PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI KERUSAKAN TEKNIS JARINGAN WLAN DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING (STUDI KASUS: MH5 NETWORK)
TUGAS AKHIR
Disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk kelulusan Program Strata 1, Program Studi Teknik Informatika, Universitas Pasundan Bandung
oleh : Indra Gunawan nrp. 13.304.0018
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS PASUNDAN BANDUNG JULI 2016
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR
Telah disetujui dan disahkan Laporan Tugas Akhir, dari :
Nama : Indra Gunawan Nrp.
: 13.304.0018
Dengan judul : “PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI KERUSAKAN TEKNIS JARINGAN WLAN DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING” (STUDI KASUS: MH5 NETWORK)
Bandung, 3 Agustus 2016 Menyetujui,
Pembimbing Utama
(Doddy Ferdiansyah, S.T, M.T)
Pembimbing Pendamping
(Iwan Kurniawan, S.T, M.T)
ABSTRAK
MH5 netwok merupakan organisasi penyedia jaringan hotspot di suatu komplek daerah cipeundeuy. penyedia internet didukung dengan adanya perangkat wireless dan pengaturan jaringan Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) untuk kebutuhan koneksi internet oleh petugas pengelola jaringan (MH5 Network). Jaringan hotspot tersebut disebar menjadi empat titik hotspot. Adapun berbagai keusakan teknis timbul akibat adanya faktor alam, faktor manusia dan faktor alat. Untuk itu diperlukan adanya aplikasi sistem pakar. Pada Penelitian ini akan dilakukan Analisis dan Perancangan aplikasi sistem pakar, mulai dari analisis kerusakan teknis jaringan, topologi jaringan, dan kebutuhan sistem pakar. Rancangan aplikasi sistem pakar ini diterapkan di MH5 network berdasarkan kebutuhan untuk mempersingkat waktu dalam mendiagnosis suatu permasalahan teknis pada jaringan hotspot wilayah MH5 network. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menerapkan sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosis dan memberi solusi setiap permasalahan kerusakan jaringan hotspot di MH5 network. Kata Kunci : MH5, network, wireless, WLAN, hotspot, internet.
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ABSTRACT
MH5 network a hotspot network provider organization in a area Cipeundeuy. Internet providers supported by the wireless device and network settings Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) for the needs of internet connection by network management personnel (MH5 Network). The hotspot network distributed into four points hotspot. As for the various technical defects arise as a result of natural factors, human factors and factor appliance. It is necessary for the application of expert system. In This study will be Analysis and Design application of expert systems, ranging from technical damage analysis of network, network topology, and the need for expert systems. Application design expert system is applied in MH5 network based on the need to shorten the time in diagnosing a technical problem on the network hotspot MH5 area network. The goal of this research apply expert systems to diagnose and provide solutions to every problem of tissue damage in MH5 hotspot network. Keywords: MH5, network, LAN, WLAN, hotspot, internet.
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KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan rasa syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena berkat limpahan rahmat, hidayah, dan inayah-Nya maka Tugas Akhir ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Salam dan salawat semoga selalu tercurah pada baginda Rasulullah Muhammad SAW. Tugas Akhir yang berjudul " MENDETEKSI
KERUSAKAN
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK
TEKNIS
JARINGAN
WLAN
DENGAN
METODE
FORWARD CHAINING " ini kami susun untuk memenuhi persyaratan kurikulum sarjana
strata-1 (S-1) pada Jurusan Teknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan Bandung. Penulis mengucapkan rasa terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya atas semua bantuan yang telah diberikan. Secara khusus rasa terimakasih tersebut kami sampaikan kepada: 1. Bapak Doddy Ferdiansyah, S.T, M.T dan Bapak Iwan Kurniawan, S.T, M.T selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah memberikan bimbingan dan dorongan dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini. 2. Seluruh dosen dan karyawan Jurusan Teknik Informatika, Universitas Pasundan Bandung, atas ilmu, bimbingan dan bantuannya hingga penulis selesai menyusun tugas akhir ini. 3. Bapak Eka Sutisna Mpd dan Ibu Rani Rohdiani Spd, orang tua penulis, yang telah membesarkan dan mendidik, serta memberikan dukungan dan doa kepada penulis. 4. Yuyun Yuniarti yang telah berperan dalam waktu, usaha, bantuannya, semangat dan motivasinya. 5. Rekan-rekan di Jurusan Informatika, Universitas Pasundan Bandung. Penulis menyadari bahwa tugas akhir ini belum sempurna, baik dari segi materi meupun penyajiannya. Untuk itu saran dan kritik yang membangun sangat diharapkan dalam penyempurnaan tugas akhir ini. Terakhir penulis berharap, semoga tugas akhir ini dapat memberikan hal yang bermanfaat dan menambah wawasan bagi pembaca dan khususnya bagi penulis juga.
Bandung, Juli 2016 Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................................................i ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................ii KATA PENGANTAR...............................................................................................................iii DAFTAR ISI..............................................................................................................................iv DAFTAR TABEL....................................................................................................................vii DAFTAR GAMBAR...............................................................................................................viii BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN...................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Latar belakang ...................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah .........................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................................................1-1 1.4 Batasan masalah ................................................................................................................1-2 1.5 Metodologi Tugas Akhir ..................................................................................................1-2 1.5.1 Studi Pustaka dan Identifikasi Masalah .................................................................1-2 1.5.2 Pengumpulan Data dan Informasi ..........................................................................1-2 1.5.3 Analisis Jaringan WLAN .......................................................................................1-2 1.5.4 Perancangan ...........................................................................................................1-2 1.5.5 Hasil Perancangan ..................................................................................................1-3 1.5.6 Kesimpulan dan Saran ............................................................................................1-3 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan................................................................................................1-3 BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Sistem Pakar ......................................................................................................................2-1 2.1.1 Definisi Sistem Pakar ..............................................................................................2-1 2.1.2 Sejarah Sistem Pakar ...............................................................................................2-1 2.1.3 Konsep Dasar Sistem Pakar ....................................................................................2-3 2.1.4 Karakteristik Sistem pakar ......................................................................................2-3 2.1.5 Tujuan Sistem Pakar ...............................................................................................2-4 2.1.6 Keuntungan Pemakaian Sistem Pakar .....................................................................2-4 2.1.7 Kelemahan Pemakaian Sistem Pakar ......................................................................2-4 2.1.8 Bidang- bidang Pengembangan Sistem Pakar .........................................................2-5 2.1.9 Struktur Sistem Pakar ..............................................................................................2-6 2.1.10 Komponen-komponen Sistem Pakar .....................................................................2-8 2.1.11 Faktor Manusia Dalam Sistem Pakar .................................................................2-10 iv
2.1.12 Arsitektur Sistem Pakar .......................................................................................2-11 2.2 Teknik Inferensi...............................................................................................................2-11 2.2.1 Metode Runut Maju (Forwad chainig) ..................................................................2-11 2.2.2 Runut Balik (Backward Chaining) ........................................................................2-12 2.3 Pendahuluan Jaringan ......................................................................................................2-12 2.3.1 WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network) ...........................................................2-13 2.3.2 WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) ...............................................................2-14 2.3.3 WMAN ( Wireless Metropolitan Area Network ) ................................................2-14 2.3.4 WWAN: Wireless Wide Area Network ................................................................2-15 2.4 Modus WLAN .................................................................................................................2-15 2.4.1 Modus Ad-Hock ................................................................................................................ 2-16
2.4.2 Modus Infrastructure .............................................................................................2-16 2.5 Kelebihan Wireless LAN (WLAN) ................................................................................2-17 2.6 Media Transmisi .............................................................................................................2-18 BAB 3 ANALISIS................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Kerangka Tugas Akhir ......................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Skema Analisis ..................................................................................................................3-4 3.3 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3-5 3.4 Profil Secara Umum ..........................................................................................................3-5 3.5 Bahan dan Alat Penelitian .................................................................................................3-5 3.6 Analisis Pengguna............................................................................................................ .3-6 3.6.1 Admin ......................................................................................................................3-6 3.6.2 Operator ...................................................................................................................3-6 3.6.3 User / Pengguna ......................................................................................................3-7 3.7 Tools Monitoring Jaringan Hotspot...................................................................................3-9 3.8 Analisis Kerusakan Teknis Jaringan.......... .....................................................................3-10 3.9 Analisis Jaringan ............................................................................................................3-11 3.9.1 Alokasi IP Address ...............................................................................................3-11 3.9.2 Topologi Jaringan Hotspot Area ...........................................................................3-12 3.10 Perancangan ...................................................................................................................3-13 3.10.1 Blok Diagram Area Permasalahan ......................................................................3-13 3.10.2 Troubleshoot WLAN...........................................................................................3-14 3.10.2.1 Tujuan Pemilihan Troubleshoot Kerusakan Jaringan WLAN......................3-14 3.10.3 Identifikasi Permasalahan Keamanan Hotspot ................................................... 3-14 iv
3.10.3.1 Hasil Analisis Sistem ................................................................................... 3-16 3.10.3.2 Daftar Keterangan Permasalahan Kerusakan Jaringan WLAN.................. 3-16 3.10.3.3 Pohon Pelacakan Dan Pohon Keputusan.................................................................. 3-17
BAB 4 REPRESENTASI PENGETAHUAN........................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras Dan Lunak ...........................................................................4-1 4.2 Tujuan Penggunaan ...........................................................................................................4-1 4.2.1 Fungsi Sistem Pakar ................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2.2 Fungsi Untuk User....................................................................................................4-1 4.2.3 Fungsi Interaksi ........................................................................................................4-2 4.3 Analsis Kerusakan Teknis Jaringan WLAN..................................................................... 4-2 4.4 Diagram Relasi Entitas ......................................................................................................4-4 4.5 Perancangan Antarmuka ....................................................................................................4-4 4.6 Testing ...............................................................................................................................4-7 BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................................................5-1 5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................................................5-1 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.1 Kerangka Tugas Akhir............................................................................................3-1 Tabel 3.2 Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras ....................................................................................3-5 Tabel 3.3 Kebutuhan perangkat Lunak ...................................................................................3-6 Tabel 3.4 User Yang Terdaftar Pada Jaringan Hotspot ........................................................... 3-8 Tabel 3.5 Aplikasi monitoring jaringan hotspot area ............................................................. 3-9 Tabel 3.6 analisis masalah kerusakan teknis jaringan hotspot MH5 Network ...................... 3-10 Tabel 3.7 Penggunaan Perangkat Jaringan ............................................................................3-11 Tabel 3.8 Alokasi IP Address Hotspot Area MH5 Network .................................................3-11 Tabel 3.8 Daftar keterangan permasalahan teknis jaringan hotspot MH5 Network .............3-16 Tabel 3.9 Daftar keterangan permasahan teknis jaringan hotspot MH5 Network................3-16
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Metodologi Tugas Akhir......................................................................................1-2 Gambar 2.1 Struktur Sistem Pakar ..........................................................................................2-7 Gambar 2.2 Arsitektur Sistem Pakar .....................................................................................2-10 Gambar 2.3 Cara Kerja Metode Inferensi Runut Maju .........................................................2-12 Gamabr 2.4 Cara Kerja Metode Inferensi Runut Mundur .....................................................2-12 Gambar 2.5 Desain Jaringan WPAN .....................................................................................2-13 Gambar 2.6 Desain Jaringan WLAN .....................................................................................2-14 Gambar 2.7 Desain Jaringan WMAN....................................................................................2-15 Gambar 2.8 Desain Jaringan WWAN ...................................................................................2-15 Gambar 2.9 Modus Ad-Hock ................................................................................................2-16 Gambar 3.2 Skema Analisis ....................................................................................................3-4 Gambar 3.3 Topologi Logic Hotspot Area MH5 Network ...................................................3-12 Gambar 3.4 Topologi Fisik Hotspot Area MH5 Network .....................................................3-13 Gambar 3.5 Blok Diagram Permasalahan............................................................................. 3-14 Gambar 3.6 Pohon pelacakan kerusakan jaringan WLAN..................................................3-18 Gambar 3.7 Pohon Keputusan Sistem Pakar kerusakan jaringan WLAN............................. 3-18 Gambar 3.8 Pohon Keputusan Sistem Pakar kerusakan jaringan WLAN.............................3-19 Gambar 4.1 ER Diagram Sistem Pakar Jaringan WLAN........................................................4-4 Gambar 4.2 Perancangan Tampilan Halaman Utama Sistem Pakar........................................4-4 Gambar 4.3 Perancangan Antarmuka Halaman Dashboard....................................................4-5 Gambar 4.4 Perancangan Antarmuka Halaman Basis Masalah............................................ ..4-5 Gambar 4.5 Perancangan Antarmuka Pop-up Penambahan Daftar Kategori Permasalahan...4-6 Gambar 4.6 Perancangan Antarmuka Basis Pengetahuan.......................................................4-6 Gambar 4.7 Perancangan Antarmuka Pop-up Penambahan Basis Pengetahuan.....................4-7 Gambar 4.8 Perancangan Antarmuka Daftar Permasalahan................................................. ..4-8 Gambar 4.9 Perancangan Antarmuka Diagnosa Permasalahan...............................................4-8 Gambar 4.10 Perancangan Antarmuka Halaman Solusi Dari Permasalahan..........................4-9
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