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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ………………………………………...……………..
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING …………………..
ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PENGUJI …………..……………..
iii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN …………………..…………….
iv
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ……………………………..……………
v
HALAMAN MOTTO ……………………………………….……………..
vi
KATA PENGANTAR ……………………………………….…………….
vii
SARI ………………………………………………………….………………
x
TAKARIR .......................................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR ISI
………………………………………………..…………….
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL …………………………………………..……………..
xx
DAFTAR GAMBAR ……………………………………….……………..
xxi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN…………………………………….……………........ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang…………………………………………………………........ 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah………………………………………………………...... 2 1.3 Batasan Masalah………………………………………..………………....... 3 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian………………………………………..……………......... 3 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian……………………………………………………......... 3 1.6 Metodologi Penelitian…………………………………...……………........
3
a. Persiapan Instalasi .......................…….…………....…...………….... 3 b. Instalasi dan Konfigurasi PC router dan server ....…………..……....... 3 c. Pengujian .............................................................................................. 5 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan………………………………….………………....... 5
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI…………………………….………………........ 6 2.1 Local Area Network..………………………………….………………........ 6 2.2 Arsitektur Jaringan ...………………..…………………………………....... 6 2.3 Model TCP IP ............ ...................……………..…………..……………..
7
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a. Application Layer .......……………………..….....….….……………
8
b. Transport Layer ...................................................................................
8
c. Internet Layer .....................................................................................
8
d. Network Interface ................................................................................
9
2.4 Network Address Translation ….....……...…………………………….…. 9 2.5 Routing Protocol ........................................................................................ 10 a. RIP ...................................................................................................... 10 b. IGRP ................................................................................................... 11 c. EIGRP ................................................................................................. 11 d. OSPF ................................................................................................... 11 e. BGP ..................................................................................................... 12 2.6 Cabling ....................................................................................................... 12 a. T68A ................................................................................................... 12 b. T68B .................................................................................................... 12 2.7 Router .......................................................................................................... 14 a. Dedicated router .................................................................................... 14 b. PC router ............................................................................................... 14 2.8 Windows Server 2003 .................................................................................. 14 2.9 OpenBSD .................................................................................................... 15 2.10 Zebra .......................................................................................................... 15 2.11 MikroTik RouterOS ................................................................................... 15 2.12 Insiden Keamanan Jarinagan ..................................................................... 16 a. Probe ................................................................................................... 16 b. Scan ..................................................................................................... 16 c. Account Compromise .......................................................................... 16 d. Root Compromise ................................................................................ 16 e. Packet Sniffer ...................................................................................... 16 f. Denial Of Service ................................................................................ 17 g. Exploitasi Pada Kepercayaan .............................................................. 18 h. Malicious Code ................................................................................... 18 2.13 QOS ........................................................................................................... 18
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a. Packet Loss ........................................................................................... 18 b. Throughput ........................................................................................... 19 c. Delay .................................................................................................... 19 d. Jitter ...................................................................................................... 20 e. Status Koneksi ...................................................................................... 20 2.14 DNS ............................................................................................................ 20 2.15 DHCP ........................................................................................................ 21 2.16 Web Server ................................................................................................ 21 a. Apache ................................................................................................ 21 b. IIS ........................................................................................................ 22
BAB III METODOLOGI ...…....…………………………….……………… 23 3.1 Metode Analisis ......................……………………………..…………….. 23 a. Perangkat Lunak Yang Dibutuhkan .................................................... 23 a. Windows Server 2003 ................................................................... 23 b. OpenBSD 3.6 ................................................................................ 23 c. MikroTik RouterOS 2.927 ............................................................ 24 d. Sistem Operasi Penguji ................................................................. 24 e. Zebra 0.95a .................................................................................... 25 f. Apache HTTPD ............................................................................. 25 g. DNS Server Windows Server 2003 ............................................... 25 h. Putty .............................................................................................. 25 i. Winbox .......................................................................................... 26 j. IIS .................................................................................................. 26 k. Hping ............................................................................................ 26 l. Nmap ............................................................................................ 26 m. X – Scan ........................................................................................ 27 n. Wireshark 1.02 .............................................................................. 27 b. Perangkat Keras Yang Dibutuhkan ..................................................... 28 a. PC Server ....................................................................................... 28 b. PC Router ...................................................................................... 28
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c. Komputer Klien ............................................................................. 28 d. Kabel UTP Cat 5 ........................................................................... 28 e. LAN Card ...................................................................................... 29 f. Switch ............................................................................................ 29 g. Modem .......................................................................................... 29 c. Scanning Kemananan Yang Akan Dilakukan ……………………..... 30 a. Port Scanning ................................................................................. 30 b. Inverse Mapping ............................................................................. 30 c. IOS Exploit ..................................................................................... 30 d. Idle Scan ......................................................................................... 30 e. TCP Connect Scan ......................................................................... 30 f. TCP Xmas Tree Scan ..................................................................... 31 g. TCP Null Scan ................................................................................ 31 h. TCP ACK Scan .............................................................................. 31 i. UDP Scan ...................................................................................... 31 j. OS Fingerprinting .......................................................................... 31 k. TCP SYN Scan ............................................................................... 32 l. TCP FIN Scan ............................................................................... 32 m. TCP RPC Scan .............................................................................. 32 n. Scan Vulnerability ......................................................................... 32 o. Network Protocol Analizer ............................................................ 32 3.2 Gambaran Umum Sistem ............................................................................. 32 3.3 Langkah Instalasi ...........………………………………………………..... 33 a. Instalasi PC Server Windows Server 2003 ......................................... 33 b. Instalasi PC Router Zebra ................................................................... 33 c. Instalasi PC Router MikroTIk RouterOS ............................................ 33 d. Instalasi Komputer Klien Windows XP .............................................. 34 e. Instalasi Komputer Klien Ubuntu 9.04 ............................................... 34 f. Instalasi Komputer Klien Fedora 5 ...................................................... 34 3.4 Pengujian PC Router ................................................................................... 34 a. Pengujian Keamanan PC Router Zebra dan MikroTik RouterOS ....... 34
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a. Port Scanning ................................................................................ 35 b. Inverse Mapping ............................................................................ 35 c. IOS Exploit .................................................................................... 35 d. Idle Scanning ................................................................................. 35 e. TCP Connect Scanning .................................................................. 36 f. TCP Xmas Tree Scan ..................................................................... 36 g. TCP Null Scan ................................................................................ 36 h. TCP ACK Scan .............................................................................. 36 i. TCP Windows Scan ....................................................................... 36 j. TCP FIN Scan ................................................................................ 36 k. UDP Scan ...................................................................................... 36 l. OS Fingerprinting .......................................................................... 37 m. TCP Syn Scanning ......................................................................... 37 n. TCP RPC Scan ............................................................................... 37 o. Scanner Vulnerbility ...................................................................... 37 p. Network Protocol Analizer ............................................................ 37 b. Pengujian Kinerja PC Router Zebra dan MikroTIk RouterOS ............ 37 a. Paket Losses ................................................................................... 38 b. Throughput .................................................................................... 38 c. Delay .............................................................................................. 38 d. Jitter ............................................................................................... 38 e. Status Koneksi ................................................................................ 38 3.5 Arsitektur Jaringan ....................................................................................... 39 a. Arsitektur Jaringan PC Router Zebra ................................................... 39 b. Arsitektur Jaringan PC Router MikroTik RouterOS ............................ 40
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN…………………………………........ 41 4.1 Proses Instalasi dan Konfigurasi………………………………….……...... 41 a. Instalisasi Windows Server 2003 ........................................................ 41 b. Instalasi OpenBSD 3.6 ........................................................................ 47 c. Instalasi MikroTik RouterOS 2.927 ................................................... 56
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d. Konfigurasi Windwos Server 2003 Pada PC Server ........................... 58 a. Konfigurasi DNS Server ................................................................. 58 b. Zona DNS Baru .............................................................................. 59 c. Zona DNS Reverse Lookup Zone ................................................... 59 d. IP address dan ICS .......................................................................... 59 e. Konfigurasi PC Router Zebra ............................................................. 59 a. Konfigurasi IP address OpenBSD 3.6 .......................................... 59 b. Konfigurasi Zebra dan OSPF ....................................................... 60 c. Konfigurasi Gateway .................................................................... 61 d. Konfigurasi DNS .......................................................................... 61 e. Instalasi dan Konfigurasi Apache .................................................. 62 f. Konfigurasi DHCP ......................................................................... 63 f. Konfigurasi PC Router MikroTik RouterOS ....................................... 64 a. Mengaktifkan Interface LAN Card ................................................ 64 b. Merubah Nama Interface LAN Card ............................................. 64 c. Konfigurasi IP Address .................................................................. 64 d. Konfigurasi IP DNS Primary dan Secondary ............................... 64 e. Konfigurasi Gateway ..................................................................... 65 f. Konfigurasi NAT ........................................................................... 65 g. Konfigurasi IP Address Pool .......................................................... 65 h. Konfigurasi DHCP Server .............................................................. 65
4.2 Hasil Pengujian ..……………………………….…...................................... 65 a. Pengujian Keamanan PC Router Zebra dan MikroTik Router OS ....... 66 a. Port Scanning ................................................................................. 66 b. Inverse Mapping ............................................................................. 67 c. IOS Explot ...................................................................................... 69 d. Idle Scanning ................................................................................. 70 e. TCP Connect Scanning .................................................................. 71 f. TCP Xmas Tree Scan ...................................................................... 73 g. TCP Null Scan ................................................................................. 74
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h. TCP ACK Scan ................................................................................ 75 i. UDP Scan ........................................................................................ 76 j. OS Fingerprinting ........................................................................... 77 k. TCP SYN Scanning ......................................................................... 79 l. TCP FIN Scanning .......................................................................... 80 m. TCP RPC Scan ................................................................................ 81 n. Scanning Vulnerbility ...................................................................... 82 o. Network Protocol Analyzer ............................................................. 83 b. Pengujian Kinerja PC Router Zebra dan MikroTik Router OS ........... 85 a. Pengujian Paket Losses .................................................................. 85 b. Pengujian Delay ............................................................................. 86 c. Pengujian Througput ...................................................................... 87 d. Pengujian Jitter ............................................................................... 88 e. Pengujian Status Koneksi ................................................................ 89 BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN………………………………………. 91 5.1 Kesimpulan…………………………………………………………….…. 91 5.2 Saran …………………………………………………………………….
91
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ………………………………………………………
92
xx
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Daftar Partisi.....……......……………..………….….…...….. 51 Tabel 4.2 Tabel Pengujian Keamanan ...………………………….….……….. 84 Tabel 4.3 Tabel Pengujian Paket Losses………………………….….……….. 85 Tabel 4.4 Tabel Pengujian Delay Zebra………………………….….….…….. 86 Tabel 4.5 Tabel Pengujian Delay MikroTik RouterOS………….….…..…….. 86 Tabel 4.6 Tabel Pengujian Throughtput Zebra…..……………….….……..... 87 Tabel 4.7 Tabel Pengujian Throughtput MikroTik RouterOS…….….………. 87 Tabel 4.8 Tabel Pengujian Jitter Zebra.…………………………..…..………. 88 Tabel 4.9 Tabel Pengujian Jitter MikroTik RouterOS………….…....….……. 88 Tabel 4.10 Tabel Pengujian Status Koneksi Zebra..………………..….……..... 89 Tabel 4.11 Tabel Pengujian Status Koneksi MikroTik RouterOS.…….....……. 89 Tabel 4.12 Tabel Pengujian Kinerja..........................……………….…….…..... 89
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Layer TCP / IP………….....................................….………...
Gambar 2.2
Connector RJ45………………………………...….……….... 12
Gambar 2.3
Urutan Warna Kabel UTP……………………..….………..... 13
Gambar 2.4
Kategori Packet Loss ............................................................... 19
Gambar 2.5
Rekomendasi ITU untuk delay ............................................... 19
Gambar 2.6
Kategori Jitter .......................................................................... 20
Gambar 3.1
Switch D-Link 8 port............................................................… 29
Gambar 3.2
Modem Nokia 6255..…………………................................... 29
Gambar 3.3
Arsitektur Jaringan PC router Zebra……..……….................. 39
Gambar 3.4
Arsitektur Jaringan PC router MikroTik RouterOS……….… 40
Gambar 4.1
Mode Instalasi Windows Server 2003………………...……. 41
Gambar 4.2
Perjanjian Lisensi……………………………...……………
Gambar 4.3
Pemilihan Partisi……….……….…….................................... 42
Gambar 4.4
Format partisi…..……….….................................................... 43
Gambar 4.5
Pemilihan regional dan bahasa…........................…….……... 43
Gambar 4.6
Pemilihan nama dan organisasi…….......................……….... 44
Gambar 4.7
Pengisian serial number…..……...........................................
Gambar 4.8
Lisensi per server………….................................................... 45
Gambar 4.9
Pengisian nama komputer dan kata sandi…………............... 45
Gambar 4.10
konfigurasi jaringan………………………..……................... 46
Gambar 4.11
Penamaan grup komputer…….................……………..…….. 46
Gambar 4.12
Finalisasi penginstalan.…………………......……………….. 47
Gambar 4.13
Proses pendetksian prangkat keras.…………......…………... 47
Gambar 4.14
Pemilihan instalasi…….……….…….………........................ 48
Gambar 4.15
Pemilihan penggunaan terminal.......………….…….……….. 48
Gambar 4.16
Pemilihan penggunaan tipe keyboard……..….…….……….. 49
Gambar 4.17
Pendeteksian harddisk…….........................….…….……….. 49
Gambar 4.18
Partisi yang terdetksi oleh OpenBSD……….……….……….. 50
Gambar 4.19
Penyisaan partisi c……….….………….…....................…….. 50
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8
42
44
xxii
Gambar 4.20
Daftar partisi yang harus dibuat…….…………....….……….. 52
Gambar 4.21
Konfirmasi pembuatan partisi….………….………................. 52
Gambar 4.22
Pengisian hostname dan network….…........……..…….…….. 52
Gambar 4.23
Penyetingan Ip address dan DNS……..…....…….….……….. 53
Gambar 4.24
Pengisian IP DNS dan gateway….…………...............….…... 53
Gambar 4.25
Pengisian kata sandi dan sumber source……..….…....…..….. 54
Gambar 4.26
Pemilihan paket-paket instalasi ………..……..….................... 54
Gambar 4.27
Konfirmasi pemilihan paket dan instalasi ………………….... 55
Gambar 4.28
Pengaktifan SSH dan pengnon aktifan X Windows………..... 55
Gambar 4.29
Proses Selesainya penginstalan........................……….…........ 56
Gambar 4.30
Instalasi MikroTik RouterOS ...............………………......... 56
Gambar 4.31
Daftar paket-paket MikroTik RouterOS ………………......... 57
Gambar 4.32
Proses penginstalan paket-paket MikroTiki RouterOS ……... 57
Gambar 4.33
Login petamakali MikroTik RouterOS ………………….….. 58
Gambar 4.34
Port Scanning pada PC router Zebra….….……….….............. 66
Gambar 4.35
Port Scanning pada PC router MikroTik RouterOS ………..... 66
Gambar 4.36
Inverse Mapping pada PC router Zebra…....................................68
Gambar 4.37
Inverse Mapping pada PC router MikroTik RouterOS …........ 68
Gambar 4.38
IOS Exploit pada PC router Zebra….......................................... 69
Gambar 4.39
IOS Exploit pada PC router MikroTik RouterOS …................ 69
Gambar 4.40
Idle Scanning pada PC router Zebra ........................................ 70
Gambar 4.41
Idle Scanning pada PC router MikroTik RouterOS ................ 71
Gambar 4.42
TCP Connect Scanning pada Zebra PC router.......................... 72
Gambar 4.43
TCP Connect Scanning pada MikroTik RouterOS ..……......... 72
Gambar 4.44
TCP Xmas Tree Scan terhadap PC Router Zebra .................... 73
Gambar 4.45
TCP Xmas Tree Scan Router MikroTik RouterOS .................. 73
Gambar 4.46
TCP null Scan PC Router Zebra …………….......................... 74
Gambar 4.47
TCP null Scan PC Router MikroTik RouterOS ……..………. 75
Gambar 4.48
TCP ACK Scan terhadap PC Router Zebra............................... 75
Gambar 4.49
TCP ACK Scan terhadap PC Router MikroTik RouterOS....... 76
Gambar 4.50
UDP Scan terhadap PC Router Zebra ………………….......... 76
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Gambar 4.51
UDP Scan terhadap PC Router MikroTIk RouterOS……….... 77
Gambar 4.52
OS fingerprinting pada PC Router Zebra ……….………........ 78
Gambar 4.53
OS fingerprinting pada PC Router MikroTik RouterOS ……. 78
Gambar 4.54
TCP SYN Scanning pada PC Router Zebra …………………. 79
Gambar 4.55
TCP SYN Scanning pada PC Router MikroTik RouterOS ...... 79
Gambar 4.56
TCP FIN Scanning pada PC Router Zebra …….……………. 80
Gambar 4.57
TCP FIN Scanning pada PC Router MikroTik RouterOS....... 80
Gambar 4.58
TCP RPC Scanning pada PC Router Zebra …………………. 81
Gambar 4.59
TCP RPC Scanning pada PC Router MikroTik ……………… 81
Gambar 4.60
Scannning Vulnerbility pada Zebra ...................……………. 82
Gambar 4.61
Scannning Vulnerbility pada MikroTik RouterOS…….…...
82
Gambar 4.62
Network Protocol Analizer pada PC Router Zebra …..…….
83
Gambar 4.63
Network Protocol Analizer pada MikroTik RouterOS............. 83
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