ABSTRAK Dinding penahan tanah diperlukan untuk menstabilkan kondisi tanah dan menghindarkan dari terjadinya longsoran tanah. Ada beberapa cara untuk menghitung kestabilan dinding penahan tanah, yaitu kestabilan terhadap geser, kestabilan terhadap guling, dan kestabilan terhadap daya dukung ijin tanah. Perhitungan kestabilan dinding penahan tanah ini menggunakan sistem yang terkomputerisasi menjadi lebih akurat, lebih cepat dan tidak memboroskan penggunaan kertas. Tujuan dari laporan ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara perhitungan kestabilan dinding penahan tanah secara terkomputerisasi dan untuk mengetahui faktor keamanan yang memenuhi, maka dibuat aplikasi perhitungan kestabilan dinding penahan tanah. Dari hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan secara terkomputerasi, maka didapatkan kesimpulan yaitu perhitungan yang dibuat secara terkomputerisasi mampu memproses perhitungan dan analisis secara cepat dibandingkan dengan cara perhitungan manual. Kata kunci : dinding penahan tanah, geser, guling, daya dukung tanah, faktor keamanan.
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ABSTRACT Retaining wall is needed to stabilize the soil and prevent the occurrence of landslides. There are several ways to calculate the stability of the retaining wall, the stability against sliding, the stability against overturning, and stability against bearing capacity of the land permits. Perfect stability calculations retaining wall using a computerized system to be more accurate and not waste paper usage. The purpose of this report is to determine how to calculate the stability of the retaining wall is computerized and to determine the safety factor of the meet, then made application retaining wall stability calculations. From the results of calculations performed by computerized, it was concluded that the calculations made by computerized capable of processing and analysis of rapid calculation than manual calculation. Keywords : retaining wall, overturning, sliding, bearing capacity, safety factor
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DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS LAPORAN PENELITIAN ................................ PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN PENELITIAN ...................................... PRAKATA .......................................................................................................... ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .........................................................................................
ii iii iv v vii viii ix xi xii xiii
BAB I 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang .................................................................................. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................. Tujuan ............................................................................................... Ruang Lingkup Kajian........................................................................ Sumber Data ..................................................................................... Sistematika Penulisan .......................................................................
1 2 2 2 2 2
BAB II 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.2.1 2.1.2.2 2.1.2.3 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.5.1 2.1.5.2 2.1.5.3 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.7
KAJIAN TEORI Dinding Penahan Tanah .................................................................... Langkah-Langkah Perencanaan DPT (Dinding Penahan Tanah) ...... Diagram Alir Perencanaan Dinding Penahan Tanah .......................... Tekanan Tanah Lateral...................................................................... Tekanan Tanah Aktif dan Pasif .......................................................... Tekanan Tanah Aktif ......................................................................... Tekanan Tanah Pasif......................................................................... Kohesi Tanah dan Pengaruhnya ....................................................... Koefisien Tekanan Tanah Dalam Keadaan Diam .............................. Stabilitas Dinding Penahan Tanah ..................................................... Kestabilan Terhadap Geser ............................................................... Kestabilan Terhadap Guling .............................................................. Kestabilan Terhadap Daya Dukung Ijin Tanah ................................... Contoh Perhitungan ........................................................................... Cantilever Wall .................................................................................. Gravity Wall ....................................................................................... Unified Modeling Language (UML) .................................................... Use Case Diagram ............................................................................ Activity Diagram................................................................................. Class Diagram ................................................................................... File System........................................................................................ Java................................................................................................... Java 2D .............................................................................................
4 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 19 27 29 31 32 34 37 38
BAB III 3.1 3.1.1 3.2
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM Use Case........................................................................................... 39 Diagram Use Case ............................................................................ 39 Penyimpanan File .............................................................................. 40
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3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
Skenario ............................................................................................ Activity Diagram................................................................................. Class Diagram ................................................................................... Rancangan Desain Antar Muka .........................................................
42 43 53 54
BAB IV 4.1
HASIL PENELITIAN Implementasi ..................................................................................... 67
BAB V 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2
PEMBAHASAN DAN UJI COBA PENELITIAN Pembahasan ..................................................................................... Uji Coba Hasil Penelitian ................................................................... Uji User ............................................................................................. Pembahasan Uji Coba Hasil Penelitian .............................................
BAB VI 6.1 6.2
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN Simpulan ........................................................................................... 87 Saran................................................................................................. 87
81 85 85 86
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 88
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1 Gambar 2 Gambar 3 Gambar 4 Gambar 5 Gambar 6 Gambar 7 Gambar 8 Gambar 9 Gambar 10 Gambar 11 Gambar 12 Gambar 13 Gambar 14 Gambar 15 Gambar 16 Gambar 17 Gambar 18 Gambar 19 Gambar 20 Gambar 21 Gambar 22 Gambar 23 Gambar 24 Gambar 25 Gambar 26 Gambar 27 Gambar 28 Gambar 29 Gambar 30 Gambar 31 Gambar 32 Gambar 33 Gambar 34 Gambar 35 Gambar 36 Gambar 37 Gambar 38 Gambar 39 Gambar 40 Gambar 41 Gambar 42 Gambar 43 Gambar 44 Gambar 45 Gambar 46 Gambar 47 Gambar 48 Gambar 49 Gambar 50
Dinding Penahan Tanah Cantilever............................................... Dinding Penahan Tanah Gravity ................................................... Dinding Penahan Tanah Counterfort ............................................. Dinding Penahan Tanah Buttressed.............................................. Dinding Abutment Jembatan ......................................................... Diagram Alir Perencanaan Dinding Penahan Tanah ..................... Tekanan Tanah Lateral ................................................................. Contoh Soal Dinding Penahan Tanah Cantilever Wall .................. Input Data Dinding dan Tanah Cantilever Wall Pada Program ...... Hasil Perhitungan Cantilever Wall yanfg Dihasilkan Aplikasi ......... Contoh Soal Dinding Penahan Tanah Gravity Wall ....................... Input Data Dinding dan Tanah Gravity Wall Pada Aplikasi ............ Contoh Perhitungan Section Gravity Wall Pada Aplikasi ............... Contoh Perhitungan Section Gravity Wall Pada Aplikasi ............... Input Data Tanah Berlapis Pada Gravity Wall ............................... Hasil Perhitungan Dengan Tanah Berlapis Pada Aplikasi ............. Diagram UML ................................................................................ Simbol Actor ................................................................................. Simbol Use Case .......................................................................... Contoh Use Case Diagram ........................................................... Contoh Activity Diagram................................................................ Contoh Class Diagram .................................................................. Penerjemah dan Pengeksekusian Program Java .......................... Use Case Diagram Retaining Wall Analysis .................................. File Data Input yang Dibuka Dengan Notepad .............................. Activity Diagram New Project ........................................................ Activity Diagram Open File ............................................................ Activity Diagram About .................................................................. Activity Diagram Exit ..................................................................... Activity Diagram Clear Text ........................................................... Activity Diagram Calculate ............................................................ Activity Diagram Layer of Soil ....................................................... Activity Diagram Show Moment .................................................... Activity Diagram Save ................................................................... Activity Diagram Report ................................................................ Activity Diagram Show Wall .......................................................... Class Diagram Retaining Wall Analyze ......................................... Main Menu .................................................................................... New Retaining Wall ....................................................................... Input Frame Cantilever.................................................................. Input Frame Gravity ...................................................................... Open Retaining Wall ..................................................................... Input Data Layer of Soil................................................................. Open FIle ...................................................................................... Exit Confirmation........................................................................... Input Frame Cantilever.................................................................. Error Input ..................................................................................... Result Frame Cantilever ............................................................... Result Frame Gravity .................................................................... Moment per Section ......................................................................
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4 5 5 6 6 8 8 14 15 18 19 20 22 24 25 27 28 29 29 30 32 33 37 39 40 43 44 45 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 55 56 57 58 58 59 60 60 61 62 63
Gambar 51 Gambar 52 Gambar 53 Gambar 54 Gambar 55 Gambar 56 Gambar 57 Gambar 58 Gambar 59 Gambar 60 Gambar 61 Gambar 62 Gambar 63 Gambar 64 Gambar 65 Gambar 66 Gambar 67 Gambar 68 Gambar 69 Gambar 70 Gambar 71 Gambar 72 Gambar 73 Gambar 74 Gambar 75 Gambar 76 Gambar 77 Gambar 78
Show Wall ..................................................................................... Save File ....................................................................................... Message Dialog Save File ............................................................ Replace File Confimation .............................................................. Save Report File ........................................................................... Report Confirmation ...................................................................... About Frame ................................................................................. Tampilan Awal .............................................................................. Tampilan New Retaining Wall ....................................................... Tampilan Retaining Wall Load Data .............................................. Tampilan Input Data Frame Cantilever .......................................... Tampilan Input Data Frame Gravity .............................................. Tampilan Input Data Layer of Soil ................................................. Tampilan Alert Message Accepted Input ....................................... Tampilan Error Input Message ...................................................... Tampilan Loading Frame .............................................................. Tampilan Result Frame Cantilever ................................................ Tampilan Save Dialog ................................................................... Tampilan Save dan Show Report Dialog ....................................... Tampilan Message Dialog ............................................................. Tampilan Report PDF Format ....................................................... Tampilan Result Frame Gravity ..................................................... Tampilan Moment per Section ...................................................... Tampilan Drawing Result .............................................................. Tampilan Open Dialog .................................................................. Tampilan Menu Bar About Pada Main Screen ........................ Tampilan About ............................................................................. Tampilan Exit Dialog .....................................................................
63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 68 68 69 70 71 71 72 72 73 74 74 75 75 76 77 78 78 79 79 80
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel I Tabel II Tabel III Table IV Tabel V Tabel VI Tabel VII Tabel VIII Tabel IX Tabel X
Contoh Perhitungan Section Cantilever Wall ................................ Contoh Perhitungan Section Gravity Wall ..................................... Simbol-Simbol Activity Diagram.................................................... Indikator ....................................................................................... Main Screen ................................................................................. Input Data Frame Cantilever Wall ................................................. Input Data Frame Gravity Wall ..................................................... Result Data Frame Cantilever Wall............................................... Result Data Frame Gravity Wall ................................................... Kuiesioner User ............................................................................
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16 22 31 33 81 82 82 84 84 85
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN LAMPIRAN L-2 TABEL MEYERHOF LAMPIRAN L-2 IMPLEMERNTASI PERHITUNGAN MEYERHOF LAMPIRAN L-3 DIAGRAM TEKANAN TANAH LAMPIRAN L-4 TEKANAN TANAH BERDASARKAN TEORI RANKINE LAMPIRAN L-5 HASIL KUISIONER LAMPIRAN RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS
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