PERANCANGAN ALAT PEMBERSIH SARINGAN UDARA (AIR FILTER) PADA MOBIL TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Kepada Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Program Strata Satu ( S1 ) Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Disusun Oleh : Bayu Suprayogi 201310120312129
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2016
KATA PENGANTAR
Dengan memanjatkan segala puji dan syukur kepada Allah SWT, yang memberikan limpahan rahmad dan hidayahnya, serta salawat dan salam kepada Rasulullah SAW, sehingga dapat terselesaikannya tugas akhir yang berjudul “PERANCANGAN ALAT PEMBERSIH SARINGAN UDARA (AIR FILTER) PADA MOBIL” akhirnya terselesaikan. Seiring penyusunan skripsi ini, terdapat hambatan serta rintangan yang di hadapi, namun berkat rahmad Allah SWT dan bantuan dari beberapa pihak segala kesulitan itu terasa ringan dan dapat teratasi. Ungkapan terimakasih yang sebesar besarnya atas jasa baik yang selama ini di terima, baik nasehat, petunjuk, ide, saran, serta bimbingan tersebut disampaikan kepada : 1. Papa, mama dan ade Nila tercinta yang selalu mendo’akan, membimbing, menasehati, membantu dan mengingatkan untuk jangan lupa solat, makan dan jangan nakal. 2. Ir. Daryono, MT dan Ir. Ali Mokhtar, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang telah memberikan bimbingan, arahan, masukan, ide, saran dan kemudahan hingga terselesaikannya skripsi ini. 3. Ir. Mulyono, MT selaku Dosen Wali yang selalu memberikan arahan, motivasi dan semangat yang membangun. 4. Bapak/Ibu Dosen Teknik Mesin beserta jajarannya yang juga telah membantu terselesaikanya skripsi ini. 5. Serta semua pihak yang belum tersebutkan, terimakasih atas bantuan dan doanya. Dalam tugas akhir ini, diharapkan semoga memberikan banyak manfaat baik bagi penulis sendiri atau pun bagi pembaca yang khususnya mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Malang, 17 Agustus 2016
Bayu Suprayogi
DAFTAR ISI POSTER...................................................................................................................ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN....................................................................................iii LEMBAR ASISTENSI TUGAS AKHIR..............................................................iv LEMBAR ASISTENSI TUGAS AKHIR...............................................................v LEMBAR SURAT PERNYATAAN.....................................................................vi ABSTRAK............................................................................................................vii ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................viii KATA PENGANTAR............................................................................................ix DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................x DAFTAR GAMBAR.............................................................................................xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang.......................................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah..................................................................................2 1.3 Tujuan....................................................................................................2 1.4 Manfaat..................................................................................................2 1.5 Batasan Masalah.....................................................................................3 BAB II TINJAUWAN PUSTAKA..........................................................................4 2.1 Pengertian Debu.....................................................................................4 2.2 Pengertian Filter Udara..........................................................................6 2.3 Jenis - Jenis Filter Udara........................................................................7 2.4 Cara Kerja Penyaringan Udara............................................................11 2.5 Sistem Pemasukan Udara.....................................................................12 2.5.1 Natural Aspirated Engine......................................................13 2.5.2 Turbocharger Engine............................................................13 2.5.3 Turbocharger Aftercooler Engine........................................15
2.5.4 Jacket Water Aftercooler.....................................................17 BAB III METODOLOGI PERANCANGAN.......................................................18 3.1 Diagram Aliran Perancangan..............................................................18 3.2 Penjelasan Diagram Aliran Perancangan...........................................19 3.3 Data Perancangan...............................................................................19 3.4 Konsep Desain.....................................................................................21 3.5 Perhitungan Komponen.......................................................................22 3.6 Evaluasi................................................................................................23 3.7 Gambar................................................................................................23 3.8 Proses Pembuatan................................................................................23 3.9 Hasil Rancangan..................................................................................24 BAB IV PERHITUNGAN DAN PEMBAHASAN...............................................25 4.1 Debu.....................................................................................................25 4.2 Filter Udara..........................................................................................25 4.3 Perhitungan Tekanan Udara...............................................................27 4.4 Perhitungan Putaran Penutup Filter.....................................................28 4.5 Perhitungan Kapasitas..........................................................................33 4.5 Perhitungan Kecepatan dan Debit Air................................................34 BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.................................................................37 5.1 Kesimpulan..........................................................................................37 5.2 Saran....................................................................................................38 DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................39 LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Filter Udara..........................................................................................5 Gambar 2.2 Filter Udara Serat kertas berkulita tinggi............................................8 Gambar 2.3 Filter Udara bahan kapas ....................................................................9 Gambar 2.4 Filter Udara dari bahan karet busa (sarang lebah)............................10 Gambar 2.5 Filter Udara dari bahan baja tahan karat (Stainless Steel) ..............11 Gambar 2.6 Natural aspirated engine.....................................................................12 Gambar 2.7 Turbocharger engine..........................................................................13 Gambar 2.8 Turbocharger......................................................................................14 Gambar 2.9 Turbocharged aftercooler engine......................................................15 Gambar 2.10 Air to air aftercooler.........................................................................16 Gambar 2.11 Jacket water aftercooler...................................................................16 Gambar 2.12 Separate circuit aftercooler..............................................................17 Gambar 3.1 Diagram alir perancangan..................................................................18 Gambar 3.2 Pembersihan filterudara......................................................................20 Gambar 3.3 Konsep Mesin Pembersih Saringan Udara (Air Filter) Pada Mobil..23 Gambar 3.3 Gambar Mesin Pembersih Saringan Udara (Air Filter) Pada Mobil.24 Gambar 4.1 Filter udara pada mobil......................................................................26 Gambar 4.2 Penempatan filter pada alat...............................................................26 Gambar 4.3 Pipa udara...........................................................................................27 Gambar 4.4 Tutup filter dan roda Pemutar............................................................28 Gambar 4.5 Tabung pembersih..............................................................................33 Gambar 4.6 Pipa air................................................................................................35
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Sularso, SugaKiyokatsu.1978. Dasar Perencanaan dan Pemilihan Elemen Mesin. Jakarta. PradnyaParamita. Modul Belajar. 2009. Preventive Maintenance Scania.Technical Training epartement, Jakarta. PT. United Tractors, Tbk. Shoop Manual Heavy Dump Truck 465-7R.Training Centre Department. PT. United Tractors Tbk. Operation Manual And Maintenance HD 785-5, Co. LTD Japan Training Center Dept. (2004), Basic Competency 1, Jakarta: PT. United Tractors Training Center Dept. (2004), Basic Competency 2, Jakarta: PT. United Tractors. Darmawan, Iwan (2008) : Merawat Dan Memperbaiki Mobil Bensin, 69-89. Auto 2000, Dasar – Dasar Auto Mobil, Jakarta, Toyota Astra Motor Tiraimagnet. 2013. “Bahaya Debu Bagi Kesehatan” (online) (http://tiraimagnetmurah.com)
