FORUM GROUP DISCUSSION APLIKASI SESAME DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN
Overview Sistem SESAME : Teknologi dan Sistem Monitoring Gambut by :
DR.IR. BAMBANG SETIADI, IPU Chairman of National Research Council Sentul, Bogor, 16 Maret 2016
Suhu dingin
Hujan yang melimpah
SUNGAI KAPUAS
SUNGAI KAHAYAN
112 KM
TANDON AIR !!!!
BENGAWAN SOLO
548 km
BATANGHARI 800 km.
1.178 km
MEMBERAMO
670 km
MUSI 750 km
BARITO 900 km SUNGAI MAHAKAM
SUNGAI KAPUAS
920 km
2. DAYA SIMPAN AIR GAMBUT
Kadar bahan organik Porositas Kerapatan jenis Kapasitas memegang air
= = = =
Sumber : Prof.Tejoyuwon
70% b 85% v 0,1 -0,2 850% b – 3000% Gambut fibrik
Gambu
1. Kerapatan jenis gambut
0,1
0
2. Kapasitas memegang air maksimum
900%
4
3. Kapasitas penambatan Air (mm/tebal 1m)
900
8
4. Rata-rata menambat air (mm) 5. Lahan gambut PLG 24% dari 1 jt Ha (Ha) 6. Kedalaman rata-rata (m) 7. Jumlah air yang dapat ditambat :(m3)
850 240.000 3 61,200.000.000
8. Jumlah curah hujan (mm)
3.200
9. Jumlah aliran permukaan (mm/th)
2.008
10. Jumlah aliran permukaan yg terbentuk di 1 jt ha (m3) 11. Bagian air yang ditambat gambut (%) 12. Jumlah waduk di Indonesia 13. Kemampuan menyimpan waduk (m3) 14. Kemampuan gambut menambat air di lahan 1 jt Ha dibanding kapasitas waduk di Indonesia
20. 000.000.000 31% 53
91.700.000.000 66,7%
JUMLAH CURAH HUJAN
FORMASI SANGAT RATEGIS !!!!
……..SELAMA 11 TAHUN……..
HOME MADE TENSIOMETER
SENSOR AND CONTROLER
GYPSUM BLOCKS AND READER
NEUTRON PROBE
RESEARCH IS CREATING NEW KNOWLEDGE.
SESAME AND FUTURE RESEARCH STRATEGY
PENURUNAN PERMUKAAN LAHAN GAMBUT
BUKU FAO
TIGA AREA PENGUJIAN HUTAN ASELI (UF)
Since Jul. 2004
GAMBUT DIKERINGKAN(DF)
Since Apr. 2004
GAMBUT DIKERINGKAN SETELAH TERBAKAR (DB)
Since Nov. 2001 （photo by Prof. Hirano)
UF
Swamp forest with little drainage
1.74 gC/m2/y
DF
Drained swamp forest
3.28 gC/m2/y
DB
Drained burned swamp forest
4.99 gC/m2/y
Hirano, Sega, Kusin, Limin, Takahashi and Osaki Effects of disturbances on the carbon balance of tropical peat swamp forests, Global Change Biology (2012) 18:3410-3422
NEE: Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange
NEE (gC m-2 y-1)
NEE TAHUNAN dan RATA2 MUKA AIR TANAH 700 600 500 400 300 200 UF 100 DF DB 0 -100 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0
●UF NEE=-2376GWL-151 ●DF NEE=-1609GWL-510 ●DB NEE=-789GWL+378
GWL (m)
Hirano et al.(2012), GCB
FICIENT MANAGEMENT THE MULTI-PURPOSE DAM AND DATA OLLECTION FOR THE IMATE CHANGE WITH EAL-TIME TELEMETRY SYSTEM (SESAME SYSTEM)
JATILUHUR DAM
KATULAMPA DAM
ME(ID)
Taka 1
Taka 4
Taka 5
Taka 6
Taka 7
Taka 8
Taka 9
aka 10
Sat 01
Sat 02
Sat 03
Sat 04
Sat 05
Sat 06
Base 1
Base 2
Base 3
Base 4
SESAME 2 SITE
OWNER
Taruna Camp Kapuas Oil Palm Sebangau Camp Tumbang Miri River Pontianak Oil Palm Kahayan River Banjarbaru Soil Jember Soil PLW 01 Jatiluhur dam Sebangau River PLW 02 PLW 03 KTG 03 Taruna Reforest Plot-1C/Sebangau Forest Plot-1B/Sebangau Forest Kalampangan Forest
UNPAR UNPAR Kyoto UNPAR UNPAR UNPAR UNPAR Midori ICCC HU HU ICCC ICCC ICCC HU HU HU HU
ICCC: Indonesia Clim Change Center, UNPAR: University of Palangka Raya, ISARI: Indonesian Swampland Agricultu Institute, ICCRI: Indonesian Co & Cocoa Research Institute, BNT: PT Bayu Nusa T HU: Hokkaido Univ., YGU: Yamaguchi University, Kyoto: Kyo University, Midori: Midori Engine Co LTD,
DI LAHAN GAMBUT :
1. KEBASAHAN DAN KEKERINGA YANG MENENTUKAN TINGK ANCAMAN KEBAKARAN GAM 2. DINAMIKA KARBON - CADANGAN KARBON - EMISI KARBON
3. PROYEKSI PARAMETER IKLIM
DI SUNGAI DAN WADUK: 1. LUAPAN AIR SUNGAI 2. VOLUME AIR WADUK 3. ANCAMAN BANJIR
DATA MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION 1. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY 2. NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL GEOPHYSIC AGENCY 3. WEATHER MODIFICATION TECHNICAL UNIT – ICTC – BPPT 4. NATIONAL PEAT RESTORATION AGENCY 5. KEMENHUTLH
GEOSTECH BPP TEKNOLOGI 1.UNIVERSITY OF PALANGKARAYA 2.UNIVERSITY OF TANJUNG PURA 3.UNIVERSITY OF JAMBI 4.UNIVERSITY OF RIAU
5.UNIVERSITY OF GADJAH MADA 6. JAKARTA DIEARCHSASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY 7. LOCAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
FRAME WORK ; TO PROMOTE SESAME TECHNOLOGY FOR MEASUREMENT OF CARBON EMISSION IN TROPICAL PEATLAND
ANTU OPERASI N BUATAN
SISTEM PENCEGAHAN KEBAKARA SESAME
GWL predicting model
3 days ahead
red; observation blue; prediction
GWL n days ahead
7 days ahead
still in progress
DEMONSTRASI SESAME
PRIORITAS REHABILITASI GAMBUT TROPIKA 1. KUBAH DAN AIR DI LAHAN GAMBUT 2. PENGELOLAAN PERMUKAAN AIR GAMBUT /REWETTING DAN PERIKANAN 3. PENGELOLAAN KARBON (PENYERAPAN DAN PENGENDALIAN KEBAKARAN) 4. PENGENDALIAN SUNGAI, TABAT, PENGGUNAAN BAHAN LOKAL. 5. PENERAPAN PRINSIP PENGAIRAN GRAVITASI KE LUAPAN PASANG SURUT
S rs tro to rm ng o r win li g ds Fl htn as in h g Sa flo n d od H st o ea rm t D wa en ve D es se er fo tl oc Dro g u s ug t h Ea sw t a A r Sm vi t hq rm ok ati o ua e , n h ke s D us aza t o rd rH s Fo M Ha a z re ar il s e st ine to W or h rm a t wi a za er l d bo la rd s rn nd e f R h a ire iv z er ar fl o ds C od ol in H dw g ea av vy e sn C oa Ts o w u st al na m flo i Ai o rb A Vo v di n or a g lc ne an lan ha c i h c za e e rd Sto ve La ou rm nt nd s s s sl su urg id bs e ta e Tr o r m nc o p u es ic ds al l cy ide cl on e
Th un de
Number of Countries Affected by Hazard
Number of responding countries who identified themselves as being affected by specific hazards 14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Top 10 hydrometeorologoc hazards: - strong winds sand storms, - thunderstorm or lightning, - heat wave - flash floods - dens fog
-
drought
FIRE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
RESEARCH BASE
REWETTING TROPICAL PEAT IS : - SUSTAINABLE STRATE - WITHOUT UTILITATION OF PEAT OR PEAT FOR
RE-EDUCATION
REDUCING EMISSION
REVEGETATION
RECHARGE
TARGET AREA
Jack Rieley, Hidenori Takahash Bambang Setiadi (2015)
FIRE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
RESEARCH BASE
SERIES DATA
RE-EDUCATION
• •
REDUCING EMISSION
REVEGETATION
RECHARGE
TARGET AREA
LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENT O
REAL TIME DATA
SESA
FOREST AND NON FOREST TREE ECONOMIC NON ECONOMIC PLANT DOME: WATER CATCHMENT FLAT : POND AND DAM SUPPORT BY LOCAL COMMUNITY
DR.HARIS GUNAWAN Deputi Bidang Riset dan Pengembangan Badan Restorasi Gambut
2014
2013
2015
[email protected] HP 0816 188 5152
