ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memperoleh gambaran iklim organisasi dari Rumah Batik “X” cabang Bandung. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 60 orang karyawan di Rumah Batik “X” cabang Bandung. Alat ukur diadaptasi oleh peneliti berdasarkan Organizational Climate Measure (OCM) dari Patterson et al. (2005) yang berupa kuesioner dengan 79 item dan 4 pilihan jawaban.Validasi kuesioner menggunakan Rank Spearman dan reliabilitas menggunakan Alpha-Cronbach dengan nilai reliabilitas yang tinggi yaitu 0,896. Data hasil penelitian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS 16.0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa Rumah Batik “X” cabang Bandung mempunyai iklim organisasi dengan 15 dimensi yang tinggi, yaitu Integration, Involvement, Supervisory Support, Training, Welfare, Formalization, Flexibility and Innovation, Reflexivity, Outward Focus, Clarity of Organizational Goals, Efficiency, Effort, Performance Feedback, Pressure to Produce, dan Quality. Sedangkan 2 dimensi lainnya yaitu Autonomy dan Tradition rendah. Faktor lama kerja mempunyai keterkaitan dengan dimensi Involvement, dan faktor bagian pekerjaan mempunyai keterkaitan dengan dimensi Involvement, Welfare, Flexibility and Innovation, Clarity of Organizational Goal, dan Performance Feedback. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya, disarankan untuk mengukur pengaruh dan kontribusi dari iklim organisasi terhadap variabel lain seperti kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organsisasi.
iv
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
v
ABSTRACT
This research is to obtain the Organizational Climate representation of House of Batik “X” Bandung. The number of respondents in this study amounted to 60 employees working at House of Batik “X” Bandung. Measuring instrument adapted by the researcher based on Organizational Climate Measure (OCM) developed by Patterson et al. in the form of questionnaire with 79 items and 4 options of response. Validation of a questionnaire using Spearman's Rank and reliability using Cronbach Alpha with a reliability value of 0.896. The data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the Organizational Climate representation of House of Batik “X” Bandung has 15 dimensions with high scores, namely Integration, Involvement, Supervisory Support, Training, Welfare, Formalization, Flexibility and Innovation, Reflexivity, Outward Focus, Clarity of Organizational Goals, Efficiency, Effort, Performance Feedback, Pressure to Produce, and Quality, and 2 dimensions with low scores, namely Autonomy and Tradition. The length of employment factor has a linkage with Involvement dimension, and the section of work factor has a linkage with Involvement, Welfare, Flexibility and Innovation, Clarity of Organizational Goal, and Performance Feedback dimensions. For further research, it is suggested to further investigate the contribution of Organizational Climate to another variable such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN………………………………………………….i KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... ii ABSTRAK......................................................................................................iv DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. vi DAFTAR TABEL.......................................................................................... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN……………………………………………………..xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................1 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ..........................................................................8 1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan Peneltian ...........................................................8 1.3.1 Maksud Penelitian ...................................................................8 1.3.2 Tujuan Penelitian .....................................................................8 1.4 Kegunaan Peneltian ...........................................................................8 1.4.1 Kegunaan Teoritis....................................................................8 1.4.2 Kegunaan Praktis .....................................................................9 1.5 Kerangka Pemikiran ..........................................................................9 1.6 Asumsi .............................................................................................21 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...................................................................22 2.1 Iklim Organisasi ..............................................................................22 2.1.1 Definisi Iklim Organisasi.......................................................22
vi
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
vii
2.1.2 Hubungan dan perbedaan Iklim Organisasi dengan Budaya Organisasi…………………………………………….....24 2.2 Dimensi-dimensi Iklim Organisasi……………………................. 27 2.3 Faktor-faktor yang membentuk Iklim Organisasi…………...........32 2.4 Peran dan Outcomes dari Iklim Organisasi…………………….....37 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .................................................. 41 3.1 Rancangan dan Prosedur Penelitian................................................ 41 3.2 Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional................................. 42 3.3.1 Variabel Penelitian ............................................................... 42 3.3.3 Definisi Operasional ............................................................. 42 3.3 Alat Ukur ....................................................................................... 45 3.3.1 Alat Ukur Iklim Organisasi .................................................. 45 3.3.2 Prosedur Pengisian dan Penilaian ......................................... 49 3.3.3 Data Pribadi .......................................................................... 50 3.3.4 Validitas dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur ..................................... 50 3.3.4.1 Validitas alat ukur .................................................... 50 3.3.4.2 Reliabilitas Alat Ukur .............................................. 51 3.4 Populasi Penelitian ......................................................................... 52 3.4.1 Populasi sasaran.................................................................... 52 3.5 Teknik Analisis Data ...................................................................... 52
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
viii
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN & PEMBAHASAN……………………....54 4.1 Gambaran Umum Responden Penelitian…………………………....54 4.1.1. Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin………….54 4.1.2. Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Usia……………………55 4.1.3. Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Latar Belakang Pendidikan……………………………………………… ...... 55 4.1.4. Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Lama Kerja………….. .. 56 4.1.5. Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Bagian Kerja……… ...... 57 4.2 Gambaran Hasil Penelitian…………………………………… ......... 57 4.3 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian…….................................................. ... 59 BAB V KESIMPULAN & SARAN ............................................................... 69 5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................ 69 5.2 Saran................................................................................................... 70 DAFTAR PUSTAKA………………………………………………………..71 DAFTAR RUJUKAN……………………………………………………... ...73 LAMPIRAN
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tabel Rangkuman Perbedaan Iklim dan Budaya Organisasi… ........ 26 Tabel 3.1 Tabel Kisi-kisi Alat Ukur Iklim Organisasi… .................................. 46 Tabel 3.2 Tabel Skor Penilaian Item Positif dan Negatif…………………….. 49 Tabel 4.1 Tabel Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin…… ......... 54 Tabel 4.2 Tabel Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Usia……………… ........ 55 Tabel 4.3 Tabel Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan…… ............. 55 Tabel 4.4 Tabel Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Lama Kerja………… .... 56 Tabel 4.5 Tabel Gambaran Responden Berdasarkan Bagian Kerja…… .......... 57 Tabel 4.6 Tabel Gambaran Hasil Penelitian …………… ................................ 57
ix
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Bagan Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................... 20 Gambar 2.1 Model outcomes dari Iklim Organisasi oleh Carr et al.................. 38 Gambar 2.2 Model integrasi dari Iklim dan Budaya Organisasi…. .................. 40 Gambar 3.1 Prosedur Penelitian… .................................................................... 42
x
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Profil Rumah Batik “X” Lampiran 2. Kuesioner Iklim Organisasi Lampiran 3. Tabel validitas dan reliabilitas Kuesioner Iklim Organisasi Lampiran 4. Tabel data mentah penelitian Iklim Organisasi Lampiran 5. Tabel data responden Lampiran 6.Tabel hasil tabulasi silang antara dimensi-dimensi iklim organisasi dengan data responden
xi
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
