3/2/2015
Overview workshop
• Welcome and Introduction • The impact of divorce on children • Pilot Family Transition in the Netherlands Family Transitions Triple P in The Netherlands Helping Families Through Divorce or Separation Helping Families Change Conference 2015, February 25th
• What is Family Transitions Triple P? • Experiences with Family Transitions in the Netherlands
Paula Speetjens (The Trimbos-Institute) Marion van Bommel (The Netherlands Youth Institute) Geraldien Blokland (Triple P trainer) © Copyright University of Queensland 2011
Introduction
• Do you know Triple P? • Job description: practitioner? Policy maker? Researcher? • Do you work with Triple P? / is Triple P available in your country/region? • Do you work with divorced parents or their children? • Do you work with Family Transitions?
Overview workshop
• Welcome and Introduction • The impact of divorce on children • Pilot Family Transition in the Netherlands • What is Family Transitions Triple P? • Experiences with Family Transitions in the Netherlands
A significant proportion of marriages end in divorce
A significant proportion of marriages end in divorce
• In Australia 50% of divorces involve children* - 24.3% involve children <5 years - 36.4% involve children 5-9 years - 39.3% involve children >10 years
• In the Netherlands each year 70.000 children experience divorce of their parents
*
ABS, 2005
CBS, 2012
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Europe
Nature and significance of the impact of divorce on children
• Child behaviour problems more common when families are in the process of separation and divorce
• Common concerns include: - Tantrums, aggression, noncompliance, mealtime problems, separation anxiety - Behavioural disorders
Eurostat, 2008
Negative Outcomes of Divorce for Children
Short term problems •Emotional, behavioural & academic problems and distress Long term problems
•Lower levels of education attained •Earn lower incomes •Increased marital discord •Poor relationships with parents •Experience higher levels of psychological distress Sanders & Stallman, 2009
Factors influencing child adjustment following divorce or separarion
•
Parenting practices
•
Quality of the parent–child relationship
•
Quality of the co-parenting relationship
•
Parent emotional adjustment
•
Financial resources
Australian trial Family Transitions Triple P
•
Parents who completed Family Transitions Triple P reported:
− − − −
lower expressed anger lower trait anger lower levels of dysfunctional parenting lower levels of child behaviour problems
Sanders & Stallman, 2014
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Overview workshop
Triple P in the Netherlands
Triple P for 0-12 year olds
• Welcome and Introduction • The impact of divorce on children • Pilot Family Transition in the Netherlands
• • • • • • •
Level 2, Brief Primary Care Level 2, Seminars Level 3, Primary Care Level 3, Discussion Groups Level 4, Group Level 4, Standard Level 5, Enhanced (level 5)
Teen Triple P
• • • • •
Level 2, Seminars Level 3, Primary Care Level 3, Discussion Groups Level 4, Group Level 4, Standard
• What is Family Transitions Triple P? Standard Stepping Stones
• Experiences with Family Transitions in the Netherlands
Pilot Family Transitions Triple P in The Netherlands (2012 -2014) Cooperation between: -The Netherlands Youth institute (implementation) -The Trimbos-Institute (evaluation) The pilot involved: •60 practitioners trained (2½ day training + accreditation) •24 different organizations from 7 counties •mix of preventive and curative working practitioners •regular meetings with local projectleaders •consultation for practitioners •no money for RCT
Overview workshop
• Welcome and Introduction
2015: Triple P Online
Pilot Family Transitions Triple P
Lifestyle
Pilot Family Transitions Triple P in The Netherlands (2012 -2014)
• 27 parent courses were delivered in 2013 • 10 first half year • 17 second half year • about 200 parents involved
What is Family Transitions Triple P?
•
Group-based intervention targeted at parents in the process of separation or divorce
•
Level 5 intervention in the Triple P model of support
•
Focuses on improving parental coping skills and improving child behaviour
• The impact of divorce on children • Pilot Family Transition in the Netherlands • What is Family Transitions Triple P? • Experiences with Family Transitions in the Netherlands
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Key objectives of Family Transitions Triple P
Key objectives of Family Transitions Triple P
•
Increase parental competency in managing common behavior problems
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Improve parental coping skills
•
Reduce parental use of coercive and punitive methods of punishment
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Develop a positive co-parenting relationship
•
Improve conflict-management skills
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Improve parents’ communication about parenting issues
•
Develop parents’ problem-solving skills
Family Transitions Triple P delivery options
Content Family Transitions Triple P
Family Transitions Triple P (5 group sessions)
Group Triple P (4 group sessions)
2 to 3 telephone sessions
Group Teen Triple P (4 group sessions)
2 to 3 telephone sessions
Session
Duration
1. Divorce — A Family Transition
120 mins
2. Coping with Emotions 1
120 mins
3. Coping with Emotions 2
120 mins
4. Managing Conflict
120 mins
5. Balancing Work, Family and Play 120 mins Group closure session
Group closure session 20
Family Transitions Triple P - materials
Questionnaire Measures of Child and Family Functioning
Pre- and post-group assessment of child and family functioning
Faciltatorskit: • • • • •
• Indicates initial child and parental levels of family functioning
Manual Workbook for parents Relaxation CD Session presentations DVD
• Indicates progress at the completion of Family Transitions Triple P • Assists with identification of non-responders and referral to further levels of intervention
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Questionnaire Measures of Child and Family Functioning
• Family demographics • Child behavior and adjustment • Parental style and confidence • Parental conflict over parenting • Parental adjustment • Acrimony between parents* • Parental anger* (state, trait, expression) • Program satisfaction 24
Overview of Session 1 Divorce – A family transition • • • • • • • •
Working as a group Challenges of divorce Principles of a positive family transition Parent traps during divorce Talking to your children about divorce Helping children manage emotions Setting goals for change Homework
* Unique to Family Transitions
Parent traps during separation and divorce
Principles for a positive transition 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
• Discussion in groups
Meeting the needs of children An effective co-parenting relationship Communicating appropriately with children Setting up a new life as a single parent Taking care of yourself
What are the parent traps that makes it more difficult for children to adjust to their parents’ divorce?
• Short inventory of common traps • Dvd fragment • Experiences and comments
Parent traps during separation and divorce
Overview of Session 2 Coping with Emotions 1 • • • • •
Review of Session 1 Review of homework Unpleasant emotions Understanding how emotions affect parenting Coping with emotions – Mindfulness and relaxation – Pleasurable and mastery activities
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Overview of Session 3 Coping with Emotions 2
Monitoring thoughts
• • • • • • •
Daily record of stressful events and thoughts Date
Situation
Emotions
Physical Sensations
Thoughts
Linking Thoughts and Feelings
Review of Session 2 Review homework How thoughts influence emotions Challenging unhelpful thoughts Coping strategies Taking care of yourself Homework
Challenging unhelpful thoughts
• Different ways of thinking about the same situation create different emotional reactions • Changing the thoughts changes the emotion
Event
Thoughts
Emotions
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Overview of Session 4 Managing conflict • • • • • • •
Review Session 3 Review of homework Understanding conflict Assertive communication Child-related discussions Developing a parenting plan Homework
Dealing with anger routine BE MINDFUL, ACKNOWLEDGE ANGER AND CLARIFY APOLOGISE FOR ANY RESPONSIBILITY PAUSE
CO-PARENT DOES NOT BECOME CALMER
CO-PARENT BECOMES CALMER
ACKNOWLEDGE AND VALIDATE EMOTION
PROBLEM SOLVE
PAUSE
CO-PARENT DOES NOT BECOME CALMER
CO-PARENT BECOMES CALMER
POSTPONE DISCUSSION
PROBLEM SOLVE
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Parents Reflecting on Life
Overview of Session 5 Balancing work, family and play • • • • • •
Review Session 4 Review of homework Building a new family identity Social support Developing new romantic relationships Homework
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Overview of Weekly Sessions Session
Duration
1. Divorce – a family transition
120mins
2. Coping with Emotions 1
120mins
3. Coping with Emotions 2
120mins
4. Managing Conflict
120mins
5. Balancing Work, Family And Play
120mins
6. Positive Parenting
120mins
7. Promoting Children’s Development
120mins
8. Managing Misbehaviour
120mins
9. Planning Ahead
120mins
10. Implementing Parenting Routines 1
15-30mins
11. Implementing Parenting Routines 2
15-30mins
12. Group closure session
120mins
Overview workshop
• Welcome and Introduction • The impact of divorce on children • Pilot Family Transition in the Netherlands • What is Family Transitions Triple P? • Experiences with Family Transitions in the Netherlands 38
Improving Mental Health by Sharing Knowledge
Focus of pilot
Pilot
• Does Triple P Family Transitions fit within the Dutch (youth) care structure?
Results Pilot Triple P Family Transitions 2012-2014
• Evaluation of satisfaction and experiences of Professionals Parents
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Divorce programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TP - Family Transitions Als ouders gaan scheiden Als je ouders gescheiden zijn Basisschool kinderen groep 7 & echtscheidingssituaties BOR Humanitas Cursus kind en scheiding Cursus voor gescheiden ouders van pubers Dappere Dino’s Echt Scheiden Echtscheiding en nu verder op eigen kracht Gedeeld verdriet Gespreksavonden gescheiden opvoeden Groep voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders Groepscursus ouderschap na echtscheiding Groepstraining: Ouders en Scheiding JES! Jonge Helden: Kameleonprogramma Jongeren en echtscheiding KIES Kind en echtscheiding Kinderen scheiden ook!
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21 22 in 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Divorce programs in NL
Kinderen van 12-15 jaar in echtscheidingssituaties Mijn ouders zijn gescheiden, en ik dan? Minitraining opvoeden na echtscheiding
1 2 3
OKEE Omgangsbegeleiding/ Mediation Omgangshuis / Omgangscentrum Opvoeden in je eentje Opvoeden na echtscheiding Oudercursus Kinderen en Echtscheiding Ouderschap blijft! CJG Ouderschap blijft! GA Ouderschap na scheiding Ouderschap na scheiding en kinderen uit de knel Ouderschapsreorganisatie (ORO) Samen de zorg Vechtscheiding: behandeling en begeleiding Verwerken van echtscheiding Verwerkingsgroep na scheiding Zandkastelen
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TP - Family Transitions Als ouders gaan scheiden Als je ouders gescheiden zijn Basisschool kinderen groep 7 & echtscheidingssituaties BOR Humanitas Cursus kind en scheiding Cursus voor gescheiden ouders van pubers Dappere Dino’s Echt Scheiden Echtscheiding en nu verder op eigen kracht Gedeeld verdriet Gespreksavonden gescheiden opvoeden Groep voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders Groepscursus ouderschap na echtscheiding Groepstraining: Ouders en Scheiding JES! Jonge Helden: Kameleonprogramma Jongeren en echtscheiding KIES Kind en echtscheiding Kinderen scheiden ook!
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21 22 in 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Kinderen van 12-15 jaar in echtscheidingssituaties Mijn ouders zijn gescheiden, en ik dan? Minitraining opvoeden na echtscheiding OKEE Omgangsbegeleiding/ Mediation Omgangshuis / Omgangscentrum Opvoeden in je eentje Opvoeden na echtscheiding Oudercursus Kinderen en Echtscheiding Ouderschap blijft! CJG Ouderschap blijft! GA Ouderschap na scheiding Ouderschap na scheiding en kinderen uit de knel Ouderschapsreorganisatie (ORO) Samen de zorg Vechtscheiding: behandeling en begeleiding Verwerken van echtscheiding Verwerkingsgroep na scheiding Zandkastelen
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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Divorce programs in NL
Divorce programs in NL
focus on kids
focus on parents & kids
TP - Family Transitions Als ouders gaan scheiden Als je ouders gescheiden zijn Basisschool kinderen groep 7 & echtscheidingssituaties BOR Humanitas Cursus kind en scheiding Cursus voor gescheiden ouders van pubers Dappere Dino’s Echt Scheiden Echtscheiding en nu verder op eigen kracht Gedeeld verdriet Gespreksavonden gescheiden opvoeden Groep voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders Groepscursus ouderschap na echtscheiding Groepstraining: Ouders en Scheiding JES! Jonge Helden: Kameleonprogramma Jongeren en echtscheiding KIES Kind en echtscheiding Kinderen scheiden ook!
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21 22 in 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Kinderen van 12-15 jaar in echtscheidingssituaties Mijn ouders zijn gescheiden, en ik dan? Minitraining opvoeden na echtscheiding
1 2 3
OKEE Omgangsbegeleiding/ Mediation Omgangshuis / Omgangscentrum Opvoeden in je eentje Opvoeden na echtscheiding Oudercursus Kinderen en Echtscheiding Ouderschap blijft! CJG Ouderschap blijft! GA Ouderschap na scheiding Ouderschap na scheiding en kinderen uit de knel Ouderschapsreorganisatie (ORO) Samen de zorg Vechtscheiding: behandeling en begeleiding Verwerken van echtscheiding Verwerkingsgroep na scheiding Zandkastelen
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TP - Family Transitions Als ouders gaan scheiden Als je ouders gescheiden zijn Basisschool kinderen groep 7 & echtscheidingssituaties BOR Humanitas Cursus kind en scheiding Cursus voor gescheiden ouders van pubers Dappere Dino’s Echt Scheiden Echtscheiding en nu verder op eigen kracht Gedeeld verdriet Gespreksavonden gescheiden opvoeden Groep voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders Groepscursus ouderschap na echtscheiding Groepstraining: Ouders en Scheiding JES! Jonge Helden: Kameleonprogramma Jongeren en echtscheiding KIES Kind en echtscheiding Kinderen scheiden ook!
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21 22 in 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Kinderen van 12-15 jaar in echtscheidingssituaties Mijn ouders zijn gescheiden, en ik dan? Minitraining opvoeden na echtscheiding OKEE Omgangsbegeleiding/ Mediation Omgangshuis / Omgangscentrum Opvoeden in je eentje Opvoeden na echtscheiding Oudercursus Kinderen en Echtscheiding Ouderschap blijft! CJG Ouderschap blijft! GA Ouderschap na scheiding Ouderschap na scheiding en kinderen uit de knel Ouderschapsreorganisatie (ORO) Samen de zorg Vechtscheiding: behandeling en begeleiding Verwerken van echtscheiding Verwerkingsgroep na scheiding Zandkastelen
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Divorce programs in NL
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Place for TP Transitions in NL?
focus on parents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TP - Family Transitions Als ouders gaan scheiden Als je ouders gescheiden zijn Basisschool kinderen groep 7 & echtscheidingssituaties BOR Humanitas Cursus kind en scheiding Cursus voor gescheiden ouders van pubers Dappere Dino’s Echt Scheiden Echtscheiding en nu verder op eigen kracht Gedeeld verdriet Gespreksavonden gescheiden opvoeden Groep voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders Groepscursus ouderschap na echtscheiding Groepstraining: Ouders en Scheiding JES! Jonge Helden: Kameleonprogramma Jongeren en echtscheiding KIES Kind en echtscheiding Kinderen scheiden ook!
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21 22 in 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Kinderen van 12-15 jaar in echtscheidingssituaties Mijn ouders zijn gescheiden, en ik dan? Minitraining opvoeden na echtscheiding
• Nationwide: Transitions fills hiatus • Regional: similar options available
OKEE Omgangsbegeleiding/ Mediation Omgangshuis / Omgangscentrum Opvoeden in je eentje Opvoeden na echtscheiding Oudercursus Kinderen en Echtscheiding Ouderschap blijft! CJG Ouderschap blijft! GA Ouderschap na scheiding Ouderschap na scheiding en kinderen uit de knel Ouderschapsreorganisatie (ORO) Samen de zorg Vechtscheiding: behandeling en begeleiding Verwerken van echtscheiding Verwerkingsgroep na scheiding Zandkastelen
• Available evidence-based programs for these parents:
NON with Dutch RCT-evidence
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Evaluation Parents • • • •
Evaluation Parents
2012-2014 60 professionals trained, 25 institutions, 7 regions 163 parents in 27 courses 93 parents in pilot study (57%) – 2/3 mother – Mean age is 42 year – 2 (step-) children – Divorced in last 4 years
• 86 % Transitions + Triple P Course (0-12 or teens) • Divorced: – 27% in last 12 months – 31% between 1-3 years ago – 38% more than 3 years ago • This last group is less satisfied with the course 4.9 out of 7: urgency gone?
• Online evaluation questionnaire after completing program
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What would you advice on when to do Transitions?
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What would you advice on when to do Transitions?
Parents: •43% ‘this is different for each person’ •16% when decision to divorce has been made by one parent •11% when decision to divorce has been made and both parents have agreed to it •13% when a divorce is seriously considered •17% otherwise specified
Professionals: •48% ‘this is different for each person’ •21% don’t know •17 % when decision to divorce has been made and both parents have agreed to it •14% otherwise specified
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Evaluation Parents Satisfaction of parents Quality of Triple P Transitions? Meeting your needs? Content program on divorce accurate?
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Most helpful topics?
Mean on 1-7 scale 5.8 5.4 5,4
•Tips and tricks to deal with ex-partner •Dealing with conflicts •Keeping calm, dealing with unhelpful thoughts •Dealing with own emotions •Effects of divorce on children
•Both indicated and non-indicated care parents benefit •Possible in combination with individual help and/or mediation
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Least helpful topics?
Missing topics?
• 52% ‘Can’t think of any topics that weren’t helpful’ • • • •
• 23% YES, I’ve missed: – Divorce when everything is bitterly battled – New partner and effect on child – Space for sharing own story’s – Practical info (legal/juridical, financial and referral to other help) – Communicating with ex-partner when he/she has psychological/ psychiatric problems
Dealing with co-parent Mindfulness & taking care of oneself Parenting Life after divorce and new partners
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Evaluation
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Recommend a friend?
• Length of course? good • Materials? Good • In group? Most parents said: Love it! – Man & woman in same group – Understanding the other view on things – Learn from each other, share experiences – Recognition same feelings in others • AND: ex-partner not in same but in parallel group
91% YES definitely!
• Some parents said: In group? Hate it, because: Gap in educational background dealing with emotions of others too small group, additional parents in Triple P part
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Intervision with profesionals
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Recommendation Implementation •Check regional supply of divorce programs
•fairly satisfied with program Some improvement ideas •packed program content VS parental need to talk and share •time management •Triple P for step-parents •too much homework
Program •Don’t accept additional parents to the regular Triple P group after Transitions •Co-parents in parallel groups, not together Recruiting parents is more time consuming! •via mediators, court, legal system, self-referral
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Groupdiscussion implementation issues What to do if... ?
1. Both parents insist on joining the same group 2. Parents only want to join the Transition part 3. Parents protest that there is not time to exchange
Family Transitions in the Netherlands
Delivery maintained
experiences during the course
4. Practitioners do not feel competent on specific issues in the program
5. Parents in the group have children of different ages 6. Some parents in the group have a very problematic divorce
7. Some parents have difficulties following the program
Information for parents
Testimonials
“Within the course I quickly realized that I can not change my ex-husband, but I can change the way I deal with the situation.” “Before participating in the course, I would become very angry during a phone call with my ex-husband. Now I recognize when I get angry and can stop it in time.”
Testimonials
“The roleplays were a bit scary at the beginning, normally you don’t do something like that. But I learned a lot from practising: a lot more than just talking about it.”
Testimonials
“I feel more happy and have more energy left to do enjoyable things with my daughters” “Even my ex-husband complimented me about being more happy and doing a good job with the kids”
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Marion van Bommel:
[email protected] Paula Speetjens:
[email protected] Geraldine Blokland:
[email protected]
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