Quality inspection of fruit and vegetables in Hungary

Quality inspection of fruit and vegetables in Hungary Dr Lajos Németh (MARD) National supervisor of fruit and vegetables quality inspection

István Ecsedi Head of Unit Co-ordination Centre for Quality Inspection of Fruit and Vegetables

Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Topics • Difficulties of establishing an inspection service • History • Present situation – – – –

Legislation Figures Risk analysis Fees and fines

• Simplification • Future thoughts Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Quality • „The totality of features and characteristics of a product, process or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs as broadly defined in ISO 9000:2000 •No quality without safety •Quality is MORE than safety. •Commercial quality is a set of parameters describing internal and external characteristics of the produce, which are necessary to ensure transparency in trade and good eating quality.” (Quoted from last year UN/ECE presentation) Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Quality the great integrator • • • • • • • • •

Variety (law, description) Plant protection (diagnosis, phytosanitary, residue issues) Plant growing technology Storage, packing, transport Statistics, marketing Some knowledge of food processing Food safety Inspection methodology IT knowledge


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Factors taken into consideration •Eaten part - variability (root, leaf, fruit, blossom) •Unequal production of the regions •Very different volume of deliveries of operators •Huge possible difference between the subsequent years •Seasonality, •Possibility in EU enlargement, •Similar needs of the non-EU members, •Expanding list of products subject to standards (2200/96 EC annex I) • Financial possibilities, • And the influence of all these parameters on the feasibility Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Step by step development I. 1993 1994 1996 1998

Application for recognition by the EU Introducing the compulsory export inspection for consignments delivered to EU member states Answering EU questionnaires Screening – –

2000

PO’s Further development of the quality inspection

Introducing compulsory import and domestic inspections


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Step by step development II. 2001

Submitting data on inspection recquired by the Commission

As a follow up recognition by the EU of the inspection organization (first ever)

2003 2005

Compulsory export inspection to all directions Reorganization of the inspection service into the institutional frame of the plant protection Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Present situation • The ‘Fruit and Vegetables Quality Inspection Service’ is operating in the institutional frame of the plant protection administration.


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Present situation- The quality inspection service is organized on three levels: National supervisor at MARD Department of Plant Protection and Soil Conservation

Co-ordination Centre for Quality Inspection of Fruit and Vegetables at Central Service for Plant Protection and Soil Conservation

Fruit and vegetables inspectors at County Services for Plant Protection and Soil Conservation Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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2201/96 EK rendelet A feldolgozott gyümölcs és zöldségtermékek piacának közös szervezésérol

1148/2001 EK rendelet A gyümölcs és zöldség ellenorzésérol

2200/96 EK rendelet A gyümölcs és zöldségpiac szervezésérol

411/97EK vr.

412/97EK vr.

478/97EK vr.

20/98 EK vr.

659/97EK vr.

1492/97EK vr.

A zöldség-gyümölcs minoségellenorzés magyar jogszabályi háttere

2190/96EK vr. 2003. évi LXXIII. Törvény MVH Törvény

2003. évi LXXXII. Törvény az élelmiszerekrol

2000. évi XXXV. Törvény a növényvédelemrol

609/2001 EK vr.

1433/2003 EK vr. muködési alapokról, muködési programokról

1432/2003EK vr. termeloi szervezetek termeloi csoportok elismerésének feltételeirol

1943/2003 EK vr. elozetesen elismert termeloi csoportoknak nyújtott támogatásokról

103/2004 EK vr. Intervenciós intézkedésekról és piaci árukivonásról

2113/2004 EK mr. 1582/2003 EK mr. 222/2005 EK mr. 1813/2004 EK mr. 2190/2004 EK mr.

1961/2001 EK vr. Az export visszatérítésrol

2520/1997 EK mr.

857/1999 EK mr.

Alma 920/89/EGK r. 1619/2001 EK r. 85/2004 EK r. 1238/2005 EK mr.

Körte 920/89/EGK r. 1619/2001 EK r. 86/2004 EK r.

Articsóka 58/62 EGK r. 963/98 EK r. 1466/2003 EK r.

Paradicsom 778/83 EK r. 790/2000 EK r. 717/2001 EK mr.

1257/1999 EK mr. 1176/2002 EK mr. 537/2004 EK mr. 386/2005 EK mr.

2699/2000 EK mr. 2826/2000 EK mr. 718/2001 EK mr. 911/2001 EK mr.

Banán 2257/94 EK r. 1135/96 EK mr. 386/97 EK mr. 228/2006 EK mr.

Citrusok 920/89 EGK r. 1799/2001 EK r. 453/2002 EK mr. 2010/2002 EK mr. 2173/2003 EK mr.

Avokádó 831/97 EK r. 1167/99 EK mr. 387/2005 EK mr.

Paraj 1591/87 EGK r. 888/97 EK mr. 386/2005 EK mr.

Bimbós kel 1591/87 EGK r. 888/97 EK mr. 386/2005 EK mr.

Póréhagyma 1292/81 EGK r.. 2396/2001 EK r.

Cukkini 1292/81 EGK r.. 1757/2003 EK r.

Sárgadinnye 1093/97 EK r. 1615/2001 EK r.

Étkezési paprika 79/88 EGK r. 1455/1999 EK r. 2706/2000 EK mr. 2147/2002 EK mr.

Sárgarépa 920/89 EK r. 730/1999 EK r.

545/2002 EK mr. 1881/2002 EK mr. 686/2004 EK r. Csatlakozás utáni átmeneti intézkedések 47/2003 EK mr.

Csemegeszolo 1730/87 EGK r. 2789/1999 EK r. 716/2001 EK mr. 2137/2002 EK mr.

Cseresznye, meggy 899/87 EGK r. 214/2004 EK r.

2379/2001 EK mr.

Héjas dió 175/2001 EK r. 80/2003 EK mr.

408/2003 EK mr. Héjas mogyoró 1284/2002 EK r.

Kajszi 1108/91 EGK r. 851/2000 EK r.

A zöldségek és gyümölcsök minoségét a növényvédelmi igazgatás szervezetének keretében muködo Zöldség-Gyümölcs Minoség-ellenorzési Szolgálat ellenorzi.

Fejes saláta, fodros endívia saláta, széleslevelu endívia saláta 79/88 EK r. 1543/2001 EK r.

Fejeskáposzta és kelkáposzta 1591/87 EGK r. 888/97 EK mr. 1135/2001 EK mr. 386/2005 EK mr.

Fokhagyma 10/65 EGK r. 2288/97 EK r.

Görögdinnye 1093/97 EK r. 1862/2004 EK r. Kiwi 410/90 EGK r. 1673/2004 EK r.

2590/2001 EK r. 606/2002 EK r. 1791/2002 EK r. 2103/2002 EK r. 761/2003 EK r. 430/2006 EK r. 431/2006 EK r.

Svájc Izrael Marokkó Dél-Afrika India Szenegál Kenya

Oszibarack, nektarin 3596/90 EGK r. 2335/1999 EK r. 1861/2004 EK r.

Szamóca 899/87 EK r. 888/97 EK mr. 843/2002 EK r.

Hajtatott cikória 2213/83 EGK r. 1872/91 EGK mr. 888/97 EK mr.

Halványító zeller 1591/87 EGK r. 386/2005 EK mr.

Karfiol 23/62 EGK r. 963/98 EK r. 2551/1999 EK mr. 1135/2001 EK mr.

Spárga 454/92 EGK r. 2377/99 EK r. 1050/2005 EK mr.

Termesztett csiperkegomba 982/2002 EK r. 1863/2004 EK r.

Tojásgyümölcs 1292/81 EGK r. 888/97 EK mr. 1135/2001 EK mr.

Uborka 1677/88 EGK r. 888/97 EK mr. 386/2005 EK mr.

Vöröshagyma 2213/83 EGK r. 1508/2001 EK r. 1465/2003 EK mr.

41/2005 (IV.28) FVM rendelet zöldség- és gyümölcságazatban alkalmazott intervenciós intézkedések és a piacról való kivonás végrehajtásához szükséges nemzeti szabályokról

82/2004. (V. 11.) FVM rendelet a gyümölcs és zöldség minoségellenorzésérol 123/2004. (VII. 29.) FVM mr.

63/2005. (VII. 12.) FVM mr. 302/2005. (XII. 25.) Korm. rendelet a hatósági élelmiszerellenorzés rendjérol

19/2004. (II. 26.) FVM-ESZCSMGKM együttes rendelet Az élelmiszerek jelölésérol

89/2005. (X. 11.) FVM-EüMICsSzEM-PM együttes rendelet az élelmiszer-ellenorzési igazgatási szolgáltatási díjakról

56/1997. (VIII. 14.) FM-IKIM-NM együttes rendelet az élelmiszerek megsemmisítésének feltételeirol és módjáról

Az élelmiszerek jelölésérol szóló 19/2004. (II. 26.) FVM-ESZCSMGKM együttes rendelet valamint a módosítására kiadott 167/2004. (XI. 29.) FVM-EüMGKM, a 38/2005. (IV. 27) FVM-EüM-GKM és a 90/2005. (X. 13) FVM-EüM-GKM 5/2006. (I. 20) FVM-EüM-ICsSzEM

25/2000. (VII. 26.) GM-FVM együttes rendelet az elorecsomagolt iparcikkek és élelmiszerek megengedett tömeg- és térfogatértékeirol és azok ellenorzési módszereirol

Zöldbab 58/62 EGK r. 912/2001 EK r.

Zöldborsó 58/62 EGK r. 2561/1999 EK r. 532/2001 EK mr.

Szilva 1591/87 EGK r. 1168/1999 EK r. 848/2000 EK mr. 537/2003 EK mr. 379/2005 EK mr.

46/2003 EK mr. 48/2003 EK mr. 907/2004 EK mr.


Piros szín = hatályos rendelet Szürke szín = hatályon kívül helyezve r.= rendelet mr.= módosító rendelet vr.= végrehajtási rendelet

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Figures Fruit and vegetable lots inspected on domestic market, at export and import stage (including shipments to and from MS) (1994-2005) 35000

domestic market

Number of lots

30000 25000

import+ shimpents from MS export+ shipments to MS

20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Year Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Figures Inspected fruit and vegetable lots (Hungary, 2005)

November

September

domestic market

July

May

March

4000 3000 2000 1000 0

January

lots

15/06/2005 5000 reorganization

month Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

import+ shipments from other MS export+ shipments to other MS

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Calculation of the risk R= 100 − ( 0 ,13 × S 1 × S 2 × S 3 × (S 4 + S 5 + S 6 ) ) Frequency of inspection is calculated based on the value of the Risk factor whereas S is safety.

Value of R

Frequency

R=0-40

24 month

R=41-60

12 month

R=61-80

6 month

R=81-99

3 month

R=100

Stays on the list of operators to be inspected Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Factors of the risk assessment and their explanation M a in f a c t o rs S2 E v a lu a t io n o f t h e la s t in s p e c t io n e ve nt

S1 P o s it io n in t h e m a rk e t in g c h a in

4

S h o p s a ls o s e llin g f& v (E )

3

F & v sho p s (D )

2

S u p e r m a r k e ts w it h c e n t r a l d is t r ib u t io n (C )

1

H y p e r m a r k e ts (B )

0

W h o le s a le r s , P O ’s (A )

4

3

2

1

0

N o a c t io n h a s b e e n ta k e n

N C re ga rd s la b e llin g

4

O th e r fa c to rs S5

S4 E v a lu a t io n b a s e d o n th e m a rk e te d v o lu m e

4

S o m e m a r k e te d p r o d u c e in s m a ll q u a n t it y

S6 E v a lu a t io n o f t h e q u a lit y a s s u ra n c e s y s te m

E v a lu a t io n b a s e d o n a re a c o v e re d

4

L o c a l le v e l

4

3

S o m e p ro d uc e

3

C it y le v e l

3

2

P ro d uc e c o n fo r m a t t h e la s t in s p e c t io n

2

S e ve ra l p r o d u c ts , m a r k e te d c o n t in u o u s ly in s m a ll v o lu m e

2

C o u n ty o r c a p it a l le v e l

2

A c t io n : p r o d u c e 1 o u tg r a d e d

N o a c t io n h a s b e e n ta k e n a t t h e la s t in s p e c t io n

1

O ne p ro d uc t m a r k e t e d in g r e a t v o lu m e

1

C o u n t r y le v e l

1

0

S e ve ra l p r o d u c ts m a r k e te d c o n t in u o u s ly in g r e a t v o lu m e

0

I n t e r n a t io n a l le v e l

A c t io n : d o w n g r a d in g

A c t io n : m o r e p r o d u c ts h a v e b e e n fo u n d o u t o f gra d e

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S3 B onus bas e d o n re s u lt s o f t h e la s t in s p e c t io n s P ro d uc e c o n fo r m t o t h e s ta n d a r d a t th e la s t 3 in s p e c t io n s P ro d uc e c o n fo r m t o t h e s ta n d a r d a t th e la s t 2 in s p e c t io n s

0

C o ns um e r’s r e c la im s in c e t h e la s t in s p e c t io n


0

E m p lo y s s t a ff r e g u la r ly e d u c a t e d in t h is fie ld A p p lie s e le m e n t s o f q u a lit y a ss ura nc e s y s te m T h e o p e r a to r ta k e s p a r t a c t iv e ly in t h e c o r r e c t io n o f th e N C Lacks in fo r m a t io n r e g a r d in g q u a lit y r e q u ir e m e n t s R e la t io n t o q u a lit y is s u e s h a s to b e im p r o v e d

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F&V inspection database

Inspection certificate Non-conformity report for domestic market Non-conformity report for export or import Processing certificate Resolution Registration of a new operator Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Fees • Fees are applicable at: • Export inspection (including issuance of the conformity certificate) • Import inspection (including issuance of the conformity certificate) • In case of non-conformity in domestic inspection (when fine is imposed) • In domestic inspection done on request


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Fines • Shall be imposed in case of nonconformity of the product on domestic market • It is ruled in the food law (3 cases): – Food safety problem – Quality problem – Labelling problem


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How to consider fruits and vegetables? Rules from general

Products

General rules (commercial, etc.)

Food products

Food regulation (safety, labeling, etc.)

Food products of plant origin

Phytosanitary measures

Fruit and vegetables fresh or

processed

Common market regulations •Community aid •Marketing standards

to special Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Simplification I. Simplifying complicated situations More but simple standards

as it’s said in reg. 2200/96 EC preamble (4) ‘Whereas

it would be desirable, for reasons of simplicity, to adopt standards for fruit and vegetables having a relatively large impact on the market…’ Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Simplification II. Strengthening uniform application of Community rules Results: •Equal inspection pressure would facilitate trade and •At the same time more effective protection of consumers’ interest Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Future Rules and practice A control system is: able to work under any circumstances (belonging to any institution) but the most important condition of well working is: a professionally independent inspection body (controlled on common level) Quality Inspection System of Fruit and Vegetables

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Thank you for your attention


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Quality inspection of fruit and vegetables in Hungary

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