DAFTAR PUSTAKA [1] Li ,Hongze., Cui, Sen Guon, Liuyang Jiaojiao., Jiaojiao, Yan., and Wang, Liu Bao. 2015. “Review of renewable energy industry in Beijing: Development status, Status,Obstacles And Proposals”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 43 (2015) 711–725 [2]
Hasan, M.H., Mahliaa,T.M.I., and Nur, Hadi. 2012. “A Review on Energy Scenario and Sustainable Energy in Indonesia”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 : 2316– 2328
[3]
Tsigie,Yeshitila A., Wu, Chung-Hsan.,
Huynh, Lien Huong., Ismadji,
Suryadi., and Yi-Hsu Ju. 2012. “Bioethanol Production from Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g Biomass”. Bioresource Technology xxx (2012) xxx–xxx [4]
Dodic, Sinisa., Popov, Stevan, Dodic, Jelena., Rankovic., Zavargo., dan Rada. 2009. “Bioethanol production from thick juice as intermediate of sugar beet processing”. Biomas and bioenergy 33 (822-827).
[5]
Suntana, Asep S., Vogt, Kristiina A., Turnblom, Eric C., and Upadhye, Ravi. 2009. ”Bio-Methanol Potential In Indonesia: Forest Biomass As A Source Of Bio-Energy That Reduces Carbon Emissions”. Applied Energy 86 ; S215–S221
[6]
Zheng, Dao-Qiong., Wu, Xue-Chang., Tao, Xiang-Lin., Wang, Pin-Mei., Ping Li, Xiao-Qin Chi, Yu-Dong Li,Qing-Feng Yan, And Zhao,Yu-Hua. 2011. “Screening and Construction Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Strains with Improved Multi-Tolerance and Bioethanol Fermentation Performance”. Bioresource Technology 102 ; 3020–3027
[7]
Jannah, Asyeni Miftahul. 2010. “Proses Fermentasi Hidrolisat Jerami Padi untuk Menghasilkan Bioetanol”. Jurnal Teknik Kimia No. 1 Vol. 17.
[8]
Wei, Ping, Li-Hua Cheng, Lin Zhang, Xin-Hua Xu, Huan-lin Chen,and Gao, Cong-jie. 2014. “A review of membrane technology for bioethanol production”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 30 ; 388–400
[9]
Aparicio, Susana López., Hak, Claudia., Sundvor, Ingrid., and Sundseth, Kyrre. 2014. “Understanding effects of bioethanol fuel use on urban air quality: An integrative approach”. Energy Procedia 58 ; 215 – 220
26 Universitas Sumatera Utara
[10] Alvira, P., Pejo, E. Tomas., Ballesteros, M., Negro, M.J., 2009. “Pretreatment Technologies For An Efficient Bioethanol Production Process Based On Enzymatic Hydrolysis: A Review”. Bioresource Technology 101, 4851-4861. [11] Cardona, C.A., J.A. Quintero, and I.C. Paz. 2010. “Production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse: Status and perspectives”. Bioresource Technology 101 ; 4754–4766 [12] Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna., Arthawan, I Gusti Ketut., Sari, Anis Novita., 2012. “Potensi Nira Kelapa Sebagai Bahan Baku Bioetanol”. Jurnal Bumi Lestari, Vol. 12, No.1, Hal. 85-92. [13] Effendi, Dedi Soleh., 2010. “Prospek Pengembangan Tanaman Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr) Mendukung Kebutuhan Bioetanol di Indonesia”. Perspektif Vol.9, No.1, Hal. 36-46. ISSN : 1412-8004. [14] Chairul dan Yenti, Silvia Reni. 2013. “Pembuatan Bioetanol dai Nira Nipah Menggunakan Sacharomyces cerevisiae”. Jurnal Teknobiologi IV (2) : 105108. ISSN : 2087-5428 [15] Kismurtono, Muhammad. 2012. “Fed-batch Alcoholic Fermentation of Palm Juice (Arenga pinnata Merr) : Influence of the Feeding Rate on Yeast, Yield and Productivity”. ISSN : 2049-344 [16] Fahrizal, Yusya’ Abubakar, Murna Muzaifa, and Muslim. 2013. “The Effects of Temperature and Length of Fermentation on Bioethanol Production from Arenga Plant (Arenga pinnata MERR)”. Vol.3 No. 3 ISSN: 2088-5334 [17] Tangkuman, Herling D., Rorong, Johnly A., Pandara, Dolfie., Tamuntuan, Gerald., 2010. “Produksi Bioetanol dari Nira Aren Menggunakan Energi Geothermal”. Chem Prog, Vol. 3, No. 1. [18] Lin, Yan., and Tanaka,. Shuzo. 2006. “Ethanol Fermentation from Biomass Resources: Current State and Prospects”. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 69, 627–642. [19] Ishak, M.R., Sapuan, S.M., Leman, Z., Rahman, M.Z.A., Anwar, U.M.K., Siregar, J.P., 2013. “Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata): Its Fibres, Polymers and Composites”. Carbohydrate Polymers 91, 699-710
27 Universitas Sumatera Utara
[20] Irawan, Prima.,
Putri, Lollie A. P., dan Husni, Yusuf. 2013. “Pengaruh
Pemberian Giberellin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr)”. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi Vol.1, No.3. ISSN No. 2337- 6597 [21] Ho, C.W., Aida, W.M. Wan., Maskat, M.Y., Osman, H., 2006. “Changes in Volatile Compounds of Palm Sap (Arenga pinnata) During The Heating Process For Production of Palm Sugar”. Food Chemistry 102, 1156-1162. [22] Sahari, J., Sapuan, S.M., Zainudin, E.S., Maleque, M.A., 2012. “A New Approach to Use Arenga pinnata as Sustainable Biopolymer: Effect of Plasticizers on Physical Properties”. Procedia Chemistry 4, 254-259. [23] Pontoh, Julius., Gunawan, Indriani., Fatimah, Feti., 2011. “Analisis Kandungan Protein Dalam Nira Aren”. Chem Prog, Vol. 4, No.2 [24] Lee, Wen Shiang., Chen, I Chu., Chang, Cheng-Hsiung., Yang, Shang Shyng., 2012. “Bioethanol Production From Sweet Potato by CoImmobilization of Saccharolytic Molds and Saccharomyces cerevisiae”. Renewable Energy 39, 216-222. [25] Cheng, Ngoh Gek., Hasan, Masitah., Kumoro, Andri Chahyo., Ling, Chew Fui., Tham, Margaret., 2009. “Production of
Ethanol by Fed-Batch
Fermentation”. Pertanika J.SCi & Technol 17 (2), 399-408. ISSN: 01287680. [26] Ha, Jung Hwan., Shah, Nasrullah., Ul-Islam, Mazhar., dan Park, Joong Kon. 2011. “Potential of waste from beer fermentation broth for bio-ethanol production
without
any
additional
enzyme,
microbial
cells
dan
carbohydrates”. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 49 (2011) 298-304. [27] Dominguez-Bocanegra, Alma Rosa., Torres-Munoz, Jorge Antonio., dan Lopez, Ricardo Aguilar. 2014. “Producion of Bioethanol from AgroIndustrial Wastes”. [28] Romdhoni, Machrus Afif. 2014. “Pembuatan Bioetanol Darisen Teh Hijau sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif”. JTM Volume 03 N. 02 11-19. [29] Nguyen, Viet D., Aurensenia, Joseph., Kosuge, Hitoshi., Tan, Raymon R., dan Brondial, Yolanda. 2011. “Vacuum fermentation Integrated with separation process for ethanol production.” Biochemical Engineering Journal 55 (206-214).
28 Universitas Sumatera Utara
[30] Fauzi, A Rachman., Haryadi, Didik., dan Priyanto, Slamet. 2012. “Pengaruh Waktu Fermentasi dan Efektivitas Adsobben dalam Pembuatan Biotanol Fuel Grade dari Limbah Pod Kakao.” Jurnal Reknologi Kimia dan Industri Vol.1, No. 1, Tahun 2012. [31] Hadi, Sopyang., Thamrin., Moersidil, Setyo S., dan Bahry, Syaiful. 2013. “Karakteristik dan Potensi Bioetanol dari Nira Nipah (Nypa fruticans) untuk Penerapan Skala Teknologi Tepat Guna. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan.” ISSN 1978-5283. [32] Sahari, J., Sapuan, S.M., Zainudi, E.S., dan Maleque. 2013. “Thermomechanical Behaviors of thermoplastic Strach Derived from Sugar Palm Tree (Arenga pinnata).” Jurnal Carbohydrate Polymers 92 1711-1716. [33] Lempang, Mody dan Mangopang, Albert D., 2012. “Efektivitas Nira Aren Sebagai Bahan Pengembang Adonan Roti.” Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea, Vol. 1, No. 1, 26-35. [34] Adawiyah, Dede R., Sasaki, Tomoko., dan Kohyama., Kaoru. 2013. “Characterization of Arenga Starch in Ccomparison with Sago Strach.” Jurnal Carbohydrate Polymers 92 (2013) 2306-2313 [35] Mulyawanti, Ira., Nurdi Setyawan, Andi Nur Alam Syah, Risfaheri. 2011. “Evaluasi Mutu Kimia, Fisika Dan Mikrobiologi Nira Aren (Arenga Pinnata) Selama Penyimpanan.” Jurnal Agritech, Vol. 31, No. 4. [36] Haggstrom, Caroline., Rova, Ulrika., Brandberg., Hodge, David B., 2014. “Integration of Ethanol Fermentation With Second Generation Biofuels Technologies.” [37] Saarela, Ulla., Leiviska, Kauko., dan Juuso, Esko. 2003. “Modeling of A Fed-Batch Fermentation Process.” ISBN 951-42-7514-4 [38] Fan, Senqing., Chen, Shiping., Tang, Xiaoyu., Xiao, Zeyi., Deng, Qing., Yao, Peina., Sun, Zhaopeng., Zhang, Yan., Chen, Chunyan., 2015. Kinetic “Model of Continuos Ethanol Fermentation in Closed-Circulating Process With Pervaporation Membrane Bioreactor by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.” Bioresource Technology 177, 169-175.
29 Universitas Sumatera Utara
[39] Tamunaidu, Pramila., Matsui, Naohiro., Okimori, Yasuyuki., and Shiro Saka. 2013. “Nipa (Nypa Fruticans) Sap as A Potential Feedstock for Ethanol.” Production. Biomass and Bioenergy 52 ; 96e102 [40] Generoso, Wesley Cardoso., Schadeweg, Virginia., Oreb, Mislav., Boles, Eckhard., 2015. “Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae For Production of Butanol Isomers.” Biotechnology 33, 1-7. [41] Shahirah, Mohd Nasir Nor., Gimbun, Jolius., Pang, Sook Fun., Zakria, Rossyuhaida Mohd., Cheng, Chin Kui., Chua, Gek Kee., dan Asras, Mohd Fazli Farida. 2014. “Influence of Nutrient addition on the bioethanol yield from oil palm trunk sap fermented by s.cerevisiae. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry.” [44] Dehkordi, Mohsen Mobini., Nahvi, Iraj., Esfahami, Hamid Zarkesh., Ghaedi, Kamran., Tavassoli, Manoochehr., Akada, Rinji., 2008. “Isolation of a Novel Mutant Strain Of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by an Ethyl Methan Sulfonate-Induced Mutagenesis Approach as a High Producer of Bioethanol. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering.” Vol. 105, No.4, 403 408. [45] MRC. Intruction Manual For Hand Held Refractometers. Laboratory Equipment Manufacturer. Hagvish st.Israel. [46] Jamaliah, Mustaofidatul. 2011. Sintesis Etanol Melalui Reaksi Hidrogenasi Heksil Asetat dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Katalis. Skripsi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah. [47] Revitasari, Reviana. 2014. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ragi dan Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Perolehan Bioetanol dari Kulit Durian. Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. [48] Perry, Robert H dan Green, Don. 1958. Perry’s Chemical Engineering Hanbook. Edisi Keenam. [49] Ihsan, Farihul dan Wahyudi, Anang. 2010. Teknik Analisis Kadar Sukrosa Pada Buah Pepaya. Buletin Teknik Pertanian Vol. 15 No.1, 2010 10-12. [50] Pinata, Dian danNafwa, Refdinal. Uji Kualitatif Etanol yang Diproduksi Secara Enzimatis Menggunakan Z. Mobilis Permeabel. Prosing Skripsi Semester Genap 2010/2011. SK-091304
30 Universitas Sumatera Utara
[51] Eka, Agustinus dan Halim, Amran. Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Nira Siwalan Secara Fermentasi Fese Cair Menggunakan Ferminpan. Jurusan Teknik Kimia. Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Diponegoro. [52] Mukhtar, K., Asgher, M., Hussain, K., dan Ziaul-Husnain, S. 2010. “Comparative study on two comercial strains of s.cerevisiae for optimum ethanol productionon industrial scale. Journal of Biomedicine and biotechnology.” [53] Oktaviani, Intan., Ahmad, Adrianto., dan Chairul. 2015. “Pengaruh Laju Pengadukan Terhadap Biokonversi Reject Nanas Menjadi Bioetanol.” JOM Fteknik Volume 2 No.1 [54] Jeckson, Edie., Ahmad, Adrianto., dan Muria, Sri Rezeki. 2014. “Pengaruh Laju Pengadukan dalam Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Limbah Serabut Buah Sawit Menggunakan Saccharomycess cerevisiae.” JOM Fteknik Volume 1 No.2 [55] Kurniawan, R., Juhanda, S., Syamsudin, R., dan Lukman., MA. 2011. “Pengaruh Jenis dan Kecepatan Pengadukan pada Fermentasi Etanol Secara Sinambung dalam Bioreaktor Tangki Berpengaduk Sel Tertambat.” Jurnal STU 10 November 2011, ISSN : 1693-1750 Itenas. [56] Kirk Orthmer, Fourth Edition. Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Volume 1, (John Wiley & Son Inc, 1945) [57] Badan Standar Nasional, Etanol Nabati SNI 3565 : 2009, (Jakarta, 2009)
31 Universitas Sumatera Utara
