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DAFTAR ISI

TUGAS AKHIR............................................................................................................ i LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ........................................................................................ ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................ iii MOTTO & PERSEMBAHAN ................................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. v ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... vii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ viii DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL...................................................................................................... xv DAFTAR GRAFIK.................................................................................................... xx DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... xxii BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................................ 1 1.1

Latar Belakang ................................................................................................ 1

1.2

Cakupan Tugas Akhir ...................................................................................... 3

1.3

Batasan Tugas Akhir........................................................................................ 3

1.4

Tujuan Tugas Akhir ......................................................................................... 4

1.5

Manfaat Tugas Akhir ....................................................................................... 4

BAB II DASAR TEORI 2.1 Dasar teori .............................................................................................................. 5 2.1.1 Definisi Jalan .................................................................................................. 5 2.1.2 Klasifikasi Jalan .............................................................................................. 6


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2.1.2.1 Klasifikasi Jalan Menurut Fungsi jalan ................................................... 6 2.1.2.2 Klasifikasi Jalan Menurut Peranan Jalan ................................................. 6 2.1.2.3 Klasifikasi Jalan Menurut Kelas Jalan ..................................................... 8 2.1.2.4 Klasifikasi Jalan menurut Medan Jalan ................................................... 8 2.1.2.5 Klasifikasi Jalan Menurut Wewenang Pembinaan Jalan ......................... 9 2.1.3 Daerah Bebas Jalan ....................................................................................... 10 2.1.3.1 Ruang Manfaat Jalan (RUMAJA) ......................................................... 10 2.1.3.2 Ruang Milik Jalan (RUMIJA) ............................................................... 13 2.1.3.3 Ruang Pengawasan Jalan (RUWASJA) ................................................ 13 2.2 Jenis Kerusakan ................................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Retak (cracks)................................................................................................ 15 2.2.1.1 Retak Rambut (Hair Cracks).................................................................. 15 2.2.1.2 Retak Kulit Buaya (Alligator Cracks) ................................................... 16 2.2.1.3 Retak Pinggir (Edge Cracks) ................................................................. 17 2.2.1.4 Retak Sambungan Bahu dan Perkerasan (Edge Joint Cracks) .............. 17 2.2.1.5 Retak Sambungan Jalan (Lane Joint Cracks) ........................................ 17 2.2.2 Distorsi (Distorsion)..................................................................................... 18 2.2.2.1 Alur (Ruts) ............................................................................................. 18 2.2.2.2 Bergelombang (Coguration).................................................................. 18 2.2.2.3 Sungkur (Shoving) ................................................................................. 19 2.2.2.4 Amblas (Grade Depressions) ................................................................. 19 2.2.2.5 Jembul (Upheaval) ................................................................................ 19 2.2.3 Cacat Permukaan (Disintegration) ............................................................... 20 2.2.3.1 Lubang (Pothole) ................................................................................... 20 2.2.3.2 Pelepasan Butir (Raveling) .................................................................... 21 2.2.3.3 Pengelupasan Lapisan (Stripping) ......................................................... 21


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2.2.4 Pengausan (Polished Agregat)..................................................................... 21 2.2.5 Kegemukan (Bleeding/Flussing)................................................................. 22 2.2.6 Penurunan Pada Bekas Utilitas (Utility Cut Depression) ............................ 22 2.3 Konsep Pemeliharaan Jalan ................................................................................ 23 2.3.1

Klasifikasi Pemeliharaan Jalan................................................................... 24

2.3.2

Klasifikasi Jalan dan Tingkat Pelayanan .................................................... 25

2.3.3

Klasifikasi Jalan dan Tingkat Kondisi Jalan .............................................. 25

2.3.4

Drainase Jalan ............................................................................................ 26

2.4 Perencanaan Tebal Perkerasan ........................................................................... 27 2.4.1 Menentukan Daya Dukung Tanah Dasar (DDT) ........................................ 29 2.4.2 Menentukan umur rencana (UR) ................................................................. 30 2.4.3 Menentukan Faktor Pertumbuhan Lalu Lintas (i %) ................................... 30 2.4.4 Menentukan Tingkat Lalu Lintas Harian Rara-Rata (LHR)........................ 30 2.4.5 Menentukan Angka Ekivalen masing-masing Kendaraan .......................... 30 2.4.6 Menentukan Faktor Regional (FR).............................................................. 32 2.4.7 Menentukan Indeks Permukaan (IP) ........................................................... 34 2.4.8 Mencari Nilai Indeks Tebal Perkerasan (ITP) ............................................. 36 2.4.9 Angka Ekivalen beban gandar pada sumbu kendaraan ............................... 38 2.5

Metode Pavement Conditons Index (PCI) ........................................................ 40

2.5.1

Deformasi ................................................................................................... 40

2.5.1.1 Alur (Rutting) ....................................................................................... 40 2.5.1.2 Bergelombang (Corrugation) ............................................................... 41 2.5.1.3 Sungkur (Shoving) ................................................................................ 42 2.5.1.4 Amblas (Depression) ............................................................................ 42 2.5.1.5 Mengembang (Swell) ............................................................................ 43 2.5.1.6 Benjol dan Turun (Bump and Sags) ..................................................... 44


2.5.2

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Retak (Crack)............................................................................................. 44

2.5.2.1 Retak Kulit Buaya ................................................................................ 45 2.5.2.2 Retak Memanjang dan Melintang......................................................... 45 2.5.2.3 Retak Reflektif Sambungan .................................................................. 46 2.5.2.4 Retak Blok ........................................................................................... 48 2.5.2.5 Retak Slip ............................................................................................ 48 2.5.3

Kerusakan di Pinggir Perkerasan................................................................ 49

2.5.3.1 Retak Tepi ............................................................................................ 49 2.5.3.2 Jalur/Bahu turun ................................................................................... 50 2.5.4

Kerusakan Tektur Perkerasan .................................................................... 51

2.5.4.1 Lubang ................................................................................................. 51 2.5.4.2 Pelapukan dan Butiran Lepas .............................................................. 52 2.5.5

Kegemukan (Bleeding/Flussing) ............................................................... 53

2.5.6

Agregat Licin (Polished Agregate) ........................................................... 54

2.5.7

Tambalan dan Tambalan Galian Utilitas................................................... 54

2.5.8

Persilangan Jalan Rel (Railroad Crossing) ............................................... 55

2.5.9

Kadar Kerusakan (Density) ....................................................................... 56

2.5.10 Nilai Pengurangan (Deduct Value(DV) ..................................................... 57 2.5.11 Total Deduct Value (TDV)........................................................................ 67 2.5.12 Corrected Deduct Value (CDV) ................................................................ 67 2.5.13 Nilai Kondisi Perkerasan (PCI) ................................................................. 68 2.5.14 Klasifikasi Kualitas Kerusakan ................................................................. 68 2.5 Jenis Pemeliharaan Berdasarkan Nilai PCI........................................................ 69 2.6 Metode Perbaikan............................................................................................... 71 2.6.1

Metode Perbaikan P1 (Penebaran Pasir) ................................................... 71

2.6.2

Metode Perbaikan P2 (Laburan Aspal Setempat) ..................................... 71


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2.6.3

Metode Perbaikan P3 (Melapisi Retak)..................................................... 72

2.6.4

Metode Perbaikan P4 (Pengisian Retak) ................................................... 73

2.6.5

Metode Perbaikan P5 (Penambalan Lubang) ............................................ 73

2.6.6

Metode Perbaikan P6 (Perataan) ............................................................... 75

BAB III METODOLOGI ......................................................................................................... 76 3.1

Metode Survey ............................................................................................... 76

3.2

Lokasi Survey ................................................................................................ 76

3.3

Teknik Pengumpulan Data............................................................................. 77

3.3.1

Data yang Diperoleh................................................................................. 77

3.3.2

Peralatan yang Digunakan........................................................................ 77

3.4

Analisis Hasil Survey..................................................................................... 80

3.5

Tahapan Survey.............................................................................................. 80

BAB IV HASIL SURVEY DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................................. 81 4.1

Jalan Tentara Pelajar ....................................................................................... 81

4.2

Inventarisasi Jalan........................................................................................... 81

4.3

Kerusakan Jalan .............................................................................................. 81

4.4

Deduct value ................................................................................................... 81

4.5

Corrected Deduct value ( CDV )..................................................................... 97

4.6

Pavement Condition Indeks ( PCI ) .............................................................. 104

4.7

California Bearing Ratio ( CBR ).................................................................. 107

4.8

Data Lalu Lintas Harian rata - rata ( LHR ) .................................................. 128

4.9

Perencanaan Tebal Perkerasan ...................................................................... 129

BAB V RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA ......................................................................... 136 5.1

Jenis pekerjaan .............................................................................................. 136

5.2

Perhitungan Volume Pekerjaan ..................................................................... 136

5.2.1

Pekerjaan Latasir .................................................................................... 136

5.2.2

Bahan pengisi ( Filler )......................................................................... 138


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5.2.3

Pekerjaan Taburan Pasir ......................................................................... 139

5.2.4

Pekerjaan lapis resap pengikat Aspal cair ( Tack Coat ) ....................... 140

5.2.5

Pekerjaan AC-WC Modifikasi (AC-WC Mod) grading halus/kasar...... 142

5.2.6

Marka jalan thermoplastic ...................................................................... 145

5.3

Analisa harga Satuan Pekerjaan .................................................................... 147

5.4

Analisa Biaya Pekerjaan ............................................................................... 148

5.5

Managemen waktu Pelaksanaan Proyek ....................................................... 150

5.6

Kurva S ......................................................................................................... 151

BAB VI KESIMPULAN & SARAN ..................................................................................... 153 6.1

Kesimpulan ................................................................................................... 152

6.2

Saran.............................................................................................................. 153

PENUTUP................................................................................................................ 154 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 155


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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1

Klasifikasi jalan menurut Kelas Jalan ......................................................

Tabel 2.2

Klasifikasi jalan menurut Medan Jalan....................................................

Tabel 2.3

Kualitas drainase

Tabel 2.4

Koefisien distribusi kendaraan (C)

Tabel 2.5

Fakor regional (FR)

Tabel 2.6

Indeks permukaan pada awal umur rencana (IPo)

Tabel 2.7

Indeks permukaan pada akhir umur rencana (IPt)

Tabel 2.8

Penentuan nomogram ITP

Tabel 2.9

Konfigurasi beban sumbu

Tabel 2.10 Identifikasi kerusakan alur Tabel 2.11 I dentifikasi kerusakan bergelombang (Corrugation). Tabel 2.12 I dentifikasi kerusakan sungkur (Shoving). Tabel 2.13 Identifikasi kerusakan amblas (Depression). Tabel 2.14 Identifikasi kerusakan mengembang (Swell). Tabel 2.15 I dentifikasi kerusakan benjol dan turun (Bump and Slags). Tabel 2.16 I dentifikasi kerusakan retak kulit buaya (Alligator Crack). Tabel 2.17 Identifikasi kerusakan retak memanjang dan melintang. Tabel 2.18 identifikasi kerusakan retak refleksi sambungan . Tabel 2.19 identifikasi kerusakan retak Tabel 2.20 identifikasi kerusakan retak slip (Slippage Crack) Tabel 2.21 identifikasi kerusakan retak pinggir (Edge Cracking). Tabel 2.22 identifikasi kerusakan jalur/bahu turun . Tabel 2.23 identifikasi kerusakan lubang (Pothole).


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Tabel 2.24 identifikasi kerusakan pelapukan dan butiran lepas Tabel 2.25 identifikasi kerusakan kegemukan (Bleeding/Flussing). Tabel 2.26 identifikasi kerusakan agregat licin (Polished Agregate). Tabel 2.27 identifikasi Tambalan dan Tambalan Galian Utilitas (Patching and Utility Cut Patching) Tabel 2.28 identifikasi kerusakan Persilangan Jalan Rel (Railroad Crossing) Tabel 2.29 Nilai Kondisi Jalan Tabel 3.1

Formulir survey Kerusakan jalan...........................................................

Tabel 3.2

Formulir survey Inventarisasi jalan .......................................................

Tabel 4.1

Inventarisasi Jalan tentara Pelajar (STA 0 + 000 – STA 0 + 550).........

Tabel 4.2

Inventarisasi Jalan tentara Pelajar (STA 0 + 600 – STA 1+ 150)..........

Tabel 4.3


Tabel 4.4


Tabel 4.5

C o n t o h Perhitungan Densitas & Deduct Value Kerusakan Dengan

metode PCI STA 0+450 - 0+450 ................................................................................ Tabel 4.6

Perhitungan Densitas & Deduct Value Kerusakan Dengan metode

PCI STA 0+000 – 0+050 s/d STA 0+300 – 0+350..................................................... Tabel 4.7










PCI STA 1+750 – 1+800 s/d STA 1+900 – 1+950.....................................................


Tabel 4.12

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C o n t o h Perhitungan Densitas & Deduct Value Kerusakan Dengan

metode PCI.................................................................................................................. Tabel 4.14

C o n t o h Perhitungan Corrected Deduct Value STA 1+700 – STA

1+750 .......................................................................................................................... Tabel 4.15

Perhitungan Corrected Deduct Values STA 0+050 – STA 0+350......

Tabel 4.16

Perhitungan Corrected Deduct Value STA 0+350 – STA 0+700 .......

Tabel 4.17

Perhitungan Corrected Deduct Value STA 0+700 – STA 1+050 .....

Tabel 4.18


Tabel 4.19


Tabel 4.20


Tabel 4.21

Perhitungan nilai PCI Tiap Segmen....................................................

Tabel 4.22

Pengujian DCP di Titik 1 ....................................................................

Tabel 4.23


Tabel 4.24


Tabel 4.25


Tabel 4.26


Tabel 4.27


Tabel 4.28


Tabel 4.29


Tabel 4.30


Tabel 4.31

Pengujian DCP di Titik 10 ..................................................................

Tabel 4.32

Nilai CBR terkecil tiap titik ................................................................

Tabel 4.33

CBR Rata-rata 90% ............................................................................

Tabel 4.34

Data lalu lintas harian rata – rata Jalan Tentara pelajar ......................


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Tabel 4.35

Nilai LHR Jalan Tentara Pelajar .........................................................

Tabel 4.36

perhitungan Nilai LHR Tentara Pelajar ..............................................

Tabel 4.37

Konfigurasi beban sumbu kendaraan ..................................................

Tabel 4.38

Perhitungan Angka Ekivalen ( E ) masing-masing kendaraan ...........

Tabel 4.39

Perhitungan Lintas Ekivalen Kendaraan.............................................

Tabel 5.1

Tabel Pekerjaan Latasir......................................................................

Tabel 5.2

Lanjutan Tabel Pekerjaan Latasir .......................................................

Tabel 5.3

Pekerjaan Bahan pengisi ( Filler ) ......................................................

Tabel 5.4

lanjutan Pekerjaan Bahan pengisi ( Filler ) ........................................

Tabel 5.5

pekerjaan taburan pasir .......................................................................

Tabel 5.6

Pekerjaan resap lapis perekat Tack Coat.............................................

Tabel 5.7


Tabel 5.8


Tabel 5.9

Perhitungan Volume pekerjaan AC-WC modified .............................

Tabel 5.10


Tabel 5.11


Tabel 5.12

Analisa Harga Satuan Pekerjaan .........................................................


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DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 2.1

Korelasi DDT dan CBR........................................................................ 29

Grafik 2.2

Nomogram 4 ITP .................................................................................. 37

Grafik 2.3

Deduct Value for Rutting ..................................................................... 57

Grafik 2.4

Deduct Value for Corrugation .............................................................. 58

Grafik 2.5

Deduct Value for Shoving .................................................................... 58

Grafik 2.6

Deduct Value for Depression ............................................................... 59

Grafik 2.7

Deduct Value for Swell ........................................................................ 59

Grafik 2.8

Deduct Value for Bump and Sag .......................................................... 60

Grafik 2.8

Deduct Value for Aligator cracking ..................................................... 60

Grafik 2.10 Deduct Value for Longitudinal/Tranversal Cracking ........................... 61 Grafik 2.11 Deduct Value for Joint Reflection Cracking ........................................ 61 Grafik 2.12 Deduct Value for Block Cracking ........................................................ 62 Grafik 2.13 Deduct Value for Slippage Craking...................................................... 62 Grafik 2.14 Deduct Value for Edge Cracking.......................................................... 63 Grafik 2.14 Deduct Value for Lane/shoulfer drop off ............................................. 63 Grafik 2.16 Deduct Value for Pothole ..................................................................... 64 Grafik 2.17 Deduct Value for Weathering and Raveling ........................................ 64 Grafik 2.18 Deduct Value for Polished Aggregate .................................................. 65 Grafik 2.19 Deduct Value for Bleeding ................................................................... 65 Grafik 2.20 Deduct Value for Patchung & Utility Cut Patching ............................. 66 Grafik 2.21 Deduct Value for Rairoad Crossing ..................................................... 66 Grafik 4.1

Korelasi Nilai DCP dan CBR ........................................................ 107


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Grafik 4.2

Hubungan kumulatif tumbukan dan kumulatif penetrasi di titik 1 ..... 109

Grafik 4.3


Grafik 4.4


Grafik 4.5


Grafik 4.6


Grafik 4.7


Grafik 4.8


Grafik 4.9


Grafik 4.10 Hubungan kumulatif tumbukan dan kumulatif penetrasi di titik 9..... 124 Grafik 4.11 Hubungan kumulatif tumbukan dan kumulatif penetrasi di titik 10... 125 Grafik 4.12 Hubungan CBR & % CBR Lebih....................................................... 127 Grafik 4.13 Korelasi DDT dan CBR...................................................................... 129 Grafik 4.14 Indeks tebal perkerasan (ITP) Ruas jalan tentara Pelajar ................... 134


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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Penampang Melintang Jalan ............................................................ 14 Gambar 2.2 Retak kulit buaya (Alligator Crack) ................................................ 16 Gambar 2.3 Bergelombang (Coguration) ............................................................ 19 Gambar 2.4 Lubang (Pothole) ............................................................................. 20 Gambar 2.5 Kegemukan (Bleeding of Flussing) ................................................. 22 Gambar 2.6 Hubungan antara kondisi, umur, dan penanganan jalan .................. 23 Gambar 2.7 Lapis perkerasan jalan ..................................................................... 26 Gambar 2.8 Nilai Kondisi Perkerasan (PCI) dan Tingkat Kerusakan ................. 69 Gambar 3.1 Lokasi Jalan Tentara Pelajar.......................................................... 76 Gambar 3.2 Mendimensi Kerusakan Jalan ……………………………………78 Gambar 3.3 Diagram alir survey ......................................................................... 81 Gambar 3.4 Diagram alir DCP ............................................................................ 82 Gambar 3.5 Diagram alir Survey kerusakan & Inven Jalan ................................ 83 Gambar 4.1 Susunan perkerasan Jalan tentara pelajar........................................135 Gambar 5.1 Penampang Zona Selamat Sekolah.................................................145 Gambar 5.2 Penampang Tulisan Zona Selamat Sekolah....................................146

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