DAFTAR PUSTAKA Anderson dan Sitar, 1995, Analysis of Rainfall-induced Debris flow, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 121, No. 7, pp 544 – 552. Arattano, M. , and Franzi, L., 2004, Analysis of Different Water-Sediment Flow Processes in Mountain Torrent, Natural Hazards and Earth, System Sciences 4: Monitoring and Modelling of Lanslides and Lahar Flow, pp 783 – 791. Bagnold, R.A. , 1954, Experiments on a Gravity-free Dispersion of Large Solid Spheres in a Newtonian Fluid under Shear, Proceeding Royal Society London, Vol. 225 pp 49 – 63. Bardan, M., 1998, Awal Gerak Butiran Sedimen Pada Saluran Curam dengan Material Dasar Tak Seragam, Master Thesis, Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Bathurst, J.C., Burton A. And Ward, T.J., 1997, Debris flow run-out and Landslide Sediment Delivery Model Test, Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 123, No. 5, pp 410 – 419. Bemmelen, R.W. van, 1949, The Geology of Indonesia, The Gov. Printing Office, The Hague, Netherlands. 3 Vols. 1027pp. plus 16 plates and 47 maps. Bevarage and Culberston, 1964, Hyperconcentrations of Suspended Sediment, Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 90, HY6 pp. 117 – 128. Bowles,J.E., Sifat- sifat Phisis dan Geoteknis Tanah, Erlangga, Jakarta. Brand, E.W., 1984, Landslides in Southeast Asia, A State of the Art Report, Fourth International Symposium on Landslides, Toronto. Buttle, J. M., 1994 , Isotope Hydrograph Separations and Rapid Delivery of PreEvent Water from Drainage Basins, Progress in Physical Geography, 18(1): 16 – 41. Cahyadi, A.A., 2006, Pengkajian Sistem Prakiraan dan Peringatan Dini Terjadinya Banjir Lahar di daerah Gunung Merapi, Master Thesis, MPBA, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Cai, F., Ugai, K., Wakai, A. And Li, Q., 1998,Effect of Horizontal Drains on Slope Stability under Rainfall by Tree Dimensional Finite Elements Analysis, Journal of Computer and Geotechnics, Vol. 23, pp. 255 – 275. Carrier, D., 2003, Goodbye Hazen, Hello Kozeny-Carman, Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, Vol. 129, No. 11, pp 1054 – 1056. Carson, M. A. & Kirkby, M. J., 1972., Hillslope Form and Process, Cambridge Geographical Studies No. 3. viii+475 pp., Cambridge University Press. Chelli,A., Mandrone G. and G. Truffelli, 2006, Field Investigations and Monitoring as Tools for Modelling the Rossena Castle Landslide (Northern Appennines, Italy), Original Article. Chen, H., and Lee, C.F., 2000, Numerical Simulation of Debris flow, Canada Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 37, pp 146 – 160. Cheng, C., 1986, Bingham Plastic or Bagnold’s Dilatant Fluid as a Rheological Model of Debris flow ?, Proceeding 3rd International Symposium on River Sedimentation, pp 1624 – 1636. 167
Cho, S.E. and Lee, S.R., 2001, Instabilityof Unsaturated Soil Slope Due to Infiltration, Journal of Computer and Geotechnics, Vol. 28, pp 185 – 208. Chow, V.T., Maidmen D.R. and L.W. Mays, 1988, Applied Hydrology, Civil Engineering Series, Mc Graw Hill International Edition, Singapore. CIMDE CAS, 1989, Research and Prevention of Debris flow, Sinchuan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, pp 1 – 34. Cruden, D.M., 1991, A Simple Definition of a Landslide, Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology, No. 43, pp. 27-29. Das, B.M., Endah,N., and Indrasurya B.M., 1994, Mekanika Tanah, Prinsip Prinsip Rekayasa Geoteknik, Erlangga, Jakarta. Day,R.W. ,2002, Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Handbook, Mc Graw Hill, New York. Departemen Pekerjaan Umum,1989,Debris Flow, Proyek Pusat Pelatihan Penanggulangan Gunung Berapi, Direktorat Jenderal Pengairan, Yogyakarta. Departemen Pekerjaan Umum,1989, Landslide & Slope Failure,Volcanic Sabo Technical Centre, Yogyakarta. Department Pekerjaan Umum, 2001, Main Report Review Master Plan Study, Mt Merapi Vulcanic Disaster Countermeasures Project, VSTC, Yogyakarta. Department Pekerjaan Umum, 2007, Pembuatan Peta Daerah Rawan Bencana Aliran Lahar Kali Gendol Merapi, Kelompok Kerja Penanganan Sabo, Satker Pembinaan Pelaksanaan Teknis Sungai Danau dan Rawa, Direktorat Sungai Danau dan Waduk, Dirjen SDA, Jakarta. Department of Public Works, 2007, Geotechnical Investigation of Sabo Soil Cement, Final Report, Indonesia. Department of Public Works, 1984, Torrent Hydraulics, Vulcanic Sabo Technical Centre, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Department of Public Works, 1984, Guidelines on Land Use, Research & Developtment Center of Water Use , Indonesia. Dikau, R., editor, 1996, Landslide Recognition, John Willey & Sons, New York. Dunne, T. and Leopold, L.B., 1978, Water in Environmental Planning, W.H. Freeman and Co, San Fransico. Egashira, S., and Ashida, K., 1987, Sediment Transport in Steep Slope Flumes, Proceeding of Republic of China–Japan Joint Seminar on Water Resources Engineering, Taipei, pp 269 – 286. Endah, F. D., 2012, Kajian Penyebaran Daerah Resiko Bencana Banjir Lahar Pasca Erupsi Gunung Merapi 2010 di Kali Gendol- Opak Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Master Thesis, UPN Yogyakarta. Fannin, J. and Bowman, E.T., 2008, Debris Flow-Entraintment, Deposition and Travel Distance, Geotechnical News, pp 25(4): 3-6. Fathani, T.F., 2007, Longsor dan Gerakan Tanah, MPBA, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Program Studi Teknik Sipil, UGM, Yogyakarta. Fischer, V.R., and Mattinson,J.M., 1968, Wheeler Gorge Turbidity –Conlomerate Series: Inverse Grading, Journal of Sedimentary Research, Vol. 38 no. 4, pp 1013 – 1023. Fitriadi, A.M., 2012, Analisis Effectif Rainfall Intensity dan Working Rainfall untuk Dasar Pengembangan Kriteria Peringatan Kejadian Aliran Lahar (Studi Kasus Kali Gendol, Gunung Merapi), Thesis Magister, Pengelolaan 168
Bencana Alam, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Fredlund, D.G. dan Xing, A., 1994, Equation for Water Characteristic Curve, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 31(3), pp 521 – 532. Fujita, M., Egashira, S., Nakagawa, H., Takahama, J., and Sasahara, K., 2000, Debris and Flood Control System, Hand-out Master of Management Natural Disaster Program, Post-Graduate Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Fujita, M., 2010, Predictionof Multiple Slope Failures due to Super Heavy Rainfall, Hand-out of Guest Lecture, Taiwan-Japan-Indonesia Cooperation, Gadjah Mada University. Fujita, M., Takebayashi H., Miyata S., Gonda Y., 2011. A study on the precessof collapseof sabo structures due to floods after Mt Merapi Eruption in 2010, the 9th International Symposium on Mitigation of Geo-disaster in Asia, Yogyakarta, pp. 137 – 143. Gasmo, J.M., Rahardjo, H., and Leong, E.C., 2000, Infiltration Effect on Stability of a Residual Soil Slope, Journal Computer and Geotechnics, Vol. 26, pp 145 – 165 Genuchten, M.Th. van, 1980,A Closed Form Equation for Predicting The Hydraulics Conductivity of Unsaturated Soil, Soil Science Society American Proceeding, pp 44(5) : 615 – 628. Ghozalba, F.,2010, Analisis Regionalisasi Curah Hujan Berdasarkan Kurva Intensitas-Durasi-Frekuensi di Lereng Merapi, Master Thesis, MPBA, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Gori, P.L. and Burton W.C., 2003, Reducing Landslide Hazard in the United State: Lahar Flow Hazard in Blue Ridge of Virginia. http://landslides.usgs.gov/html_files/nlic/blueridge.htm. Gostelow, P., 1991, Rainfall and Landslides, Prevention and Control of Landslides and Other Mass Movements, Almeida Teixeira, M., editor, CEC, Bruxels, pp139–161. Graf, W.H., 1998, Fluvial Hydraulics, Flow and Transport Processes in Channels of Simple Geometry, John Wiley & Sons. Green, R.E. and Corey, J.C., 1971,Calculation of Hydraulics Conductivity, A Further Evaluation of Some Predictive Methods, Soil Science Society American Proceeding., 35 : 3 – 8. Hadiwijoyo, P., 1975, Peta Geology Indonesia, Geological Survey of Indonesia, Ministry of Mines, Bandung, Indonesia. Hampton, M.A., 1975, Competence of Fine-grained Debris flows, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 45 no. 4, pp 834 – 844 Hardiyatmo, H.C., 2002, Mekanika Tanah, Gadjah Mada University Press. Hazen, A., 1892, Some Phisical Properties of Sands and Gravels, Mass. State Board of Health, Annual Report, pp 539 –556. Heath, W., and Saroso, B.S, 1988, Natural Slope Problem to Road in Java, Indonesia, Proc. In Second International Conference on Geomechanics in Tropical Soil, Singapore, pp 1: 259 – 266. Henderson, F.M., 1966, Open Channel Flow, MacMilan, New York. Hirano, M., Moriyama, T., Hikida, M., dan Imamoto, M., 1985, A Modeling of Debris Flow in The Active Vulcanic Area, International Symposium on 169
Erosion, Debris flow and Disaster Prevention, Tsukuba Japan, pp 265 – 270. Hirano, M., Moriyama, T.and Hikida, M., 1988, Modeling of Deposition of Vulcanic Ash and Run-off Debris Flow in Sakurajima Volcano, Journal of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp 15 – 24. Hoffmans, G.J.C.M., Verheij, H.J., 1997, Scour Manual, AA balkema, Rotterdam, Brookfield. Hungr, O., 1995, A Model for The Run-out Analysis of Rapid Flow slides, Lahar Flows and Avalanches, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol 32, pp. 610623. Hungr, O., 2000, Analysis of Lahar Flow Surges Using the Theory of Uniformity Progressive Flow, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, pp 25: 1-13 Hungr, O., Flow , -- , ‘Flow slides and Flow in Granular Soils’, Original Article, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada. Ishikawa, Y. and T. Yamada, 2001, Monitoring and Acquisition System, JICA. Iswardoyo, J., Kajian Pengelolaan Sedimen Sungai Gendol Pasca Erupsi Merapi 2010, Master Thesis, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Iverson, R.M., 2000, Landslide Triggering by Rain Infiltration, Water Resources Research, Vol. 36, no. 7, pp 1897 – 1910. JICA, 1981, Lahar Flow and Disaster, Tsukuba International Centre, JICA. Karnawati, D., Ibriam, I., Anderson, M.G., Holcombe, E.A., Mummery, G.T., Renaud, J-P, and wang, Y., 2005, An Initial Approach to Identifying Slope Stability Controls in Southern Java and to Providing Community-based Landslide Warning Information, Landslide Hazards and Risk, T. Glade, M.G. Anderson and Michael J. Cozier, editor, John Wiley and Sons, pp 733-763. Karnawati, D., 2005, Bencana Alam Gerakan Massa Tanah di Indonesia dan Upaya Penanggulangannya, Jurusan Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, ISBN 979-95811-3-3. Karnawati, D., 2007, Analisis Kondisi Geologi Penyebab Gerakan Massa Tanah di Desa Ledoksari Kecamatan Tawangwangu, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah, Media Teknik No 4 Tahun XXIX, 2007., ISSN 0216-3012. Krahn, 2004, Stability Modeling with SLOPE/W, An Engineering Methodology, GEO-SLOPE/W International Ltd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Kusumobroto, H., 2006, Aliran Debris, Magister Pengelolaan Bencana Alam, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Kuriakose, S.L., 2006, Effect of Vegetation on Lahar Flow Initiation, Centre for Earth Science Studies, The Netherlands. Legono, D., 1987, Bed Load Measurement of The Vulcanos Rivers, Research Report, Engineering Research Centre, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Legono, D., dan Wignyosukarto, B., 2011, Dampak Aliran Lahar pada Fenomena Gerusan di Sekitar Bnagunan Sungai di Wilayah Gunung Merapi, Simposium Gunung Merapi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, pp 157 – 160. 170
Legowo, D., 2006, Sejarah Sabo di Indonesia, Direktorat Jenderal Sumber Daya Air, Jakarta. Leong, E.C., and Raharjo, 1997, Permeability Function for Unsaturated Soils, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol 33, pp33-39. Lowe, D.R., 1976, Grain Flow and Grain Flow Deposits, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 46, No 1, pp. 188 – 199. Mananoma, T., Legono D, 2007, Sediment Migration Triggered by Rainfall (Case study of Gendol River-Mt Merapi), Proceeding Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan HATHI XXIV, Makasar. Mananoma, T., and W. Wardoyo, 2009, The Influence of Rainfall Characteristic to The Change of Sediment Migration Pattern After Merapi Eruption, International Conference on Climate Change Impact on Water Resources and Coastal Management in Developing Country, Manado, Indonesia. Mberu, Z.A., 2007, Kajian Distribusi Hujan Jam-jaman di Lereng Merapi, Tugas Akhir, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Melelli L. and Taramelli A., 2004, An Example of Lahar Flow Hazard Modelling using GIS, Journal of Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 4 (3) pp 347 – 358. Middleton, G.V., 1970, Experimental Studies Related to Problems of Flysch Sedimentation, Geologists Association, Canada Special Paper 7, pp 253 – 272. Middleton, G.V. and M.A. Hampton, 1976, Subaqueous Sediment Transport and Deposition by Sediment Gravity Flows, Marine Sediment Transport and Environmental Management, D.J. Stanley and D.J.P. Kadar, editors, John Wiley & Sons. New York, pp 197 – 218. Mitchell, J.K., 1976, Fundamental of Soil Behavior, John Willey and Sons Inc, New York. Mizuyama, T.,1981: An Intermediate Phenomenon Between Lahar Flow and Bed Load Transport, Erosion and Sediment Transport in Pacific Rim Steep Land, IAHS Publication Nr 132, pp 212 – 221. MLIT, Landslides in Japan,The Japan Landslide Society, National Conference of Landslide Control. MLIT, 2004, Development of Warning and Evacuation System Against Sediment Disasters in Developing Countries, Guidelines for Construction Technology Transfer, Infrastructure Development Institut, Jepang. Muklisin, M., 2005, Analysis of Slope Failure Initiation and Lahar Flow Run-out, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. Naldini, D., 2004, Lahar Flow Modelling with PC-Raster, The Event of 19th June 1996 in the Apuan Alps, Cardoso Basin, Master Thesis, ITC, Enschede. Nishimoto, H., Lahar Mud Flow Warning System, Foundation of River & Basin, Integrated Communications, Japan. Okura, Y., Kitahara, H., Ochiai, H., Samsory, T., Kawanami, A., 2002, Landslide Fluidization Process by Flume Experiment, Engineering Geology, No. 66, pp. 65 – 78 Onda, Y., Mizuyama, T. dan Kato.Y, 2003, Judging the Timing of Peak Rainfall and the Initiation of Debris flow by Monitoring Run-off, Proceeding of the 171
3rd International Conference on Debris flow Hazards Mitigation, Davos, Switzerland, pp 147-153. Pasuto, A. dan Silvano, S., 1998, Rainfall as Trigger of Shallow Mass Movement, A case study in Dolomites, Italy, Environmental Geology, Vol. 35(2-3), pp 184 – 189. Pierson, T.C., 1989, Hazardous Hydrologic Consequences of Vulcanic Eruptionsand Goals of Mitigative Action: An overview, Water Resources Division, US Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano observatory, Vancouver, WA 98661, USA. Pradipta, A.G., 2011, Analisis Karakteristik Temporal dan Spasial Hujan untuk Mendukung Kriteria Peringatan Dini Bencana di Wilayah Lereng Merapi, Tugas Akhir, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Prayudha, D.D., 2012, Analisis Karakteristik Spasial dan Temporal Hujan Ekstrim diWilayah Lereng Gunung Merapi, Thesis Magister, Pengelolaan Bencana Alam, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Prochaska, A.B., Santi, P.M., Higgins, J.D., Cannon, S.H., 2008, Debris flow Run-out Predictions Based on The Average Channel Slope, Engineering Geology, No. 98, pp 29 – 40. Putra, A.P.W., 2005, Kajian Beberapa Rumus Intensitas Curah Hujan (Studi DAS Bedogdan DAS Code), Tugas Akhir, Jurusan Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Qian, Y., Wenhai, Y., Wenlui, Z., Xiuwen, C., Longrong, Z., Wengui, X., 1980, Basic Characteristic of Flow with Hyperconcentrated of Sediment, Proceeding International Symposium River Sedimentation, Beijing, China, Guanghua Press, Beijing, pp 175 – 184. Rahardjo, H., Li, X.W., Toll, D.G.,and Leong, E.C., 2001, The Effect of Antecedent Rainfall on Slope Stability, Journal Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, No 19, pp 371 – 399. Rickenmann, D., 1999, Empirical Relationships for Debris Flows, Journal of Natural Hazards, Vol. 19, pp 47 – 77. Reichenbach, P., Cardinali, M., De Vita, P., dan Guzzeti, F., 1998, Regional Hydrological Thresholds for Landslides and Floods in The Tiber River Basin (Central Italy), Environmental Geology, 35 (2-3), pp 146 – 159. Reid, M.E., 1997, Slope Instability Caused by Small Variations in Hydraulic Conductivity, Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 8, pp 717 – 725. Rodine, J.D., and Johson, A.M., 1976, The Ability of Debris, Heavily Freighted with Coasre Elastic Material to Flow on Gentle Slope, Journal of Sedimentology, vol.23, pp 213 – 234. Salarashayeri, A.F., Siosemarde, M., 2012, Prediction of Soil Hydraulic Conductivity from Particle-Size Distribution, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, No. 61. Sanders, J.E. , 1965, Primary Sedimentary Structures Formed by Turbidity Currents and Related Resedimentation Mechanism, Special Publication 12, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, pp 192 – 215.
172
Santoso, D., 1999, Volkanofisik, Jurusan Teknik Geofisika, Institut Teknologi Bandung, PT Astra Graphia, Bandung. Sassa, K., 2005, Landslide Disasters Triggered by 2004 Mid-Niigata Prefecture Earthquake in Japan, Landslides (2005) 2: 135-142. Schmincke, H.U., 1967, Graded Lahars in The Type Sections of Ellensburg Formation, South Central Washington, Journal of Sediment Petrology, Vol. 37, pp 438 – 448. Shibata, M., and Mei, C.C., 1986, Paralel Flows of Water-granule Mixture under Gravity, Continuum Modeling, Acta Mechanica, Vol. 63, pp 179 – 193. Shimokawa. E, Takahashi J. and S. Tsuchiya, 1996, Sediment-yield from the 1984 Pyroclastic Flow Deposit Covered Hill Slopes in Merapi Volcano, Indonesia, Journal of Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering, Vol. 48, Special Issue, 101- 107. Shepherd, G.R., 1989, Correlations of Permeability and Grainsize, Journal of Ground Water, Vol. 27 No. 5. Shuin, Y., Shibano ,H, and Haryanto, Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Rainfall on The Southwest Slope of Mt Merapi, Indonesia, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo. Sri Harto, Br., 2000, Hidrologi: Teori, Masalah, Penyelesaian, Nafiri, Yogyakarta. Subandriyo, 2006, Ancaman Lahar Gunung Merapi: Jangan Panik, Bertindak Sesuai Ancaman, Pelatihan Kesiapsiagaan Berbasis Masyarkat, Sleman, PSMB-LPPM UPN ”Veteran” Yogyakarta, Desember 2006. Subandriyo, 2006, Lahar Gunung Merapi: Jangan Panik, Bertindak Sesuai Ancaman, Pelatihan Kesiapsiagaan Berbasis Masyarakat, Sonni Hadi, editor, majalahmahardika.com. Subandriyo, 2011, Sejarah Erupsi Gunung Merapi dan Dampaknya terhadap Kawasan Borobudur, Menyelamatkan Borobudur dari Erupsi Merapi, www.konservasiborobudur.org. Subarkah, 2003, Lahar and Flood Control System, Hand-out MPBA, Department of Civil Engineering and Environment, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Sudiarti, S.U., 2006,Sediment Management of Boyong River, Master Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Takahashi, T., 1978, Mechanical Characteristic of Lahar Flow, Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol.104, No. HY8, pp.1153-1169. Takahashi, T., March 1980, Lahar Flow on Prismatic Open Channel, Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. HY3, pp.361-396. Takahashi, T., and Fujii, Y., 1988, Debris Flow Control Once on The Way, Annual Disaster Prevention Institut, No. 31B-2, pp 633 – 654. Takahashi, T., 1991, Lahar Flow - Monograph, IAHR, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Terlien, M.T.J., van Westen C.J., Asch T.Wv, 1995, Deterministic Modeling in GIS-based Landslide Hazard Assessment in Carrara A, Guzzetti F, editor, Geographical Information Systems in Assessing Natural Hazards, Kluwer, The Netherlands. Terlien, M.T.J., 1998, The Determination of Statistical and Deterministic Hydrological Landslide-triggering Tresholds, Environmental Geology, Vol. 35 (2-3), pp 124 – 130. 173
Tilling, R.L., 1984, Eruption of Mount. St. Helena: Past, Present and Future, Department of Interior, US Geological Survey, Washington DC. Torboton, D.G., 2003, Rainfall-Runoff Processes, Utah State University. Tsaparas, Rahardjo, H., Toll, D.G., and Leong, E.C., 2002, Controlling Parameters for Rainfall Induced Landslide, Journal of Computers and Geotechnics, No. 29, pp 1 – 27. Tsubaki, T., Hashimoto, H., and Suetsugu, T., 1982, Grain Stress and Flow Properties of Debris Flow, Journal of Sediment Control and Erosion, No 317, pp 70 – 91. Vallance, J.W., and Scott K.M., 1997, The Osceola Mudflow From Mount Rainier: Sedimentology and Hazard Implifications of a Huge Clay Rich Lahar flow. Geological Society of America Bulletin,109: 143-163 Varnes, D.J., 1978, Slope Movement Type and Processes, RL Schuster and R.J. Krizek, editor, Landslides: Analysis and Control, National Academy of Sciences, Washington. Varnes, D.J., 1984, Landslide Hazard Zonation: Review of Principle and Practice. Review Report UNESCO. Van Westen, C.J., van Asch T.W.J., Soeters R, 2005, Landslides Hazard and Risk Zonation, Why is still difficult? Bulletin of Engineering Geology Enviromental, pp 65: 176-184. Van Westen, C.J. and Terlien M.T.J., 1996, An Approach Toward Deterministic Landslides Hazard Analysis in GIS, A Case Study from Manizales (Colombia), Earth Surface Processes Land, pp 21: 853-868. Wang G., dan Sassa, K., 2002, Pore-pressure Generation and Movement of Rainfall-Induced Landslide: Effect of Grainsize and Fine Particle Content, Journal of Engineering Geology, No. 69, pp 109 – 125 Wardoyo, W., 2008, Kajian Distribusi Hujan Jam-jaman Stasiun Argomulyo, Paper, Program Doktoral, Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Wardoyo, W., and R. Jayadi, 2009a, Analysis of Extreme Hydrology Parameters on Mt Merapi Area to Justify The Effect of Climate Change, Proceeding of International Conference on Climate Change Impact on Water Resources and CoastalManagement in Developing Country, Manado, Indonesia. Wardoyo, W., 2009b, Pergeseran Hujan Rencana Berdasar pada Evaluasi Data Hujan Rentang Sepuluh Tahunan, Proceeding Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Teknologi Prasarana Wilayah, D3 Teknik Sipil- ITS Surabaya, Indonesia. Wardoyo, W., Fathani, T.F and Legono D., 2009c, Sensitivity of Sediment Characteristic Parameters to The Lahar Flow Initiation on Torrential System, Journal of Civil Engineering, Gadjah Mada University. Wardoyo, W., Legono D., Fathani T.F., Jayadi R., 2010, Pyroclastic Deposit Characteristics of Volcanic Rivers and Its Affect to The Transport Mechanism (A case study: Gendol River, Mt Merapi, Indonesia), Proceeding of IAHR-APD International Seminar, Auckland, New Zealand. Wardoyo, W., Legono D., Fathani T.F., Jayadi R., 2011a, Rancangan Instrumen Pantau Awal Gerakan Aliran Debris di DAS Gendol-Petit Opak Pasca Erupsi Merapi 2010, Symposium Gunung Merapi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. 174
Wardoyo, W., Legono D., Fathani T.F., Jayadi R., 2011b, Dynamics of Debris Flow Features at Gendol River Before and After 2010 Mt. Merapi Eruption,, 2011, Proceeding of International Seminar on Water Related Risk Management, HATHI, Jakarta. Wardoyo, W., Legono D., R. Jayadi., Prabowo, I.E, Fathani T.F., 2012, RainfallDebris Flow Characteristic of Gendol River, Mt Merapi, The 3rd International Workshop on Multimodal Sediment Disasters, Kyoto University, Japan. Whipkey, R.Z., and Kirkby. N.J, 1978, Flow Within Soil, Hillslope Hydrology, Kirkby, editor, New York, John Wiley and Sons, Chapter 4, pp 121 – 145. Yen, B.C., and Chow, V.T, 1968, A Study of Surface Runoff due to Moving Rainstorm, Hydraulics Engineering Series, 17, Department of Civil Engineering, University Illinois, Urbana, USA. Yang, C.T.,1996, Sediment Transport Theory and Practice, Mc Graw Hill Co, Inc, Singapore. Zaini, M.F., 2005, Effectiveness of Sabo Dam BO-07 in Boyong River, Master Thesis, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
175