CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ ENGLISH READING SKILLS AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 10 SURAKARTA IN 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR: A NATURALISTIC STUDY
RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
By: FITRIASARI A 320120229
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2016
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PRONOUNCEMENT I, whose autograph signed below, Name
: Fitriasari
NIM
: A 320120229
Program : English Education Department Title
: CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ ENGLISH READING SKILLS
AT
SMP
MUHAMMADIYAH
10
SURAKARTA
IN
2015/2016: A NATURALISTIC STUDY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper there is no plagiarism of the previous literary work which have been raised to obtain bachelor degrees of university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been written or published by others, except those in which the writing are referred manuscript and mentioned in the literary review and bibliography. Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, Mei 2016 The researcher,
Fitriasari A320120229
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APPROVAL
CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ ENGLISH READING SKILLS AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 10 SURAKARTAIN 2015/2016: A NATURALISTIC STUDY
RESEARCH PAPER
By: FITRIASARI A320120229
Approved to be Examined by Consultant
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Prof. Dr. Hj. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum
Nur Hidayat, M.Pd
NIK. 274
NIK. 771
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ACCEPTANCE
CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES USED BY THE TEACHER TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ ENGLISH READING SKILL AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 10 SURAKARTA IN 2015/2016: A NATURALISTIC STUDY
By: FITRIASARI A 320 120 229
Accepted and Approved by Board of Examiner School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners: 1. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum. (Fist Examiner)
(
)
2. Nur Hidayat,M.Pd. (Second Examiner)
(
)
3. …...................................... (Third Examiner)
(
)
Surakarta,........................2016 Muhammadiyah University School of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum. NIP. 19650428199303001 iv
MOTTO
Maka sesungguhnya bersama kesulitan ada kemudahan. Sesungguhnya bersama kesulitan ada kemudahan. (Surat Al-Insyirah ayat 5-6)
Bermimpilah setinggi langit, karena seandainya anda terjatuh, maka anda akan jatuh diantara bintang-bintang. (Ir. Soekarno)
Bermimpilah setinggi mungkin sertai usaha dan do’a. (The writer)
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DEDICATION
I gratefully dedicate this research paper to: My beloved mother and father All my lecturers All my friends All of person who always support me
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb Alhamdulillahi Rabbil ‘Alamin, Thanks to Allah who gives mercy and blessing to complete this research paper entitled “classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students’ English reading skills at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta in 2015/2016 academic year: a naturalistic study” as one of the requirements for getting bachelor degree of English Education Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Peace and mercy to our prophet Muhammad SAW the last messenger who guides us from the darkness to the lightness. For finishing this research paper, the writer gets much helps and suggestion from others. Therefore, she would like to express her greatest gratitude to the following people: 1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitnothe Dean of school of teacher training and education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, for approving this research paper, 2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Education Department and the second consultant who has already given a large of help, and clear information in conducting the research paper. 3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum as the first consultant who always gives guidance, knowledge, correction, advice and suggession in the process of doing this paper. 4. Nur Hidayat, M.Pd, as the second consultant who gives correction, knowledge, and guidance to improve writing on this research paper. 5. All lecturers in English Education Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who have given their knowledge and experience. 6. The Headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta for giving the writer permission to have research in her institution. 7. Daryati, S.Pd as the English teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta for giving complete information and allowing the writer to observe the teaching learning process. 8. My beloved parents, “thank you so much of for the pray, care, support, motivation, advice. You are everything for me.” vii
9. The writer’s best friend. Thank a lot for memorable and wonderful moment. 10. Her beloved friends. Thanks for nice togetherness and kindness. 11. All of the writer’s friends in English Department 2012. 12. All of her families, friends and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by one.
Finally, the writer realizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect. Supportive critics, comment, and suggestion from anyone are hoped and needed to make this research paper better. She hopes that this research paper would help the other researchers. Waalamualaaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh. Surakarta, Mei 2016 The researcher,
Fitriasari A320120229
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ABSTRACT This study is aimed to describe classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students’ English reading skill at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research especially naturalistic study. The method of collecting data in this research are observation, interview and document. The results of the research shows that there are some classroom techniques implemented by English teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta such as: reading aloud, translation sentence, silent reading, skimming and scanning, and question and answer. There are some classroom techniques used by the teacher and each classroom technique has purpose. The teacher has roles as controller, manager, facilitator, explainer, and motivator. The students have roles as subject of learning, object of learning, and monitor and evaluator of his own learning progress. There are some materials used by English teacher, such as: book, textbook, dictionary, another sources from internet as supplementary material. The roles of instructional materials are as a resource for presentation materials (spoken or written), as a reference source for learners on grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and so on, and as a resource of stimulation and ideas for classroom activities. The writer concludes that English teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta used several classroom techniques which can develop the students’ English reading skill. Various classroom techniques can make the students more interested, active and not bored in teaching reading proses. Key words: Classroom techniques of teaching reading, teachers’ role, students’ role, instructional material.
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ABSTRAK Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan teknik kelas yang digunakan oleh guru untuk mengembangkan keterampilan membaca bahasa inggris siswa di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta. Tipe penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, khususnya dengan menggunakan pendakatan naturalistik. Metode pengumpulan data di penelitian ini, yaitu, yaitu: observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen. Hasil dari peneliatian ini menyajikan beberapa teknik kelas yang diterapkan oleh guru bahasa inggris di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta seperti membaca dengan keras, menerjemahkan kalimat, membaca tanpa suara, skimming dan scanning, dan menanya dan menjawab. Ada beberapa teknik kelas yang digunakan oleh guru dan setiap teknik kelas mempunyai tujuan. Guru mempunyai peran sebagai pengontrol, pengelola, penyedia, penjelas, dan motivator. Siswa mempunyai peran sebagai subyek pembelajaran, obyek pembelajaran, dan monitor dan evaluator dari progres pembelajaran dia sendiri. Ada beberapa materi yang digunakan guru bahasa inggris, seperti: buku, LKS, kamus dan sumber yang lain dari internet sebagai materi tambahan. Peran dari materi pembelajaran sebagai sumber untuk presentasi materi (berbicara atau menulis), sebagai sebuah sumber referensi untuk siswa dalam tatabahasa, kosa kata, cara pengucapan, dan sebagai sebuah sumber pendorong and ide dari kegiatan kelas. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa guru bahasa inggris di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta menggunakan beberapa teknik kelas yang dapat mengembangkan keterampilan membaca bahasa inggris siswa. Berbagai teknik kelas dapat membuat siswa lebih tertarik, aktif, dan tidak bosan ketika proses mengajar membaca. Kata Kunci: Teknik kelas dari mengajar membaca, peran guru, peran siswa, materi pembelajaran.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
page TITLE
i
PRONOUNCEMENT
ii
APPROVAL
iii
ACCEPTENCE
iv
MOTTO
v
DEDICATION
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
vii
ABSTRACT
ix
ABSTRAK
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
xi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
1
A. Background of the Study
1
B. Problem Statement
5
C. Scope of the Study
5
D. Objective of the Study
6
E. Benefit of the Study
6
F. Research Paper Organization
7
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
8
A. Underlying Theory
8
1. Notion of Approach, Method, and Technique
8
2. Reading
9
a. Notion of Reading
9
b. Micro and Macro skills of Reading
10
3. Teaching Reading
11
a. Notion of Teaching Reading
11
b. Techniques of Teaching Reading
12
4. Teachers’ Role
16 xi
5. Students’ Role
18
6. Instructional Material
19
a. Definition of Instructional Material
19
b. Role of Instructional Material
20
B. Previous Studies
21
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
30
A. Type of the Research
31
B. Sites of the Research
31
C. Subject of the Research
32
D. Object of the Research
33
E. Data and Source of Data
33
F. Method of Collecting Data
34
G. Technique for Analyzing Data
35
H. Technique of Checking the Data Credibility
36
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Research Finding
37 37
1. Types of Classroom Technique in Teaching Reading
37
2. The Purposes in Using Each Technique of Teaching Reading
46
3. Teachers’ Roles
52
4. Students’ Roles
56
5. Instructional Material
59
B. Discussion
62
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, SUGGESTION
74
A. Conclusion
74
B. Pedagogical Implication
76
C. Suggestion
76
BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX
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