A4, 80gram Margin: left= 4 cm, Logo President University tinggi = 1,78” lebar= 1,58”
Bottom=right= top= 3 cm (Paragraph Spacing Before & After = 0 pt)
2 spasi single , TNR 16 Center, TNR 16 Bold , Single
PANDUAN PENULISAN SKRIPSI PADA PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS PRESIDEN 6 enter spasi single TNR 16 (dapat disesuaikan jika judul terlalu panjang/ pendek)
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Oleh Johan Oscar NIM: xxxxxxxxx 5 enter spasi single TNR 14
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Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Akademik Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Strata Satu pada Fakultas Teknik Program Studi Teknik Industri
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2012
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LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING 2 enter spasi 1.5 , TNR 16
Skripsi berjudul “Increasing Line Efficiency in W1234 by using Time TNR 14 spasi 1,5
Study and Line Balancing (A case study in PT XI)” yang disusun dan diajukan oleh Yosi Twentiarani sebagai salah satu persyaratan untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana Strata Satu (S1) pada Fakultas Teknik telah ditinjau dan dianggap memenuhi persyaratan sebuah skripsi. Oleh karena itu, Saya merekomendasikan skripsi ini untuk maju sidang. 2 enter spasi 1.5 , TNR 14
Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012
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Herwan Yusmira, Bsc. MET, MTech. (Nama Pembimbing)
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi berjudul
“Increasing Line
Efficiency in W1234 by using Time Study and Line Balancing (A case study in PTXI)” adalah hasil dari pekerjaan saya dan seluruh ide, pendapat atau materi dari sumber lain telah dikutip dengan cara penulisan referensi yang sesuai.
Pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenar-benarnya dan jika pernyataan ini tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan maka saya bersedia menanggung sanksi yang akan dikenakan pada saya.
Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012
Yosi Twentiarani
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN 1 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 16
center, TNR 16 Spasi 1,5
INCREASING LINE EFFICIENCY OF W 1234 BY USING TIME STUDY AND LINE BALANCING (A case study in PTXI) 2 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 16
Oleh Yosi Twentiarani ID No. 00420080023 1 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 14
Disetujui Oleh
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TNR 12, Spasi 1,5
Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech Pembimbing 1
Johan Oscar Ong, ST., MT. Pembimbing 2
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TNR 12, Spasi 1,5
Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech Ketua Program Studi Teknik Industri
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ABSTRAK 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
Abstrak ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan menggunakan jenis huruf Times New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5. Abstrak meliputi seluruh proses riset/penelitian dimulai dari latar belakang masalah, metodologi penelitian dan hasil. Kata kunci: minimum 6 kata kunci
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ABSTRACT 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
Abstrak dalam bahasa Inggris ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan menggunakan jenis huruf Times New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5 dan miring (Italic). Keywords:
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KATA PENGANTAR 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
Segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas segala berkat dan karuniaNya, penulis mampu menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi.
Laporan skripsi ini tidak akan terwujud tanpa dukungan dari berbagai pihak melalui bantuan, dorongan, dan doa. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada: 1.
Kedua orang tua saya yang telah mencurahkan kasih sayangnya selama ini.
2.
Bapak Herwan selaku pembimbing skripsi dan Ketua Program Studi Jurusan Teknik Industri (Times New Roman 12pt dengan spasi 1.5, tidak ada penambahan spasi sebelum dan sesudah paragraph (do not add space between paragraphs))
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ....................................................... i LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ..................................................... ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ v KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vi DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x DAFTAR ISTILAH .............................................................................................. xi BAB I PENDAHULIAN ...................................................................................... 1 1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................... 1 1.2. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 4 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................... 4 1.4. Batasan Masalah..................................................................................... 5 1.5. Asumsi.................................................................................................... 5 1.6. Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 5 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.......................................................................... 9 2.1. Vehicle Routing Problem ....................................................................... 9 2.1.1
Definition ...................................................................................... 9
2.1.2
Basic VRP Model.......................................................................... 10
2.1.3
2.1.2.1
Travelling Salesman Problem ........................................... 10
2.1.2.2
Set Part Partitioning .......................................................... 11
VRP Classifications ...................................................................... 12
2.2. Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window (VRPTW) ....................... 14 2.3. Vehicle Routing Problem with Multiple Trips (VRPMT) ...................... 15 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.............................................................. 33 3.1. Observasi Pendahuluan .......................................................................... 33 3.2. Identifikasi Permasalahan ...................................................................... 34 3.3. Tinjauan Pustaka .................................................................................... 36
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3.4. Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data ....................................................... 36 3.4.1 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 36 3.4.2 Pengolahan Data ................................................................................ 36 3.5. Analisis ................................................................................................... 37 3.6. Kesimpulan dan Saran............................................................................ 37 BAB IV PENGOLAHAN DATA DAN ANALISI .............................................. 38 4.1. Initial Efficiency..................................................................................... 38 4.2. Improvement through Kaizen 555 ......................................................... 39 4.3. Analisis ………………………………………...………………………50 BabV SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................................ 78 5.1. Simpulan ................................................................................................ 78 5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................... 79 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 80 LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................... 81 Lampiran 1 Picture of Equipments ........................................................ 81 Lampiran 2 OPC of W1234 before Observation.................................... 86
(Times New Roman 12pt with 1.5 line spacing, no adding space between lines)
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DAFTAR TABEL 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
Tabel 3.1 Comparison table among four techniques of work measurement .... 10 Tabel 3.2 Westinghouse System Scoring ......................................................... 12 Tabel 4.1 Performance factor calculation ........................................................ 15
(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan table pada bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Tabel 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3 dan merupakan tabel pertama pada bab 3)
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DAFTAR GAMBAR 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
Gambar
3.1 Example of Operation Process Chart ......................................... 9
Gambar
3.2 An example of precedence diagram ............................................ 11
Gambar
4.1 Flowchart of simulation making ................................................. 14
(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan gambar pada bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Gambar 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3 dan merupakan gambar pertama pada bab 3)
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DAFTAR ISTILAH Balance delay : the amount of idle on production assembly lines caused by the uneven division of work among operators and stations
Cycle time
: the period required to complete one cycle of an operation, or to complete a function, job, or task from start to finish
(Times New Roman 12pt with 1.5 line spacing, no adding space between lines)
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BAB I PENDAHULUAN (TNR 16, 1.5space) 2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12
1.1.Latar Belakang Masalah Having high efficiency is very beneficial for a company. One of the benefits is related to the internal of the company itself. When the efficiency is high, it means that all resources such as men, raw material, machines, and space are wellutilized. Thus, excess resources can be allocated for other projects. Moreover, the company could also spend proper cost of production when the efficiency is high. Another benefit is increase the value of the company in the midst of business competition. The company will be able to produce more output with a shorter lead time in fulfilling demand from customers. Those are some benefits of having high efficiency.
1.2.Rumusan Masalah The background of the problem leads into the statement below.
What is the root cause of having low line efficiency in costume sewing of W1234?
How to increase the line efficiency in costume sewing of W1234?
1.3.Tujuan Penelitian The main objective of this research is to increase the line efficiency in from 57.6% into 90%. Absolutely, it also means that the target output will be achieved, 500 finished costumes a day. Thus the overtime will be eliminated. By doing this final project, there are some secondary objectives could be achieved. Those are:
Removing hand-to-mouth system
Reducing cost of production
1.4.Batasan Masalah Due to limited time and resources in doing this research, there will be some scope in the observation:
1
The observation is only done in dress part of W1234.
This project is done in October, 12 -20, 2011.
Adding or eliminating sewing operator could be executed by Sewing Production Department.
1.5.Asumsi (jika ada) Some assumptions have to be made in order to run this model properly.
There will be no defect in the midst of sewing process.
The target output is always the same.
1.6.Sistematika Penulisa Bab I
Pendahuluan This chapter consists of the background of final project, project identification, objective, scope and assumption of the study.
Baba II
Tinjauan Pustaka This chapter delivers the previous study about time study, line balancing, and other tools which support this final project.
Bab III
Metodologi Penelitian The flow of this final project is explained in this chapter.
Bab IV
Pengolahan Data dan Analisis The data observation is processed and analyzed in this chapter. The result of data analysis is a new arrangement of line W 1234 which expected to increase the line efficiency.
Bab V
Kesimpulan dan Saran This chapter will give the conclusion result of this final project, and also recommendation for future research.
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BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1.Normality Test Beside the normality, the uniformity of the data also needs to be examined. A set of data may fulfill the law in normality test but the variance is too wide. Thus the data is significantly different one another. Therefore, a limit must be created in this test to make sure that all data is in expected range area. If it is found a data outside the limit, that data must be removed. These are the steps to determine the uniformity of a set of data: a. Calculate average observed time ( ̅ ) for each operation. ∑
̅
(2-1)
b. Calculate the standard deviation (s) of each operation (Wignjosoebroto, 2000). √∑ ̅
(2-2)
(All equations have to be numbered by number of chapter following the order of the equation in the chapter. For instance, equation 2-1can be found in chapter 2 and located at the second equation).
(All table, figures, drawings and half-tone illustrations (pictures) should, as far as possible, appear in appropriate place within the body of the text, and must be in a form suitable for printing. The alignment of a figure is in center and in left for a table. Figures should be in frameless format)
Table 4.1 Sewing line efficiency of W1234 (TNR 11pt bold) Date
Operator
10-Oct-11 11-Oct-11 14-Oct-11 15-Oct-11
9 9 9 9
Total
Overtime (hours) 16 16 34 30
Output (in thousand) 0.3 0.375 0.5 0.5
141
2.535
Line Efficiency 44.6% 55.8% 61.8% 64.2%
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Initial Observation in Kaizen 555 120
Time (s)
100 80 Initial Observation in Kaizen 555
60 40 20 0 1
2
3
4
5 6 Workstation
7
8
9
Figure 4.1 Yamazumi Chart of W1234 in the initial observation by Kaizen 555 team (TNR 11pt Bold)
Citing References
The references should be listed in the alphabetical order of the author names and in the order of the publication years within the same author’s works. Each reference should be written in the order of the authors, the publication year, the title or source. Journal names, names of conferences, proceedings, and book titles should be italicized and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except for the conjunctions and articles. The article title should be written between apostrophes, e.g., ”The Example of….” and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except for the conjunctions and articles. The volume, series and pages are written consecutively. The three or more authors of a reference should be written as the first author followed by 'et al.', for instance, (Forza et al.,1993) at the end of a sentence, Forza et al. (1993) in a sentence. It is recommended to avoid referring a Web source since the availability is not secured. If there is an official document source, for instance, a journal paper, for the same document, please refer the official document. However, you may sparingly use Web sources. In the case, when available, the title, the author name, and the year should be clarified in addition to the detailed address.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1 enter single space, TNR 12
Forza, C., Vinelli, A., and Filippini, R., Telecommunication Services for Quick Response in the Textile-Apparel Industry, Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Logistics, The University of Nottingham, 1993, pp. 119-26. Holmes, C. C., and Mallick, B. K., Generalized Nonlinear Modeling with Multivariate Free-Knot, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 98(462), 2003, pp. 352-365. Klir, J., and Yuan, B., Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications, Prentice-Hall, New Delhi, 2001. Lyche, T., and Morken, K., Spline Methods, Draft, 2004, retrieved from http://www.ubuion./umn/english/index.html on 09 November 2009. Mallian, H., Studi Literatur tentang Model Peramalan ARMA(p,q) dan Selang Keper-cayaan Parameter Model dengan Menggunakan Bootstrap, Tugas Akhir, Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Kristen Petra, Surabaya, 2006.
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LAMPIRAN
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