Effeciency of different methods in detecting amphibian and reptile species in Hungary: a national overview
Miklós Puky Hungarian Danube Research Station of the IEB of the HAS
-
Péter Schád Varangy Akciócsoport Egyesület
INTRODUCTION Mapping Atlases: systematic compilation of distributional data based on a geometrically preset grid (for example, grids of 100 km2) overlaying the region to be sampled. grid size should be proportional to the size of the area covered georeferenced format historical presence
INTRODUCTION Mapping Atlases: systematic compilation of distributional data based on a geometrically preset grid (for example, grids of 100 km2) overlaying the region to be sampled. grid size should be proportional to the size of the area covered georeferenced format historical presence
more popular in Europe than in North America and elsewhere
Status of mapping projects in Europe Source: Dodd et al, in press, SEH
National atlas has been published Preliminary or a regional atlas has been published
Status of mapping projects in Europe
National atlas has been published Preliminary or a regional atlas has been published
Atlases are easily interpreted they are useful tools also in illustrating areas requiring further sampling they can be used to illustrate changes in distribution if sufficient historical data are available
Project description
Pannonian biogeographical region (also recognised legally in the EU)
Source: Babik & Rafinski, 2004 Odierna et al., 2004 Surget-Grouba et al. 2006
Pleistocene refugia: R. arvalis, Z. vivipara
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
Hungary: situated entirely in the Pannonian biogeographical region
Long-term monitoring
Long-term changes Parameters studied
N
Spearman R
t(N-2)
p
time – B. bufo
13
0.6740
3.026
0.0115
time – B. viridis
13
-0.4833
-1.831
0.0942
time – H. arborea
13
-0.5110
-1.971
0.0742
time – P. fuscus
13
-0.7322
-3.566
0.0044
time – R. dalmatina
13
-0.0721
-0.240
0.8147
time – R. esculenta c.
13
-0.6202
-2,622
0.0237
time – amphibians in total
13
-0.3658
-1.303
0.2188
11
0.1702
0.4885
0.6382
Lake Naplás
Göd time – R. dalmatina
5-6 year B. bufo time series: decline!
positive correlation
negative correlation negative correlation, artefact!
Number of migrating amphibians between 1992 and 1999 at Lake Naplás, Budapest, Hungary (Schád et al., 1999) 250
Rana esculenta Rana dalmatina Hyla arborea
200
Bufo bufo Bufo viridis
NO. INDIVIDUALS
150
Pelobates fuscus
100 50 0
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
YEAR
5-6 year B. bufo time series: decline!
1998
1999
Rana dalmatina European species with several populations in northern Turkey, from sea level to 1700 m asl.,
Forest cover and the distribution of Rana dalmatina in Hungary
●= Rana dalmatina data available from the given 10 km x 10 km UTM square █ = forest
Besides forests, riparian corridors are also important!
The dynamics of a Rana dalmatina population in a locally protected but anthropogenicly influenced habitat at the floodplain of the River Danube at Göd was followed since 1992.
Five cascading ponds fed by a subterranean seepage from gravel terraces situated above the level of the Danube,
Cascading ponds at Göd
Long-term monitoring The dynamics of a Rana dalmatina population in a locally protected but anthropogenicly influenced habitat at the floodplain of the River Danube at Göd was followed since 1992.
Rana dalmatina population size remained stable and no decline has been recorded over more than a decade (Puky et al., 2006).
Data base description 16,627 records
earlier 3,200 data
1020 10 km x 10 km UTM squares (96.2% of the country) chronological structure as in the European Herpetological Atlas (Gasc et al. 1997) i.e. data collected after 1969 are used more than 75% amphibian data nearly 25% reptile data Quality control: doubtful data kept but excluded from further processing
Data base description Data sources:
literature survey outer experts own data (roughly 65%)
Changes according to modern taxonomy.
Acknowledgements This atlas can not be made in its present form without the help of many dedicated individuals, whom we are trying to list below.
Data collectors : Anthony Brandon, Barabás Sándor, Báskay Imre, g dr. Berczik Árpádné, Béres Istvánné, Bertalan György, Blaskovits Zoltán, Jagoda Brodziewska, Hana Chobotská, dr. Pierre-André Crochet, Czikó Zsolt, Csatlósné Répás Erika, Csecserits Anikó, Csizmadia György, Csizmadia Péter, Csörgits Gábor, dr. Csörgő Tibor, Erica Donnison, Dányi László, dr. Endes Mihály, Erdei Norbert, dr. Erős Tibor, dr. Farkas János, Fodor Andrea, ifj. Fodor Andrea, Forgách Balázs, Földesi György, Gémesi Dorottya, Vivien Geen, Gencsy Dóra, Gencsy Gábor, Görföl Tamás, Görögh Zoltán, dr. Claude-Pierre Guillaume, Gulyás Kiss Csaba, dr. Guti Gábor, Hajdu Ádám, Hámori Márta, Hámori Zoltán, Haraszthy László, Harmos Krisztián, Havasné Udvary Zsuzsanna, Hegedűs Tünde, Héra Zoltán, dr. Benoit Heulin, Hidvégi Bence, Horváthné Offertáler Anita, dr. Jánossy László, Nevena Jelisic, Jónás Szabolcs, Kalocsa Béla, dr. Kárpáti László, Kecskés Ferenc, Kelényiné Welner Irma, Kéri András, Kis Kelemen Éva, Kiss Anita, dr. Kiss Keve Tihamér, Kontos Tivadar, Kovács L. Tibor, dr. Kriska György, Lelekács Györgyi, dr. Andreja Lucic, Mara Gyöngyvér, Molnár Ákos, Molnár Lászlóné, Molnár Péter, Monoki Ákos, Sara Morata, Kevin Morgan, Wilma Mossink, Murányi Gabriella, Németh Árpád, Németh Csaba, dr. Nosek János, Ocskóné Csabai Eszter, dr. Oertel Nándor, Omacht Zoltán, Osztoics András, Pálinkás Erna, g Palkó Sándor, Prondvai Edina, Puky Istvánné, dr. Puky Miklós, Dragica Salamon, Ivan Salamon, Sallai Márton, Sallai Zoltán, dr. Cristina Sandu, Schád Péter, Seres Nándor, Sipos Viktória, Somogyvári Orsolya, Steták Dóra, dr. Yann SurgetGrouba, Szegedi Szilvia, Széll Antal, Sziliné Dienes Irén, Tamás Enikő, Tartally András, Tinya Flóra, Tompa Ferenc, Tóth Bence, Tóth István Zsolt, Tóth Miklós, Tóth Tamás, dr. Török Júlia, Turcsányi István, Vajda Zoltán, dr. Varga András, dr. Vásárhelyi Tamás, Vasas Vera, Paul Veenvliet, Végváriné Pongrácz Ágnes, Veres Viktória, Vogel Zsolt, William Watson, Zalai Tamás, Zay Andrea
Acknowledgements This atlas can not be made in its present form without the help of many dedicated individuals, whom we are trying to list below.
Data collectors : Anthony Brandon, Barabás Sándor, Báskay Imre, g dr. Berczik Árpádné, Béres Istvánné, Bertalan György, Blaskovits Zoltán, Jagoda Brodziewska, Hana Chobotská, dr. Pierre-André Crochet, Czikó Zsolt, Csatlósné Répás Erika, Csecserits Anikó, Csizmadia György, Csizmadia Péter, Csörgits Gábor, dr. Csörgő Tibor, Erica Donnison, Dányi László, dr. Endes Mihály, Erdei Norbert, dr. Erős Tibor, dr. Farkas János, Fodor Andrea, ifj. Fodor Andrea, Forgách Balázs, Földesi György, Gémesi Dorottya, Vivien Geen, Gencsy Dóra, Gencsy Gábor, Görföl Tamás, Görögh Zoltán, dr. Claude-Pierre Guillaume, Gulyás Kiss Csaba, dr. Guti Gábor, Hajdu Ádám, Hámori Márta, Hámori Zoltán, Haraszthy László, Harmos Krisztián, Havasné Udvary Zsuzsanna, Hegedűs Tünde, Héra Zoltán, dr. Benoit Heulin, Hidvégi Bence, Horváthné Offertáler Anita, dr. Jánossy László, Nevena Jelisic, Jónás Szabolcs, Kalocsa Béla, dr. Kárpáti László, Kecskés Ferenc, Kelényiné Welner Irma, Kéri András, Kis Kelemen Éva, Kiss Anita, dr. Kiss Keve Tihamér, Kontos Tivadar, Kovács L. Tibor, dr. Kriska György, Lelekács Györgyi, dr. Andreja Lucic, Mara Gyöngyvér, Molnár Ákos, Molnár Lászlóné, Molnár Péter, Monoki Ákos, Sara Morata, Kevin Morgan, Wilma Mossink, Murányi Gabriella, Németh Árpád, Németh Csaba, dr. Nosek János, Ocskóné Csabai Eszter, dr. Oertel Nándor, Omacht Zoltán, Osztoics András, Pálinkás Erna, g Palkó Sándor, Prondvai Edina, Puky Istvánné, dr. Puky Miklós, Dragica Salamon, Ivan Salamon, Sallai Márton, Sallai Zoltán, dr. Cristina Sandu, Schád Péter, Seres Nándor, Sipos Viktória, Somogyvári Orsolya, Steták Dóra, dr. Yann SurgetGrouba, Szegedi Szilvia, Széll Antal, Sziliné Dienes Irén, Tamás Enikő, Tartally András, Tinya Flóra, Tompa Ferenc, Tóth Bence, Tóth István Zsolt, Tóth Miklós, Tóth Tamás, dr. Török Júlia, Turcsányi István, Vajda Zoltán, dr. Varga András, dr. Vásárhelyi Tamás, Vasas Vera, Paul Veenvliet, Végváriné Pongrácz Ágnes, Veres Viktória, Vogel Zsolt, William Watson, Zalai Tamás, Zay Andrea
Number of amphibian and reptile distribution data collected between 1972 and 2004 in Hungary 5000 4500
Literature (Reptilia) Own data (Reptilia) Literature (Amphibia) Own data (Amphibia)
4000
NO. DATA/3 YEARS
3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
1972-74
1975-77
1978-80
1981-83
1984-86
1987-89 PERIOD
1990-92
1993-95
1996-98
1999-2001 2002-2004
Presence of amphibian species in in 10 km x 10 km UTM squares from Hungary
● = data available from the 10 km x 10 km UTM square Cserélendő SP-től
Number of amphibian and reptile species in in 10 km x 10 km UTM squares from Hungary
Previously known and recently proved occurrences of Hyla arborea in Hungary
Relative frequency of amphibian distribution data collected with different methods in Hungary 100% VES Road transect Egg count Netting Sound monitoring electrofishing trapping
80%
60%
40%
20%
SPECIES
da lm ati na R. ar am va ph l is ibi an si nt ot al
R.
ar bo re a
H.
fu sc us P.
dis vir i B.
S.
sa lam an dr a T. alp es tri s Bo .b om bin a
0%
Salamandra salamandra
Distribution of the fire salamander in Hungary
● = data available from the 10 km x 10 km UTM square
restricted distribution in middle mountains most abundant in stream valleys no busy roads mainly nocturnal, active during the day while it is raining
trapping electrofishing Sound monitoring Netting Egg count Road transect VES
Bufo viridis Photo: dr. Gergely Szövényi
Distribution of the green toad in Hungary
● = data available from the 10 km x 10 km UTM square
large distribution area abundant in lowlands, also present in urban areas nocturnal loud call as a pioneer species it can cover large distances
trapping electrofishing Sound monitoring Netting Egg count Road transect VES
Hyla arborea
Distribution of the European treefrog in Hungary
● = data available from the 10 km x 10 km UTM square
common abundant along river valleys, marshes and lakes loud call
trapping electrofishing Sound monitoring Netting Egg count Road transect VES
Visual encounter survey
Road transect
Sound monitoring
Electrofishing S. salamandra T. alpestris Bo. bombina B. viridis P. fuscus H. arborea R. dalmatina R. arvalis
To what extent road kill data can be used? In theory, all terrestrial and semi-aquatic species can suffer from road kills where they have populations near roads. Different species are threatened to a different extent by traffic according to species specific factors (movement types, length and direction of movement, velocity, temporal movement pattern, behavioural changes on roads),
Migration radius of amphibians (Blab, 1986)
Triturus alpestris Triturus vulgaris PelobatesHyla arborea Rana fuscus temporaria
Rana dalmatina
Bufo bufo
Do we always find the same species on the road? Sampling area: road network of five Hungarian national parks or large landscape protection areas (Danube - Ipoly National Park, Bükk National Park - Mátra Landscape Protection Area - KeletCserhát Landscape Protection Area , Körös - Maros National Park, Balaton Uplands National Park, Zemplén Landscape Protection Area ) Period: 1998-2004 (altogether approximately 250 days spent in the field) Statistical analysis: G test (testing homogenity)
Localities of the national amphibian road kill surveys in Hungary
N
Relative frequency of amphibian populations crossing roads Duna - Ipoly NP S. salamandra
R. temporaria Bo. bombina R. esculenta c. B. viridis
Cserhát - Mátra - Bükk
T. vulgaris T. dobrogicus
R. temporaria
T. vulgaris
B. viridis B. bufo
B. bufo H. arborea
H. arborea P. fuscus
P. fuscus R. dalmatina
R. dalmatina
Balaton-felvidéki NP Bo. bombina R. esculenta c. B. viridis
Zempléni TK R. temporaria Bo. bombina R. esculenta c.
T. vulgaris T. dobrogicus B. bufo
T. vulgaris B. bufo
B. viridis
H. arborea
P. fuscus
H. arborea R. dalmatina P. fuscus
R. dalmatina
Körös - Maros NP Bo. bombina
B. bufo R. dalmatina P. fuscus H. arborea
R. esculenta c.
B. viridis
Significant difference (G= 143,06, df= 40, p< 0,01) but not without the Körös – Maros NP!
Additional information gained Amphibian deformity types recorded in Hungary
(A= polymely (Rana esculenta); B= polydactyly (Triturus carnifex); C= unilateral anopthalmia Bufo bufo;AD= ectromely (Rana arvalis); E= syndactyly (Salamandra salamandra); F= multiple deformities, B C ectrodactyly, syndactyly, clinomely, (Bombina bombina)
D
E
F
Relative frequency of reptile distribution data collected with different methods in Hungary 100% VES Road transect Egg count Netting Shed skin electrofishing trapping
80% 60% 40% 20%
SPECIES
tot al
re pti les in
se l lat a tes
N.
au str i ac a N. na tr i x
C.
iss im a
lon g
A.
ur al i s
P. m
is vir id L.
fra gil is
E.
E.
orb
ic u l ar is
0%
Visual encounter survey
Electrofishing E. orbicularis L. viridis P. muralis A. fragilis E. longissima C. austriaca N. natrix N. tessellata
Road transect
CONCLUSIONS Methodological: In multi-species, large scale surveys complex methodology brings the best results. The efficiency of methods changes with species, habitat and time of the year. Additional data gathered by other specialists can be valuable in building herpetological data bases.
CONCLUSIONS Methodological: In multi-species, large scale surveys complex methodology brings the best results. The efficiency of methods changes with species, habitat and time of the year. Additional data e.g. gathered by other specialists can be valuable in building herpetological data bases. The knowledge of foreign experts can be valuable in building national data bases.
Status of mapping projects in Europe
National atlas has been published Preliminary or a regional atlas has been published
Pannonian biogeographical region
Instead of political boundaries data collection should facus on biogeographical units.
Thank you for your attention!
