IMPLEMENTASI ROUTE-MAP UNTUK OPTIMALISASI ROUTING PROTOKOL BERBASIS CISCO ROUTER
TUGAS AKHIR
Disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk kelulusan Program Studi Strata 1
oleh : Mohamad Adhisyanda Aditya Nrp. 12.3040378
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS PASUNDAN BANDUNG 2014
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR
Telah disetujui dan disahkan Laporan Tugas Akhir, dari : Nama : Mohamad Adhisyanda Aditya Nrp. : 12.3040378
Dengan Judul : IMPLEMENTASI ROUTE-MAP UNTUK OPTIMALISASI ROUTING PROTOKOL BERBASIS CISCO ROUTER
Bandung,
April 2014
Menyetujui,
Pembimbing Utama,
(Sali Alas M, S.ST., M.Kom.)
Pembimbing Pendamping,
Pembimbing Pendamping,
(Iwan Kurniawan, ST.)
(Ferry Mulyanto, ST.)
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK .....................................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................................
ii
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .....................................................................................................
v
DAFTAR TABEL ..........................................................................................................
vii
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................
I-1
1.1
Latar Belakang ................................................................................................
I-1
1.2
Identifikasi Masalah .......................................................................................
I-2
1.3
Tujuan Tugas Akhir ........................................................................................
I-2
1.4
Ruang Lingkup ...............................................................................................
I-3
1.5
Metodologi Penelitian ....................................................................................
I-3
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan .....................................................................................
I-4
BAB II : LANDASAN TEORI ......................................................................................
II-1
2.1
TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol) ......................................................
II-1
2.1.1
Layer-layer dalam TCP/IP .................................................................
II-2
2.1.2
Komponen Fisik dalam Jaringan TCP/IP ...........................................
II-3
Routing Protocol .............................................................................................
II-4
2.2.1
Routing Protocol Berdasarkan Prosesnya ..........................................
II-4
2.2.2
Routing Protocol Berdasarkan Cakupan Kerja ..................................
II-6
2.2.3
Routing Protocol Berdasarkan Update Informasi ..............................
II-7
2.3
Administrative Distance .................................................................................
II-9
2.4
Route Redistribution .......................................................................................
II-11
2.5
Cisco IOS ........................................................................................................
II-13
2.6
Route-map ......................................................................................................
II-15
BAB III : EKSPLORASI KASUS ...............................................................................
III-1
2.2
3.1
Skenario Topologi Jaringan ............................................................................
III-1
3.2
Routing Proses ................................................................................................
III-3
3.3
Route Redistribution .......................................................................................
III-6
3.4
Routing Information Loops ............................................................................
III-7
3.5
Route Filtering ................................................................................................
III-12
iii
3.6
Kesimpulan Hasil Eksplorasi ..........................................................................
III-13
BAB IV : IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN .......................................................
IV-1
4.1
GNS3 ..............................................................................................................
IV-1
4.2
Alat-alat yang Digunakan ...............................................................................
IV-4
4.2
Konfigurasi Sebelum Pengimplementasian Route-map .................................
IV-6
4.3
Policy Base Routing .......................................................................................
IV-8
4.4
Route Tagging ................................................................................................
IV-10
4.5
Route Filtering ................................................................................................
IV-13
4.6
Pengujian ........................................................................................................
IV-16
4.6.1
Source Base Routing .........................................................................
IV-16
4.6.2
Optimalisasi Routing Path .................................................................
IV-19
4.6.3
Route Filtering ...................................................................................
IV-22
BAB V : KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................................
V-1
5.1
Kesimpulan ....................................................................................................
V-1
5.2
Saran ...............................................................................................................
V-1
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Metodologi Penelitian ....................................................................................
I-4
Gambar 2.1 Layer-layer TCP/IP ........................................................................................
II-1
Gambar 2.2 OSI dan TCP/IP ..............................................................................................
II-2
Gambar 2.3 Distance Vector Routing Protocol ..................................................................
II-5
Gambar 2.4 Link State Routing Protocol ...........................................................................
II-6
Gambar 2.5 Routing Protocol Berdasarkan Cakupan Kerja ...............................................
II-7
Gambar 2.6 Classless Routing Protocol .............................................................................
II-8
Gambar 2.7 Classfull Routing Protocol ..............................................................................
II-9
Gambar 2.8 Administrative Distance .................................................................................
II-10
Gambar 2.9 Route Redistribution ......................................................................................
II-11
Gambar 2.10 Cisco IOS Feature Set ...................................................................................
II-14
Gambar 2.11 Route-map ....................................................................................................
II-16
Gambar 2.12 Route-map Statement ...................................................................................
II-17
Gambar 3.1 Skenario Topologi Jaringan ............................................................................
III-2
Gambar 3.2 Routing Proses ................................................................................................
III-4
Gambar 3.3 Routing Table .................................................................................................
III-4
Gambar 3.4 Routing Proses Normal ...................................................................................
III-5
Gambar 3.5 Traceroute dari Router R1 ..............................................................................
III-6
Gambar 3.6 Route Redistribusi ..........................................................................................
III-7
Gambar 3.7 Two Ways Multipoint Redistribution .............................................................
III-8
Gambar 3.8 Debugging Proses Redistribusi .......................................................................
III-8
Gambar 3.9 Routing Loops ................................................................................................
III-9
Gambar 3.10 Routing information loop dengan perbandingan AD ....................................
III-10
Gambar 3.11 Routing Table Router R6 ..............................................................................
III-11
Gambar 3.12 Traceroute Menuju Network yang Mati ........................................................
III-11
Gambar 3.13 Redistribusi dengan Filtering ........................................................................
III-12
Gambar 4.1 GNS 3 .............................................................................................................
IV-2
Gambar 4.2 IOS Images and Hypervisors ..........................................................................
IV-3
Gambar 4.3 Setting Hardware Router ................................................................................
IV-4
Gambar 4.4 Cisco Router C3725 ........................................................................................
IV-5
Gambar 4.5 Topologi Jaringan ...........................................................................................
IV-6
Gambar 4.6 Policy Base Route ...........................................................................................
IV-9
Gambar 4.7 Konfigurasi PBR ............................................................................................
IV-10
v
Gambar 4.8 Route Tagging ...............................................................................................
IV-11
Gambar 4.9 Konfigurasi Route Tagging di Router R4 .......................................................
IV-12
Gambar 4.10 Konfigurasi Route Tagging di Router R2 .....................................................
IV-12
Gambar 4.11 Route Filtering ..............................................................................................
IV-13
Gambar 4.12 Konfigurasi Route Filtering Dengan Access-list dan Route-map .................
IV-14
Gambar 4.13 Konfigurasi Route Filtering Dengan Prefix-list dan Route-map ...................
IV-15
Gambar 4.14 Show Route-map PBR ..................................................................................
IV-17
Gambar 4.15 Client PC di Network 192.168.100.0/24 .......................................................
IV-17
Gambar 4.16 Client PC di Network 192.168.200.0/24 .......................................................
IV-18
Gambar 4.17 Show Route-map Setelah Ada Paket yang Diforward ...................................
IV-18
Gambar 4.18 Show Route-map Route Tagging ..................................................................
IV-19
Gambar 4.19 Network yang Telah di Tag di Router R1 ......................................................
IV-19
Gambar 4.20 Network yang Telah di Tag di Router R6 ......................................................
IV-20
Gambar 4.21 Shutdown Interface Fa1/0.1 ..........................................................................
IV-20
Gambar 4.22 Table Routing R1 ..........................................................................................
IV-21
Gambar 4.23 Test Ping dan Traceroute ke Network yang Mati ..........................................
IV-21
Gambar 4.24 Table Routing Hasil Filtering .......................................................................
IV-22
Gambar 4.25 Show Route-map Route Filtering .................................................................
IV-23
Gambar 4.26 Show Ip Prefix-list ........................................................................................
IV-23
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Administrative Distance .....................................................................................
II-10
Table 2.2 Match dan Set Statement Route-map ..................................................................
II-16
Tabel 3.1 List Network Tiap-tiap Router ...........................................................................
III-3
Tabel 3.2 Routing Proses Normal ......................................................................................
III-13
Tabel 3.3 Routing Proses yang Diinginkan ........................................................................
III-13
Tabel 3.4 Network Advertiesment .....................................................................................
III-14
Tabel 4.1 IP Interface .........................................................................................................
IV-6
Tabel 4.2 Routing Protocol Sebelum Implementasi Route-map ........................................
IV-7
vii
