2. 3. 4.

Smart Grids Flanders: an intro Today’s power grid Energy (r)evolutions What are Smart Grids today?

Princess Elisabeth Antarctic Station

… leading to the realisation of the zero-emission energy systems of the Princess Elisabeth station in Antarctica

Compared to …

Source: Infrax

Traffic control compared to smart grid

Drivers towards Smart Grids Smart Grids will be needed to ensure supply security, connect and operate clean and sustainable energy, and give value for money Primary Energy Sources

Regulation of Monopolies

Reliability and Quality

Innovation and Competitiveness

Capacit y

Low Prices And Efficiency Environment Nature Preservation

Climate Change

Kyoto and Post-Kyoto

Flexibility = key  Traditioneel  gascentrale sturen

 Maar  Draaiuren gascentrale   Prijs gas   Meer hernieuwbare energie

 NU  WKK, biomassa, … sturen  VRAAG van energie sturen

Active demand control

Source: powerwise

Sources of flexibility

Demand side management needed? Past Control generation based on load-forecast

Now & future: Control ALSO the demand to compensate the uncontrollable generation units

Flexibility in storage  Hydro-centrales  Energie-eiland

Flexibility in cold storage

Sources of flexibility  Flexible consumption      

Dishwasher, washing machine Waste water treatment Cold storage Heat pumps with heat storage Electric hot water boilers Flexible recharging of EVs

 Flexible generation  “Traditional” generators (eg. gas turbine)  CHP with or without storage  Hydropower

Valorisation of flexibility: New tariffs  Peak – off-peak prices

 Time of use

Valorisation through capacity products Demand response 

Eindverbruiker verlaagt verbruik tijdens periode van onbalans in net



Op vraag van netbeheerder, aggregator of energieleverancier Volgens contract (Y-1) Vergoeding hangt af van aantal calls, timing DR-signaal en duur verbruikswijziging

 

Opbrengst? Voorbeeld: Crop’s = €9000 voor 680kW

(bron: restore.eu)

Valorisation through energy products Inspelen op prijsschommelingen op spotmarkt (DA en ID)

Valorisation through energy products • Inspelen op negatieve onbalansprijzen

Components in a smart grid  All above mentioned +     

Smart meter Gateways – interaction with customer Smart appliances Communication infrastructure …

Functionaliteiten slimme meter voor elektriciteit 



Informatie via webportaal Uitrol na testfase



Firmware update



Tweewegcommunicatie



Power Quality



Aan -en afschakelen





Time of use (T.O.U) tariefwissel

Meteruitlezing op vraag (MROD)



Regelen vermogen op afstand

Fraude detectie en preventie



Security





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Uitleesbaarheid op afstand van geïnjecteerde en verbruikte energie

Interface met de woning: verbruikspoort

3/09/13

SGF

Verbruikspoort 

De P1-of Home Area Network ( HAN )interface is toegankelijk via de poortmodule onderaan de slimme meter ( rood pijltje )



De verbruikspoort ( P1-poort ) is de 2de poort ( groen pijltje ) en is niet verzegeld



Connectie gebeurt via een standaard netwerkkabel



De verbruikspoort is standaard niet-actief, en moet door Eandis/Infrax geactiveerd worden ( privacy )



De netgebruiker kan zelf continu ( niet gevalideerde ) actuele meetdata opvragen

 het lastprofiel ( kwartierverbruiken ) van de laatste 24 uur  de actuele index

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SGF

Onderzoek stap voor stap 2009 2010 2011 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 …

Proefproject Leest & Hombeek Pilootproject Vlaanderen

Verdere uitrol?

4 300 meters • Test technologie • Onderzoek energieefficiëntie (tot medio 2013) • Praktijktest Linear actieve vraagsturing (tot medio 2014)

40 000 meters • Testen uitrolprocessen / aanpassing interne processen • Onderbouwen kostenbatenanalyse december 2013 • Onderzoek energie-efficiëntie

10/2012 : Richtlijn EED 2012/27 12/2013 : nieuwe kosten-batenanalyse 5/6/2014 : omzetting Richtlijn

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SGF

Energie-efficiëntie – conclusies algemeen  Resultaten na 1 jaar  Elektriciteit – Gezinnen met een slimme meter ( en verbruiksrapporten ) besparen significant meer dan gezinnen die enkel REG-communicatie ontvangen (Leest en Hombeek 4,5% - Vlaanderen 2,6%)

 Aardgas – Er is geen significante invloed van de slimme meters op het gasverbruik

 Gezinnen die besparen, zijn terug te vinden in alle segmenten, ook bij de initieel ‘niet geïnteresseerden’ Grootste besparingspotentieel ligt bij 80 % van de bevolking, met passieve interesse 59

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SGF

Gateways – interaction with customer

Electrabel (residential smart grids) Summerschool juni 2012\Presentaties\2012 06 21 5 Ann Goossens Filmpje.mpg

Smart appliances

Communication infrastructure Smart Grids require increased & two-way communication

Source: De Craemer, Deconinck, Analysis of the resilience of communication infrastructures on Smart Grid coordination strategies, 2010

What is a smart grid: summarized  Traditional grid     

Centralized power generation One-directional power flow Generation follows load Operation based on historical experience Limited grid accessibility for new producers

 Future grid      

Centralized and distributed power generation Intermittent renewable power generation Consumers become also producers Multi-directional power flow Load adapted to production Operation based more on real-time data

Bron: ABB

What is a smart grid: summarized Production

traditional power plants

solar generation

Smart Grid

Consumption

smart meters

smart house

wind farms plug-in vehicles

distributed generation

industry

Bron: ABB

More information

www.smartgridsflanders.be www.smartenergysolutions.be [email protected] +32 2 229 81 67 +32 471 92 55 73