RINGKASAN Obesitas dan kelebihan berat badan merupakan hal yang tidak diinginkan karena mempunyai konsekuensi resiko kesehatan yang serins. Resiko yang dimaksud adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler (terutama penyakit jantung) dan stroke yang diketahui sebagai penyebab kematian nomer satu di dunia, berpeluang rnembunuh 17 Juta orang pertahun (WHO, 2006). Penyakit lain yang merupakan resiko obesitas adalah diabet yang sekarang menjadi epidemik global., muskuloskeleton (terutama osteoathritis) dan beberapa kanker (endometrial, payiidara dan colon). Mengingat resiko tersebut, banyak usaha yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan obesitas misalnya dengan menkonsumsi pil dan suplemen yang banyak dijual di pasaran seperti fenfluramine. phentermine. Fluoxetine, oriistat, and sibutramine (Wikipedia, 2008) dengan effek samping yang cukiip signifikan seperti peningkatan tekanan darali dan denyut jantung, mulut kering, sembelit, sakit kepala, isomnia. Oleh karena itu periu dipertimbangkan untuk penggunaaan senyawa alami yang dihasilkan tanaman untuk menurunkan berat badan. Untuk mendapathan standarisasi respon alergi, perlu dicoba menggunakan Amorphophalus konjac yang diketahiri oleh masyarakat dunia sebagai sumber glukomanan. Senyawa alami yang direkomendasikan untuk menurunkan berat badan adalah glucomannan yang diperoleh dari Amorphophallus konjac. Di Jawa Timur disinyalir banyak meyimpan spesies Amorphophallus. Oleh karena itu dilakukan eksplorasi untuk mendapatkan spesies Amorphophallus yang ringgi kandungan glukomanannya, rendah kalsium oksalatnya serta minimal menimbulkan alergi. Daerah eksplorasi dibagi menjadi 5 wilayah yaitu Jawa timur bagian barat, utara, timur, selatan dan tengah. Hasil dari eksplorasi didapatkan 97 sampel yang dapat dikelompokkan menjadi empat spesies dengan beberapa varian dari spesies tersebut. Empat spesies yang dimaksud adalah Amorphophalus variabilis, Amorphophalus muelleri, Amorphophalus campanulatus, dan spesies sisanya belum bisa diidentifikasi karena belum berbunga. Spesies yang tersisa umumnya oleh masyarakat diberinama Walur. Pengukuran kandungan glukomanan berdasarkan metode dari Ohashi dkk (2000) yang telah dimodifikasi, sedangkan pengukuran kalsium oksalat berdasarkan metode Sudarmadji dkk (1997). Pengujian alergen lewat uji dermal dilakukan langsung pada tikus yang telah dicukur bulunya yang kemudian dipapar dengan potongan tipis urbi selama 24 jam dan diamari responnya dalam waktu 2 minggu. Berdasarkan pengukuran kandungan glukomanan , didapatkan bahwa Amorphophalus muelleri mempunyai kandungan glukomanan lebih ringgi dibandingkan yang lainnya. A. variabilis juga mengandung glukomanan yang cukup signifikan. Diantara varian-varian A. variabilis, varian yang berasal dari Brongkos mempunyai kandungan glukomanan lebih tinggi. Untuk A. campanulatus dan spesies yang belum teridentifikasi, sangat sulit mendapatkan glukomanan karena kandungannya yang terlalu rendah dan substansi yang diperoleh hanya setingkat 'glucomannan like substance'. Dari Uji alergenitas, A. variabilis yang beiasal dari Dermo-Dau yang sama sekali tidak menimbulan reaksi alergi serta tidak menghambat pertumbuhan rambut. Pengujian pada A.muelleri juga menghasilkan respon non-alergi namun punya sisi kelemalian menghambat pertumbuhan rambut. Spesies yang pada eksplorasi menimbulkan sensasi gatal ketika tersentuh (Suweg Mojokerto dan Walur) ternyata pada uji dermal juga menimbulkan reaksi alergi dalam wujud luka dan mengkerut.
SUMMARY Obesity and overweight as an undesired condition because they have a risk in health seriously. The risk include cardiac vascular (especially hearth attack) and stroke that well known as death causal prime factor in the world, has possibility killed 17 million people per year (WHO, 2006). An other diseases as a risk obesity is diabetes that now become global epidemic, musculoskeletal (especially osteoarthritis) and some cancer ( endometrial, breast, and colon). Reminding the risk, a lot of effort already conducted to lowering obesity such as consumed pill and supplement that free available in market like fenfluramine. phentermine. Fluoxetine, orlistat, and sibutramine with significant side effects such as increasing blood pressure and health beat, headache, isomnia. Therefore it considered to use natural substance that produce by plant to control loss weight. Recommended natural substance that potential caused weight loss is glucomannan. The substance usually derived from Amorphophallus konjac. East Java suspected lias many Amorphophallus species. Therefore exploration is required to obtain Amorphophallus specieswith high glucomannan content, low calcium oxalate and minute in allergic effect. Region of exploration was divided into 5 region included west, north, east, south and centre of East Java. The exploration found around 97 sample that were grouped into four species with some variant. The species include Amorphophalus variabilis, Amorphophalus muelleri, Amorphophalus campanulatus, and the left of unknown species because the left one not yet produced flower. Society usually named Walur for the left species. Measurement glucomannan content based on modified Ohashi et al (200) method , while calcium oxalate content according Sudarmadji et al (1997) method. Allergy assay was conducted directly on mice skin that previously shaved With razor blade. The skin expose with piece of tuber for 24 hour and observation is performed during 2 weeks. Result of measurement glucomannan content showed that Amorphophalus muelleri had the higher content compared with the others. And A. variabilis contained glucomannan significantly. Among variant of A. variabilis, Brongkos variant has the highest content of glucomannan. The glucomannan was hard to be found in A. campanulatus and un-known left species. It was only recognised as glucomanan like substance. During allergic assay, A. variabilis from Dermo-Dau didn't show allergic effect completely also not inhibit producing new hair. The sample that during exploration produce itchy sense also confirm with dermal test by showed deep injured and wrinkle. To Obtained standardised of allergy assay, it necessary to try applied Amorphophalus konjac that already well known as reliable source of glukomanan by world society.
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