INTERNASIONAL

PANDUAN PENULISAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH JURNAL NASIONAL/INTERNASIONAL Oleh: I. Istadi Disampaikan pada: Workshop Penulisan ArCkel Jurnal Nasional/Internasional ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Diselenggarakan Oleh: Politeknik Negeri Semarang Semarang, 16 Mei 2017

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PROFIL DIRI DI SCOPUS

RESEARCHER CITATIONS PROFILE IN GOOGLE SCHOLAR

PROFIL PENELITI DI SINTA (sinta.ristekdikC.go.id)

Kriteria Jurnal Nasional Menurut PermenristekdikC No. 20 Tahun 2017

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ARTICLES THAT ARE NOT PUBLISHABLE •  •  •  •  •  • 

Reports of no scienCfic interest No novelty of research works Out of date research works DuplicaCons of previously published works Incorrect/unacceptable conclusions Oleh karena itu, jurnal ilmiah jangan menerima/menerbitkan arCkel yang mempunyai indikasi tersebut

TYPICAL TYPES OF MANUSCRIPT •  Original Research ArCcles: the most important papers. OAen substanBal and significant completed pieces of research. •  LeZers / Rapid CommunicaCons / Short CommunicaCons: quick and early communicaBon of significant and original advances. Much shorter than full arBcles (check limitaBons). •  Review Papers / PerspecCves: summarize recent developments on a specific topic. Highlight important previously reported points. Not the place to introduce new informaBon. OAen invited. No NovelCes. è the weakest arCcle scienCfically

PUBLIKASI ILMIAH YANG BAIK •  Harus memperhaCkan: –  Kualitas ArBkel Ilmiah –  Kualitas Jurnal sebagai Tempat Publikasi

•  Akhirnya akan menghasilkan Publikasi Ilmiah Yang Baik Impact

Journal/Article Metrics: jumlah sitasi artikel lebih banyak atau jumlah pembaca lebih banyak

PARAMETER GLOBAL UNTUK MENGUKUR REPUTASI JURNAL ILMIAH •  IMPACT FACTOR (IF) by Thomson WoS: perbandingan antara jumlah arBkel yang mensitasi terhadap jumlah arBkel yang dipublikasi oleh sebuah jurnal dalam kurun waktu tertentu (3 / 5 thn) •  Cite Score (Scopus): perbandingan antara jumlah sitasi diterima oleh jurnal dalam 2 thn terakhir terhadap jumlah arBkel yang dipublikasi oleh sebuah jurnal dalam 2 tahun terakhir. •  SJR by Journalmetrics: Nilai faktor dampak (jumlah sitasi / jumlah arBkel publikasi) dengan memperCmbangkan reputasi jurnal yang mensitasinya •  SNIP by Journalmetrics: Nilai faktor dampak (jumlah sitasi / jumlah arBkel publikasi) memperBmbangkan normalisasi jumlah sitasi maksimum dan minimum Cap bidang ilmunya

CITATION IMPACT •  h-index by Scopus or Google Scholar: menyatakan jumlah arBkel (n) dengan masingmasing mempunyai jumlah sitasi minimum n sitasi è h-index = n •  i10-index by Google Scholar: menyatakan jumlah arBkel (n) dengan masing-masing mempunyai jumlah sitasi minimum 10 sitasi è i10-index = 10

KELOMPOK PENGINDEKS JURNAL •  Pengindeks Internasional Bereputasi Tinggi: SCOPUS, Thomson Web of Science (JCR), PubMed, dll. yang setara è seleksi sangat ketat •  Pengindeks Internasional Bereputasi Sedang: DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Proquest, Gale, ERIC, Chemical Abstract Services, ESCI-Thomson, dan lain-lain yang setara è seleksi cukup ketat •  Pengindeks Internasional Bereputasi Rendah: Google Scholar, Portal Garuda, dan lain-lain yang setara è bahkan tanpa seleksi •  Kelompok Aggregator & Distributor: EBSCO, Gale, Proquest, CABI, IEEE

Thomson WoS yang Bereputasi Tinggi •  •  •  •  • 

Science CitaBon Index (SCI) Science CitaBon Index Expanded (SCIE) Sosial Science CitaBon Index (SSCI) Arts & HumaniBes CitaBon Index (AHCI)

è yang digunakan dalam perankingan jurnal di Journal CitaCon Report (JCR)

Hindari Pengindeks Berikut (Misleading Metrics) (dipertanyakan ?? – menurut Jeffrey Beall 2 January 2015)

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Advanced Science Index African Quality Centre for Journals American Standards for Journals and Research (ASJR) CiteFactor Directory of Indexing and Impact Factor (DIIF) Directory of Journal Quality Factor Einstein InsBtute for ScienBfic InformaBon (EISI) General Impact Factor Global Impact Factor Index Copernicus InsBtute for Science InformaBon (ISI) InternaBonal Impact Factor Services InternaBonal InsBtute for Research InternaBonal ScienBfic Indexing (ISI)

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InternaBonal Society for Research AcBvity (ISRA) Journal Impact Factor (JIF) Journal Impact Factor Journals Impact Factor (JIFACTOR) Journal Influence Factor Journals ConsorBum. Journal Influence Factor (JIF) JPR Impact Factor Open Academic Journals Index Pubicon Science Index ScienBfic Indexing Services (SIS) ScienBfic Jornal Impact Factor SCIJOURNAL.ORG (InternaBonal ScienBfic InsBtute) Universal Impact Factor

hgp://training.bcrec.web.id http://scholarlyoa.com/other-pages/misleading-metrics/

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Pencarian Jurnal Melalui SCIMAGO hZp://scimagojr.com Pilih “Journal Ranks” untuk memilih jurnal berdasarkan ranking SJR

Choose Journal Based on Subject

Pilih “Subject Area” dan/atau “Subject Category” dan jenis “Journal” yang sesuai

Ada 517 jurnal, silakan klik “Download Data” untuk unduh file Excel data jurnalnya

Jurnal dengan level Q3/Q4 atau SJR Rendah Pilih jurnal dengan nilai SJR kecil terlebih dahulu atau Q3-Q4 level

BACA PROFIL JOURNAL

Namun, Cdak ada tautan ke website jurnalnya, oleh karena itu, perlu dicari dari GOOGLE

Cari Alamat Journal via Google

Lihat website, cari Author Guideline dan Scope Journal

Lihat website, cari Author Guideline dan Scope Journal

Aims and Scope, Indexing

Online Submission Interface (Springerlink)

PENCARIAN JURNAL MELALUI JURNAL FINDER ELSEVIER

PUBLICATION PROCESS OF JOURNAL

TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF A FULL ARTICLE Jika Jurnal berstruktur Title “IMRAD”, sub bab - sub bab Authors and AffiliaCon bagian dari kajian arCkel bisa Abstract disusun merupakan bagian dari Keywords “Hasil dan Pembahasan” Main text (IMRAD) –  Introduc@on: what quesBon was asked in the research? –  Methods (and Materials): how was it studied? –  Results: what was discovered? –  Discussion : what do the findings mean? –  Conclusions •  Acknowledgements •  References •  Supplementary material

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TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF A FULL ARTICLE •  •  •  •  • 

Jika memilih “Non-IMRAD”, tuliskan isi paragraf Zg Metode PeneliCan di bagian akhir IntroducCon/Pendahuluan, walaupun termasuk Riset KualitaCf

Title Authors and AffiliaCon Abstract Keywords Main text (Non-IMRAD) –  Introduc@on: what quesBon was asked in the research? –  Main body of paper: how was it studied? What was discovered? What was discovered? What do the findings mean?

–  Conclusions •  Acknowledgements •  References •  Supplementary material

HOW TO WRITE A TITLE •  This is your opportunity to agract the reader’s aZenCon. –  Remember: readers are the potenBal authors who will cite your arCcle

•  IdenBfy the main issue of the paper •  Begin with the subject of the paper •  Should be accurate, unambiguous, specific, and complete •  Do not contain infrequently-used abbreviaCons •  Discuss with your co-authors

HOW TO WRITE AUTHOR NAME & AFFILIATION •  Write Author(s) names without Ctle (Prof, Dr, etc) •  Do not abbreviate your last/family name •  Always give your First and Last names •  Write clear AffiliaCon of all Authors •  AffiliaCon includes: name of department/unit, (faculty), name of university, address, country. •  Indicate Corresponding Author (include email address)

HOW TO WRITE ABSTRACT •  Abstract should contains: –  Purposes and hypothesis –  Methods: parBcipant, design, measures, and procedure –  Results and Discussion/interpretaBon of results –  Short conclusions •  Should stand alone •  Avoid using technical jargon and uncommon abbreviaDons. •  You must be accurate, brief, clear and specific: Use words which reflect the precise meaning •  Cites no references, no table, no figure •  Follow word limitaCons (50-300 words)

Contoh Abstrak (simple, concise)

HOW TO WRITE KEYWORDS •  These are the labels of your manuscript and criBcal to correct indexing and searching. –  Shouldn’t be too broad or too narrow (think Google …)

•  Use only those abbreviaCons that are firmly established in the field. e.g. DNA •  Check the Guide for Authors –  Number, label, defini@on, thesaurus, range, and other special requests

•  Check the guideline of keywords separator, i.e. Semicolon (;) or comma (,): usually semicolon è related with search engine •  Could be “words” or “phrases”

HOW TO WRITE INTRODUCTION •  Background literatures and State of The Art Previous Researches: to set up current study, showing the progression of research in this topic area and how the hypothesis was reached, why the design was chosen, etc. Background literatures can be previous research and/or theories that are relevant to the current study. Do not forget to cite any and all resources used. What is gap analysis with previous researches? NovelCes? •  Hypothesis: The hypothesis details what is expected to happen in the study based on background literature. •  Purposes of the study: IdenBfy the problem being explored by the current study and why it is important. AAer discussing what the problem is and why it warrants further research, formally express the purposes of the current research study clearly and concisely.

HOW TO WRITE INTRODUCTION •  Your chance to convince readers •  of the importance of your work. •  IntroducCon must include: •  –  Are there any exisCng soluCons/methods? State of the art of previous research? –  Which is the best? •  –  What are their main limitaCons? Gap Analysis? –  And what do you hope to •  achieve? (to solve limitaBon) IntroducCon punya Bobot Nilai Akreditasi Jurnal: 6 point maks. (Kontribusi Ilmiah)

Introduce the main scienCfic publicaCons on which your work is based Provide sufficient background informaCon to help readers evaluate your work è General background (review arBcles Cited) Editors hate references irrelevant to the work, or in appropriate judgments on your own achievements Convince readers that your work is necessary.: Use words or phrases like “however”, “remain unclear”, etc., to address your opinions and work

Contoh Paragraf Terakhir Pendahuluan

Studi peneliC sebelumnya lebih fokus ke apa? Masih belum banyak yg mengkaji .... Maka anda mau apa....?

Tujuan peneliCan ini apa ....?

HOW TO WRITE METHODS & MATERIALS •  Details, details, details - a knowledgeable reader should be able to reproduce the experiment. •  For Chemical Materials, please write only precursor materials (not soluBon), must be completed with purity and brand (Example: Ca(NO3)2.xH2O (99%, Merck) •  However, use references and Supplementary Materials for previously published procedures. –  Do not repeat the details of established methods. –  A general summary with reference is sufficient. •  The Presence of Methods è specific characterisBc of research arBcles •  Metode yang sudah biasa dan umum Cdak perlu detail, cukup merujuk ke buku tertentu

HOW TO WRITE METHODS & MATERIALS •  The method secBon describes the way in which the study was conducted, including: –  ParCcipants: This subsecBon should include demographic informaBon that pertains to the current study. If required, give data such as percentage, mean, and standard deviaBon –  Design: the design of the current study is detailed. Was the study and experiment, a survey, an interview, or a behavior observaBon? –  Measures: informaBon about the measures used to record observaBon and responses is discussed in this secBon –  Procedures: this subsecBon describes the process of the study exactly as it occurred. The informaBon should be detailed enough for someone to replicate the study, but it should be concise

Methods: How did you study the problem? The basic principle: to provide sufficient informaDon so that a knowledgeable reader can reproduce the experiment, or the derivaDon. •  Empirical papers: –  material studied, area descripBons –  methods, techniques, theories applied

•  Case study papers:

–  applicaBon of exisBng methods, theory or tools –  special sepngs in this piece of work

•  Methodology papers:

–  materials and detailed procedure of a novel experimentaBon –  scheme, flow, and performance analysis of a new algorithm

•  Theory papers:

–  principles, concepts, and models –  major framework and derivaBon

Methods: The Words and More •  Usually, wrigen in past tense •  In some journals, may include subheads (which can help readers) •  May include tables and figures—for example: –  Flowcharts –  Diagrams of apparatus –  Tables of experimental condiBons

HOW TO WRITE RESULTS •  RESULTS is the core of the paper •  Should summarize findings rather than providing data in great detail •  OAen includes tables, figures, or both •  Should present results but not comment on them (Note: Some journals combine the Results and the Discussion.)

The following should be included in RESULTS •  Main findings listed in associaBon with the methods •  Highlighted differences between your results and the previous publicaBons (especially in case study papers) •  Results of staCsCcal analysis (not staBsBcal analysis process) •  Results of performance analysis (especially in the methodology, or algorithm papers) •  A set of principal equaCons or theorems supporBng the assumpBons aAer a long chain of inferences (especially in the theory papers)

HOW TO WRITE RESULTS •  Only representaCve results, essenCal for the Discussion, should be presented. •  Show data of secondary importance in Supplementary Materials. •  Do not “hide” data in the hope of saving it for a later paper: You may lose evidence to support your conclusion. •  Use sub-headings to keep results of the same type together: Easier to review and read. •  Tell a clear and easy-to-understand story

Appearance Counts in Results •  Un-crowded plots: 3 or 4 data sets per figure; well-selected scales; appropriate axis label size; symbols clear to read and data sets easy to discriminate. •  Each photograph must have a scale marker of professional quality on one corner. •  Use color ONLY when necessary. If different line styles can clarify the meaning, never use colors or other thrilling effects. •  Color needs to be visible and disBnguishable when printed out in black & white. •  Do NOT ‘selecCvely adjust’ any image to enhance visualizaBon of results. •  The capCons of figures and tables should contain sufficient informaBon to make the figures self explanatory. •  Do not include long boring tables, only final calculated results should be presented

MenConing Tables and Figures: Some WriCng Advice •  All Tables and Figures must be cited in the body text. •  Do not use “… as follows:...” or “based on above figure/table...”, but should use clear citaBon (example: “... presented in Figure 1”) •  In ciBng tables and figures, emphasize the finding, not report the table or figure. –  Not so good: Table 3 shows that researchers who agended the workshop published twice as many papers per year. –  BeWer: Researchers who agended the workshop published twice as many papers per year (Table 3).

SHOULD BE

Figures: A Few SuggesCons •  Use figures (graphs, diagrams, maps, photographs, etc) only if they will help convey your informaBon. •  Avoid including too much informaBon in one figure. •  Make sure any legering will be large enough once published. •  Follow the journal’s instrucCons.

HOW TO WRITE DISCUSSION ? •  It is the most important secCon of your arBcle. Here you get the chance to SELL your data •  Make the Discussion corresponding to the Results.: But do not reiterate the results è What? •  OAen should begin with a brief summary of the main findings •  You need to compare the published results with yours: Do NOT ignore work in disagreement with yours –confront it and convince the reader that you are correct or beger •  Check for the following: –  How do your results relate to the original quesDon or objecDves outlined in the IntroducBon secBon? –  Do you provide interpretaDon scienDfically for each of your results presented? èWhy? –  Are your results consistent with what other invesDgators have reported? Or are there any differences? èWhat else? –  Can you reach your conclusion smoothly aAer your discussion? –  Are there any limitaDons? Any suggesDon to next works?

In Summary: Results and Discussion •  In Results and Discussion secCon should include: –  What ? è describe the result findings –  Why ? è please jusBfy why the findings trend scienBfically (connected with theory and philosophy) –  What else? è compare your findings with other researchers (about the trend and scienBfic reasons) and Possible reasons for similariBes and differences –  Any limitaCons? è limitaBon of your findings, next research Hasil dan Pembahasan punya Bobot Nilai Akreditasi Jurnal: 3 point maks. (Analisis dan Sintesis)

Tips: Results and Discussion •  (1) (what) apakah data yang disajikan telah diolah (bukan data mentah), dituangkan dalam bentuk tabel atau gambar (pilih salah satu), serta diberi keterangan yang mudah dipahami?; •  (2) (why) pada bagian pembahasan terlihat adanya kaitan antara hasil yang diperoleh dan konsep dasar dan/atau hipotesis?; •  (3) (what else) apakah ada kesesuaian atau pertentangan dengan hasil peneliBan orang lain?; •  (4) juga disarankan dituliskan tentang implikasi hasil peneliBan baik teoreBs maupun penerapan?

PracCcal Tips in Results & Discussions •  Was the hypothesis supported by the results? •  Why might the results have turned out that way? •  How could the study be improved? •  What is the future direcBon for research on this topic? •  What are the pracBcal applicaBon of the research? •  What can be concluded from this research?

Discussion: ScienCfic Language -Tenses •  Present tense for known facts and hypotheses: –  “The average life of a honey bee is 6 weeks” •  Past tense for experiments you have conducted: –  “All the honey bees were maintained in an environment with a consistent temperature of 23 degrees cen@grade…”

•  Past tense when you describe the results of an experiment: –  “The average life span of bees in our contained environment was 8 weeks…”

HOW TO WRITE CONCLUSIONS •  Should only answer the objecCves of research •  Tells how your work advances the field from the present state of knowledge •  Without clear Conclusions, reviewers and readers will find it difficult to judge the work, and whether or not it merits publicaCon in the journal. •  Do NOT repeat the Abstract, or just list experimental results: Trivial statements of your results are unacceptable in this secBon.

•  Provide a clear scienCfic jusCficaCon for your work, and indicate possible applicaCons and extensions:

You should also suggest future experiments and/or point out those that are underway.

Example of Good Conclusions

Conclusion punya Bobot Nilai Akreditasi Jurnal: 3 point maks. (Simpulan dan Perampatan)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS •  Recognize those who helped in the research (you want them to help again, don’t you?) •  Do not acknowledge one of authors •  Include individuals who have assisted you in your study: –  Advisors –  Financial supporters –  Proofreaders –  Typists –  Suppliers who may have given materials

REFERENCES •  Cite the main scienCfic publicaCons on which your work is based. Cite only items that you have read •  Do not inflate the manuscript with too many references – it doesn’t make it a beger manuscript •  Avoid excessive self-citaCons •  Avoid excessive citaCons of publicaCons from the same region •  Check each reference against the original source (authors name, volume, issue, year, DOI Number) •  Carefully follow the journal’s instrucCons to authors. •  Use other arCcles in the same journal as models

•  Di bagian Daftar Pustaka Acuan, perbandingan antara jumlah Sumber Acuan Primer dan jumlah Sumber Acuan Sekunder sebaiknya lebih dari 80% è nilai maks 3 •  Yang termasuk Sumber Acuan Primer, antara lain: artikel di jurnal ilmiah, artikel di buku dari hasil penelitian, situs sejarah, artefak, dan lain2 yang bersifat karya asli. •  Daftar Pustaka Acuan sebaiknya merupakan publikasi ilmiah 10 tahun terakhir, kecuali bidang-bidang ilmu tertentu è nilai maks 5

Sitasi dan Danar Pustaka punya Bobot Nilai Akreditasi Jurnal: 9 point maks.

Placement of CitaCons •  Ambiguous: –  This disease has been reported in humans, dogs, rabbits, and squirrels (Tuda and Gastel, 1997; Xie and Lozano, 2008; Flores, 2002). –  This disease has been reported in humans, dogs, rabbits, and squirrels.1,4,7

•  Clear: –  This disease has been reported in humans (Tuda and Gastel, 1997), dogs (Xie and Lozano, 2008), and rabbits and squirrels (Flores, 2002). –  This disease has been reported in humans,1 dogs,4 rabbits,7 and squirrels.7

Typing CitaCon & References •  Use tools available in MicrosoA Word (References è Insert Cita@on è Choose Style of References: APA, MLA, Harvard, etc. è Insert Bibliography) •  Use Mendeley Plugin (References è Insert Mendeley Cita@on è Choose Style of References è Insert Bibliography) •  Other tools: EndNote, Zotero, etc.

Cara Pengacuan dan PenguCpan Penyusunan DaAar Pustaka Gunakan SoAware Aplikasi Referensi

Tips Pencarian Literatur Fulltext Berbahasa Indonesia (peningkatan jumlah literatur primer) •  DOAJ: hgp://doaj.org •  Google Scholar •  ??

•  hgp://training.bcrec.web.id •  [email protected]