DAFTAR PUSTAKA Aditriawan, R.M. 2013. Akumulasi logam berat tembaga (Cu) pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang dipelihara pada media berisi sedimen dari waduk cirata. Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB. Bogor. Antunes C, Magalha es-Cardoso T, Moura G, Gonc¸ alves D, Machado J. 2002. Effects of Al, Ni, Co, Zn, Cd and Cu metals on the outer mantle epithelium of Anodonta cygnea (Unionidae). Haliotis. 31:71–84. Ardha, Ngurah. 2010. Memburu Emas di Sekotong Lombok Barat. http://www.esdm.go.id/berita/artikel/56-artikel/4012--memburu-emas-disekotong-lombok-barat.html. Diakses pada Februari 2013. Aspinall, C. 2001. Small-scale mining in Indonesia. International Institute for Environment and Development and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. England. Barkay, T. 1992. Mercury Cycle, Encyclopedia of Microbiology. Academic Press. Inc. London. Boszke, L., A.Kowalski, G.Glosinska, R.Szarek, and J.Siepak. 2003. Environmental factors affecting speciation of mercury in the bottom sediment; an overview. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 12(1): 5-13. Campbell, P. 2002. Predicting metal bioavalaibility – applicability of the biotic ligand model. CIESM Workshop Monographs Metal and Radionuclides Bioaccumulation In Marine Organisms. CIESM. Monaco. Chelomin,V.P., N.O. Lukjanova, E.A. Bobkova, Oceanic and Anthropogenic Controls of Life in the Pacific Ocean, KluwerAcademic Publisher, Netherlands, 1992, 287. Cmassengale. 2011. Clam dissection. www.biologyjunction.com/clam_dissection diakses pada April 2014. Connell D. W. & G. J. Miller. 1995. Kimia dan Ekotoksikologi Pencemaran. Penerjemah; Yanti Koestoer; Pendamping, Sahati. UI-press. Jakarta. Darmono. 1995. Logam Dalam Sistem Biologi Makhluk Hidup. Penerbit Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. 140 hal. Darmono. 2001. Lingkungan Hidup dan Pencemaran: Hubungan Dengan Toksiologi Senyawa Logam Berat. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta. 179 hal.
Diantoro, Y. 2010. Emas: Investasi dan Pengolahannya. PT.Gramedia Pustaka. Jakarta. Drasch, G., M. Horvat, and M. Stoeppler. 2004. Mercury. In Elements and their compounds in the environment: Metals and their compounds (Vol. 2), ed. E. Merian, M. Anke, M. Ihnat, and M. Stoeppler. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA. Weinheim. Doucette, William, J. 2012. Lecture 9: Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for aquatic organisms. Utah State Univeristy. Utah. Fardiaz, S. 1992. Polusi Air dan Udara. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius. Fent K. 1998. Okotoxikologie. Umweltchemie, Toxikologie, Okologie. 1st ed. Stuttgart, Germany: Thieme Verlag. Fisher, N.S. 2002. Metal and radionucleids bioaccumulation in marine organism. Executive summary “CIESM Workshop Monographs” 19 : CIESM workshop and monographs. Monaco. p 7-25. Fitriyah, Khaina Rinda. 2007. Studi pencemaran logam berat cadmium (Cd), merkuri (Hg), dan timbal (Pb) pada air laut, sedimen dan Kerang Bulu (Anadara antiquata) di perairan pantai Lekok Pasuruan. Skripsi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Malang. Gangnon, C., Fisher, N.S., 1997. Bioavailability of sedimentbound methyl and inorganic mercury to a marine bivalve. Environ. Sci. Technol. 31, 993±998. Hamidah, 1980. Pengaruh Logam Berat Terhadap Lingkungan di Dalam Pewarta. Oseana, No: ZN I., Jakarta. LON. Halaman 15-19. Harizal. 2006. Studi Konsentrasi Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) Pada Kerang Hijau (Perna Viridis) Sebagai Bio Monitoring Pencemaran Di perairan Pantai Banyu Urip Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur. Skripsi, Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan Universitas Brawijaya. Malang. Hidayati, N., T. Juhaeti, and F. Syarif. 2009. Mercury and cyanide contaminations in gold mine environment and possible solution of cleaning up by using phytoextraction. Hayati Journal of Biosciences 16(3): 88 - 94. Hutagalung, H.P. 1991. Pencemaran Laut Oleh Logam Berat. Dalam Status Pencemaran Laut di Indonesia dan Teknik Pemantauannya. P30-LIPI. Jakarta. Hal 45-59.
Hutagalung, H.P. dan H. Razak, 1981. Kandungan Logam Berat Dalam Beberapa Perairan Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Pemantauan Kualitas Air Laut. XXV (14) : 223 - 346. Info POM. 2004. Merkuri dan Bahayanya bagi kesehatan. Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Vol. 5. No.4. Juli 2004. Khaniki, G.R.J., I. Alli , E. Nowroozi, and R. Nabizadeh. 2005. Mercury contamination in fish and public health aspects: A review. Pak. J. Nutr. 4: 276-281. Lasut, M.T. 2002. Metallothionein: Suatu parameter kunci yang penting dalam penetapan baku mutu air laut (BMAL), Indonesia. Ekoton Vol 2, No. 1: 61-68. Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup dan Sumberdaya Alam (PPLH-SDA). Lembaga Penelitian, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia. 8 hal. Lakshmanan, P.N.K. Nambisan, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 43 (1989) 131. Leiwakabessy F. 2005. Logam Berat di Perairan Pantai Pulau Ambon dan Korelasinya dengan Kerusakan Cangkang, Rasio Seks, Ukuran Cangkang, Kepada Individu dan Indeks Keragaman Jenis Siput Nerita (Neritidae: Gastropoda. Disertasi.. Surabaya: Program Pascasarjana Universitas Airlangga. Manly R, George WO. 1977. The occurrence of some heavy metals in populations of the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina (L.) from the River Thames. Environ Pollut. 14:139–154. Mason, R. P., Fitzgerald, W. F. and Morel, F. M. M. 1994. The biogeochemical cycling of elemental mercury: Anthropogenic influences. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta . 58:3191-3198. Miller, G.T. 1982. Living in The Environment. Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc. California. Morel, F.M.M., Krepiel, A.M.L., and Amyot, M. 1998. The chemical cycle and bioaccumulation of mercury. Annu Rev Syst. 29: 543-566. Morton B. 1983. Feeding and digestion in bivalvia. In: Salleuddin ASM, Wilbur KM, editors. Vol. 5. The Mollusca, physiology. London: Academic Press. p. 65–147. Moura G, Vilarinho L, Guedes R, Machado J. 2000. The action of some heavy metals on the calcification process of Anodonta cygnea (Unionidae): nacre morphology and composition changes. Haliotis. 29:43–53.
NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration).1996. Contaminants in Aquatic Habitats at Hazardous Waste Sites: Mercury. U.S. Department of Commerce. Washington D.C. Noelle, E.S. 2009. Global biogeochemichal cycling of mercury: A review. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 34: 43 – 63. Palar, H. 1994. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. Rineka Cipta. Bandung Palaniappan, P.L.R.M. and S. Karthikeyan. 2009. Bioaccumulation and depuration of chromium in the selected organs and whole body tissues of freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala individually and in binary solutions with nickel. Journal of Environmental Science. 21: 229-236. Patel, K. Anthony, Mar. Biol. 108 (1991) 457. Public Health and Environment. 2007. Exposure to Mercury: A Major Public Health Concern. World Health Organization. Geneva. Ravichandran, M. 2004. Interactions between mercury and dissolved organic matter; a review. Chemosphere. 55: 319-331. Rocher, B., J. le Goff, L. Peluchet, M. Briand, H. Manduzio, J. Gallois, M.H. Devier, O. Geffard, L. Gricourt, S. Auggagneur, H. Budzinski, D. Pottier, V. Andre, P. Lebailly, and J. Cachot. 2006. Genotoxicant accumulation and cellular defence activation in bivalves chronically exposed to waterborne contaminants from the Seine River. Aquatic Toxicology. 79: 65-77. Rochyatun, E dan Rozak, A. 2007. Pemantauan Kadar Logam Berat dalam Sedimen di Perairan Teluk Jakarta. Makara Sains. Vol. 11. No. 1. April 2007. Russell-Pinto F. 1998. Biologia dos moluscos bivalves. In: Henriques MAR’ editor. Manual de Aquacultura. Porto, Portugal: ICBAS. Universidade do Porto. Sarkany-Kiss A, Fodor A, Ponta M. 1997. Bioacumulation of certain heavy metals by unionidae molluscs in Crig/Ktirisl rivers. In: Sarkany-Kiss A, Hamar J (eds). Tiscia monographseries. Szolnok, Szeged, Tg. Mureg. Cluj, Romania. Setiabudi, B.T. 2005. Penyebaran Merkuri Akibat Usaha Pertambangan Emas Di Daerah Sangon, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, D.I. Yogyakarta. Kolokium Hasil Lapangan – DIM.
Soemirat, J. 2005. Toksikologi Lingkungan. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. Soto M, Marigómez I, Cancio I. 2008. Biological aspects of metal accumulation and storage. University of the Basque Country. Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain. Suseno, Heny. 2011. Disertasi. Bioakumulasi merkuri dan metil merkuri oleh Oreochromis mossambicus menggunakan aplikasi perunut radioaktif: pengaruh konsentrasi, salinitas, partikulat, ukuran ikan dan kontribusi jalur pakan. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Indonesia. Depok. Sumual, H. 2009. Karakterisasi Limbah Tambang Emas Rakyat Dimembe Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. AGRITEK 17(5): 932-938. Suwignyo, P. Basmi J. Dan Lumban BDTF. 1984. Studi beberapa aspek biologi kerang hijau, Mytilus viridis L. di Teluk Jakarta. Laporan Penelitian. Bogor : Jurusan Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan, IPB. Suyono, Chrisna Adi. 2006. Bioakumulasi logam berat melalui sistem jaringan makanan dan linkungan pada Kerang Bulu Anadara inflata. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Vol. 11 (1) 19 – 22. Szefer, M. Wolowiez, A. Kusak, J.-M. Deslous-Paoli, W. Czarnowski, K. Frelek, M. J. Belzunce, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 36 (1999) 56. Taftazani, A., Basuki, K.T., Sumining, Sasongko., D.P. Kusminarto. 1998. Faktor Distribusi dan Bioakumulasi Radionuklida dalam Sedimen dan Kerang di Perairan Pantai Semarang. Sem. Nas. VII Kimia dalam Industri dan Lingkungan. JASAKIAI. Yogyakarta. Umar, M.T., Meagaung, W.M., Fachrudi, L. 2001. Kandungan Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu) pada Air, Sedimen dan Kerang Marcia sp. di Teluk Parepare, Sulawesi Selatan. Schi & Tech, Vol. 2. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Mercury Study Report to Congress Volume III: Fate and Transport of Mercury in the Environment. Office of Air Quality Planning and StandardsandOffice of Research and Development. Washington D.C. Utah Department of Environmental Quality. 2014. Mercury in Environment www.mercury.utah.gov/bioaccumulation. Diakses pada April 2014.
Waldichuk, M. 1974. Some Biological Concern In Metals Pollution. Dalam "Pollution and physology of marine organisms" (VERNBERG & VERNBERG eds.) Acad. Press. London. 1 - 45. Weiss, C.M., R.P. Maas, and S.A. Dressing. 1981. Stream Monitoring for Heavy metals by analysis of aquatic insect larvae. Project No. A-095-NC. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering. School of Public Health. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina. Widodo. 2008. Pengaruh perlakuan amalgamasi terhadap tingkat perolehan emas dan kehilangan merkuri. Jurnal RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan 18(1): 47 – 54. Wijani, Ir. 1990. Plathyhelminthes, Nemerteans, Aschelminthes, Mollusca. Diktat Kuliah Avertebrata Air I. Fakultas Perikanan Unibraw. Malang. Yap, A. Ismail, A.R. Ismail, S.G. Tan. 2006. Wetland Sci. 4 247. Yennie, Yusma dan Murtini, Jovita Tri. 2005. Kandungan Logam berat Air Laut, Sedimen dan Daging Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di Perairan Menthok dan Tanjung Jabung Timur. Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 12(1):27-32.12(1):27-32. Zhou, Q., Z. Jianbin, F. Jianjie, S. Jianbo, and G. Jiang. 2008. Biomonitoring: An appealing tool for assessment of metal pollution in the aquatic ecosystem. Analytica Chimica Acta.
