XVIII XX XVIII XX < > < > < >

!"!#$%&'(! $)!'*+*,( -( (.#$/(,$'01 2!,!#(",0'+304 50%0$% 678 9:7 «:(;(#+304 )(+<"$#+*,!''=4 <'0,!#+0*!* 0;!'0 >.9. ?(;('(+(,$»

! "#!$!% #&'(")*)

>(#(/(,$ @$"!A"$ 2!#)!!,'$ !"#$%&' ()*)&+*(,"-" ."#' /*0")1)&!0"-" ,#1((1 <(0*-> ('$ ;$*!#0$%! #<++3(4 -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,.) 10.02.01 – #<++304 C/=3

D0++!#*$E0C '$ +(0+3$'0!
@$
2!,!#(",0'+3 – 2010

("/*2310&* 99JDJ@KJ

3

6?L9L 1. :(B*0F!+304 C/=3 3$3 (.M!3* %0'),0+*0F!+30G 0++%!"(,$'04

10

1.1. 7+'(,'=! '$-#$,%!'0C , 0/
10

1.2. L+-!3*= 0/
28

1.3. N#0*!#00 (*.(#$ -(B*0F!+3()( ;$*!#0$%$ 0 ;!*("03$ !)( $'$%0/$

41

9=,("=

55

6?L9L 2. O+*!*0F!+3(! (+,(!'0! +'!)$ 3$3 (.M!3*$ "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0 , #<++3(4 -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,.

58

2.1. 2(+*(C'0C +'!)$ 3$3 (.M!3*= G<"(A!+*,!''()( (+;=+%!'0C

58

2.2. P!-#!/!'*$E0C 50/0F!+30G -#0/'$3(, +'!)$

80

2.3. 7+(.!''(+*0 G#('(*(-$ -#0 (-0+$'00 +'!)$

101

9=,("=

120

6?L9L 3. L3*<$%0/$E0C 3('E!-*<$%&'=G -#0/'$3(, +'!)$ , (.#$/'(; -(/'$'00 ;0#$ , #<++3(4 -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,.

123

3.1.:(B*0F!+3$C 3('E!-*<$%0/$E0C -#0#("'()( C,%!'0C <+'!)>

123

3.2. J"0'0E= "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)> 3$3 3(;-('!'*= (.#$/'()( (-0+$'0C (.M!3*(, ;0#$

145

3.3. J"0'0E= "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)> , (.#$/'(4 #!-#!/!'*$E00 "
168 183

RLN?STJ@KJ

185

2:K27N ?KHJPLH8PU

189

2:K27N K2H7T@KN79

210

2

!4565785 :(+*<%$*(; +(,#!;!''(4 %0'),0+*0F!+3(4 '$<30 +*$% *!/0+ ( *(;, F*( ;'()((.#$/0! (3#. ?(*;$', 9.:. 6#0)(#&!, 0 "#.). D%C +(,#!;!''()( B*$-$ #$/,0*0C '$<30 G$#$3*!#!' '!-#!3#$Q$1Q04+C 0'*!#!+ 3 0/.9. D<"(#(,$, >.9. :0;!'(,$, 2.W. 2G$%CG(,$ 0 "#.). 7"'$3( -#(.%!;$ (-0+$'0C +,(!(.#$/0C B+*!*0F!+3()( +-(+(.$ '$ 5('! (.="!''()( +(/'$'0C (+*$!*+C ;$%( 0/
E!%(+*'()( 5#$);!'*$ ;0#$ – "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$, !"0'0E= 3(*(#()( (*#$A$1* #!/<%&*$*= #$/'=G +-(+(.(, -(/'$'0C ;0#$, , *(; F0+%! 0 B+*!*0F!+3()( (H.9. 20;$I3(). O*(* -("G(" #!$%0/(,$' -#0 0/7?@ "%C 5(#;0#(,$'0C -#!"+*$,%!'0C (. B+*!*0F!+3(; +-(+(.! (+,(!'0C 5#$);!'*$ ;0#$. 9 3$F!+*,! A8BC;5D? 0++%!"(,$'0C -#0'C*( -(%(A!'0! ( *(;, F*( -#(E!++ B+*!*0F!+3()( (+,(!'0C (.M!3*$ *+,- 0;!!* B,(%1E0(''=4 G$#$3*!# 0 -#!"-(%$)$!* -(+*!-!''(! #$+I0#!'0! 3#<)$ !"0'0E, (#0!'*0#(,$''=G '$ "$''=4 5#$);!'* ;0#$.

4

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– XX ,,., $ *$3A! 5(%&3%(#'=! *!3+*=, -#0,%!3$!;=! + E!%&1 ,=C,%!'0C +%(A0,I0G+C , <+*'(; '$#("'(; -(B*0F!+3(; *,(#F!+*,! (.#$/(, +'!)$. :#0 (*.(#! ;$*!#0$%$ '!
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

6

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«K+*(#0C #<++3(4 %0*!#$*<#=», «K+*(#0C #<++3()( %0*!#$*<#'()( C/=3$», « 0%(%()0F!+304 $'$%0/ *!3+*$», «2*0%0+*03$ #<++3()( C/=3$», «P<++3$C C/=3(,$C 3$#*0'$ ;0#$», $ *$3A! , -#!-("$,$'00 +-!E0$%&'=G 3<#+(,. @$ /$Q0*< ,='(+C*+C +%!"<1Q0! BC=CL578K: 1. D!'(*$*0,'$C 3('E!-E0C 5#$);!'*$E00 +!;$'*0F!+3()( <'0,!#+<;$ C,%C!*+C -#("<3*0,'(4 -#0 0/ ,=C,%!'= ",! *!'"!'E00: -!#,$C +(+*(0* , -(+*!-!''(; #$+I0#!'00 +(+*$,$ B+*!*0F!+30 (+,(!''=G 3(;-('!'*(, (/$ +F!* -#0,%!F!'0C !"0'0E .$/(,()( 5('"$ 0/
‘",0A!'0! -(" "!4+*,0!; +0%= ,!*#$’, ‘*$C'0!’). 8+*$'(,%!'(, F*( *(%&3( '!3(*(#=! 0/ -#0/'$3(, -#(C,%C1*+C -#0 (-0+$'00 ,+!G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$. P$/'$C +*!-!'& ,3%1F!''(+*0 -#0/'$3(, , 0/(.#$A!'0! +(+*(C'04 +'!)$ -(/,(%C!* #$/)#$'0F0*& #,-&./#+0, 0 +,#,-&./#+0, -#0/'$30. 4. O+*!*0F!+3(! (+,(!'0! 50/0F!+30G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$ (+, 0+-(%&/.9. ?(;('(+(,$ (2006 – 2009). 7+'(,'=! -(%(A!'0C #$.(*= (.+.9. ?(;('(+(,$» (+!'*C.#& 2008, '(C.#& 2009, C',$#& 2010), '$ +(,;!+*'(; /$+!"$'00 3$5!"# #<++3()( C/=3$ 0 C/=3(/'$'0C 2!,!#(",0'+3()( 50%0$%$ 678 9:7 «:(;(#+304 )(+<"$#+*,!''=4 <'0,!#+0*!* 0;!'0 >.9. ?(;('(+(,$» 8

(;$#* 2010). P!/<%&*$*= 0++%!"(,$'0C (*#$A!'= , )%$,! 3(%%!3*0,'(4 ;('()#$500, , 11 +*$*&CG, , *(; F0+%! , 2 +*$*&CG (.M!;(; 0,9 -.%. , 0/"$'0CG 0/ +-0+3$, #!3(;!'"(,$''()( 9LN. 7.Q04 (.M!; (-<.%03(,$''=G #$.(* +(+*$,%C!* 5,1 -.%. (;E<:;<E9 68JJ5E;9M88. P$.(*$ +(+*(0* 0/ ,,!"!'0C, *#!G )%$,, /$3%1F!'0C, +-0+3$ %0*!#$*<#=, +-0+3$ 0+*(F'03(,. 9 ",#$(6 -.!$, (+,!Q$1*+C (+'(,'=! -("G("= 3 0/ -#0 0/(.#$A!'00 "#<)0G #!$%04 "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0.

9

-=949 1. .CN;8F5J:8O KD?: :9: CGH5:; =87A48J;8F5J:8P 8JJ=56C4978O K;!1Q0!+C , $#+!'$%! +(,#!;!''()( 0++%!"(,$*!%C ;!*("030 $'$%0/$ G<"(A!+*,!''(4 #!F0 '$-#$,%!'= '$ ,=C,%!'0! +,(!(.#$/0C C/=3$ -(B/00 0 -(+*0A!'0! $,*(#+3()( /$;=+%$. 9$A'(4 -#(.%!;(4 3()'0*0,'(4 %0'),0+*030 C,%C!*+C 0/
1.1. !"#$"%& "'()'$*&"+, $ +-./&"++ 0.1#2&!3$&""#4 )&/+ 9'0;$'0! .>. V$G*0': «H(%&3( , -(B/00 C/=3 #$+3#=,$!* ,+! +,(0 ,(/;(A'(+*0, 0.( *#!.(,$'0C 3 '!;< /"!+& ;$3+0;$%&'=!: ,+! +*(#('= !)( '$-#CA!'= "( 3#$4'(+*0, "(G("C* "( +,(0G -(+%!"'0G -#!"!%(,; -(B/0C 3$3 .= ,=A0;$!* ,+! +(30 0/ C/=3$, 0 C/=3 -#!,(+G("0* /"!+& +$;()( +!.C» [V$G*0' 1975, +. 46]. K+*(#0C #$/,0*0C *!(#!*0F!+3(4 -(B*030 -#!"+*$,%C!* +(.(4 '!-#!#=,'<1 E!-& -(0+3(, ;!*("(,, -("G("(, 3 0/. :!I3(,+304, F&0 *#<"= -(+%'()0! -!#+-!3*0,'=! -<*0 $'$%0/$ G<"(A!+*,!''(4 #!F0 .=%0 /$%(A!'= , *#<"$G S.>. ?(*;$'$ [1996, 2000], 10

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«9 -!#,(; +%
'0! ( *!+'(4 /$,0+0;(+*0 /,<3(,(4 0 +("!#A$*!%&'(4 (#)$'0/$E00 *!3+*$. H$3, ( -#C;(4 /$,0+0;(+*0 ;!%("030 +*0G$ (* !)( #0*;$, ( «-#0!;$G ;!%("0/$E00» -0+$% V.>. O4G!'.$<; [O4G!'.$<; 1922]. 9 -#("(%A!'0! !)( ,/)%C"(, 9.>. Y0#;<'+304 #$++;$*#0,$!* ;!%("03< *$3A! 3$3 +%!"+*,0! #0*;$. @(, , (*%0F0! (* -(/0E00 V.>. O4G!'.$<;$, , 3('E!-E00 9.>. Y0#;<'+3()( #0*; +*$,0*+C , /$,0+0;(+*& (* +;=+%$ *!3+*$, (* !)( B;(E0('$%&'()( 5('$, (* ,=.(#$ +%(,, (* +0'*$3+0F!+30G (+(.!''(+*!4. H$30; (.#$/(;, ;!%("03$ -('0;$!*+C 3$3 #!/<%&*$* ,/$0;("!4+*,0C #$/%0F'=G 5$3*(#(,, 3(*(#=! (.!+-!F0,$1*

,=-(%'!'0!

«G<"(A!+*,!''(--+0G(%()0F!+3()(

/$"$'0C»

[Y0#;<'+304 1977, +. 74]. P(%& /,<3(,(4 (#)$'0/$E00 *!3+*$ , #!$%0/$E00 $,*(#+3()( /$;=+%$ #$++;$*#0,$%$+& '$ -#(*CA!'00 ,+!)( XX ,. K'*!#!+'=; , B*(; (*'(I!'00 -#!"+*$,%C!*+C 0++%!"(,$'0C @.9. T!#!;0+0'(4. 8F!'=4, #$++;$*#0,$C G<"(A!+*,!''=4 *!3+* + *(F30 /#!'0C #!$%0/$E00 , '!; -#0'E0-$ 0'5(#;$*0,'(+*0, <*,!#A"$!*, F*( ,$A'<1 #(%& , ,=#$A!'00 G<"(A!+*,!''()( +;=+%$ 0)#$!* 3$3 +!;$'*03$ +%(,, *$3 0 0G ;$3+0;$%&'$C /,.?. 6$+-$#(, ,=",0)$!* *!/0+ ( ,/$0;(+,C/0 ;!*#$ 0 *!;= -#(0/,!"!'0C [6$+-$#(, 1979]. 2,C/& ;!A"< ;!*#(; 0 !)( +!;$'*0F!+3(4 (3#$+3(4 -#(12

C,%C!*+C , ",.?. 6$+-$#(,$, +(+*$,%C!* 15 +!;$'*0F!+30G (3#$+(3 [H$; A!]. 9 *!(#!*0F!+3(4 -(B*03! '! .=%0 (.(4"!'= ,'0;$'0!; 0 +0'*$3+0F!+30! (+(.!''(+*0 -(B*0F!+3(4 #!F0. 9 F$+*'(+*0, ;'()( ,$A'=G F!#*, -#0+
!*$,

. H1*F!,$, K. L''!'+3()(, L. V%(3$, >. [,!*$!,(4 [N(,*<'(,$ 2003]. @$/(,!; #C" "#<)0G +(,#!;!''=G 0++%!"(,$*!%!4, F&0 '$
,(/;(A'(+*0

.!++(1/'()(

-#!"%(A!'0C

[6#!3

2005].

@.L. N(A!,'03(,$ '$ (+'(,! $'$%0/$ -(B*0F!+30G 0"0(+*0%!4 '$F$%$ XX ,. (-#!"!%C!*, 3$3 «-!#!F0+%!'0C -#0'0;$1*
(.#$/'()( +;=+%$ 0 , (.Q!4 3(;-(/0E00 %0#0F!+3()( +*0G(*,(#!'0C, E03%$ +*0G(,. @.L. @03(%0'$ '$ ;$*!#0$%! #<++3(4 -(B/00 XIX – '$F$%$ XX ,,. ,=C,%C!* (+(.!''(+*0 5<'3E0('0#(,$'0C ,#!;!''=G 5(#;. L,*(# -("F!#30,$!*, F*( ('0 +%. ?(*;$'$ [2000], 7.6. P!,/0'(4 [1989], 2.H. R(%C'$ [1989], 7.K. 2!,!#+3(4 [2001, 2007], L.N. Y(%3(,+3()(, S.N. \!)%(,$ [1996], L.9. D!+C*(,(4 [2009] 0 "#. 9 #$;3$G B*()( '$-#$,%!'0C G<"(A!+*,!''(! -#(0/,!"!'0! (+;=+%0,$!*+C 3$3 !"0'(! E!%(!. H!3+* -('0;$!*+C 3$3 +0+*!;$, , 3(*(#(4 ,+! !"0'0E= ,/$0;(+,C/$'=, (.%$"$1* (+(.=; /'$F!'0!;, $ 0G 0+-(%&/(,$'0! , *!3+*! +()%$+. O4/!'I*!4'$, $,*(#= "$'14

'(4 3('E!-E00 (-#!"!%C1* E!%& -(B*030 3$3 «0/
-#!"-(F*!'04 "(%A'$ +*$*& 0+*(#0C -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$ [6#0)(#&!, 1989]. N (-0+$'01 0+*(#00 #$/,0*0C +#!"+*, -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$ (.#$Q$%0+& . [,!*$!,(4, 9. >$C3(,+3()(, 2. J+!'0'$, @. R$.(%(E3()(, D. X$#;+$, L. >!A0#(,$. V%$)("$#C *#<"$; -#!"+*$,0*!%!4 «)#0)(#&!,+3(4 I3(%=» +(/"$'( (+(.(! '$-#$,%!'0! , 0++%!"(,$'00 -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$, , E!'*#! ,'0;$'0C 3(*(#()( '$G("0*+C 0/
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
.K. H1*F!,$, D.9. 9!'!,0*0'(,$, 2. :. W!-

,=#!,$, L.2. X(;C3(,$), B+*!*0F!+30! -#0'E0-= 3(*(#=G, F*( (*;!F$1* 0 %0*!#$*<#(,!"=, ,( ;'()(; +G("'= -( ;0#((Q
9 -(B*03! '$3(-%!' /'$F0*!%&'=4 ;$*!#0$%, #$+3#=,$1Q04 +0'E 1999; ZE3!,0F 0 "#. 2008]; 5<'3E0('0#(,$'0! (-#!"!%!''=G !"0'0E -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$: '!(%()0/;(, [:!#E(,$ 1995], *#(-(, [:(%
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«2%(,$#! C/=3$ -(B/00» @.@. K,$'(,$ [2004] '$ ;$*!#0$%! XVIII – '$F$%$ XX ,,. +#!"+*,$ -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$ (-0+=,$1*+C -( "!'(*$*0,'=; ;'(A!+*,$;, 3(*(#=! 5(#;0#<1*+C «'$ (+'(,! (*'!+!''(+*0 '(;0'$E04 (%!3+0F!+30G 0 5#$/!(%()0F!+30G) 3 (-#!"!%!''(;< (*#!/3< ,'!C/=3(,(4 "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0. O*0 )#<--= -(%
'$; -#!"+*$,%C!*+C ,="!%!'0! ",#/+0% *1!#&%. / ?! +,2 $,1,# "(.(*!8) / =:&$!,1 *+,- (@$#.<*),

!

$(9:&@+(6 '!#&*,.) / ?!'#&A&. / B#/A,6 *"&1!++(6 '&:,.) / C>($72 (V%(3) [K,$'(,$ 2004, +. 523, 524]. 9 +,(1 (F!#!"&, , +(+*$, +%(,$#'(4 +*$*&0 «( ,&1)!, ;!*!%0, -<#)!» ,3%1F!'= -$#$"0);= + *$30;0 +%(,$;0-(.#$/$;0, 3$3 '+&1, #&'!$, '#&A,$(, *$)1(' 0 -("., 3(*(#=! *$3A! .!:!21 $ 1(1 ).) )+(6 %#(+(.(-)5,*')6 ",#)(: [9="!%!'( ;'(4. – @.>.]» [K,$'(,$ 2004, +. 9] '! #!$%0/(,$'$ , +*#<3*<#! +%(,$#'(4 +*$*&0. 9!"& (.#$/'=! #C"= #$+-(%(A!'= , $%5$,0*'(; -(#C"3!. H$3<1 0'5(#;$E01, 3$3 ,(/'03'(,!'0! (.#$/(, , (-#!"!%!''=4 -!#0(", (*+<*+*,0! 0G '$ "#<)0G B*$-$G #$/,0*0C -(B/00, *#<"'( 0/,%!F& 0/ +%(,$#'(4 +*$*&0. V(%!! *()(, -("$F$ (.#$/'=G +#!"+*, , 0%%1+*#$*0,'(4 F$+*0 +%(,$#C '! +,C/=,$!*+C +( ,#!;!'!; 0G -(C,%!'0C: /$ E0*$*$;0 0/ -#(0/,!"!'04 N. 2%
3#$+'( #!I$!* ,(-#(+ ( ,=C,%!'00 /'$F0;=G "%C #<++3(4 -(B/00 (*#!/3(, ,'!C/=3(,(4 "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0. 9 +,(1 (F!#!"& B,(%1E01 *()( 0%0 0'()( (.#$/$, '!+;(*#C '$ -#0,%!F!'0! ()#(;'()( 3(%0F!+*,$ -(B*0F!+30G 3('*!3+*(,, ,=C,0*& + -(;(Q&1 "$''()( +%(,$#C '!-#(+*(. 9 +,C/0 + 5(#;0#(,$'0!; $'*#(-(%()0F!+3(4 -$#$"0);= '$
0+!'3( 2005; V(.3(,$ 2007; V()"$'(,$ 2008]; 3('3#!*-

'=G -#!";!*(, [R$,C/30'$ 2007] 0 "#. :#0;!'!'0! #$/%0F'=G ;!*("03 3('E!-*<$%&'()( $'$%0/$ -(/,(%C!* #!9+!/ '!#1)+! 8)#! (?.9. T!#'!E) 0 "#. 7. $,*(#+3(4 ;("!%0 ;0#$, 3('!F'(, ;(A'( +<"0*& '$ (+'(,! $'$%0/$ +%(,!+'(4 *3$'0 *!3+*$, '$ .$/! ,=C,%!''=G G<"(A!+*,!''=G (.#$/(,, ,=#$/0*!%&'=G -#0!;(,. K , B*(; (*'(I!'00 -('C*0C )+:)$):&!.7+!/ '!#1)+! 8)#! 0 ):)(*1).7 , +(,#!;!''=G #$.(*$G +((*'(+C*+C 3$3 ",! ,/$0;(+,C/$''=G 0 ,/$0;((.<+%(,%!''=G +*(#('= ("'()( E!%()(. >!A"< *!; '(,$C -$#$21

"0);$ '$ 0 , *,(#F!+*,! >. 9(%(I0'$. >("!%0#. 9(%(I0'$, 0++%!"(,$*!%& 0/
.H.] '!(.G("0;(
+<.M!3*$, '$-#$,%!''=G '$ (+;=+%!'0! +((*,!*+*,<1Q0G 5#$);!'*(, ;0#$» [R)$/0'+3$C 2008, +. 6]. :#0 B*(; ,$A'<1 0'5(#;$E01 "%C ,=C,%!'0C +("!#A$'0C 3('E!-*(, -#!"+*$,%C1* *$3A! (.#$/ A0/'0 $,*(#$, G$#$3*!# ,(+-#0C*00 0; (3#
3%$++$ (*#$A$!* #$/'=! +,(4+*,$ ("'()( 0 *()( A! (.M!3*$, $ /'$F0*, (#0!'*0#(,$'$ '$ !)( E!%(+*'(+*& , *(4 ;!#!, , 3$3(4 B*( 503+0#I,'1!, 3(*(#=4 #$++;$*#0,$!*+C 3$3 G,.(*1+06 ;#!-8,+1 8)#!, ;'()()#$''( (+;=+%0,$!;=4 , '$E0('$%&'(; C/=3!. H$3, , +!;$'*0F!+3(; -#(+*#$'+*,! «F!%(,!3 – -#0#("$» +#!"0 /'$F0;=G 5#$);!'*(, #!$%&'(+*0 ,="!%!' +'!). 9(,*(#=G, -(B*0F!+30! 3('*!3+*=, ,=C,%!''=! + , $'$%0/0#<1*+C '$ 5('! .$/(,()( 5('"$ B*()( 3%$++$ 0 +
2003]. 9 B*(4 #$.(*! .=%0 ,="!%!'= '!3(*(#=! +, <+*$'(,0%$, F*( , 0'*!#-#!*$E00 +((*,!*+*,<1Q!)( 5#$);!'*$ ;0#$, #!-#!/!'*0#(,$''()( G<"(A!+*,!''=;0 *!3+*$;0, , +#$,'!'00 + .$/(,=; 5('"(; B*()( 3%$++$ 0 '$. ?(*;$' -0+$%, F*( G<"(A!+*,!''=4 *!3+* ;("!%0#
3(;-%!3+, 3$3 (.(.Q!'0! <…> (G,$*=,$!* (-#!"!%!''=! C,%!'0C "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0 ((.M!3*0,'=4 ;(;!'*) 0 <…> ,=#$A$!* (*'(I!'0! 3 '!4 -0+$*!%C <…>. 9 G<"(A!+*,!''=G -#(0/,!"!'0CG ;= 0;!!; "!%( '! *(%&3( + +<.M!3*0,'=;0 (E!'3$;0 ;0#$, '( 0 + (.M!3*0,'=; -#!"+*$,%!'0!; ( 3$#*0'! "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0»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
;$*!#0$%! #<++3(4 -(B/00 XVIII –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«;()<* <-(*#!.%C*&+C 3$3 , (.="!''(4, *$3 0 , -(B*0F!+3(4 #!F0»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«-(B*0F!+30! (.#$/= ,!*#$ 3$3 (+'(,$''=! '$ *(; 0%0 0'(; ;("<+! -!#E!-E00 (/#!'00, +%
%!'(, F*( (*'(I!'0! F!%(,!3$ 3 ,!*#< 0/;!'C!*+C: '$.%1"$!*+C +;!'$ C#3( ,=#$A!''()( (*#0E$*!%&'()( (*'(I!'0C '$ -(%(A0*!%&'(!. O*(* 5$3* 0++%!"(,$*!%& +,C/=,$!* «+ -(+*!-!''=; (*G("(; (.#$/'()( -(/'$'0C (* (.="!''()( (+,(!'0C ;0#$»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
L'$%0/ -(B*0F!+30G *!3+*(,, +(/"$''=G '$ -#(*CA!'00 *#!G +*(%!*04, !+*!+*,!''=; (.#$/(; (.#$Q$!* 3 ,(-#(+< (. B,(%1E00 , (+,(!'00 +,(4+*, 0 -#0/'$3(, +'!)$, C/=3(,=G +#!"+*, 0G ,=#$A!'0C, $ *$3A! 3 ,(-#(+< ( 5(#;0#(,$'00 (.#$/'()( (*#$A!'0C B*()( 5#$);!'*$ ;0#$. K*$3, +%(A0,I0!+C , *!F!'0! XX ,. -("G("= 3 0/
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

1*+C , -#0;!*$G: H('#06 *+,- +! (9)87 – .&5@, +!$(9&; H+(-( *+,-! +! "(./% – 8+(-( %.,>! $ 9!'#(8!%; J!'($ 9)8(6 *+,-&@,', 1!'($ .,1(8 %.,>&@,' 0 "#. [R0;0' 2006]. 9 ",, +("!#A$Q!)( /'$F0;=! +,!"!'0C (. (.M!3*!, '$/,$''(; , 0;!'0 3%$++$, (-0+=,$%0+& '$ .$/! <+*(4F0,=G !"0'0E – +%(,, 5#$/!(%()0/;(,, -(+%(,0E, -()(,(#(3, -#0;!* [20;$I3( 1998], "(+*$*(F'( -("#(.'( 0/
.>. D(+*(!,+3(-

)( «K"0(*» +0;,(%0/0#=I30'$. 7.#$/ +'!)$ '$G("0; , *,(#F!+*,! #<++30G G<"(A'03(,: K.O. 6#$.$#C, 9.6. N$/$'E!,$, S.S. N%!,!#$, 6.:. N('"#$*!'3(, L.N. 2$,#$+(,$, 9.K. 2<#03(,$, K.K. W0I30'$ 0 "#. L'$%0/ '$
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
P(++00 +0;,(%0/0#0,, 9)8+),, / ?,.,+0, 9$,9:0. M *+,-, ) "('(6 <…>. @$#C"< + -(B*0F!+30;0 -#(0/,!"!'0C;0 (.#$/$ +'!)$ 0++%!". V!%(Q0'=;, -(3$/=,$!*, F*( , (-0+$'00 -!4/$A$ N.6. :$<+*(,+304 0+-(%&/
(.#$/(,-+0;,(%(,. @!;$%(,$A'(! ;!+*( +#!"0 '0G /$'0;$!* (.#$/ -<#)0: «:!4/$A -<#)0 +(/"$!* +0;,(%0F!+3<1 3$#*0'< A0/'!''=G 0+-=*$'04 )!#(0'0» [H$; A!]. 9 -(,!+*,(,$*!%&'(4 +*#<3*<#! -#(/$0F!+30G -#(0/,!"!'04, 3$3 <*,!#A"$1* %0*!#$*<#(,!"=, 3$#*0'= -#0#("=, -!4/$A'=! /$#0+(,30 '! *(%&3( (.(/'$F$1* 5(', '$ 3(*(#(; #$/,(#$F0,$1*+C +(.=*0C , A0/'0 F!%(,!3$, '( 0 +0;,(%0/0#<1* (+(.=! B*$-= , A0/'0 )!#(!,, +(+*(C'0! "
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– «+0;,(% +,!*%()( ;0#((Q
1*+C «;03#(+",0)0 , /'$F!'00», 0G +;=+%(,(4 -%$' <,!%0F0,$!*+C [H$; A!, +. 260]. 7.#$/ +*$'(,0*+C +0;,(%(;, -( <*,!#A"!'01 0++%!"(,$*!%C, .%$)("$#C #$/,0*01 < '!)( #$/%0F'=G /'$F!'04: «2%(,( *+,-, (.'$#!A0#(,$, C,%C!*+C ("'0; 0/ +%(A'=G +0;,(%(, -(B*$. :(+3(%&3< , +*#<3*<#! B*()( +%(,$ '!* '03$30G -#!-C*+*,04 "%C <-(*#!.%!'0C , #$/%0F'=G /'$F!'0CG, , -(B*03! >!A0#(,$ -#(0+G("0* #$/,0*0! +0;,(%$ *+,-» [W<%&+3$C 1979, +. 263]. 2 ,=,("(; 7.9. W<%&+3(4 ,-(%'! ;(A'( +()%$+0*&+C, *$3 3$3 F$+*(*'(+*& 0+-(%&/(,$'0C +%(,$ C,%C!*+C ,$A'=; <+%(,0!; 5(#;0#(,$'0C < '!)( +0;,(%0F!+3()( /'$F!'0C. JQ! 9.9. 90'()#$"(,, 0/,.(*+,A+06, *+,A+(-"#/8!/ , -(B/00 6. K,$'(,$) +("!#A$* -(;0;( (-0+$'0C +0'*$);$*0F!+30G 0 -$#$"0);$*0F!+30G +,C/!4 ,+! /'$F!'0C, ,=,!"!''=! '$ (+'(,! 3('*!3+*<$%&'=G -#!(.#$/(,$'04 0 +0;,(%0/$E00 !"0'0E. [H$#$+(,$ 2003, +. 235]. 9 +!;$'*0F!+3<1 +*#<3*<#< '$/,$''=G +%(,, -( "$''=; 0++%!"(,$*!%C, ,G("C* -#C;=!, 34

3('*!3+*<$%&'=! 0 +0;,(%0F!+30! (*(%&3( < +%(,$ *+,- , -(B/00 6. K,$'(,$) /'$F!'0C. 2()%$+'( +%(,$#'(4 +*$*&!, , *,(#F!+*,! K. L''!'+3()( +%(,( *+,(.%$"$!*, -(;0;( -#C;()( /'$F!'0C, '!+3(%&30;0 3('*!3+*<$%&'=;0 /'$F!'0C;0: ‘'$F$%(, '!+!A"< *!; '!%&/C '! (*;!*0*&, F*( *$3(4 -<*& $'$%0/$ ,!"!* 3 +!A0#(,$ C,%C!*+C +%(,( *+,-, $ -(B/00 J. 90'(3<#(,$ – +%(,$ .)G(, #(1, 1,.(, '#($7, *8,#17, 1!6+! 0 "#. [W<%&+3$C 1979]. O*( ,-(%'! (.MC+'0;(, ,!"& 3%1F!,(! +%(,(, #$/ ('( '$)#
(.#$/'=;0 0 ;'()(F0+%!''=;0 "$A! , #$;3$G ("'()( 0"0(+*0%C. :( '$.%1"!'01 K.L. H$#$+(,(4, < +%(,$ *+,- , *,(#F!+*,! K. L''!'+3()( 0 6. K,$'(,$ +(,-$"$!* *(%&3( ("'( 3('*!3+*<$%&'(! /'$F!'0! (0/ *#!G , *,(#F!+*,! 3$A"()() – ‘'$F$%(, +,C/$''(! +( +;!#*&1’. N+*$*0, (*;!*0;, F*( , B*(; /'$F!'00 #!$%0/
L.L. :<+*(,$%(,$, $'$%0/0#$/<#03 [>$/<#03, URL]. @$ ;$*!#0$%! (.#$/$ +'!)$ , *,(#F!+*,! -(B*(, #$/'=G 3<%&*<#, '( ("'(4 B-(G0 $,*(# ,=C,%C!* +;=+%(,=! -%$+*= 0 ;(*0,= , +!;$'*0F!+3(4 +*#<3*<#! 3('E!-*$ *+,-. K++%!"(,$*!%&, $'$%0/0#$/<#03 (-0#$!*+C '$ +#$,'0*!%&'=4 $'$%0/ -#!0;
A!,'03(,$ 1995]. :#!";!*(; 0/,.0, 8,1,.), N(;$#(,; "(#(@! :&@)*10% 5,#N8&%, \0-$F],). D#<)$C *!'"!'E0C , #$/,0*00 -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$ '$/,$'$ $,*(#(; +!;$'*0F!+3(4 +;!A'(+*&1 (-(#'=G +%(, *#(-$ 0 0%%1+*#0#
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«-(C,%C!*+C ,(/;(A'(+*& (+(/'$*&, , F!; +(+*(0* #!$%&'$C '(,0/'$ -(B*0F!+3(4 #!F0: , (*3#=*00 %0 *$30G +*(#(' (.M!3*$, 3(*(#=! '!0/,!+*'= ,'! !!, 0%0 , (+(.(4 -#(!3E00 "(A'( %0 )(,(#0*& ( -#!"-(F*!'00 -#0 ,=.(#! C,%!'04 39

-#0#("= , 3$F!+*,! (+'(,= G<"(A!+*,!''=G (.#$/(, <…>? J+*& %0 *$30! +*(#('=, 3$F!+*,$ (.M!3*(,, '$ 3(*(#=G .(%!! ,+!)( +(+#!"(*(F0,$!*+C G<"(A!+*,!''$C ;=+%&» 0 -(". [20;$I3( 2003, +. 53]. 9 "$''(4 #$.(*! -#!"-#0'0;$!*+C -(-=*3$ $'$%0/$ *(4 F$+*0 "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)>, 3(*(#$C (*#$A$!* #!/<%&*$*= B+*!*0F!+3()( (+,(!'0C "$''()( 5#$);!'*$ ;0#$ 0 '$G("0* ,=#$A!'0! , #<++3(4 -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,. :#0 $'$%0/! 3('*!3+*(,, +("!#A$Q0G (-0+$'0! +'!)$ 3$3 ,0"$ $*;(+5!#'=G (+$"3(,, <+*$'$,%0,$!*+C *( +,(4+*,( +'!)$, 3(*(#(! $3*<$%0/0#
#$/'=G 3(;-('!'*(, "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)> ;()<* -(% , 5<'3E00 0/(.#$/0*!%&'(-,=#$/0*!%&'=G +#!"+*,. 9 +((*,!*+*,00 + B*0; -#0 ,=F%!'!'00 3('*!3+*(, ;= (#0!'*0# 0 3(;-('!'*(, "#<)0G "!'(*$*0,'=G 3%$++(,, 0+-(%&/
*$30!, , /'$F!'00 3(*(#=G -(,*(#C!*+C ("0' 0 *(* A! "!'(*$*0,'=4 3(;-('!'*. @$-#0;!#, +%(,$ *+,A+06, >,.(*+,A+06, *+,A&#!, "(#(@! 0 "#., -( "$''=; *(%3(,=G +%(,$#!4 +("!#A$* , /'$F!'00 3(;-('!'* ‘+'!)’: *+,A+06 – ‘+"!%$''=4 0/ !"&8', -(3#=*=4 !"&8#;, (.0%&'=4 !"&8#;, +,(4+*,!''=4 +'!)<’ [>L2, H. 4, +. 164]; >,.(*+,A+06 – ‘.!%=4 3$3 !"&8, (+%!-0*!%&'( .!%=4’ [>L2, H. 1, +. 78]; *+,A&#! – ‘3$I!(.#$/'$C ;$++$, (.#$/<1Q$C+C -#0 -$"!'00 !"&8' '$ -(,!#G'(+*& (G%$A"!''(4 ,("=’ [>L2, H. 4, +. 164]; "(#(@! – ‘*(%&3( F*( ,=-$,I04 !"&8’ [>L2, H. 3, +. 305]. D!'(*$*0,'=4 3(;-('!'* , 0!#$#G00 +!;$'*030 !"0'0E ;(A!* /$'0;$*& #$/%0F'(! -(%(A!'0!. L.6. V('"$#!,$ -#0 0++%!"(,$'00 5(#;0#(,$'0! "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <%!+> (-#!"!%0%$, F*( "!'(*$*0,'=4 3(;-('!'* ;(A!* ,=+*<-$*& , 3$F!+*,! C"!#'(4 (#("(,(4) +!;= [V('"$#!,$ 2003, +. 16]. 9 '$I!; ;$*!#0$%! B*( (*'(+0*+C 3 /'$F!'0C; +%(, *+,A+06, 8,1,.7, "(#(@! 0 *.-. N#(;! E!'*#$%&'(4 F$+*0, -( ;=+%0 L.6. V('"$#!,(4, "!'(*$*0,'=4 3(;-('!'* ;(A!* '$G("0*&+C '$ -!#05!#00 /'$F!'0C: «:#!A"! ,+!)(, B*( '$.%1"$!*+C , *$30G !"0'0E$G, , 3(*(#=G E!'*#$%&'(! -(%(A!'0! /$'0;$!* 3(;-('!'*, '! (.'$#, *$3 3$3 (.(/'$F$!* ’-%(+30! "!#!,C''=! -(%(/&C, -#03#!-%!''=! 3 '()$;, "%C -!#!",0A!'0C (# !"&8.’ [>L2, H. 2, +. 206]. N(;-('!'* ‘-( +'!)<’ /$'0;$!* -!#05!#04'(! -(%(A!'0!. H!; '! ;!'!! !"0'0E$ .0A) ,3%1F$!*+C , 0/L2, H. 3, +. 530], -(/,(%C!* ,=C,0*& *$3(4 3('E!-*<$%&'=4 -#0/'$3, 3$3 ‘'!#$,'(;!#'(+*& *$C'0C’. 93%1F!'0! , ;$*!#0$% +%(, )+,6, )98(#(97 (.<+%(,%!'( '! *(%&3( *!;, F*( , +-!E0$%&'(4 '$
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«"!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ +*$'(,0*+C *!; (#0!'*0#(;, 3(*(#=4 -(/,(%C!* '$-#$,%!''( ,=.0#$*& ;$*!#0$% 0/ '$
+%(,$ , '$<3! #!I$%+C '!("'(/'$F'(. 7 -#(.%!;! 3('*!3+*$ -0+$%0 ;'()0! =#30', K.6. H(#+. :#0 ,=F%!'!'00 5#$);!'*$ *!3+*$ !*("03< ,=F%!'!'0C '!(.G("0;()( 5#$);!'*$ *!3+*$ -(3$A!; '$ -#0;!#! +*0G(*,(#!'0C :.L. N(#+$3(,$ «R0;'0! ;!F*$'0C», +(/"$''()( , '$F$%! XIX ,. 9 "$''(; -#(0/,!"!'00 #!F& 0"!* (. 0/;!'!'0CG , -#0#("!, 3(*(#=! -#(0+G("C* + '$+*<-%!'0!; /0;=. 7.#$*0;+C 3 -!#,(4 +*#(5! +*0G(*,(#!'0C: >0#'=4 /%$3 -(%!4 0++$#E$'= -(A0#$!* G%$"; V!%=4 +'!) -
2#!"0 -!#!F0+%!''=G -#0;!* '$+*<-%!'0C /0;= <-(;0'$!*+C +'!), -(3#=,$1Q04 "!#!,&C. D%C ,=C+'!'0C *()(, , 3$3(; +(+*(C'00 0/(.#$A$!*+C +'!) 0 3$30! !)( -#0/'$30 -#0 B*(; $3*<$%0/0#<1*+C, "(+*$*(F'( , "$''(; +%
+*#(F30 0/ *!3+*$ +*0G(*,(#!'0C , 3$F!+*,! !"0'0E= $'$%0/$ ((*"!%&'()( 3('*!3+*$) '! '$#.!'! -(+)1 * 1$,#:) *)+,6 – / <#(9+(2 :,*+)G,6 – *1#("(1+06 B(9$)9:. / <:, :(%+N1 – 1!8 *+,-; -:, $(99#)1 – 1!8 )+,6. / EA!*(8 +,*N1*/ $ &@) #,9')6 *$)*1. @$+*<-%!'0! /0;=, G(%(" 0 -(C,%!'0! +'!)$ – B*( ,+! #!/<%&*$*= "!4+*,04 '!3(!)( ;05(%()0F!+3()( -!#+('$A$, $3*0,'( <-#$,%C1Q!)( +0%$;0 -#0#("=. :(+3(%&3< ,+! F!*=#! +*#(30 (.%$"$1* +!;$'*03(-+0'*$3+0F!+3(4 +,C/$''(+*&1, C,%C1*+C ,$A'=;0 , E!%(; "%C -('0;$'0C *()(, 3$3(4 -#0/'$3 +'!)$ ,(++(/"$!*+C -(B*(;, -(+*(%&3< '!(.G("0;( , 3$F!+*,! 3('*!3+*$ $'$%0/$ -#0,%!F& ,+1 +*#(5<, 3(*(#$C 0 +(+*$,0* (*"!%&'=4 3('*!3+* – "#<)<1 !"0'0E< $'$%0/$. 9 '!3(*(#=G +%!*!%&'$C /!;%C». [$#0* ;!*!%& , ;(!4 +*#$'! 9!+& )(" ;!*]* ('$ – 0 "$A! %!*(; 3#C*!A'=4 ,/)%C". K – +!#"E! #<++3(! )(#0* , ;!*!%0! >!*!%& – '$,!3. >!*!%& – -(,+1"<. K '$" +!#!.#C'=; %!+'=; -#(+*(#(; /,!'0*--(!* A0,(! F<"(, +,!F$ %1.,0 ;(!4 – 2,C*=! 6(#=… >!*!%& – +<"&.$. >!*!%& – -("#<)$ , ;(#(/'(4 '!A'(+*0, , #$/)<%&'(4 +0%!… «7+*$,&*! ;'! ;!*!%& "$ ,&1)<» – "$ -!+'1 ,(%&'<1 , -(%CG P(++00… K +;!#*0 '!* +!#"E$; %1"+30;! K "=I$* #$"(+*&1 +'!)$ 0 ,/(#=, 3()"$ ,%1.%!', 3()"$ %1.0; K +3,(/& ;!*!%& ,0"'= 2,C*=! 6(#=… 45

9 "$''(; +*0G(*,(#!'00 ,+! !)( +("!#A$'0! -(+*#(!'( '$ 0'*!#-#!*$E00 +%(,$-(.#$/$ 8,1,.7, 3(*(#(! <-(*#!.%C!*+C 0 , -#C;(;, 0 , -!#!'(+'(; /'$F!'00. H$3, ,(--!#,=G, ;!*!%& 3$3 -()("'(! C,%!'0! #$+3#=,$!*+C $,*(#(; 3$3 ,$A'=4 -#0/'$3 3%0;$*$ #("'(4 +*#$'= (8(,6 *1#!+0). 9(-,*(#=G, , +*0G$G F,*7 -(: 8,1N1 (+! – ) :!A, .,1(8 / J#&A)1*/ "#!%. P "( $,*+, / ?!8,1,+0 *!:0 $)@+N$08 G$,1(8 ;!*!%& $++(E00#
)#<--= 3%$++0E0+*(,, +!'*0;!'*$%0+*(,, #(;$'*03(,, #!$%0+*(,, $3;!0+*(,, +0;,(%0+*(, 0 *.". '!0/.!A'( -#0,!%( .= 3 +G!;$*0/;<. :(B*(;< -#0 #$+-#!"!%!'00 ;$*!#0$%$ $C3(,+3()(, @. 6<;0%!,$, >. 9(%(I0'$, 7. >$'"!%&I*$;$, 2. J+!'0'$, N. V$%&;('*$ 0 ;'. "#. (*'!+!'( '$;0 3 -!#0("< #<.!A$ XIX – XX ,,. N#(;! B*()(, '!3(*(#=! -(B*=, *,(#F!+*,( 3(*(#=G (*#$A$!* 3%$++0F!+30! *!'"!'E00 #$/,0*0C #<++3(4 -(B/00, '! «,-0+=,$1*+C» , '(,=! B+*!*0F!+30! -#0'E0-= 0/(.#$A!'0C "!4+*,0*!%&'(+*0. 9 +,C/0 + B*0; 0G *,(#F!+*,( (*'(+0*+C 3 -#!"="
(5$-

'(,$ G$#$3*!#!' «,/#=, #(;$'*0F!+3(4 -(B*030» [N(A0'(, 1978, +. 257]. 9 "$''(4 #$.(*! ,$A'=; -#!"+*$,%C!*+C -#(+%!"0*&, 3$3 ;!'C!*+C -(B*0F!+3(! ,(+-#0C*0! (3#
XVIII ,. – ,#!;C '$F$%&'()( B*$-$ 5(#;0#(,$'0C %0*!#$*<#'()( C/=3$ 0 +*$'(,%!'0C $,*(#+3(4 %0*!#$*<#=, ,#!;C #$+E,!*$ 3%$++0E0/;$ 0 '$F$%( 5(#;0#(,$'0C +!'*0;!'*$%0/;$. XIX ,. (-#0;!#'( "( +!#!"0'$ 80-G ).) G$#$3*!#0/
,(!'0C '(,=G -%$+*(, %!3+030 [60'/.<#) 1997, +.233]; B*( ,#!;C #$/,0*0C +$;()( +%(,$, (*3#=*0! !)( '(,=G 0 '(,=G ;!*$5(#0F!+30G ,(/;(A'(+*!4 [H<#$'0'$ 2000, +. 29]; ,#!;C «)%<.(3(4 *#$'+5(#;$E00 (.#$/'()( ;=I%!'0C , B+*!*0F!+3(; +(/'$'00 P(++00» [N!%"=I, 2007, +. 13]. XX ,. (+( ,*(#(4 *#!*0 0 "( +!#!"0'= 80-G )).) – ,#!;C .(%!! <+*(4F0,()( #$/,0*0C -(B/00, -#("(%A!'0! *#$"0E04 -#!"="
49

– XX ,,. – (3(%( 2 300 3('*!3+*(,, XX ,. ,3%1F$!* (3(%( 2 500 3('*!3+*(,, 3('!E XX ,. –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– XX ,,., G$#$3*!#0/<1*+C -(B*0F!+30; ,/#=,(;. 9-*#!*&0G, B*0 #$/%0F0C (.MC+'C1*+C '! #$,'=;0 (*#!/3$;0 ,#!;!'0, ,="!%!''=;0 +
<+'!)>, -(/,(%C1Q!4 ,-(%'! +*#()( 5(#;0#(,$*& -!#05!#01 +((*,!*+*,<1Q!)( "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$. K++%!"(,$'0! -!4/$A'=G ;(*0,(,, , '$I!; +% #$/.0,I!)(+C '$ ;'(A!+*,( 0'"0,0"<$%&'=G +*0%!4» [O-I*!4' 1990, +. 6]. @!+;(*#C '$ ,+! #$/%0F0C , %0*!#$*<#'(-B+*!*0F!+30G ;!*("$G -(B*(,, -#0'$"%!A$Q0G 3 (-#!"!%!''(4 B-(G!, , #$/,0*00 %0*!#$*<#= (3$3 0 %1.()( ,0"$ 0+3<++*,$) '$.%1"$!*+C -#!!;+*,!''(+*& -(3(%!'04. 9.Z. V#1+(, (*;!F$%, F*( «;'()0; 3$A"=4 -(B* .=,$!* (.C/$' +,(0; -#!"I!+*,!''03$;. J",$ %0 '! *#0 F!*,!#*0 +,(0G *!;, (>#!9($, $0#!A,+)6 [,="!%!'( ;'(4. –

.H.]

-(B* /$0;+*, (' C,%C!*+C , *$3<1 -(#<, 3()"$ #$/,0* *(* 0%0 0'(4 -(B*0F!+304 #("» [9!+!%(,+304 1989, +. 17]. 9 5(#;0#(,$'00 B+*!*0F!+3()( -(%C <+'!)> '$.%1"$!*+C ",! *!'"!'E00. :!#,$C +(+*(0* , -(+*!-!''(; #$+I0#!'00 +(+*$,$ B+*!*0F!+30 (+,(!''=G 3(;-('!'*(,, ,*(#$C – , '!#$,'(;!#'(+*0 0G 0+-(%&/(,$'0C '$ -#(*CA!'00 #$/,0*0C -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$. H$3, , -(B*0F!+30G *!3+*$G XVIII ,. , B-(G< 3%$++0E0/;$ 0+-(%&/(,$%0+& +%!"<1Q0! !"0'0E=: >,.(*+,A+06, >&#/, $)%#7, $72-!, *+,-, *+,A+06. N(;-('!'*= >&#!+, 8,1,.7, "#(1!.)+!, *+,A)+'!, *+,A(' (‘3(;(3 0/ +'!)$’), *&-#(> -(C,%C1*+C %0I& , -(B/00 +!'*0;!'*$%0+*(,. 9 -!#,(4 *#!*0 XIX ,. , C/=3! #(;$'*03(, /$503+0#(,$'= !"0'0E= '&#A!', .!$)+!, 8,1,.)G!, (9)87, (*+,A,++06, "(:*+,A+)', "(:*+,A+06, *+,-($(6, *+,A(' (<;.-%$+3. 3 +%(,< *+,-), &*+,Aú17*/. 9 #!$%0+*0F!+3(4 -(B/00 +#!"0 '(,=G !"0'0E, "!'(*$*0,'( +,C/$''=G +( +'!)(;, (.'$#
/'$F0*!%&'( #$+I0#C!*+C. 9 '$F$%! XX ,. (' /'$F0*!%&'( -(-(%'C!*+C 0'"0,0"<$%&'(-$,*(#+30;0 (.#$/(,$'0C;0: *+,-($,#5,+7, (V!%=4), 8+(-(*+,A+06 (V#1+(,), *+,A+('#0.06 (N$;!'+304), *+,A+(*)+)6, *#,>#(*+,A+06, *+,A+((')6 (V%(3), *+,A+(-+,A+06 (9(%(I0'), *()"$ 3$3 , +!#!"0'! –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‘,!*!# +( +'!)(;’), 3(*(#(! <-(*#!.%C%0 3%$++0E0+*=; , #(;$'*0F!+3(4 -(B/00 '! ,+*#!*0%(+& +%(,( *+,A(' (‘3(;(3’), 3(*(#(! 0+-(%&/(,$%0 +!'*0;!'*$%0+*=. 9 -#(0/,!"!'0CG #!$%0+*(, XIX ,. (*+<*+*,<1* %!3+!;= .!$)+!, "#(1!.)+!, 3(*(#=! , #<++3(4 -(B/00 0+-(%&/<1*+C 3$3 , -#C;(; /'$F!'00, #!$%0/
,(; -#0/'$3(, (.(/'$F$!;()( C,%!'0C + *!; C,%!'0!;, + 3(*(#=; ('( +#$,'0,$!*+C. :(+*!-!''(! <,!%0F!'0! +(+*$,$ )%$)(%&'(4 %!3+030 +,0"!*!%&+*, 0 (*"!%&'=! B%!;!'*= !)( %0*!#$*<#'(G<"(A!+*,!''(4 +0+*!;= ;()<* .=*& 0 "(%A'= .=*& (.MC+'!'= -#!A"! ,+!)( 3$3 9!'(+(8,#+(, *.,:*1$), (*(>,++(*1,6 (>I,'1! )9(>#!A,+)/ [9="!%!'( ;'(4. – .H.] 0 *,(#F!+3(4 0'"0,0"<$%&'(+*0 -0+$*!%C»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

3(%&'03$) 0 >,.(*+,A+!/ -#&:7 (, -#(0/,!"!'0CG 6. N$;!'!,$, L. :(%!A$!,$, L. V%(3$ 0 "#.). :#0 ,+!; +,(!(.#$/00 -(B*0F!+3()( C/=3$ '$%0F0! -("(.'=G +(F!*$'04 +,0"!*!%&+*,
!?4C6? 1. @!(+%$.!,$1Q04 0'*!#!+ 3 0++%!"(,$'01 G<"(A!+*,!''(4 #!F0 +,C/$' + !! +,(!(.#$/0!;, + .()$*+*,(; '$E0('$%&'()( C/=3$, 3(*(#=4 #!$%0/
"#<)(4 – +(/"$!*+C 0'"0,0"<$%&'(-$,*(#+304 (.#$/ B*(4 #!$%&'(+*0, '$"!%!''=4 +<.M!3*0,'=; (E!'3$;0. 9$A'=; -#!"+*$,%C!*+C -("G(" 3 $'$%0/< G<"(A!+*,!''(4 #!F0 , '$-#$,%!'00 «(* #!$%00 3 *!3+*<», (* +,(4+*, 0 -#0/'$3(, (.M!3*$, /$3#!-%!''=G , (.="!''(; +(/'$'00, 3 0G B+*!*0F!+3(;< -#!%(;%!'01 , -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3!. H$3(4 -("G(" -(/,(%C!* +(/"$*& ;("!%& E!%(+*'()( (.M!3*$ #!$%&'(+*0. 4. :(B*0F!+30! 3('*!3+*=, ,=C,%!''=! + , 3(*(#=4 '$#C"< + "#<)0;0 ,G("0* , +!;$'*0F!+3(! -#(+*#$'+*,( «F!%(,!3 – -#0#("$», -#!"+*$,%C1* +(.(4 #!/<%&*$*= B+*!*0F!+3()( +-(+(.$ -(/'$'0C G,.(*1+(-( ;#!-8,+1! 8)#!. L'$%0/ -(B*0F!+30G 3('*!3+*(, '$ 5('! +(+*$,$ .$/(,()( 5('"$ "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)> -(/,(%C!* (-#!"!%0*& +*!-!'& 0 +,0"!*!%&+*,<1Q0G ( #$/,0*(+*0 /'$'04 ( +'!)!; #$+-#(+*#$'!''(+*&1 (.#$/$ +'!)$ , #$/'=G A$'#$G 5(%&3%(#$, 3(*(#=4 (*#$A$!* #!/<%&*$*= 3(%%!3*0,'()( B+*!*0F!+3()( -(/'$'0C; ;'()(F0+%!''=;0 -(B*0F!+30;0 3('*!3+*$;0 XVIII – XX ,,., F*( +,0"!*!%&+*,$*!#0$%, 3 3(*(#(;< (.#$Q!'( '$I! 0++%!"(,$'0!, , '$
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
57

-=949 2. J;5;8F5J:C5 CJ4C5785 J75A9 :9: CGH5:;9 65OJ;48;5=>7CJ;8 4 E<JJ:CO BCND88 XVIII – XX 44. 2'!) 3$3 (.M!3* -#0#("= -(%
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

"!%C1*+C +%!"<1Q0; (.#$/(;: -$"!'0! – 78,5 %, -(3#(, – 65,5 %, ",0A!'0! + ,!*#(; – 70,6 %, *$C'0! – 57%. :#!0; 0%0 ("'0; 0/ '$0;!'(,$'04 /0;'!)( ,0G#C (;!*!%&, ,&1)$, -<#)$ 0 *.".). 9 *#!*04 -%$+* ,G("C* +%(,$, 3(*(#=! '$G("C*+C /$ -#!"!%$;0 .$/(,()( 5('"$ 0/.!'(8 +1.3 (Y<3(,$); M $'*+3!, *+,- (:$,%(,$); C+ *8)#,+ :( "(#0: / ?&3+3 – 8(.5)1 (@!3#$+(,); =+,- !%(*&3!,, '!' "&% (W<;$G!#); @'1'&3 *+,- (L''!'+304); <%(*&3!, *+,- +! "&@)*106 / 1$(6 $(#(1+)' ([,!*$!,$); @'1'&3 *+,-, ('1'&3 *+,- (L+$"(,); P 9)8(6 *&3+3 *+,A(' 60

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‘",0A!'0! ,'0/’ "(-(%'0*!%&'=4 -#0/'$3 -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$. H$3, -!#,=4 )%$)(% ,+*#!F$!*+C , (-0+$'0CG 3#<-'()( +'!)$, ,*(#(4 – ;!%3()(, +,.06 *+,- $!.)1*/ (?!#;('*(,); ?)8!. 9*#6';+ *+,- $!.)1 (H!-%C3(,); 9*#6';+ >,.08) *+,- $!.)1*/ * +,>,* (Z3<.(,0F); M 0*#(D, *+,-! :#&- +! :#&-! / K(A!1*/ (@030*0'); M 0*#(D,;+ *+,- $0"!:!. (\!#.0'$); M 8/-'(-( *+,-! "&@)*10, 0*#(D, / L,*@&8+( "("!:!21 $*.,: (V()(#$/); =$(>(:+( $721*/ *+,-! 0*#(D, (9$'I!'30'). 9 -(B/00 +!#!"0'= XX ,. , (3#
N F0+%< '$0.(%!! <-(*#!.0*!%&'=G !"0'0E, (-0+=,$1Q0G -$"$1Q04 +'!), (*'(+C*+C -#(0/,("'=! )%$)(%=, (.#$/(,$''=! (* )%$)(%(, C"#$ #$++;$*#0,$!;()( 3%$++$. H$3, !Q! , -(B/00 XIX ,. +*$%0 0+-(%&/(,$*&+C )%$)(%= 9!*0"!17, "($!.)17, $0"!:!17, "("!:!17. 2 '$F$%$ XX ,. , (-0+$'00 -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$ -(C,%C1*+C )%$)(%= 9!$!.)17, *.,1,17, *"!:!17, &"!*17, "#(61), "(61), "#(%(:)17, "#)61), (*0"!17, (*0"!17*/, "(*0"!17, $ *$3A! -#0F$+*'=! 5(#;= – &"!$@)6, "!:!23)6, (*)%$)(%&'(! + *+,- '.('!8) /

! 8(*1($&2

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…> +, $):/ *$,1!, !6)%3 "(: *+,A+08) >&-#!8) (Y<3(,+304);

, *+,-)-.) *&8*+ +! 1,8,+) -(#0? (9!%&*;$'); M:& ' 62

()+6)%3#4 *+,-(8 >,9:+, (V%(3); =+,-! .*,8.3!, 9)80 (V%(3);

!@! &.)G!

*+,-!8) -'*&8*' (L''!'+304); ?C8 #)9(6 *+,- (V!%=4); P *+,- .,:(' (*,$@)6 6)#&3 (N,.)9+(6 / (9)87 $ "(./% .6)#4… [3 5!,#$%1. – .H.] (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); =+,-(8 6)%3%& "(./ (6(#.(,+304); I'6)#&3 *+,– ) +, #!*1!,1 (6#( *+,- (@$4;$') "#. Z"#( 3%$++$ !"0'0E +( /'$F!'0!; ‘",0A!'0! +'!)$ + ,!*#(;’ +(+*$,0%0 !"0'0E= +,*1)*7, $)17, $)17*/, "(#%!17, '#&1)17, '#&A)17*/, 8,*1). @$-#0;!#, F *&#($(8 *,$,#, 8,1,.) / I&!.3!, "( "(.2 $ -&*1&2 178& :!.) (N1G!%&.!3!#); ADC3!, .,-'!/ 8,1,.)G! (7"(!,+304); <&./,1 $,1,#, (#)0'&3 *+,- (V%(3); 9).2+3!,, 6).2+3!,, 6).2+3!, $72-! +!: +!8) (7I$'0'); P &A 8,1,.) )9 9!*!: / M ;&3.3 '&:! "("!.(! (?C+3(,+3$C). N#(;! *()(, #!)<%C#'(+*&1 (.%$"$1* -#(0/,("'=! %!3+!;=, (.#$/(,$''=! (* 3(#'!4 8,*- / -8,1- , -+,*-, -$7j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– (+ >0 A #!*1!/. (L. :0 *+,-! (H1*F!,); F,*+(6 63

#33'&3 *+,- (P$!,+304); EA 3'&3 *+,-, A)1 #&5,6 (9(%(I0'); B('! $,*7 *+,- $ 1&8!+, 3',* (N%=F3(,); EA 3'&3 *+,-. L,-&1 #&57) (2,!*%(,); E'!3',* *+,-, .&-! 9!9,.,+,.) (K+$3(,+304); ( (5,+7 *'(#( *1!,1 *+,- (2$;(4%(,); K'&3 *+,-($ -./+,G (N(,$%!,). P!)<%C#'(+*& +(F!*$'0C )%$)(%$ 1!/17 0 !)( -#(0/,("'=G + + (.MC+'C!*+C '!4*#$%&'=; /'$F!'0!; )%$)(%$, '!-(+#!"+*,!''( (.(/'$F$1Q!)( +,(4+*,( +'!)$ 0/;!'C*& +,(1 +*#<3*<#<, -#!,#$Q$*&+C , ,("<. 8+*(4F0,(+*& +(F!*$'0C, , +,(1 (F!#!"&, «(*#$A$!* '!3(*(#=! "!4+*,0*!%&'=! +,C/0 ,!Q!4 0 C,%!'04»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– !"&2+3, ! $,*+(6 – 1!,1. @(,=! +%(,$, /$;!'C1Q0! E!%(! -#!"%(A!'0! -(/,(%C1* %$3('0F'( (, -#!"!%$G ("'(4 !"0'0E=) -!#!"$*& +0*<$E01, +(/"$*& (.#$/ -()("'()( C,%!'0C. H$3, '$#C"< + *#$"0E0(''=;0 "%C C/=3$ -(B/00 3('+*#<3E0C;0 *+,- ):,1, *+,- $!.)1 0 *.-. -(C,%C!*+C !;3(! +%(,( *+,A)17, -( +<*0, /$;!'C1Q!! +;=+% B*0G 3('+*#<3E04. 64

9 +(+*$,! -$#$"0);$*0F!+3()( 3%$++$ !"0'0E +( /'$F!'0!; ‘-(3#(,’ + '$F$%$ 0 "( 3('E$ XX ,. $3*0,'( 0+-(%&/<1*+C -#0F$+*'=! 5(#;= (* )%$)(%(, 9!*+,A)17, (*+,A)17. 9 +!;$'*03! )%$)(%(, (.%$)("$#C -#0+*$,3$; +( /'$F!'0!; /$,!#I!''(+*0 -#(E!++$) +("!#A0*+C 0'5(#;$E0C ( #!/<%&*$*! -$"!'0C +'!)$ – ( -(3#=*00 0; -(,!#G'(+*0 (.M!3*$.

(#;= 9!*+,A,++06,

(*+,A,++06 , +(F!*$'00 + 3('3#!*'=;0 +,:+(6 9,8.) (N)17. K'"0,0"<$%&'(-$,*(#+3<1 -#0#("< B*()( +%(,$ "(3$/=,$!* *(, F*( ('( '! /$503+0#(,$'( , +%(,$#CG [D$%&; 28; 22P?Z; >L2; 27W], 0 *(, F*( ,( ,+!G -#($'$%0/0#(,$''=G 3('*!3+*$G ('( ,+*#!F$!*+C *(%&3( ("0' #$/: ?)8! 9!8,.!. J'!.8)#7+*' :$(# (D<"0'). >(#5!;'=4 +(+*$, )%$)(%$, $ *$3A! /'$F!'0! +(,!#I!''()( ,0"$ -!#!"$1* -#0/'$3 -#!";!*$ ‘.=*& -(3#=*=; +'!)(;’, 3(#!'& -*&-#(>- (.(/'$F$!* .(%&I(! 3(%0F!+*,( +'!)$ '$ (-#!"!%!''(4 *!##0*(#00. :$#$"0);$*0F!+304 3%$++ !"0'0E +( /'$F!'0!; ‘",0A!'0! +'!)$ + ,!*#(;’ -(-(%'C!*+C '$ -#(*CA!'00 ,+!)( XX ,. :(B*= 0+-(%&/<1* -#(0/,("'=! )%$)(%=, ;(*0,0#<1Q!4 .$/(4 3(*(#=; +%&#!+)17, 9!$)%#/17. @$-#0;!#, ?:,*7 ) (.)2+3, 9:,*7 ) 7.)'"+3 (J,*
P 1!8, 9! R>).)*), $DG2+3!, / +!: 4$'!.)"1!8) 9/>.08) (?<3('0'); P "(.+(57 / $*,-:! +,8+(-( $DG2+3 +! :$(#, (V!#))(%&E); ?!8,.( ) -'$DG2+*# %!10 (2,!*%(,); R0 .7 8,+/ * "(:9,8+(6 G)1!:,.) / J#&A,$+)G,6

(5) "(-

9$!.!, / J'$+0),*' 1(+'), 8,1,.) (L'"#!!,). 9 3('E! XX ,. +#!"0 -#(0/,("'=G )%$)(%(,, ;(*0,0#(,$''=G '$0;!'(,$'0C;0 +'!A'(4 '!-()("=, 0+-(%&/<1*+C 3$3
( $+($7 – *,>, *!8(6 $(*.,: / J'$DG2+*' 9)8! (2(#(F-

30'); B(9N8'! -'$+0)+*'!D '#&1( (N#$+$,0'); J';&3&*+*#, -'$DG2+*#, / S! "( $*,6 *1#!+, (?0+'C'+3$C). V!+-#0+*$,(F'=! )%$)(%= -!#!"$1* *(%&3( ",0A!'0! +'!)$, *()"$ 3$3 -#0+*$,3$ , ;(#5!;'(4 +*#<3*<#! -#(0/,("'=G )%$)(%(, (.(/'$F$!* (+(.!''(+*0 -#(*!3$'0C (-0+=,$!;()( -#(E!++$. H$3, -#0+*$,30 $9- 0 9!- , /$,0+0;(+*0 (* 3('*!3+*$ -!#!"$1* '$F$%( ",0A!'0C +'!)$ -(" +0%(4 ,!*#$, $ -#0+*$,3$ 9!- – 0 +$; -#(E!++ 0 !)( /$,!#I!''(+*&, #!/<%&*$* 3(*(#()( – +'!), -(3#=,$1Q04 (.M!3*. 2 +!#!"0'= XX ,. $3*0,'( 0+-(%&/<1*+C -#0F$+*'=! 5(#;= )%$)(%(, 9!$72A)17, 9!8,1,.)17, 9!$)%#)17*/. 2$;=; F$+*(*'=;0 C,%C!*+C 3(;-('!'* 9!$72A,++06, )(#$/"( #!A! <-(*#!.%C1*+C +!$72A,++06, 9!8,1,.,++06, 9!$)%#/23)6*/. 2!;$'*03$ "$''=G )%$)(%&'=G (.#$/(,$'04 +(,;!Q$!* , +!.! -#0/'$30 -#(E!++$ 0 !)( #!/<%&*$*$, F*( -(/,(%C!* 0+-(%&/(,$*& B*0 5(#;= , #$/'((.#$/'(; +%(,!+'(; (3#
66

:(+3(%&3< , .$/(,(; 5('"! "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ <+'!)> (*+<*+*,<1* !"0'0E=, '$/=,$1Q0! +'!) , +(+*(C'00 *$C'0C, -(+*(%&3< , C/=3! !+*& )%$)(% 1!/17, $ +#!"0 +,9 (1:(%+($,+7/ (2$;(4%(,); P *+,!3).+3!, * +,>! (9$'I!'30'); C+ [+'!). – (2$;(4%(,); C+ [+'!). –

.H.] 3C6 +! -(.($+(6 ".!1('

.H.] 3C6, '!' .,-')6 #($+06 :&@ (2$;(4%(,); =+,-

;#)#!+3 (>!A0#(,). 6%$)(%= .(A)17*/, *1.!17*/, ".!*1!17*/, *.()17*/, .7+&17, +0#/17, (*,:!17 -(;0;( -$"!'0C $3*<$%0/0#<1* , +,(!; /'$F!'00 G$#$3*!# «-#0/!;%!'0C» +'!)$. @$-#0;!#, K,1/1 *+,A)+'), *D".3 '( $*,8 ([,!*$!,$); =+,A('. F '(+G, +,:,.), / H,#G!.. <*#+*!, "(: ('+(8 (6#0.$F!,); (*'!3'*!, *+,- (:$+*!#'$3); =+,- "%),* / $ %)1#0, "#)5,*') 2+0% :!8 (P(A"!+*,!'67

+304); L.,*1/1 #&57), ) #!&1'&3 *+,- / F '!+!$!% #!9$(#(5,++0% (>(5)+ (D<"0'). 9 -(B/00 XX ,. '!;$%( 3('*!3+*(,, , 3(*(#=G )%$)(%= + (.Q0; /'$F!'0!; ‘",0A!'0!’ ,(++(/"$1* +'!) , (.#$/! A0,()( +$#*='(,); =+,A)+') #(.!6'*+!D #!3#)#2"# / +! 1(+&3), 8,:.,++( .)*10 (J,*8(1!17*/, 3(*(#=! -(/,(%C1* (-0+$*& +'!A'=4 -(3#(, , (.#$/! ("!A"=. R$;!*0;, F*( "$''=4 G<"(A!+*,!''=4 (.#$/ /$0;+*,(,$' -(B*$;0 0/ 5(%&3%(#$, (' (+'(,$' '$

"#!,'0G ;05(%()0F!+30G -#!"+*$,%!'0CG +%$,C' (

+'!A'(; -(3#(,! 3$3 ( -(+*!%0 [L5$'$+&!, 1988]. >05(%()!;$ *#$'+5(#;0#
1&3% 1N8-

+0, *'!.0 (?!#;('*(,); J!' *!$!+(8, *+,-(8 #1&3', / M9>&@'! (@!3#$+(,); (57 :!$+( *+,-! #1&*' (L''!'+304); C -(#(:!, "(:(>+( ",@,%(:!8, / C:,.)*7 $ .N: ) *+,-(8 #7;#3'*+!D, / J!' @!#;!8) ) >[email protected]'!8) (V$)#0E304); M "(., *+,-!8) #1&3# (2<#3(,); ?,8./, *&-#(>!8) #1&3' (D<"0'); M *+,- ,N [V$I'1. – .H.], 9,.N+&2, #6.3'* (P!,0F). N#(;! '$/,$''=G +%(, , "$''=4 3%$++ ,G("C* )%$)(%=, 3(*(#=! ,(++(/"$1* '! *(%&3( (.#$/ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$, '( 0 (+(.!''(+*0 !)( ,!#G'!)( +%(C. H$3, + XIX ,. B*< )#<--< -(-(%'C1* +%(,$ +!$!.)17*/, 9!.,")17, +( ,*(#(4 -(%(,0'= XX ,. '$F0'$1* <-(*#!.%C*&+C )%$)(%= $0#($+/17, ("&@)17. @$68

-#0;!#, =+,- "'$'*+*!, +! $,1$) (7)$#!,); F*N .)G( ) #&') / J'*&(+* 8+, *+,-… (2<#03(,); =+,A'(8 :,#,$7/ #(.B+*# (V#$<'); ?)8! *+,-!8) $%)#$",*' 9,8.2 (H0G(;0#(,). 9 -(B/00 ,*(#(4 -(%(,0'= XX ,. -#!"+*$,%!'0! ( .(%&I(; 3(%0F!+*,! ,=-$,I!)( +'!)$, ( *(%+*(; +%(! -(3#(,$ -!#!"$1* +%(,$ &$)17, #!*"(.!-!17*/, 9!"(.+)17 , +%!"<1Q0G 3('*!3+*$G: J!' *(+, $(9+)'!,1 -(#(:, / =)/23)6, *+,-(8 .$+3%4… (?<3&C'(,); E'!(#*'8'G3!, *+,-! / F 8(N8 9!"&-!++(8 *!:& (N$-0*('(,); =+,- -'(#*"+* 9!'#(8! (H,$#"(,+304). :$#$"0);$*0F!+304 3%$++ !"0'0E +( /'$F!'0!; ‘",0A!'0! -(" "!4+*,0!; ,!*#$’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‘",0A!'0! -(" "!4+*,0!; ,!*#$’ C,%C!*+C +$;=; ;'()(F0+%!''=;

69

+#!"0 (-0+=,$!;=G 3%$++(,, -#0 B*(; .ó%&I!! 3(%0F!+*,( '(,=G 3(;-('!'*(, -(C,0%(+& , -(B/00 XX ,. H#!*04 -%$+* -$#$"0);$*0F!+3()( 3%$++$ !"0'0E +( /'$F!'0!; ‘*$C'0!’ '$F0'$!* -(-(%'C*&+C + XVIII ,. 9 /$,0+0;(+*0 (* *()(, 3$3(! -#(C,%!'0! *$1Q!)( +'!)$ 503+0#,A!17, *>,A!17 (*>,-!17), "(>,A!17, 1#(+&17*/ (‘'$F$*& ",0)$*&+C’), "(".017. K+-(%&/(,$'0! B*0G +%(, , -!#!'(+'(; /'$F!'00 +(/"$!* (.#$/ *$1Q!)( +'!)$ 3$3 A0,()( +<#$,&!,); =+,- #!*1!/. ) .BC* (H1*F!,); R!.06 *+,- "'*&3'* ) !*&3'* (L''!'+304); ='(#( *+,- 41(1 *.!>06 / M (1*2:! .41C3 (O#!'.<#)); S(A):!61,, '!' *+,-) 3)#".3!, (2!%&,0'+304); U3, &1#!8) A-.) 8(#(90 / M *+,- ,:$!-,:$! !#BC* (V#$<'); <#B*+ *+,-!, 9,8./ #!9:,1! (6#0.$F!,). :("F!#3'!;, F*( )%$)(%=, (-0+=,$1Q0! ",0A!'0! +'!)$ , -#(E!++! *$C'0C, #!)<%C#'( <-(*#!.%C1*+C , -(B/00 '$F$%$ –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– (J+!'0');

.H.] A)$(1(8

, -#&*1): #&57/8) $ J!8& / M*%".3 9)8+), *+,-! (V#$<'); F "&*-

1(6 '!>)+, .);1!, $ *(++(8 / C1,., *+,- !3&6'* * "!.71( (>!A0#(,); C+ [2'!). –

.H.] "!:!,1 +! 1N8+06 .N: / ) (*'$+3!, (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); 70

(

.2>.2, / T1(> #!*1!/.) *&-#(>0, / T1(> (#3&6*+, (*,.), 51(>0 / =.&A).) "("(.+,+72 #,' (2$;(4%(,); ='(.7'( *+,-! .3&6*#, "('! / :( 1,>/ :(>#!.*/ (X(,$#*). 9 #C"! +%0 (#*DG3!, )./DC; (V$%&;('*); =$,A( (1 *(.+0@'!, <…> =&-#(> / <"&2"+N&G (#3C6… (N#$+$,0'). H#!*&1 )#<--< +(+*$,0%0 )%$)(%=, /$503+0#(,$''=! , *!3+*$G , 3('E! XIX – +!#!"0'! XX ,,. 2%(,$ )*5,9+&17, *-)+&17, "#("!*17, *-(#,17, *8,*1) (.M!"0'!'= /'$F!'0!; /$,!#I!''(+*0 -#(E!++$ *$C'0C: ('0 -!#!"$1* 0+F!/'(,!'0! +'!)$ 0/ -(%C /#!'0C. @$-#0;!#, =+,-($ +!/&-"&3 *.,: 8-+($,++06 (R$4E!,+304); =+,- ()#('*, – ) *$,1.( ) 1,".( (@030*0'); ?)8! &:!.).!*7, / O!/&-*+ *+,-! (9(%(I0'); F -(#(:, :0@)1 $,*+!, / <8+".* )*1!/$@)6 *+,- (V#1+(,); O!/&- "(*.,:+)6 *+,- 9)80 ([,!*$!,$); = .)G! 9,8.) !;&3C" "(*.,:+)6 *+,- (2,!*%(,); <8#)'* $ .&5, *+,A(' "(*.,:+)6 (6#0.$F!,). 2#!"0 )%$)(%(, B*(4 )#<--= '$.%1"$1*+C 3$3 I0#(3( 0+-(%&/
(-0+$'00 -$"$1Q!)( 0 %!A$Q!)( '$ -(,!#G'(+*0 +'!)$; 1,57, *1#&)17*/, '#(@)17(-*/) ,(++(/"$1* -$"$1Q04, *$1Q04, $ *$3A! ",0A. :#(0/,("'=! !"0'0E=, '! ,G("CQ0! , .$/(,=4 5('" 0/
9 +!#!"0'! XX ,. , (-0+$'0CG -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$ -(C,%C!*+C 0 "( 3('E$ ,!3$ $3*0,'( 0+-(%&/!A0#(, 0 "#. @$-#0;!#, R)@!6@)6 !"&8#('1 –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

( "('! $ !"&8#('1&"D& *1#(-(8 / /*,+ #!9&8 )

$(./ *$,A!, / $ "#(8,A&1'!% 8,A 9$&'($ ) *.($(8 / ("#(8,15)$( 8,:.)1 :&@! (V. LG;$"<%0'(4). 9=C,%!'( .(%&I(! 3(%0F!+*,( 3('*!3+*(,, , 3(*(#=G (.#$/ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ ,(++(/"$!*+C -#0 -(;(Q0 -#!"%(A'(--$"!A'=G +%(,(5(#; + + -#!"%()$;0 +!, "(:, "(, )9-"(:. H$3 3$ +!;$'*03$ <3$/$''=G -#!"%()(, +((*'(+0*+C + -('C*0!; ‘-(,!#G'(+*&’ ((. B*(; +;., '$-#0;!#, [2!%0,]#+*(,$ 2000; :%<')C', P$G0%0'$ 2000]), , #$++;$*#0,$!;=G %!3+!;$G $3*<$%0/0#0, G$,1') $ "#(@.(-(:+,6 1#!$, / B('!9!.)*7 +! *$,1 +--(#1 !"&8' (@030*0');

, G$,*1) G$,1!8 / ?)8(6 "' !"&8.! (N(%&E(,); ?!#/ >!-#($!/ $(*%(:)1

"' !"&8' (V!%=4); @#1 !.8)#7';+ *"#/1!.!*7 -#/97 (J,*!') (# !"&8. ",1./21 (2*!-$'(,$) 0 "#. 9 (-0+$'00 ",0A!'0C +'!)$ -(" +0%(4 ,!*#$ +#!"0 +
!*$ ,+*#!*0%(+& +
+),, <-(*#!.%!''(! , (-0+$'00 ",0A,A)1 / M 1."#$&"+& 8,1,.) / J(.25)8 *+,-(8 9!'#&A)1. 9 -(B/00 XX ,. -("(.'=! (.#$/(,$'0C ,+*#!F$1*+C , +*0G(*,(#!'0CG #$/%0F'=G $,*(#(,. @$-#0;!#, =#,:7 (#)0'"+, "&#-) / O &$):,. <…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j- / $,$-) , -#!"!%$G *#!G +%(, ,( ,*(#(; +*0G! +(/"$!* /#0*!%&'=4 (.#$/ ",0A$#*='(,$ =,$,# $ *,#(8 !"&8#$&& '$#C"< + $3<+*0F!+3(4 <+0%0,$!* /#0*!%&'<1 $++(E0$E01 +( +'!A'=; ,!*#(;. 9 B+*!*0F!+3(; (+,(!'00 *$1Q!)( +'!)$ 0+-(%&/<1*+C +
.H.] / M ()#3'*+"% "( *+,-& /

R,+72 .,-'(2 (>$(:)1 ( (5$'(,); F(:(2 * *(.+G,8 "("(.!8 / ?!1(".,+0 ()#3'*+"% (:$+*!#'$3). 7*;!*0;, F*( 3 3('E< ,!3$ F$+*(*$ (.#$Q!'04 3 "$''(4 %!3+!;! +'0A$!*+C. 2#!.)*/ 9!6G0 -#&:(6 / B(: 6'(&*DG ) 1,".(8 (N%=F3(,), P"#,.7. 9'(&*D. =)+,$! (6#0.$F!,), B#)%(:)1 $,*+! <…> / = >,.(6 $,#>(6, * -#!5!8), * 6'(&*DG (V!#))(%&E), C+ $ ',"', 8('#(6 (1 6'(&*+, / "( -#(8')8 &.)G!8 ):N1 (J,*(:#/3)% :+,6, / R$()% #&57N$ ) B#)#0#$ '!",.) (6#0.$F!,); = '#0@) – '!"é.7 )./DC; (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); ?,8./ * "&*10++(6 A!A:(6 -(#(:($, / * 6'(&*DG, / '(.(1/3,6*/ ( '!8+) (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); ='$(97 #7+*+& '!",.) / C+ '!' >0 -($(#)1 >,9 *.($ (K+3$'"!#); J$#" :! '!"é.7 /

! >,#,-&! ( (30'$); @'1'&3 '!",.7 (?<-

3('0'); P'!3+3 '!",.7 ) (".0$!,1 .N: ( ('C3(,). 8-(*#!.%!'0! -(C+'C1Q!)( +%(,$ , .%0A$4I!; "%C %!3+!;= '!",.7 (3#
G<"(A!+*,!''=; /$;=+%(; $,*(#$. @$-#0;!#, , +*0G$G J!"!.) '!",.). / D&57) 9!.,",1!.), 9!')",.) (2!%&,0'+304); M ",#$!/ '!".,1 '!",.7 (V#$<') -(,*(# 3(#'C '!"- 0 /,<3(, [3], [3’], [-], [-’], [%], [%’] +(/"$!* /,<3(,(4 (.#$/ ,!+!''!4 -()("=. 9 0+-(%&/(,$'00 +%(,$ *./'(17 , -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3! '$.%1"$!*+C +%!"<1Q$C (+(.!''(+*&: , 3('*!3+*<$%&'(; (3#8,1!/ .!"1) ) "(#1') <…> / T1(> *./'(17 "& 1/+&.!*7 $ :(8 (6#0.$F!,); F(90 $ A!#& / M $ *./'(17-"&"#(.!97 (K+$!,); F*, A)$(, 7&--'6#"D&, / F*/ 1.B&$"', 7.)1' / M9 9!5!1)6 ) !-(+)6 / F *+,-,, *./'(1) ) 9$(+, (:$+*!#'$3); M / -./A& +! 41(1 /C)"%4 *+,-, /

! 9!*10$!2-

3&2 '#($7, +! *./'(17 (D<"0'). :( "$''=; '$I!)( ;$*!#0$%$, +%(,( (11,",.7 , .(%&I0'+*,! +%$#*='(,); V,"1!17 1,".&@'!8 +! &@'( <…> / B#( (11,",.7, "#( 51( "("!.( (:$+*!#'$3). 7"'$3( , '!+3(%&30G 3('*!3+*$G $3*<$%0/0#&A,+ (11,",.72 )'""&4 (>$#*='(,); K)@7 "(:'&".,++06 8(#(9(8 / )'"# (11,",.7 *&.)1 (J,*
"$*& (.#$/ *$1Q!)( +'!)$. 2: "0.7, *1(.", *1(.> 0 "#. O*0 '$0;!'(,$'0C +(/"$1* (.#$/ +'!A'=G ,0G#!4. H$3(! +%(,(<-(*#!.%!'0! ,+*#!F$!*+C , -(B/00 + '$F$%$ XIX ,. @$-#0;!#, B(#0$)*10 $,1#0 *$)*1/1 / M !"&2"%& $+0)+ '#&1/1*/ (9(%3(,); L&#/ 8-.(2 +,>( '#(,1, / A+0)+ !"&2"%& '#&1/ (L. :
.H.] ?!8!%!.! #&'!$(8, / M 9!$0.!, "(:+)8!/ / F)%#)

*+,A+0, !3#*7#; (:(%('+304); ?!8,1) A, 8(6 *.,:, $)%(#7 $72-) +(5+(6, / <"&2"#4 (%*DG *'(#,6 9!8,1)! (:$%&;0'); <…> 41! !"&2"', (%*D, /

,-

"#,#0$+(6 $(.+(6 +!>,-!/, / B(: *(>(6 "(-#,>!,1 '($0.7 (@!3#$+(,) 0 "#. 9 -(B/00 XX ,. < -#0%$)$*!%&'=G *+,A+06, *+,-($(6 #$+I0#C1*+C +0'*$);$*0F!+30! +,C/0. 9 #!/<%&*$*! B*()( ('0 0+-(%&/<1*+C , +(+*$,! +(F!*$'04, 3(*(#=! <*(F'C1* (.Q!! '$0;!'(,$'0! -()("= / '!-()("=. @$-#0;!#, S! *1#&*). !"&2"#4 "&(#8#1% / S$! #!9! ".2+&. ) >,A!. (6#0)(#&!,); 77

<:, 1(.7'( $,1,#, !"&2"%4 $&3&) / ?!$(:)1 * %$(,6 $,5+06 *"(# (P<.E(,); U3N 8(.5)1 1(1 '#!6 ",#,:+)6 / ?! :08'(6 !"&2"%0 -'$+0)&"+4 (6#0.$F!,). 9 -(B/00 XX , -(C,0%0+& 0;!'$ -#0%$)$*!%&'=!, ;(*0,0#(,$''=! +
!'.(+)*7, (>.,--

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‘-()("$’. @$-#0;!#, E *(*,+ "#/80% '(#!>,.7+0%, / &'#010% (1 $&3)#$ ;&3&*D"%0 (?!,0'); ?)8!. F(6+!. / Q&3&*D"', (#8#1' (N(#'0%(,); R(1 8('#06 $DG2"%4 !"&8 (V!#))(%&E); B(#(@)1 $+0)&$#4 !"&8… (L'"#!!,); J)+(8,%!+)' &9'(-.!906 <…> / K,1)1 $ ;&3&*D"#4 (#$#*#6& (9$%&I('(3). K'*!#!+'=; -#!"+*$,%C!*+C 0+-(%&/(,$'0! (33$/0('$%&'=G +%(, -#0 (-0+$'00 ",0A
5(#;= "%C (-0+$'0C ;!*!%0 ,=#$A$!*+C , <+*$'(,%!'00 '(,=G -#(0/,("'=G (*'(I!'04 ;!A"< '$0;!'(,$'0!; (-0+=,$!;(4 #!$%00 0 '$/,$'0!; ",0A!'0C. H$3, D. 2$;(4%(, (.#$/
. W3<%!,$, >. 9(%(I0'$, K. L'-

'!'+3()(, L. V!%()(, L. V%(3$, N. V$%&;('*$, K. O#!'.<#)$, V. N(#'0%(,$, O. L+$"(,$, @. V#$<'$, 9. N0#0%%(,$, L. H0;0#],(4, D. 2$;(4%(,$, N. 20;('(,$, 2. 903<%(,$, L. 6(#("'0E3()(. @$-#0;!#, H,.7'+&. G$,1(' +! 3'*#; *+,-, (Z3<.(,0F); =.($( L(A), – $ "5,.,, / F 3'*#; *+,-,, $ 9,8., (V$%&;('*); B(: 3'*%; *+,-(8 %#&*1,. ",*(' (V%(3); W1) .&A) +! 3'*#; *+,-& (H0;0#],$); J 1N8+(8& "#)*.&@)$!/*7 -&:&, / K'*%; *+,-(8 *")#1 +, #!9$,:& (6(#("'0E304) 0 "#. 7+*$%&'=! -#0%$)$*!%&'=! -(C,0%0+& , C/=3! -(B/00 , #$/'(! ,#!;C 0 , *,(#F!+*,! (*"!%&'=G $,*(#(,. @$-#0;!#, ! 8,*1, *.!$+(-( "(>,-! / F,*+(6 )'!3#(*&""#8# *+,-! / B(1(') 8&1+0, >,-&1 (L. :$#*='(,);

! *+,-& $&!&""&; "(#)*1(8 / B#(1(#5& :( 1,8+(10 (P. P(A"!+*,!'-

+304); P"#,.7*')6 *+,-, #(*#B*+$%4 *+,A('! (:$+*!#'$3). 8-(*#!.%!'0! '$#!F04 0 +%(, 3$*!)(#00 +(+*(C'0C ()#$'0F!'( 3('*!3+*<$%&'(, ('0 0+-(%&/<1*+C , (-0+$'0CG -$"!'0C +'!)$ 0 ",0A!'0C !)( -(" "!4+*,0!; ,!*#$ (;!'!! 1 %). @$-#0;!#, Q(#(@(, '(-:! 1!' !"&2"# (2(%()<.); F06:,@7 $ +(57 – 9!>.&:)1*/ +,*.(A+( <…> / B(1(8& 51( 9! ('+!8) $DG2"# (V=3(,); =>('&, ,A.) $DG2"# 9)8(6, / 51( @!# +!#!3)$!,1 :#&A+( 9,8+(6 – / )9 '!A:(6 ,.) $0#(* ')"!#)* (X(,$#*).

79

H$30; (.#$/(;, , (-0+$'00 +(+*(C'04 +'!)$ ‘-$"!'0!’, ‘-(3#(,’, ‘",0A!'0! -(" "!4+*,0!; ,!*#$’, ‘*$C'0!’ 5<'3E0('0#<1* +%(,$ #$/'(4 F$+*!#!F'(4 -#0'$"%!A'(+*0 ()%$)(%=, +
2.2. E&()&-&"3'N+, R+-+/&!6+0 ()+-"'6#$ !"&8' N$3 0 %1.(! C,%!'0! -#0#("=, +'!) (.%$"$!* #$/'((.#$/'=;0 -#0/'$3$;0, -(%'()0! 0/ '0G, -(",!#)$C+& B+*!*0F!+3(;< (+,(!'01, '$G("C* ,=#$A!'0! , -(B*0F!+30G *!3+*$G.

0/0F!+30! +,(4+*,$ +'!)$ (E,!*, -%(*'(+*&, #=G%(+*&, ,%$A'(+*& / +<-

G(+*& 0 "#.) '$F0'$1* (*#$A$*&+C , -(B/00 , #$/'(! ,#!;C. H$3, !+%0 .!%=4 E,!* +'!)$ #!)<%C#'( 503+0#
-(B*$;0 *(%&3( , (-0+$'0CG +'!)(-$"$. 9 +,C/0 + B*0; , B+*!*0F!+3(; (+,(!'00 +'!)$ ,="!%C1*+C #!)<%C#'=! 0 '!#!)<%C#'=! -#0/'$30. :(" #,-&./#+08 "#)9+!'(8 -('0;$!*+C *$3(4 -#0/'$3, 3(*(#=4 -#(C,%C!*+C -#0 (-0+$'00 #$/'=G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$. :#!"+*$,%C!*+C, F*( 503+$E0C *()( 0%0 0'()( 3('E!-*<$%&'()( -#0/'$3$ -#0 #$/%0F'=G -#(C,%!'0CG +'!)$ +,C/$'$ + <+*(4F0,(4 $++(E0$*0,'(4 +,C/&1 B*()( -#0/'$3$ 0 +(+*(C'0C. O*( 0 -(/,(%C!* '$/=,$*& *$30! -#0/'$30 #!)<%C#'=;0. H()"$ 3$3 +,#,-&./#+0, "#)9+!') – B*( *$30! -#0/'$30, 3(*(#=! $3*<$%0/0#<1*+C , (-0+$'0CG '!3(*(#=G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$. :(C+'0; '$ -#0;!#!. R,<3(,$C G$#$3*!#0+*03$ "$!*+C 0 +'!)(-$"<, 0 +'!A'(;< -(3#(,<, 0 ;!*!%0 0 *$C'01 +'!)$, $ 5(#;$ 0 #$/;!# +'!A0'(3 (-0+=,$!*+C *(%&3( , ;(;!'*= +'!)(-$"$. :(B*(;< /,<3 (-#!"!%C!*+C 3$3 #!)<%C#'=4 -#0/'$3 +'!)$, $ 5(#;$ 0 #$/;!#$ +'!A0'(3 3$3 '!#!)<%C#'=4. 7*;!*0;, F*( 3$3 *!, *$3 0 "#<)0! 3('E!-*<$%&'=! -#0/'$30 -(%,.06, *$3 0 ("'(3(#!''=! + '0; +
(F!#!"&, /#0*!%&'=! ,-!F$*%!'0C [+;., '$-#0;!#: ?(-<*&3( 2004, +. 82]. :#0#("'=4 E,!* +'!)$ -("F!#30,$!*+C , (-0+$'00 -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$: R( +, "!#,+7 8(.(:(6 / F&*%; *+,-(8 ("&@!,1*/ (7"(!,+304); F&*%4 *+,- .(A)1*/ (V$%&;('*); =+,A(' ):N1, / 8(6 7&*&"D6+4 *+,A(' (2!#)!!,$); %!A$Q!)( '$ -(,!#G'(+*0: B(./ & $!* >.,:+,21 / M.) *+,-!8) $'#&- -.&>(')8) 7&*&G3 (?(;('(+(,); F&*&4B+; *+,-! *,#,>#(8 / J#!*&/*7, *1,>.7 ,-( $0*('( / F9+(*)1*/ (N$*!'0'); F&*&G3 (1 *+,-($ &-#280% -(# $,#@)+0 (L. :
! 8)- .)@7 (>(.73,+7, /

!: "#&:(8 (#7&*&$B+; *+,A(' (7G$--

30') 0 ",0A0G$4%(,); J!' 5!*1( *#,:7 7&*#4 8,1,.) <…> / >#(:). (+ $ *1!#)++(6 @)+,.) (V!%=4); L&@&,1 7&*', "&#-! / !: (*)/++(2 *$/10+,6 (N0#0%%(,); M :$! -(.&>0%--(.&>0% (-(+7'!, / <(#/3), *'$(97 7&*.G 8-.& 8,1,.)… (L+$"(,); S!A, $ 7&*%& 8,1,.), / :!A, $ %(.(:!, :!A, $(:! / 9!8,#9!,1, +, *:!21*/ ,.) / +, 8,+/21 G$,1! ) 1(-:!! (903<%(,) 0 "#. 2*#!;%!'0! $,*(#(, XIX –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– / F*, $('#&- #1"#N$&3"# >,.( (9$'I!'30'); ".!G:!#8, '#0@ /

! A,.,9+(8

!*&(+3&*D"# >,.06 *+,- (:(-%$,+304); B,#$06 *+,-

".(1)+& ,)6# $0>,.). (H0;0#!,$). 9 -#(0/,!"!'0CG XVIII – XX ,,. , (-0+$'0CG E,!*$ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ +%(A0%0+& -(,*(#C1Q0!+C -(B*0F!+30! +(F!*$'0C: >,.06 *+,- (>. >0G$4%(,$, >. ?!#;('*(,$, @. @!3#$+(,$, L. V%(3$, L. V!%()(, 2. D#(AA0'$, L. V$#82

3(,(4,

7. V!#))(%&E,

N.

9$'I!'30'$,

L.

2<#3(,$,

L.

6(#!%(,$,

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–

.H.] "( $,1#& @&8/, / <)&7)+!3%4 )+,6 .)@7

*1#/*!,1 (9. D;0*#0!,); F "(., 5)*1(8 !&)&7)+3!, / =+,- (L.2. :.)*1!,1 !&)&7)#;! (:%!Q!!,);

! !&)&7)+!3#; *+,-, #!9-(#!/*7, /

L.,*1/1 .&5) (H<#)!'!,); M '!' !&)&7)+3!, +! P.7"!% B7,8(+1! / F .!9&#) "('#($ *+,-($(6 (@$"+('); <&)&7)+!3%4 *+,- .,A)1 (2$;(4%(,); =+,- ",#,.)$!.*/, / (+ >0. 1( $ *(.+G, )%2+;, / ! 1( '!' .0A+!/ @!"(5'!, !+"+; (N$/$3(,$); =$,1!,1 $ *,87, ! *+,-, '!' +á9.(, )%2 (:$+*!#'$3). 8+*(4F0,=; "%C #<++3(4 -(B/00 +*$%( (-0+$'0! E,!*$ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ -#0 ,(+G("! 0%0 /$3$*! +(%'E$, $ *$3A! , '(F'(! ,#!;C -(" +,!*(; %<'=. @$F0'$C + #(;$'*0/;$ XIX ,. $,*(#= #$/'=G B-(G #!)<%C#'( (-0+=,$1* 0/;!'!'0C E,!*$ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ , *! ;(;!'*=, 3()"$ -(" %$43(,); EA (.)(.) +! -(#!% "(-!* / F*&1"&G3 *+,A+0, $,#@)+0 (>$43(,); C+) [+'!)$. –

.H.] /

R!' *)/.) $ .&5!% $(*%(:/3,-( *(.+G!, ) $ )#-#$%4 >.,*' (:,$!/*7 <…> / $(9$,3!.) "#(%(A,8& &1#( (?!#;('*(,). 2#!"0 503+0#
+*,!''( ,'0;$'0!; -(B*(, 3 (-0+$'01 +'!)$ ,( ,#!;C ,(+G("$ 0%0 /$3$*$. R$;!*0;, F*( , C/=3! -(B/00 $,*(#= 0+-(%&/<1* , #(%0 E,!*((.(/'$F!'04 '! *(%&3( -#0%$)$*!%&'=!, '( 0 +.,*' +! *+,-! (V#1+(,); O .2>.2, '(-:! *+,- "(: .&+(6 )9.&5!*7, / C1.)$!,1*/ $:#&- $ !+"&$'3.G /*7 (H#C-30'); ?!'!1 $ "(.+,>!, '!' =1#!@+06 *&:… / B(: +)8 *1!+($)1*/ *+,- 7'8)#$%; (L'"#!!,); =+,-! (1 9!'!1! -')1&*+ (L+!!,); O+$!#*'), 9(#) 9! +!@,6 9!*1!$(6, / '!' :$(#+)'), $06:&1, 9!*.0@!$ -&:'), / T1(> *+,- -&*&"&* (V!#))(%&E); <+"&*+ $ ('(@', *&-#(>0 / B(: .&++08 8(#(9+08 .&5(8 (H,$#"(,+304); K&+! +!: *+,A+08 "(.,8 !&)&7)+3!, (9$'I!'30'); F*1!$!.( #(9($(, &1#(, / X$,.) !+)&"&$# *+,-! ( (30'$); F,5,#+)6 *$,1 <…> / M (#1!+"+* 9!*+,A,++0, :!.) (2305). 9 E,!*(,(4 G$#$3*!#0+*03! *$1Q!)( +'!)$, 3(*(#$C ,-!#,=! -(C,%C!*+C , -(B/00 '$F$%$ XX ,., 0+-(%&/<1*+C -#0%$)$*!%&'=! 0 -#(0/,("'=! (* '0G )%$)(%=. @$-#0;!#, =+,-! (#;.3"&*+, ) * '#0@) / =,#,>#/+06 :(A:7 &"!:,1… ( (5$'(,); C 1!6 A,, 1!6 A,, ;.3"%4 *+,- ( (5$'(,); <&)&&3 *+,-, 1(+5!,1 .,: (N!.', (9(%(I0'); <&)%4 *+,-, "(>,A!.) &"#/8( #&57) (V#1+(,); C+) -($(#).) ( #!++,6 $,*+,. / C 7&*%0, !+"+0 *+,-!% (V%(3); C1 *+,-! !&)#8# ) 1&*'.0% :+,6 / ,8+(-( -#&*1+( +! :&@, 1$(,6 (7I$'0'); M / -./A& +! 41(1 /C)"%4 *+,-, /

! 9!*10$!23&2 '#($7, +! *./'(17 (D<-

"0'); ="#!$).! "#)#(:! 1(#A,*1$( / )%2+; *+,-(8, *)+)8) .,*!8) (L'*(3(%&+304); M 1!.06 *+,-, ) !&)%4 G$,1, / ) 1(6 $,*+0 +!5!.( (2$;(4%(,). 9 -(B/00 XX ,. , !"0'0F'=G 3('*!3+*$G ,+*#!F$!; E,!*(,<1 G$#$3*!#0+*03< 0 -#0 (-0+$'00 /0;'!4 '!-()("=. @$-#0;!#, B(: 8,1,.72 8#*.7#4 / Y:) :(A:/ $,*,.(-( (9$+0%&!,); J!' 9! ('+(8 '#&A)1*/ !+"+4 *+,- (9$'I!'30'). 84

P!)<%C#'$C 503+$E0C E,!*$ , -(B/00 XVIII –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

F!,); =+,- B.)B+3, (#10#1,3 :$(, (H,$#"(,+304). 9 -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3! "%C -!#!"$F0 /,<3$ +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ 0+-(%&/<1*+C «/,<3(,=!»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

%=4); [( ,&1)!. – @.>.] 8(#(9+(, (&"+& !"&8' (D<"0'); F 5N#+(6 8!*',, 1$()8 $,*1+)'(8 / B#(%(A& $ !"&8#$#4 !$+!3 (L'"#!!,). @$0.(%!! <-(*#!.0*!%&'=;0 )%$)(%$;0 , "$''=G 3('*!3+*$G C,%C1*+C +%(,$ + (.(.Q!''=;, '!4*#$%&'=; /'$F!'0!;, -!#!"$1Q0; I<; '!-()("=: B*( +%(,$ $017 (9!$017), -&:,17 (9!-&:,17), @&8,17. @$-#0;!#, T.;&*' "(.+(5+!/ $72-! ( !*); F(1 $,5,#: $72-! $#&3 (L.2. :!4); =.&@!6, '!' $#&3 "&#-! (V$%&;('*); >.1+3 8,1,.7 ) 8+(A)1 $ *,#:G, -+N1 /

,$0".!'!++0% *.N9… (?(G,0E3$C); >.1&*' 9,8./

(1 8(#(9! ) $72- (V$)#0E304); F72-! $ 1#&>!% (>-(#,.0% / J'8.1&*' & :(#((H,$#"(,+304);

!: -(#!8) 8,1,.7 -'$%$'*' (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304). @$#C"< +

B*0;0 !"0'0E$;0 , -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3! #<.!A$ XIX – XX ,,. 0 -(/"'!! -(C,%C1*+C )%$)(%= + .(%!! 3('3#!*'=; /'$F!'0!;, ,(++(/"$1Q0! /,<3(,=! (**!'30 ;!*!%0: *'#)",17, *$)*1,17, 9$,+,17. @$-#0;!#, F72-! !6)+(+3 9!*.(+'(6, / T,#+)1 *!A,6 -(#@') (N%1!,); R,",#7 8,1,.7 / F($*2 !$+!3+3 $ D/9!+) (J+!'0'); F72-! !$+!3&*' $ .,*&, +, *8(.'!/ (V$%&;('*); J(-:! 9! ('+!8) $72-! !$+H&3 (>!A0#(,) 0 "#. 2#!"0 0;!' +, )9 *1#!+, / <:, $,5+06 *+,- ) $#4 8,1,.) (V%(3);

!: B.;#; 9!>01(6 8,1,.) (V$%&;('*); D,9!. &@) / F

:$! "!.7G! !$+!3 8,1,.) "#(:&$+(6 (D<"0'); R!' "(: B.; 8,1,.7+(6 +,"(-(:0 / $,*,.)8*/ 1#(, ) (:+! (N0#0%%(,); F,#+)*7 +! 41(1 :,1*')6 ".!5, / ?$,+/3)6 $#&; $72- (W$%$;(,). N ;!'!! #$+-#(+*#$'!''=; +<.+*$'*0,$;, ,(++(/"$1Q0; ;!*!%&'=4 I<;, (*'(+C*+C +%(,$ 9!$0$!+7,, -&., 9$(+, 3(*(#=! +*$%0 0+-(%&/(,$*&+C , -(B/00 + XIX ,. @$-#0;!#: M.) >&#) -'$%$'"D&; / R0, 8(6 :#&-, &1(8.,+! (L.2. :
9!$0$!+7,, -&. 0 9$(+ '$/=,$1* /,<3 (-#!"!%!''(4 ,=+(*=: '0/30! (-&.), ,=+(30! (9!$0$!+7,, 9$(+). H()"$ 3$3 +%(,$ @&8, $(6, *$)*1 C,%C1*+C (.(.Q!''=;0 '$0;!'(,$'0C;0 /,<3(, ;!*!%0 , .$/(,(; 5('"! C/=3$. V(%&I<1 F$+*(*'(+*& ;= *$3A! +,C/=,$!; + *!;, F*( (-0+$'0! ;!*!%0 , (.#$/! A0,()( +&:).! $:#&- (+! [:!+'C. –

.H.] / B#( +!@& *1,"7, "#( 8.*6+& 8,1,.) (X(;C3(,); =1!#06 :#&- / H(-

#(9($ ) *+,-($ ) 8#*#!+!3%0 $72- (Z/=3(,). @$F0'$C + #!$%0+*0F!+3(4 -(B/00 3('E$ XIX ,. 0 '$ -#(*CA!'00 ,+!)( XX ,. , -(B*0F!+3(4 #!F0 0+-(%&/<1*+C -#0%$)$*!%&'=! @&8+06, 9$(+')6. @$-#0;!#, ?!-&:,.! $72-! B.;"', (D#(AA0'); (V%(3);

,1 8(,6 9!$):+,6 :(.) – <…> / B(: -$#"6#4 $72-(6 &8,#,17

, './+) 10 B.;"%& 8,1,.)! (P<.E(,). D<;$!*+C, F*( ;!'&I$C #$+-

-#(+*#$'!''(+*& 0;!' -#0%$)$*!%&'=G 3(;-!'+0#,A)1 (7)$#!,); '!",.) +!",$0 (D!;!'*&!,); "(N1 '!",.7 (>$#*='(,); 8(1)$ '!",.) (N#$+'(,). A*'2"#!3D / !.0#!3D. D$''=4 -#0/'$3 -(C,%C!*+C , -(B/00 + '$F$%$ XX ,. -#0 (-0+$'00 *$1Q!)( +'!)$. K/,!+*'(, F*( , -#(E!++! *$C'0C +'!) +*$'(,0*+C ,%$A'=;. 9 -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3! B*(* -#0/'$3 -(3#(,$ ,=#$A$!*+C -#0 -(;(Q0 +%(,, "!'(*$*0,'( +,C/$''=G + A0"3(+*&1. M% [6%=.= /!;%0. – 88

.H] $!(#+* $,*,++)6 *+,- (V#1+(,); J!' (1#!:+( $ *+,A+(6 2+2& / C1",5!10$!17 *.,:0! (Y$#(,); F,*+! *8,/.!*7, $!(&"+$ *+,-& * *(.+G,8 (:$+*!#'$3); B#(*1( "(1,".,+7,. / J!",.7. =&-#(> )'!6+!B+4. K,:(%(: (6#0.$F!,). :#0 (-0+$'00 ,+!G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$ -(B*= G$#$3*!#0/<1* +*!-!'& !)( ,%$A'(+*0. H$3, , ,(++(/"$'00 +'!)(-$"$ 0 +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ ,+*#!F$1*+C G$#$3*!#0+*030 *&%(6 0 $.!A+06, , G<"(A!+*,!''(4 3('E!-*<$%0/$E00 ;!*!%0 0 *$C'0C +'!)$ ,+*#!*0%+C *(%&3( -#0/'$3 ‘,%$A'=4’. 7-0+$'0! +, ) +,9!8,1+(, / T1( +! +)% !.0#4 *+,A(' (H,$#"(,+304); P $ L&:!",@1, <…> / Q#6)%4 *+,- (N<'C!,). 9 ,(++(/"$'00 -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$ , -(B/00 XX ,. -#!(.%$"$!* (-#!"!%!'0! *&%(6: B!:!. #,:')6 !.0#"D6+4 *+,A(' (L+!!,); T1(>0 ",#$06 / !.0#4 *+,A(' / 8()% 3N' +, 3,'(1!., / +, AN- (L+!!,); F*2 9)8& A:!.) * +,>! / Q(17 -(#*17 !.0#8# *+,-! (>!A0#(,); M ;#6)%4 5N#+06 *+,-, $!.)$@)6 * ;,$#!./ (L'*(3(%&+304). 9 -(B/00 + +!#!"0'= XIX ,. -#0 (-0+$'00 ;!*!%0 0+-(%&/<1*+C -#0%$)$*!%&'=! *0#(6, 8('#06. 9 -(B/00 XX ,. , (3#,*"(8(3+06 <…> / H+, *.0@)1*/ * #(:)+0 2+(, *.($(: / =$(>(:!! (7)$#!,); M .(A)1*/ +! @)+,.7 / = "&%(8 ;#6)', 8,1,.7… (H,$#"(,+304); R(1 ;#6)%4 $72A+06 *+,- (V!#))(%&E) 0 "#. 9 -(B/00 3('E$ XX ,. -#0 (-0+$'00 *$C'0C +'!)$ *(%&3( , ", 89

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– , ,(++(/"$'00 +'!)(-$"$ 0 *$C'0C +'!)$. 9 (-0+$'00 -$"$1Q!)( +'!)$ ,+*#!F$!*+C G$#$3*!#0+*030 .,-')6, 1/A,.06: B!:!. +! '(.,+) /

,1!23)6, 3,2C*%4 "#(5+06 *+,- (7I$'0');

K(A)1*/ +! #!**$,1, *C86+4 *+,- (L"$;(,0F); R!8 & 1,>/ +! '#0@& / "!:!,1 *C86+4 *+,- (?<3('0'); ?!*0"!.( *+,-(8 3,2C*%; (@(+(,). 9 0/(.#$A!'00 -(3#(,$ -#!(.%$"$!* G$#$3*!#0+*03$ 1/A,.06, 0;!1Q$C #$/%0F'=! +#!"+*,$ ,=#$A!'0C:

,:$)A+0 *(*+0 <…>

3,8/&"% )% $,1$) $*, / J.(-

'!8) *+,-! (L. : *+,- 3,2C*%4 .,- (L"$;(,0F); =(%!10, %(:/1, / #(-!8) *1&5!1, / $ 3,2C*#; *+,-& "( '(.,+( (N(#'0%(,); W1) /"(+') >0.) "(%(A) / +! .(1(*0, *+,-(8 3,2C*%; +!:.(8.,++0, (J,*!2 (V#1G(,!E304). K *(%&3( , ,(++(/"$'00 -!#,()( +'!)$ 0+-(%&/,9 *1(+!, / #3,2&*&$ $,*78!… (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304). 9 (-0+$'00 "$''()( -#0/'$3$ +'!)$ 5(#;0#<1*+C -(,*(#C1Q0!+C -(B*0F!+30! +(F!*$'0C 1/AN.06 *+,-, ,+*#!*0,I!!+C , -#(0/,!"!'0CG ?. 7I$'0'$ V. N(#'0%(,$, 9. V#1G(,!E3()( 0 "#. 0 *+,- 1/AN.06 (6. L"$;(,0F$, 2. N%=F3(,$, J. J,*
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

(-!, / B("#(>&6 ):1) / B,@'(8 (J+!'0'); E 8,+/ *,-(:+/ .0A) /

A,-".3 / F 5N#1($(8 *+,-& (Y$#(,); S(#(-) >#/+*'),, '!' "#,A:,, / @#*..3#(*&"% $ *+,-& (6#0.$F!,); @)#$'*+$',!D $ *&-#(>0 / C+ $*, >,A!., >,A!. (L+$"(,). :#!(.%$"$1Q0;0 +#!"+*,$;0 (-0+$'0C "$''()( -#0/'$3$ , -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,. C,%C1*+C -#0%$)$*!%&'(! -.&>(')6, +)+!, '$#!F0! -.&>('( (, +(F!*$'00 + -#!"%(A'(--$"!A'(4 5(#;(4 +,A!.) * -(# +! :(. 8*.7#6+& *+,-! (Z/=3(,); B(N8 ) *$)3,8, ) *1#,.(6 / K,1)8 +!: *+,A+(6 8*.7+"#4 (L. :
*+,-($ / F*1!21, 5,#+,/, "+) :,#,$ (?!#;('*(,);

( -:,-1( "(: *+,-(8, /

>*.7#6# "(: *+,-(8 (D<"0'); F(1 (+! – :08(8 9($N1 ) 1(+,1, / J!' 9,8./+'!, 8*.7#6# $ *+,-& (7I$'0'); >*.7#6+4 *+,-, +)57/ 9,8./ (L'*(3(%&+304). 2 +!#!"0'= XX ,. 0 "( !)( 3('E$ '$#C"< + I0#(3( <-(*#!.0*!%&'=;0 +%(,$;0 + 3(#'!; --.&>- ,+*#!F$1*+C 3('*!3+*=, , 3(*(#=G 0+-(%&/(,$'= 3(+,!''=! '$0;!'(,$'0C )%<.(3()( -(3#(,$ – +%(,$ 1(.3!, 1("7. @$-#0;!#, @#8*.72& – $ *+,-, / F 8,1,.7, $ *&-#(> –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– *+,- :( 8).1&4 ( (30'$); =+,-& "( /)&!*' (X(,$#*) 0 "#. 9 -(B/00 +!#!"0'= XX ,. B*(* +-(+(. (-0+$'0C )%<.0'= -(3#(,$ -(%#)#1 (:+(41!A+06 / :#,8.,1 $ *+,-& (# (#,! (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); =+,-! $#1#6'/6'; (# 8).1D (D<"0'). N#(;! B*()(, +#!"+*,$;0 (-0+$'0C )%<.0'= +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ + '$F$%$ XX ,. +%$'"!%&I*$;); =&-#(>0 $ !'2&"D (V$)#0E304); B('! >&#!+0 $ 92

:#,$+)% -(#+0% *'.!:'!% / =&-#(>0 ;&3)' $ 1#) +, +!8,1&1 (7I$'0'); S$,#7 $#,9!.!*7 $ *&-#(> +! (#*-')B+"' (:$+*!#'$3). K/(.#$A!'0! )%<.0'= *$1Q!)( +'!)$ ,+*#!*0%(+& , !"0'0F'=G 3('*!3+*$G XVIII ,. 0 XX ,. @$-#0;!#, >*.7#6+& *+,-! #!*1!/.) $( -#!:, (T<%3(,); F 1(1 A, 8)- C-(+7 >.,*+&. *).7+,,, / !5!. 1!/17 *+,- '#&-(8 8*.7#6+4 (V$%&;('*); H(1(# 9!-.(%, ) ".!8/ (1 -!9(6./ / D!*".!$).( ;&3)#$%& *+,-! (D<"0'). @*#3"#!3D / )%0*#!3D. 2 '$F$%$ XIX ,. , -(B*0F!+30G *!3+*$G #=G%(+*& +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ ,=#$A$!*+C -#0 -(;(Q0 -#C;=G '$0;!'(,$'04 ('$-#0;!#, -#0%$)$*!%&'=! #0%.06, %#&"')6, ".(1+06), $ *$3A! .%$)("$#C (+(.(;< 3('*!3+*<$%&'(;< (3# *+,-, *&-#(>. @$-#0;!#, B&17 1#&:+06 "#(:(.A!21 [N*(. –

.H.] /

H,A )%0*%0, *+,A+0% -(# (Y<3(,$); B( *+,-& 0).(6#;. 80 >,-!.) (:(%('+304); B(: (*#3"%; *+,-(8 (1:0%!,1 .&- (LG;$*(,$); L0. )%0*%; *+,(9$'I!'30'); <()&!!#$'" "( :(#(-, *+,- (6#0.$F!,); VN. / "( )%0*#;. *+,-& (9$+0%!'3(); KN: .) >.,*1)1 +! (*#3"#; *+,-& (W$%$;(,). K/(.#$A!'0! '!-%(*'()( +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ '$G("0; , +*0G(*,(#!'00 :.L. 9C/!;+3()( «:!#,=4 +'!)»: [7 .!)! +F$+*%0,E!,. –

.H.] L#!9:!8) #($+08) ()#)&-%$'-

&3 *+,- / M, /#')8 (>.!'(8 * 9,8.) ,-( $9$,$!/, / =#,>#)*1(6 "0.)2, ('):0$!,1 )%. 83$/$'0! '$ *(, F*( +'!) ,/,!,$!*+C + /!;%0 0 -#!,#$Q$!*+C , -=%&, "$!* ,(/;(A'(+*& +"!%$*& ,=,(" ( *(;, F*( (' -#!"+*$,%C!* +(.(4 #=G%<1 ;$++<. 9 -(B/00 XX ,. , (-0+$'0CG +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ 0+-(%&/<1*+C !;30! B-0*!*=, , 3(*(#=G '$#C"< + -#0/'$3(; #=G%(+*0 +'!)$ $3*<$%0/0#
)5'(8 .,A!.) +! 9,8.,. 2.%0A!'0! +'!)$ 0 -!+3$ (+'(,=,$!*+C '$

+G("+*,! 0G +*#<3*<#=: +=- / F(9., 93

1!+'! :$! 1!+')*1! / <#,21 +(-) "#( 9!"!*. 8 K.

('C3(,$ '$G("0; +(-(+-

*$,%!'0! +'!)$ + 3#<-(4 – 9).(/'3%4 *&#)'($*')6 *+,- ( ('C3(,). O-0*!*= 9,#+)*106 0 '#&"5!106 +(/"$1* /#0*!%&'=4 (.#$/ -(#0+*()( +'!)$. H$3(! +(+*(C'0! +'!) ;(A!* -#0(.#!*$*& *(%&3( -#0 (-#!"!%!''(4 +*!-!'0 ,%$A'(+*0 /!#'0+*=4 +'!) +(G#$'C!* (-#!"!%!''<1 5(#;<. D%C (.(/'$F!'0C 0/;!'!'0C +*#<3*<#= +'!)$ , ,!+!''!! ,#!;C )("$ -#0,%!3$!*+C B-0*!* "(#)*106:

!

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– L. L-
! $,1$/% )% )+,6 (.B+!3%4 +!$)* (:$94

'$!,); B(./ "('#0.)*/ (.B+!3%;+ *+,-!8) (X(;C3(,); O 9+!2 – "0@&3)6 :#!'(+ [R0;'04 -(!/". –

.H.], / F,*7 9!+,*N+ (.B+!3%; *+,-(8 (L''!'-

+304); @.B+!3%; *+,-(8 9!8,.( "(: '#0@& (D<"0'). :(+*!-!''( , -(B*0F!+3(; C/=3! '$F0'$1* 0+-(%&/(,$*&+C "#<)0! %!3+0F!+30! +#!"+*,$ "%C ,=#$A!'0C "$''()( +,(4+*,$ -(3#(,$. H$3, , -(B/00 #<.!A$ XIX – XX ,,. ,+*#!F$1*+C +%!"<1Q0! +(F!*$'0C: (.0#$#4 *+,A(' (2!%&,0'+304); *+,A+0, ;&0' (2!%&,0'+304); (&!N#$%4 *+,- (2!%&,0'+304); *&-#(>0 (.0#$%& (V%(3); =+,- $)*)1 '!' 7'0)#;' (>$'"!%&I*$;); I'(.1)+* '#0@) ",#$06 )+,6 (N0 <…> / B&@)*10, 6'6 +- $'3% (L+$"(,); *+,A+06 $#)#0 *)>)#*')% "(.,6 (R$.(%(E304). P$+I0#!'0! +0'*$);$*0F!+30G +,C/!4 +%(, *+,-, *+,A(', *&-#(> , -("(.'=G 3('*!3+*$G +,0"!*!%&+*,0 (V!%=4); #3(#*+)#$'""%4 +!*1 (2!%&,0'+304); M *+,- (*'(.'!8) 95

!3&6*' / J!9!.*/ ,6 (L'*(3(%&+304); ='$(97 !6#)*.(. *+,-! / B#('.,$0$!,1*/ "(:*+,A+)' (N(,$%!,). :(;0;( F$+*( '$/=,$!;=G -#0/'$3(, -(3#(,$ ("&@)*106 0 -.!:')6) , -(B/00 XX ,. -(C,%C1*+C '(,=! G$#$3*!#0+*030. 2#$,'!'0! ,!#G'!)( +%(C + '$A"$3(;, 3#$G;$%(; 0 "#. $3*<$%0/0#(8 – / U3, *&-#(>: / I'21'6 +!: +!A:!'(8 (K+$!,); 9)'0;'*D"%&, '!' "#(*10+) $ (1,.,, <…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– )9$).)*1 (:$+*!#'$3); = '#0@,2 $#($,+7 *&-#(> :08)1*/, / =.($+( -#(8!:! '#&1(6 $#*"%, / -(1($(6 (>#&@)17*/ ) #!9>)17*/ (903<%(,); H0 ) $ *+,A+(8 "(., – 8(#/'). / F,:7 *&-#(>0 *+,-! – 1, A, $#*"% (ZI0'); E ".,1+,6 – *&-#(>($ 8)&7"+ (>(#(/(,). 9 -(B/00 XX ,. (.M!3*$;0 +#$,'!'0C "%C (-0+$'0C 5(#;= +<)#(.$ +*$'(,C*+C: 1) F$+*0 *!%$ F!%(,!3$: ?,8./, "#):!$.,+! !*;!.71(8, 5!%.!, / =&-#(>(8 8#)7,!D (?0-30');

!8, "#(*1(;)./8, +,$:(8,', / T1( *+,- "' 7#6#$.G .,- (O#!'-

.<#)); =&-#(>0 – / '!' 6#*&"6+ (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); K,A)1 $ "(./%, '!' >&:1( *")1, / =+,-!8) 8#)7+3!, 9)8! (6#0.$F!,); =&-#(>0 $0-+&.) !(+"% (L+$"(,); =&-#(>($ $9:&$@),*/ /)&$' (>$I!,+304); Q.!6.*% *+,-! $ #!$+)+!% *1,",6 (K)'$*(,$); 2) A0,(*'=!: M 9!:&8!.*/ *1!#06 F.!:)8)# / F 7&*#96

8)+$%0 *&-#(>!%, / F %#&*1/3,6 *'$(9+(6 *,:)+, (D<"0'); F('#&- – *&-#(>($ >,.0, !3'1' (7#%(,); 3) #$/%0F'=! 3('3#!*'=! -#!";!*= ($#*!5$3*=): =+,-! – 7'*'0#"#; (9(/'!+!'+304); C+ $*, A 1!') #!9-#,> / 1(1 8)#7-*&-#(> (K+$!,); W1( 6*'$+B+ *+,-! $ (".0$@,8 / ($#!-, (H$#$+(,$); =&-#(> – 1(5+( !'0')' 6.! (N$.=I). V#);' + )'-;&) !"&2+"#6. 9 -(B/00 XIX ,. -#0 (-0+$'00 +'!)(-$"! -(C,%C!*+C <3$/$'0! '$ 5(#;< 0 #$/;!# +'!A0'(3. 9 -(B*0F!+30G *!3+*$G #!)<%C#'( ,+*#!F$!*+C (-0+$'0! -#,(L. :! (D(%;$*(,+304); J$C-1"%4 *,,1*/ *+,- (6#0.$F!,). K'"0,0"<$%&'(-$,*(#+30! (.#$/'=! G$#$3*!#0+*030 5(#;= +'!A0'(3 ,+*#!*0%0+& , -(B/00 XX ,. @$-#0;!#: C+ [+'!). – .H.] >0. (*'!3+"/'3%4 (J,*,.0% &2'3 (L+$"(,); [( +'!)!. – .H.] E&-"#4 ) 9$N9:+06! ( (30'$). 2 '$F$%$ XIX ,. , ,(++(/"$'00 #$/;!#$ +'!A0'(3 -#!(.%$"$!* (-0+$'0! 3#<-'()( +'!)$. N#(;! -(,*(#C1Q0G+C +(F!*$'04 ($!.)1(-*/) '.('!8), %.("7/ *+,-!) , (-0+$'00 .(%&I0G +'!A0'(3 )+06 (6#$G(,+304); @.0*%4 *+,A(' ) 8(#(9,G +,'#,"')6 / R(.7'( &'#!*).) +0+5, $,*+& (20#(*0'0'). 733$/0('$%&'(! +%(,( *+,A)3, , +(F!*$'00 + )%$)(%(; $!.)17 +(/"$1* (.#$/ )<+*()( +'!)(-$"$ + 3#<-'=;0 +'!A0'3$;0: P 9)8(6 / 1!'(6 !"&2+H& $!.)1 / >&:1( (+ – / +! :,*/17 9)8! 97

(P. P(A"!+*,!'+304). 8-(;0'$'0! ( ;!%3(; -$"$1Q!; +'!)! /$503+0#(,$'( , ("'(; 3('*!3+*!: B!:!. *+,- / R( 0*#(D,;+, / R( ;&*6+4 (ZI0'). N(%0F!+*,!''(! +((*'(I!'0! -(B*0F!+30G 3('*!3+*(, +,0"!*!%&+*,.!3#3'. D$''=4 -#0/'$3 +'!)$ , G<"(A!+*,!''=G *!3+*$G +((*'(+0*+C +( +'!)(-$"(;. 9 -(B/00 XIX ,. /$503+0#(,$' *(%&3( )<+*(4 +'!)(-$", *()"$ 3$3 , -(B/00 XX ,. , (-0+$'00 +'!)(-$"$ ,+*#!F$1*+C G$#$3*!#0+*030 ‘)<+*(4’, ‘#!"304’. L,*(#= 0+-(%&/<1* +%(,$ + 3(#'!; --&*1- 0 %!3+!;= *".(@+(6, #,:')6, (>).7+(, $ *$3A! (-#!"!%0*!%&'(! ;!+*(0;!'0! 1!'(6, 0+-(%&/(,$'0! 3(*(#()( $3E!'*0#! <…> / <3#*7#; "(1(') *+,-! (9$'I!'30'); =.,")1 8.!3%; *+,A'(8 (N "(+*0)$!*+C ,=+(3$C +*!-!'& ,=#$/0*!%&'(+*0 (.#$/$. @$-#0;!#, K,1/1 *+,A)+')-#1+"#/6+ (2,!*%(,); [2'!) –

.H.] M, #!;&*&$-

B+, 6)&("&3, / ='(.79/ * ()+3$#)"%; +"3&)&!#; / B( "(:$(#(1+/8 ) "( #,.7*!8 (:$+*!#'$3);

!: P'!:,8),6, / #!'3'"&$, / -#,%("!:,+),8 / "!:!,1

*+,- (9(/'!+!'+304). <6#)#!3D 1$+2&"+, !"&2+"#6. 9 -(B/00 3('E$ XIX ,. -(C,%C1*+C 3('*!3+*=, , 3(*(#=G -#0 (-0+$'00 -$"!'0C +'!)$ 0 ;!*!%0 )(,(#0*+C ( +3(#(+*0 ",0A!'0C +'!A0'(3. O*(* -#0/'$3 +'!)$ ,=#$A$!*+C +%(,$;0 8,:.,+98

+(, 8,:.)1,.7+(, +,*",@+(, 3(*(#=! (.(/'$F$1* +3(#(+*& ",0A!'0C *(%&3( + ("'(4 -(/0E00. @$-#0;!#, [( +'!)!. –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–

.H.], *+,-!8) 3+0# $,23!/, / "(:!#) 8+, .N-')6 *+,- (V%(3);

=+,A+!/ 9!8/17 '#&1)1 7#46# (J+!'0'); <:, 8(/ #!:(*17? / F*N &'!1).(*7 "(: $)%#,8 7#46+; (J+!'0'); ?! ('+!8) 8,1,.7 8,.! 2&!3#6# (L%0)!#); J!' !+*D"# $72A)1! (LG;$"<%0'$); <*'7', 8,1,.7… (2$;(4%(,) 0 "#. :#0/'$3 ‘6#*6#!3D / ;,86#!3D’ ,+*#!F$!*+C -#0 0/(.#$A!'00 +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ 0 ;!*!%0. H$3, , (-0+$'00 +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ B*(* -#0/'$3 +'!)$ -(%.9. ?(;('(+(,$ +%(,( *+,- 0;!!* -#0 +!.! (-#!"!%!'0! 8/-')6. R$*!; G$#$3*!#0+*03$ +'!)$ -( B*(;< -#0/'$3< -(C,%C!*+C *(%&3( , -(B/00 XX ,.: R$() *+,-! >,.,6 ) ;,8/& $!10 [R0;$ , P(++00. –

.H.] (9$'I!'30'). 7"'$3( -#!(.%$"$!* 0/(-

.#$A!'0! 3(%3(+*0 -(3#(,$: M B&@')+ "!:!,1 $ -(.&>($!106 / 9#*G/+4 *+,- (V$)#0E304);

!>).*/ $ .!"') 6#*6+4 *+,- (K+$3(,+304);

! )98(#(9)

6#*6#4 :( "(#0 / K,A!17 +! %$(, *,#,>#)*1(-*)+,6 (2<#3(,);

! %#&*1!.7-

+06, 2C!36+4 *+,- / L#09+&1 '!".) *('! (W$%$;(,). K'*!#!+'(, F*( -#0 0/(.#$A!'00 ;!*!%0 -#0/'$3 3(%3(+*0 +'!)$ , -(B/00 XIX ,. /$503+0#(,$' *(%&3( , -#(0/,!"!'00 L.

!*$: = +!-)% "(.,6 .,-

1)1 6#*G/+4 *+,-, / <(+)806 #!++,6, >&6+(2 8,1,.72 ( !*); ?)8! +,A:!++( +!>,A)1 / M :&+($,+), 8,1,.) / 9#*G/+; *+,-(8 9!'#&A)1 ( !*). 9 -(B/00 XX ,. <3$/$'0! '$ 3(%3(+*& +'!)$ , ;!*!%&'<1 -()("< *$3A! (.'$#
99

'( , !"0'+*,!''(; 3('*!3+*!, -#0 0/(.#$A!'00 ",0A!'0C F!%(,!3$ -( +'!A'(4 "(#()!: F,1,# 1#)#2"%4 *+,A)+'!8) 6#*&3!, (7I$'0'). K&;(&)'3.)'. 9 -(B/00 XIX ,. , (-0+$'00 -(3#(,$, ;!*!%0 0 *$C'0C (, ("'(; +%
, (:+& *.,9& )9 -.!9 /

/ F *+,- 0#*#1"%4 &#(+). (7)$#!,), 0#*#1"%4 *+,- '#&-(8 (Z3<.(,0F); J 1,>, $,*+! ):N1; 0#*#1"%4 1!,1 *+,- (Y!;F
,:(*1&"+0 0*'1"%;

$72-!8, / ?)80 5&:,*+0, G$,10 (:$,%(,$); M +!: )9>(2 0#*#1"', / *+,A+!/ $72-! -&:)1 (D#(AA0'). 9 -(B/00 XX ,. ,+*#!*0%0+& 3('*!3+*= +( +%(,(; *+,- 0 + "#<)0;0 3(;-('!'*$;0 "!'(*$*0,'()( 3%$++$ – *&-#(>, $)%#7, 8,1,.7+06, 3(*(#=! +(F!*$1*+C +( +%(,$;0 %(.(:+06, %(.(:, *1&A!. @$-#0;!#, F",#,:) – *&-#(> %(.(:+06 (V%(3); B( "(/* – / %(.(:+(-( *+,-! $ '2$,1, (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304);

(, %(.(:+0, $)%#) '#&1/, / +! 5,#1, (-+,$(-( 9!'!1! /

+!5,#1!.! / M8/ (V%(3); F *1&A, 8,1,.7+(6 / C+ [V%(3. – .H.] >,*"#,:,.7+( / F,#). $ #&**')6 +!#(: (L'*(3(%&+304). K'*!#!+'(, F*( B;(E0('$%&'$C (E!'3$ "$''()( -#0/'$3$ +'!)$ 3$3 C,%!'0C -#0#("= -(%C#'$. :(3$A!; '$ -#0;!#$G 0/ *,(#F!+*,$ @. 6<;0%!,$ 0 9. V#1+(,$. 6<;0%!, ,,("0* , .%0A$4I!! 3('*!3+*'(! (3# / W1( #&**')6 100

9!"!% *+,-!; W1(1 *+,-, 51( 1!' *)+,,1, / J!' +)-:, ) +)'(-:!, / C1 '(1(#(-( "7/+,,1 / =,#:G, #!9 ) +!$*,-:! (D(' L;0'$"(). K*$3, $'$%0/ ;$*!#0$%$ -(3$/$%, F*( -#0 (-0+$'00 #$/'=G +(+*(C'04 +'!)$ (-$"!'0!, -(3#(,, ",0A!'0! -(" "!4+*,0!; ,!*#$, *$C'0!) , -(B/00 XVIII – XX ,,. 3('E!-*<$%&'=! -#0/'$30 -(%
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‘'! 0+F!/$*&’. @$-#0;!#, $!&81'B"+& *+,-! (?(;('(+(,), 7&!!;&)3"%& *+,-! (V#1+(,), $&/"%4 *+,- (:(%('+304, 9!'!,0*0'(,, X(;C3(,, :!#!,$%(,, V$%&;('*, 6<;0%!,, V#1+(,, V%(3). 83$/$'0! '$ -#("(%A0*!%&'(+*& ;!*!%0 -(C,%C!*+C , -(B/00 '$ #<.!A! XIX – XX ,,. :#0 B*(; , (-0+$'00 , .(%&I!4 ;!#! -#!"+*$,%!'$ G$#$3*!#0+*03$ ‘"(%)04’, -(%,.0, 8,1,.) (6<;0%!,); L#*8# >&:,1 8,1,.7 >,9:(#(A)17 (:(-%$,+304); C>I/17/ "#(1/+&$ / M9 $72-) ;"#8#1"&4, / =1&5!.*/ $ $,5+(*17 1&; / #&'!8) "#,)*"(:+,6 (:$+*!#102

'$3);

(57 9!"(./#+!/ $72A)1 (#*8#1' (?<3('0'); F72-! "#/+ + 1"+ (T!-

-<#'=G). 7-0+$'0! /0;'!4 '!-()("= ,( ,#!;!''(; -%$'! C,%C!*+C '$0.(%!! "!*$%0/0#(,$''=;. H$3, , -(B/00 XX ,. (*'(+0*!%&'( "%0*!%&'(+*0 ;!*!%0 (*#$A$1*+C 5$/= -#(*!3$'0C +'!A'(4 '!-()("= ('$F$%( 0 3('!E) -(+#!"+*,(; +%(, #$/%0F'(4 )#$;;$*0F!+3(4 -#0#("=. @$-#0;!#,

6#"/+*'!D 8,-

1,.7 (V!%=4); P 9! ('+!8) "'/+"'&3!, $72A)G! (>$#*='(,);

( / .2>)-

1,.7 *1!#0% 1("(.,6, / J(1(#0, :( (&)$#4 9)8+,6 $72-) / B01!21*/ +, *>#!*0$!17 * $,1$,6 <…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… (K+$3(,+304). :#0 B*(; G$#$3*!#0+*03$ E03%0F'(+*0 ;!*!%0 ;(A!* ,=+*<-$*& , 3$F!+*,! +$;(+*(C*!%&'()( (.M!3*$ (-0+$'0C 0%0 ,3%1F$*&+C , 3$#*0'< 0/(.#$A!'0C "#<)0G #!$%04. H$3, , +*0G(*,(#!'00 9. W$%$;(,$ E03%0F'(+*& ;!*!%0 $++(E00#
103

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

! 1$()% #,*+)G!% / 1!,1 (&)$%4

*+,-… (P. P(A"!+*,!'+304); ='#(8+( 1!21 (&)$%& *+,A)+') / B(: '($!+08 *(.:!1*')8 '!>.&'(8 (9$'I!'30'). 2 XIX ,. , (-0+$'00 +'!)(-$"$, +'!A'()( -(3#(,$ 0 ;!*!%0 503+0#!A0#(,); F5,#! $&!D 1&"D *+,A(' *.,1!., '(5&/ (?<3('0'); K(A)1*/ "' )'!!$&3& .N-')6 *+,- (L"$;(,0F); < $&/&)' "(@N. 1!'(6 *+,A(' (D(%;$*(,+304); VN. "#/DG *+,- -&*1(6 ) >,.06 (H,$#"(,+304); ;!104

*!%& –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– , -#(0/,!"!'0CG @. 6#0.$F!,$ 0 ?. 7I$'0'$, +;. -#0;!#= +((*,!*+*,!''(: R,8+!/ 9,8./ $):+! "($*2:& / U3)&""&4 8,1,.) $("#,') 0 R!' A, $).*/ $&/&)"+4 *+,A('. 9 -(B*0F!+30G 3('*!3+*$G XX ,., (-0+=,$1Q0G ,#!;C -#(*!3$'0C +'!)(-$"$, ;!*!%0 0 *$C'0C +'!)$ <-(*#!.%C1*+C '$/,$'0C ;!+CE!, 0 /0;'0G -#$/"'03(, 0 -#(0/,("'=! (* '0G (*'(+0*!%&'=! -#0%$)$*!%&'=!. :(C,%!'0! B*0G +%(, , .%0A$4I!; (3# +,0"!*!%&+*,
( *( *+,-(8

;')3' / =1!/. *.,: $#!-! (V#1+(,); J!'!/ *1#!++!/ +,-! / F #!++)% *&8,#'!% &1#!, / F 1!/+7, $&B"&8# *+,-! (6<;0%!,); S( *$):!+7/, *&-#(>)' $&B"+4 (9(/'!+!'+304); <…> $ 1,8+06 :,+7 #!&""+0 $72- (H#0%<''=4); B!8/1+08 8+, >&:,1 8,*/G $72A+06, / *,$,#+06 $*1#,$(A,++06 R&$)'*D (LG;$*(,$); =10+&17 "(: %.("7/8) #!++,6 #63,7)D!6#4 8,1,.)... (L'"#!!,); J!' "(*., ;')3#$!6+0 8,1,.,6 <…> / F:#&- "(#(9($,.) / B(-$,#>+(8 >,#,9+/') (H,$#"(,+304);

, +!$*,-:!, +, +!$*,-:! / R$() R&$)'*D!6+& 8,1,.) (>$I!,+304);

M 9!",.) >(6G0 ( *$(,6 :(#(-(6, / J!' "#(3!.)*7-'./.)*7 "(: 6)&H&"!6#4 "&#-(6 (L'*(3(%&+304); =#,:7 $72- "#(%(:)1 E#21&!3$# (:$+*!#'$3). @)#!3)'"!3$#. 9 (-0+$'00 /0;'0G -!4/$A!4 , #<++3(4 -(B/00 /'$F0*!%&'<1 F$+*& /$'0;$!* 0/(.#$A!'0! *!##0*(#00 #$+-#(+*#$'!'0C +'!)$ 0%0 3('3#!*'=G -#!";!*(,, 3(*(#=! -(",!#)$1*+C !)( ,(/"!4+*,01. P!)<%C#'=; 105

C,%C!*+C <3$/$'0! '$ ;!+*( #$+-(%(A!'0C +'!A'(4 ;$++= 0 ;!+*( -#(*!3$'0C ;!*!%0, )(#$/"( #!A! (-0+=,$!*+C ;!+*( +'!)(-$"$ 0 *$C'0C +'!)$. K/(.#$A!'0! ;!+*$ -#(*!3$'0C +'!)(-$"$ (+ *+,- / Q(5,1 $!G -&;*G #($+/17 (V#1+(,); P -:,-1( %#&"')6, #!*1,#/++06 –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«@! #$/ . P<++3$C "
.H.], ('$ <*(-$!* 0 #$+*,(#C!*+C , B*(4 '!(.MC*'(+*0» [V!#"C!,

1997, +. 279]. 6.D. 6$F!,, G$#$3*!#0/
L'$%0/ 3('*!3+*(, -(/,(%0% ,=C,0*& 3#<) 3(;-('!'*(, DN <+'!)>, , *+,A+06, *+,-($(6, 9!*+,A,++06, (*+,A,++06, 9!"(#(@,++06. L'$%0/ 3('*!3+*<$%&'()( (3#(- / B('#(,1 -&;*G $*2 *+,-!8) (D!#A$,0') 0 "#. 9 #<++3(4 -(B/00 "( 3('E$ XX ,. (-0+=,$1*+C /$+'!A!''=! ;$+I*$.'=! *!##0*(#00. @$-#0;!#, <…> *+,- (#*, "('#(,1 (N. L3+$3(,); *+,- $ (#*,0 .,A)1 (?!#;('*(,); R(.7'( !3&(D-1( "(: *+,-(8 @)#('!/ (7)$#!,); 9!+,* (P(/!')!4;);

, $):!17 1#)#8+,– / =+,- ,,

! *+,-!%, $ !3&(,0 >,9.2:+0%, / =(+ :#&9,6 ,-( -.&>('…

(V#1+(,); U3, "(*.,:+)6 *+,- $ 1#*+"& 8-.)*1(6 /

! *$,1.06 .)' $,*+0

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
$!/ (L. :%!Q!!,, L. >$43(,, L. Y$#(,, 9. @$.(3(,); *+,A+!/ #!$+)+! (K. :$'$!,, L. Y!;F. D<"0' 0 "#.); *+,A+0, "(./+0 (J. L%0-$'(,, @. 7)$#!,, N.

(5$'(, 0 "#.); *+,A+!/ *1,"7 (:. W<;$G!#, @. 7)$#!,,

?. L'"#!!,, L. W(#(G(, 0 "#.). :!#!F0+%!''=! -(,*(#C1Q0!+C -(B*0F!+30! +(F!*$'0C #$/%0F$1*+C F$+*(*(4 <-(*#!.%!'0C. @!3(*(#=! 0/ '0G ,+*#!F$1*+C , -(B/00 #!)<%C#'( "( 3('E$ XX ,. (*+,A+(, "(.,, *+,A+!/ *1,"7), "#<)0! .(%!! F$+*(*'= , -#(0/,!"!'0CG -(B*(, XIX –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

>%! %&'(, !,-.1 ( '"2+ !'"# (8.2".#); ? +$"5$%@ !'"5'.@ !8 %&'() / !(81%! (3.0+.-'%.). 9 +%!0:'$+%' ;!<+!% 04='>. XIX – XX %%., % ;'0)!( ;!)$*. #!%?7 @!0" %?0.>'#)A, ;!A%BAC+$A #.)"'#!%.#)A, !=!D#.:.CE)' !/0!"#?' +'00)+!0)), :+! !+0.>.'+ B.#(-.@+#4C !$!='##!$+F #.-'2 $+0.#?: *-+!/+-, -%9$+1A", &(-A, #1%$A. 8.;0)"'0, +!'"5"''%8 -#(. 9% +,'%)( (G7".+!%.); !'"#+ +7 /"0 !0" (&'B?2); !'"#+ +" "#%-0(.& (H$'#)#); !'"5'%8 1*". (H$'#)#); !'"5'%8 2(#-. (&.BF"!#+, H$'#)#). I.##?' $!:'+.#)A 0'/4BA0#! )$;!BFD4C+$A .%+!0.") % +':'#)' %$'/! XX %.: 1*". !'"5'%8 (8.=!*!%); 9%*+-+&"''." -#(* (9.#-'#*)#); -#(.

!'"#< (J.$+'0#.*); /"0 !0" !'"#+ +7 ( 4*!-

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«4:.$+*!%» D'"#!2 ;!%'07#!$+) ;'0'(.+F ='$*!#':#!$+F, ='D=0'>#!$+F D.$#'>'##!/! ;0!$+0.#$+%., *!+!0!' $;!$!='# !7%.+)+F %D/BA(. 9 !;)$.#)A7 $#'/. !$!=!' "'$+! D.#)".C+ !=0.D? !'"5'+#+ *'#)' $#'>#!2 (!0!/) ='0'+ $%!' #.:.B! % ;!
*)#); 90"02* *+,-./. *+-+&"7 (I4()#); E%& !'"#+ +7 /8!. (G#(0''%); /8!. *+$ !'"#+) (&./0)1*)2); !'"5'." !"0/3 (5.0+?#!%); H '"/ *+$ !'"#%)( -0"02* $+)+7 (O%'+*!%); I"5$< /") <2(-%1%!A -0"02# / ? #+1<2." !'"#% F+,-+ % (&.+40)#.). MA( $!:'+.#)2 ;0)!=0'+.C+ ;0)D#.*) ;!%+!0ACE)7$A: #.;0)"'0, $)#+./". $+-+#%

!'"#< %$+0'+)B.$F % +'*$+.7 8. L0)=.:'%.,

. ,-.#)#., !'"# $+-+# – % ;0!)D%'('#)A7 H.

4/!%$*!/!, 5. I4()#., .

!'"5'%8 $+-+#% – % +%!0:'$+%' 9. 340!:*)#., K. I0!>>)#., P. &./0)1*!/!. 9 1'B!" !=0.D $#'>#!2 (!0!/) % =!BF-'2 $+';'#) 7.0.*+'0'# (BA ;!#!, <+! $%AD.#! $ )$+!0):'$*!2 $4(F=!2 #.-'2 $+0.#?. ND"'#'#)A "#!/!%'*!%!/! 4*B.(. >)D#) ;0)%'B) BC('2 * ;!+'0' (47!%#!/! ;4+), %#4+0'##'/! $+'0>#A, :+! % ;!'##!2 (!0!/), $!D(.CE'2 +04(#!$+) % ;'0'(%)>'#)) :'B!%'*.. 9 ;!
(9)+-+9(, / 0(9%8 / $+-

-+5"'A,% -+!!(7!,%8, / J+ #1%$,%8, / J+ /'##?' /!0? % 04$$*!2 ;! !'"5'.7, !'"#+ +7, !'"# % $!:'+.#)) $ )"'#!%.#)A") %!D%?-'##!$+'2 ( "-&('%, #+-%, @+1), @-"2"/ ) ;!(.). 8.;0)"'0, E%$ 9"1;'.)( $+1%)( / B1"4
!('(@ '"2"!%@ !'"#á 5&"1*$ !(86/ (3!DB!%); =-"1(!A 20" ;"&
!'"#+) (M?B''%); B"1"6/ +/ !'"#+ <#-6).@ 20" 5&"1*$3 (G. J4-*)#) ) (0. R."'+)", :+! !=0.D $#'>#?7 /!0 $+.#!%)+$A +0.()1)!##?" (BA 04$$*!2 ;! / 0'"#+) *+,-./+" /")8 (S'+); 5&"1*$ '"9.21").@ !'"#% (J!B!#$*)2); , !'"#%) '"$+!/<*'.@ 5&"1*$ ( !7%)1*.A); =<2>%/.7 ;"&<&!, +9(-%8!A '% )+-", / =% '()( 2"1""/, 110

!'"#%@ *+#-"2"' (&0C$!%); F+9%$( – 20"3, 2"1.7 &;1, !'"#% (G#(0''%); ?"/-+ ( !'"#+ !/+-+5% [, /!0.7. – E.I.] (,-.#)#); N ,%6/, / B1"4
20"#; !'"#% ! "--

'"2" #+1<2+) (&0.4#); 0+-+, *8/A ,(1+)"/-+

7#(, / H '%

,%5$+7 – !'"#% "-@+) (L0)=.:'%). M.$;0!$+0.#'##!$+F !=0.D. D.$#'>'##?7 /!0#?7 %'0-)# ;!%B'*B. D. $!=!2 @!0")0!%.#)' $B'(4CE)7 4$+!2:)%?7 ;!<+):'$*)7 $!:'+.#)2: !'"5'." #+-. (G. T4*!%., H. M!$+!;:)#., H. GB);.#!%, G. J4-*)#, 5.

'0"!#-

+!%, P. L4='0, 9. K!B!%F'%, 8. &0.4#, 3. 9%'('#$*)2 ) (0.); !'"5'." "-&('. (9. M.'%$*)2, 8. UD?*!%, G. 6!B$+!2, G. 5.2*!%, 8. &0.4# ) (0.). 9 #'*!+!0?7 $B4:.A7 ;0) )D!=0.>'#)) /!0#?7 %'0-)# .%+!0? %"'$+! !=E)7 #.)"'#!%.#)2 (#+-., @+1)., @-"2/., "-&('.) 4*.D?%.C+ #.D%.#)A *!#*0'+#?7 /!0. 8.;0)"'0, % ;!-20"# !/%;/ <…> / *+,-./%8 !'"#%)( (J!(!B)#$*)2); E( $(,(@ #+- ?5&@A#"** !'"#% ( '0"!#+!%); H B(./3 $ (#%1(!A *+$ ">'.)( !'"#%)( (9'#'%)+)#!%); B(./3 !'"5'." #18$8/ (6C+:'%); E% !'"5'." "-&('. 15&- 7*; !,%1 ( '0"!#+!%); % 0'.B)$+):'$*!2 ;! / ">'.) !'"#+) *+,-./. +'"! (J!B!#$*)2); ? !'"#%@, #+-84(7 ,%, %1)%9, / 0"$+7 '"9.21").7 =#57#% ( '0"!#+!%); F+$ '() =#%<&7, ,%, #-%'A %1)%9%, / 0'"#%)( ">'.)( !(81 ( '0"!#+!%); H ,%, !"-"2-(/!8 '% B(./#; FA")+'/% / ? 1%9<-( *+,-+ !'"#+ +7 (8.($!#). 9 ;!
!'"#, / K <-

#1% .) +21+),+) ,-(!/%11% / ? ,+'" 9%#+-%1!8 =#%<&7 (R.=!B!1*)2); E+ .7 #+$ !*-% 18"/ '+ +!"1A" / D#!3"-9#2

!'"#< ( +21%,%@ ( 4/!%$*!2); 7#57#% 7*&

9%!'"5"''." #+-. (9.#-'#*)#); !'"5'+" *1%/+ E#'*"# (G#+!*!BF$*)2); !'"5'." #+-. E#'*"# ( 4*!#)#); !'"5'.7 B"#"#! (G#+!*!BF$*)2) ) (0. 9 ;!
!'"#%@ '+><6/ 2<-%'. ( . R."A+#)#). ,+-

"'+)", :+! #. %$'7 <+.;.7 0.D%)+)A ;!#! !=QA$#)+F $B'(4CE)") @.*+!0."): %!-;'0%?7, $."?" 0.$;0!$+0.#'##?" *40!0+!" $0'() 04$$*!2 )#+'BB)/'#1)) =?B ) !$+.'+$A 3.%111

*.D; %!-%+!0?7, % XIX %. )"'##! +." #.7!()B) ;!*!2 ) 4'()#'#)' ;!<+?0!".#+)*). R.B!>'##?' )") +0.()1)) %!$;'%.#)A 3.%*.D$*)7 /!0 $!70.#)B)$F % 04$$*!2 B)+'0.+40' (! *!#1. XX %. F# !&$*). K0'() 0.DB):#?7 !=Q'*+!% ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+), ;!*0?+?7 $#'/!", %#)".#)' .%+!0!% ;0)%B'*.C+ +.*>' 0.$+'#)A. K XVIII %. % 04$$*!2 ;!'##!/! B'$. ) $.(.. 8.;0)"'0, H !" "-'.@ !/-%'%@

!'"#< 9"1;'.7 #- ( !"!#!$!%); H <,1+'(1(!8 *+$ !'"#+) !" (& #

(J!;!%$*)2); H !'"# 1<#% ( (& 9 "9$>%/.7 +2"1(/ (I'BF%)/); #% );-9'"/ #- (V4".7'0); Q%, !;

!<#-+2%@ !'"-

!'"#< <…> / F+,-.1 +' #-, *+ (! '%

"/ 8@ "1(, 9%';! ,-.1AC+ (T'":4>#)*!%). ,=0.D D.$#'>'##!/! $.(. %$+0':.'+$A % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 04='>. XIX – XX %%.: G#- !'"#< (S!@.#!%); H #- !<#-+2%)( 9%-+! (&'B?2); ?"$A , '+>( -%''(" )"/"1( / P5 !'"#+) 9%)"/%1( #- (G(."!%):). 60.()1)!##?2 @!BF*B!0#?2 !=0.D $.(. A%BA'+$A, ;! D."':.#)C K.N. K'B)%.#!%!2, «;0'("'+!" )$*BC:)+'BF#! <$+'+):'$*)"» [K'B)%.#!%. 2008, $. 181]. J!%+!0A'"!$+F (.##!/! !=0.D. % +%!0:'$+%' ;!<+!% 04='>. XIX –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– $#'>#!2 :.E), 0!E), +4#(0?. 8.;0)"'0, !'"5'.7 (& (5.0+?#!%, H%+4-'#*!); +!'"5"''.7 (& (I4()#); 9%!'"5"''.7 (& (G$.(!%, I4()#, K%'+B!%); 9%!'"5"''.7 (& 07 (I4()#); !'"#+) *"-"!.*%' (& (L0)=.:'%); (& # *+$ !'"#+) (9.#-'#*)#); ?!8

!'"#< !#@2# (&.0*!%.); I. *1. ") *+ !'"5'+7

112

!8$-"& (3)0)BB!%); 0'"#%, !'"#%, / ?!8

!'"#< !#@2# (&.0*!%.); !'"5'%8

"0H*A# (G$.(!%). J!")"! "#!>'$+%. ('0'%F'%, 0.$+4E)7 #. !;0'('B'##!2 +'00)+!0)), % ;!'##?' 0.$+'#)A (('0'%FA, 1%'+?, *4$+.0#)*)), $!$+.% *!+!0?7 ;!;!B#A'+$A ;!$+';'##!. IBA B)+'0.+40? XVIII %., ;'0)!(. 0.$1%'+. *B.$$)1)D"., =?B! 7.0.*+'0#! )D!=0.>'#)' ".$-+.=#?7 +'00)+!0)2. 9!D"!>#!, % $%AD) $ <+)" % ;!'##?7 0.$+'#)2 .%+!0? )$;!BFD4C+ *.* !=!=E'##?' #.)"'#!%.#)A (/-% %, $"-" +), +.* ) #.D%.#)A *!#*0'+#?7 @)+!#)"!% (/%1A'(,, ,"$-, !+!'%). 8.;0)"'0, !'"5+, '%$ );-91+6 !"#50@ (KB4:'%$*)2); 9"&5# ,<-5%, [N#'2, ().B. – E.I.] ! !"28 !/-8!%1( (&'BA'%-6)"!@''%); H9 #1<2('. !'"#+ / ?!/%6/, >"-'"8, /$* -&"&5 ( '0"!#+!%); E"$ (5'. 0 $3 <…> R/8#>"'. (@ "/ ( !" / Q1+,%)( !'"#% (G. J4-*)#); !#(.$*7 ,<$-8.7 / F+$ !'"#+) !/1%1!8, )"5$< #+- (M?B''%); F%/. / ? !'"#%@ ( )"/"1( / =%,. XIX – XX %%. ;!B4:.C+ <$+'+):'$*!' !$%!'#)' 1%'+?, 1%'+4E)' ('0'%FA, *4$+? (1(*%, !(-"'A). 8.;0)"'0, ?!8

!'"#<, ,%,

&%1(, / 9"&'(&! 1(*% )+1+$%8 (S!@.#!%); H 9%)"/"''%8,

>(!/+7

!'"#<, *"&$., /

B./A )+5"/, &"1"!/"1%, -%!C "/%8 (G(."!%):); A5&!07 *+$ *+,-+ +) !'"#+ (&.BF"!#+); E+ A5&! < 81, *+$ !'"#+) '(,'"/… (&B!*); F'##?' !$)#?, 0A=)#?, ='0'D?, 'B), (4=?, %AD?, A=B!#). 8.;0)"'0, I *$7* <…> / 0/+8/, 1(!/+>,( -%9 "-'< . / Q%, 982,+ 2.1+ ()

!<#-+2%@!

(&0.4#); R*8/A <,-+"/ ,
!'"#< (9!D#'$'#$*)2); R'% [U=B!#A. – E.I.] *-( .,1%

5(/A !<#-+2%@ (L0)=.:'%); G18$(/ $<2+, (9 $"-" (L0)=.:'%); 0*8/ -8<3 < 113

2+1A&%,% / ? ('"" !"$+) (L0)=.:'%); J&"K%#'

!'"5'+7 2"1(9'" (L0)=.:'%);

R-%'5" .7 ,1;' / !<#-+2+)-2"-")") / F-('(5"'-!+#2;' (S!*)#.); F-"$ $+)+) )<(0$)

!<#-+2" (J.$+'0#.*); L)% '% #+-<&," <…> / 0/+(/ +$(' (

!'"# ( 9'+7 (L0)=.:'%). K0'() !;)$?%.'"?7 D.$#'>'##?7 ('0'%F'% % ;! / *%1A)%, / % )'" <&"K%7# /+',%8 !'"5"''.@ S+'/%'. / 0/+8/

!'"#< (U-)#); F+,% <&"K% 9%-

)+-+9'+) +9$<@" 9%!/. (W.B4;!%):); R2-

1"*1"''." !'"#+) &(* (L0)=.:'%); ? !'"#< / P5 /-( '"$"1( / Q' ='0'D. A%BA'+$A $."?" «04$$*)"» ('0'%!", !=B.(.CE)" (BA 04$$*)7 !:'#F %.>#?" $)"%!B):'$*)" D#.:'#)'". &'0'D. – «('0'%!, $:)+.CE''$A 4 $B.%A# %"'$+)B)E'" (47!%, $;!$!=#!' *.* 4='0':F !+ DB?7 $)B, +.* ) #.%0'()+F» [K'B)%.#!%. 2008, $. 163]. N"'##! ='0'D4 % M!$$)) %$'/(. $.>.B) %!DB' (!"., %!$;0)#)".A '' *.* !='0'/. =0$7"&!$3& /"&-'&!3. 9 !;)$.#)A7 *!#*0'+#?7 ;0'("'+!%, ;!*0?+?7 $#'/!", ;0'!=B.(.C+ *!#+'*$+?, !;)$?%.CE)' (!" ) '/! $!$+.%BACE)'. 9 ;!)B)E'»: $+), 2"-1+#%, #'"9$+. 8.;0)"'0, P5 )+7 -0' +' [9)70F. – E.I.] !,+-+, !'"#+) 9%'"!8, / R/ *-+@+5(@ !,-+"/ (T'":4>#)*!%); H !'"#+) +' [ '-)2. – E.I.] +2'+!(/ / J&"(028 )"$ "5+',% (5'2); ?(5< *
!'"# (I'BF%)/). 9 ;!
;!A%BAC+$A (04/)' #.)"'#!%.#)A, !=!D#.:.CE)' (!" :'B!%'*. ((92%, (92<&,%, $+)(,), !+('BF#?' '/! :.$+) ) ;!$+0!2*) !*!B! #'/! (,%1(/,%, 1"!/'(C., +,+&,+), ;!$'B'#)A ($"-" '8). 8.;0)"'0, H (& !$*A#; '+ !'"#+) *+ )"!/%) / =%'"!"'% ( '0"!#+!%); Q%, !% %'+), !'"#+) +$"/%, / *%<817# !/+(/ (8'*0.$!%); 9&"&5$*

$"-" '"

!'"#< *+/+'<1( (8'*0.$!%); F"-"$ *%<#'* !<#-

-+2. / E%)"1+ #+-+6 (J.BF")#); 90'*7 ! !<#-+2%)( !'"#% (J.BF")#); !#-"2%"/ !'"# ! 7#(*!7* / F-"1"!/'%8 -<>"'A,% (J.BF")#) ) (0.

114

9 ;!)B)E' :'B!%'*.. J0) <+!" 0.$-)0A'+$A *04/ ;0'("'+!%, $%AD.##?7 $ (!"!" :'B!%'*.. K0'() #)7 ;!A%BAC+$A (1) 0'.B)) ('0'%'#$*!2 >)D#) (/+*+-, 2%'8, !,%)"7,%, 9%2+-, +#-%$%, +#1+21(); (2) :.$+) (!". (,%-'(9, ,-.&%, %-,%, ,-.1AC+); (3) ;!$+0!2*) (*%1%/,%, !-<2, 2%-%,, 9$%'(", 2%&'8, @(5('%); (4) ;!$'B'#)A :'B!%'*. (*+!"1+,, #<2"-'(8, #+-+$). J0)%'('" ;0)"'0?: (1) !'"# *+1'+>'.@ <#$. /%, !<" "-'+-#1<@… (60A;*)#); 9%!'"5"''%8 7#'&@7# (I4()#); H 1"5(/ +', +!.*%' ('A6, / / +7 !0/0" (60A;*)#); (2) !'"# 1"5(/ / '% !('"7 #"7& (G7".(4B)#.); F+$ !'"#+), .-%!/%64() '% 7"05(& (G7".(4B)#.); D(4%/A (K%'+B!%); ( "/-. 9()'(" '%$<1( / !'"# '% "'>%64(7 7#"$*% (GB)/'0); 7#"$*%3 !'"#+*%$+) .&(/., / ,%, ! %$"2'." *+1+/"'C. ( 4*!#)#); (3) I"/"1A 9%!.*%1% /#(#!78 !'"#%)( (N$.*!%$*)2); !/%-." "8<3 !<#-+2%@ !'"5'.@ (GB)/'0); R2+55"''." %-#$.) ( ;"#'3 / B.1( !/-%''. *+$ !'"5'+7 ,+-+7 (K."!2B!%); ? 1"!<,

!'"#< !/+(/ 2%-%, (6%.0(!%$*)2); (4) H '+ A / +8 28<&"$*) /

? !'"#% 9%'"!"'% (3!0#)B!%); /0 K(7* / J+'<1( 2"9$'" !'"#+ +7 (5.0+?#!%); ?"!A F"- +8'<-/0 K(07 / 9%!/% 1"' !<#-+2%)( !*1+&A (5'>)0!%). 9 *!#1' XX %. $!70.#A'+$A !;)$.#)' (!"!%, $'B'#)2, ;!*0?+?7 $#'/!". 8.;0)"'0, +-#$*) 5;1/." ! 2"1.), #+1<2." !'"#< (S.#.2B!%); H !'"# '% /0-070$$*7& – / ,%, $" (>A8 *+!/"1A (&!B!7!%); G&(M <…> *+,-./+ !'"#+), 2<$/+ *<@+) */(>A() (V'$+.*!%); 0'"# "4; 1"5(/ *+ <#1%) -50"05 (J'0'%'D'#1'%.). ,$!='##! ;!;4BA0'# !=0.D D.$#'>'##!2 *0?-), %$+0'+)%-)2$A % +%!0:'$+%' 0.DB):#?7 .%+!0!%: <…> '% 7"31K !'"# (6)")0Y%.); Q/+ 1+*%/+6 ! 7"31* / !'"# !#-"2%"/? (3'*!%.); 7"31* !'"#< (J!"!D!%); % 7"31* !'"#< – ,%, /+-/ / '"-%9-+9'"''.7 (X):)=.=)#); E% 5"1"9'+) *1%C$%-)" 7"31 / R!1"*(/"1A'+ 2"1.7 !'"# (J!;B.%$*)2). 8.:)#.A $ 04='>. XIX – XX %%. % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 ;!A%BA'+$A !=0.D D)"#'/! /!0!(.. P$+'+):'$*!' !$%!'#)' ;!B4:.C+ +.*)' :.$+) /!0!(., *.* ;'0'4B!*, ;B!E.(F, "!$+!%.A, +0."%.), D(.#)A, ;."A+#)*. 8.;0)"'0, ? 20"0-& 5 !'"5'+) ( !+''+) 2.1 *+'"$"1A'(, (J!;B.%$*)2); 20"0- !'"5'.7 (L);115

;)4$); *1+4%$A !'"5'%8 (L);;)4$); /(0H#-. +!'"5"''%8 (G7".+!%.); /&"&8(07 !'"5'.7 (34D")#, G7".+!%.); T/+

E&!"02"#-&, / 0/(@(, &%)*%'-

!,+", !'"#%… (N%.#!% L.); E% #1.2" +!'"5"''+7 .!(/!8 E&!" (&0C$!%). 9#)".#)' 0.DB):#?7 .%+!0!% * %!$$!D(.#)C /!0!(. ;!( $#'>#?" ;!*0!%!", * !;)$.#)C '/! $!$+.%BACE)7 $+.B! ;0):)#!2 @!0")0!%.#)A % AD?*' ;!'##!/! /!0!(. %!D#)*.'+ % +%!0:'$+%' 0.D#?7 .%+!0!%. 3!#*0'+#?' :'0+? !# ;0)!=0'+.'+ =B./!(.0A .*1'#+)0!%.##?" ('+.BA": %!S%1A/, %S(&(, 2<1.5'." <1(C., /-+/<%-. 8.;0)"'0, <…> $+ !%).@ ,-.&

!<#-+2%@ /+'
5;''.7 !'"#% (5.0+?#!%); :0"0- !'"#+) '%)"1+ (30'$+)#$*)2); 20"0- !'"#+) 9%'"!;' (M. M!>('$+%'#$*)2); C"1.7 20"0-

!'"#< (J.$+'0#.*); !'"5'.7 !"0-

!8#" ( !$'%); /&"&8(7* !'"5'." (3!+'BF#)*!%); !;, >/+ 9()+7 !'"#%@ *+#-"2"'+: / F"->%/,(, &*(1A,(, -5% ." ,-6>,(, / #>*1 #-+)%$'.@ )"1,(" ,1+>,( (5.0+?#!%); 8(*A3 ,-<#+) !'"5'.)-!'"5'. (H%+4-'#*!); 8(*A3

!'"#<

(J.$+'0#.*); '% !'"#< <8(36$3; 8(*A (G#+!*!BF$*)2). 3!#*0'+)D.1)) !=0.D. /!0!(. $B4>.+ +.*>' )"'#. $!=$+%'##?' – #.D%.#)A /!0!(!%, '/! $!$+.%BACE)7. K0'() !;)$?%.'"?7 *!#*0'+#?7 +!;!$!% 1'#+0.BF#!' "'$+! D.#)".'+ $+!B)1. #.-'2 $+0.#?. 8.;0)"'0, 40 750@, >"-"9 )"/"1(, / F+ !'"5'+7 C"1('" (5'>)0!%); F+ !'"5'+7 *-%9$'(>'+7 4075& (G#+!*!BF$*)2); 40 75# 2+1A&%8, /(@%8, !<#-+2'%8 (9.#-'#*)#); 0/+ 1"/ /+)< '%9%$ 40 75# $-")%1% / ? !<#-+2%@, ,%, *!BF$*)2); L&"*@ 7*@ !*
*"-('%@ *<@+ .@ (G#+!-

!'"#< (5'>)0!%); 40 75# – *+$ !'"#+ .) *+-

,-+ +) (G#+!*!BF$*)2); =()% '%$ 40 750,. / 0'"#%, ,%, !/+#% (L0.=.0F). J!")"! !$%!'##!2 :'B!%'*!" +'00)+!0)), % ;!(4%6/ (9!D#'$'#$*)2); Q+>"'""/ )+7 «2#%*7»

!'"#< (5'>)0!%); B%-%@/%1(!A

!'"#< #5!0'0<*(*, / !<#-+2%)( 2"!!(1A'+ !/%'+ 8!A (H%+4-'#*!); ? !'"#<, ,%,

)"1A'(>'+7 *.1(, / ! -%9#+'< 9$.21"''." !#$7* <…> / F-+&1( (6%.0116

(!%$*)2); R!/%',( !#$705

!'"#+ .@ !<#-+2%@ (GB)/'0). J0) <+!" % =!BF-

-)#$+%' $B4:.'% )D!=0.>'#)' D.$#'>'##!2 +'7#)*) !=4$B!%B'#! $C>'+!" ;0!)D%'('#)A, $%AD.##?" $ !;)$.#)A") %!'##?7 $!=?+)2, :'B!%'*. #. %!2#'. D&(05&7, &20 5$&1$0 !., 0-&6-#. ,=0.D :'B!%'*. % $#'/4 ;!A%BA'+$A % ;!

!<#-+2" !'"5'+) !(2(-8, (9. I")+0)'%). 8.

;!$B'(4CE)7 <+.;.7 0.D%)+)A 04$$*!2 ;!.'+$A % )$;!BFD!%.#)) #.)"'#!%.#)2 :.$+'2 +'B. :'B!%'*., '/! !('>(?. 8.;0)"'0, ? /(#H&, 9%,($%' !'"#+), / U (1!8 #+!/A ( '0"!#+!%); 0'"# 9%)"/%1 "#+ [KB4/4. – E.I.] 0-&60$78 (8)*)+)#); G/*$# "#+, /(&N* ( 1#/7#

!'"#< (8'*0.$!%); ? !'"#< -0

70(&$ &20 $02* (8'*0.$!%); R' ! " %"/ !'"# ! "& $*A (S'+); ?"!A /(#!07 !'"#< (S'+). 9 ;!(?, #! )$;!BFD4C+$A B):#?' ) !;0'('B)+'BF#?' "'$+!)"'#)A (8, /., +', +'%, "!A, !8). 8.;0)"'0, H '.'" 5 ) + "8'% !'"#%)( (&B!*); [, /'0!A7 $+)7!+%!0'#)A. – E.I.], 9%)"/%"/ $# !'"5+, (G##'#$*)2); U "-6: /+ 2+# '&$) !'"#+) 9%';! (&B!*); F+$ '%)( !'"# ( !'"# '% $# (9!B!-)#); H +/ !<#-+2" 1"$8'+) / R'( '%&1( '&$) *+$ $+)+) (&'B?2). 9 ;!.'+$A % )$;!BFD!%.#)) #!%?7 (+! '$+F #' %$+0'+)%-)7$A 0.#'' % ;!(!=#?7 *!#+'*$+.7) #.)"'#!%.#)2 :.$+'2 +'B. :'B!%'*., !('>(? ) ''
"'(,+) 1+@)%/.) / 0'"# ! /0-

(818<7# +/-8@'<1 (G#+!*!BF$*)2); ?*$&(. 9%*+-+&(1%!A !8 (K)"!#!%); !'"5+, '% 1" +) /020$& (K)"!#!%); H !'"# *+9"),+6 !<@+7 / F-(!.*%1 (@ 1*$&(* (6%.0(!%$*)2); H ,-%!'%8 9 "9$% / I"-C%"/ '% 9%!'"5"''+7 81#$7& (K40*!%).

117

K!=?+)2#?2 7.0.*+'0 #'*!+!0?7 $+)7!+%!0'#)2, $+0'"B'#)' * *!#*0'+)D.1)) )D!=0.>'#)A :'B!%'*. ;0)%!()+ * +!"4, :+! ;!A%BAC+$A #.)"'#!%.#)A :'B!%'*. ;! 0!(4 ('A+'BF#!$+): 2-(#%$(-, -%2+>(7, #
$ "-A <…> / ?1"/%"/ "!A

!'"#< ( '+5

!'"#< 78".-

-<," !5()%"/ (&./0)1*)2).

30!"' <+!/! % ;!(!=#?7 *!#+'*$+.7 4+!:#A'+$A %!D0.$+ /'0!A. 8.;0)"'0, ?+/ +'

!'"#<, / +7 0!/"3 7 (G#+!*!BF$*)2); G!#"8;# @+$(/,

!'"# +$"-

/% (G#+!*!BF$*)2). Z;!+0'=B'#)' +.*)7 $B!% !$!='##! 7.0.*+'0#! (BA *!#+'*$+!%, )D%B':'##?7 )D ;!<", 0.$$*.D!% % $+)7.7, =.BB.(. R#.:)+'BF#4C :.$+F #.-'/! ".+'0).B. $!$+.%BAC+ +' *!#+'*$+?, % *!+!0?7 4*.D?%.'+$A "'$+!, /(' B)0):'$*)2 /'0!2 #.=BC(.'+ D. $#'>#!2 #';!/!(!2. ,+"'+)", :+! % ;!.C+$A *.* *04;#?', ".$-+.=#?' !=Q'*+? +'00)+!0)), +.* ) *!#*0'+#?' B!*4$?. 8.;0)"'0, ? !<-+ +) &5&"& )"/"1( / E"!
#
&(!A !'+) !-"$( !&/&@, / F+$ !,(S!,+7 A6#+7 !'"#+ +6 (6C+:'%); H "//<$% '" 9%'"!;/!8, / ?A64(7!8 ! )8/"1A6 9% 07$0' (GB);.#!%); H 9%)"1%9%,-<5(1%!8 / ?A6#% '%$ !*84() &(0' (I0!>>)#); E% -50"& )"/"1A ( A6#% (V4".7'0); E% 20"#;, *+$ )"/"18)( <…> / 0"1 +-;1 '% !,%1< "18)( (J!B!#$*)2); E+>A ( 2<-8 !'"5'%8

/"'A *+$

/8 !3$& (5.2*!%). 9 ;!<+):'-

$*!" AD?*' XIX %. $!D(.'+$A !=0.D "'+'B) #. (!0!/': F(!2 )D #.D%.##?7 /04;;. 1) ? /"0 !0"&, !'"#%)( 9% A65"''+) (G#(0''%); F+9;),% 9%(1%!A

/0(& (6%.0(!%$*)2); G$" $+1A (0H*$ )"/;/ )"/"1A (G#+!*!BF-

$*)2); I"/"/ *+9;),% !-"$A /0(&@ <'.1.@, / 0 (!/(/, !'"5,+) 9%/8#( %"/ 118

*< (H%+4-'#*!); I"/"1A '% 8(*A& (S!*)#.); E% /0-070$$*7 – )"/"1A, )"/(! (G#(0''%); ?A6#% !'"5'+ +- "/!8

&$* / D%9<9-

'%/A < 9%);-9&(@ &-(S/+ (K%'+B!%); B<'/ (!!8, (
)'+-

#+&<)'+7 D+!!(( <…> / E" 162(1 "#+ /%, <…> / H 9% $ +7!/ "''.7 9'%,, / () *-+>/"''.7

*<-#" 20"0- 70@ (G#(0''%) ) (0.; 3) H !-%9< !*+)'(/ 9()-

'(7 '"2+!,1+' / ( $+1A O&53 '"!<4<6!8 A6#< (G7".+!%.); K+ +1A'+ +*(!.%/A !" "-'.7 !'"# / H *"/A /&!&"<8"2 78, A6#< (I!# G")#.(!); G$"-/+ +/ /%, 5" / 9%'+!8/ *"*"1 ( A6#% / V"2"'A E#"*6#, "8*$3 G5)!020 E&!"# (G#(0''%); F+ B"<#!8 A6#% $<"/… (9!D#'$'#$*)2); E%$ G#//0"0 / ,-<5(/!8 !'"# (M. M!>('$+%'#$*)2); J+ "/"- $<"/, L0(28 *+-+&% ( 4*!#)#); ? +$'+7 (9 <1+>", 40 753, / =%!.*%''+7 )"/"1A6 (34-#'0); 0, +9A )"/"1A , )+")< B"#"#!8, / =%$.@%8!A, *+ 1A$< ($< (V.B."!%); ?.-"9%/A /%('!/ + !'"#% (9 ,6$08"#(. 70@ *<-#( (3.BF;)()) ) (0. 9 ;!$B'(#'2 /04;;' *!#+'*$+!% %$+0':.C+$A #.)"'#!%.#)A 0.D#?7 $+0.# ")0., !(#.*! :.E' %$'/! )$;!BFD4C+$A «)"'#.» M!$$)) (#.D%.#)A /!0!(!%). V)0!*!' )$;!BFD!%.#)' +!;!$!% ;0) !=!D#.:'#)) "'$+. ;0!+'*.#)A "'+'B) $%)('+'BF$+%4'+ ! ('+.B)D.1)) 74(!>'$+%'##!/! ")0.. 5'$+! +.A#)A $#'/. )";B)1)+#! %?0.>.'+$A % +'7 *!#+'*$+.7, % *!+!0?7 )$;!BFD!%.#? $B!%. *-+/%1('%, ,%*"1A, +.* *.* ;! D#.:'#)C (.##?' '()#)1? $!!+#!$A+$A $ *!#*0'+#?" ;0!$+0.#$+%!": *-+/%1('% !=!D#.:.'+ ‘"'$+! #. !"#!, /(' $+.AB $#'/’, . *.;'BF – ‘;.('#)' *.;'BF 0.$+.A%-'/! $#'/. $ $!%!&'!& )B) (%)* (!"!%’. J!<+!"4 )$;!BFD!%.#)' (.##?7 '()#)1 %$'/(. .*+4.B)D)04'+ ;0'$+.%B'#)' != !;0'('B'##!" "'$+' ;0!+'*.#)A ;0!1'$$. +.A#)A. 8.;0)"'0, E% *1+4%$A .7$<. / E"0!#(*$3 < (5< '% !'"#< (5'>)0!%); W"/(/ 7#/&(. ! 9%!'"5"''.@ 5&!5&@ ( 4*!#)#); ?"/"- ! $%1;,+#+ )+-8, / R//"*"1A, ,%*"1A,( ! 7"31 (5.0+?#!%) ) (0. 30!"' #.D%.##?7 '()#)1 ;0) !;)$.#)) +.A#)A $#'/. ;0) ;!"!E) /B./!B!% (/%8/A, -%!/%8/A !/%8/A ) ;0.) ) ;0)B./.+'BF#?7 (/%1.7, *+$/%1.7) "'$+! +.A#)A !=!D#.:.'+$A (04/)") 119

*!";!#'#+.") *!#+'*$+.. J0) <+!" ;!<+.") @)*$)04C+$A 0.DB):#?' +'00)+!0).BF#?' !=Q'*+?: ;!B', !%0./, /!0!(, (!" ) '/! :.$+), :'B!%'*. 8.;0)"'0, G1<2+,(" !'"#% -%!/%81( + 2"#-& (X4B*!%); J+1A,+ !/%"/ !'"5+, ! *-+2<5$"''.@ /0(&@, / P5 '% '(@ )<5(>+, "-'+7 !( ,+7 ! +"7 (U*4=!%):); 0)+/-(, – !2"5%1 *+!1"$'(7 !'"# /0(&@! (T4*!%$*)2); E+>A /<)%''%8 /")'%, / 0'"# '% !02$#; /%"/ (,/.0'%); F+ 05"#2#' !*+19%"/ !'"# ( 4*!#)#); K'"# -%!/%81 *+ -0"02&, / E" +!/%1+!A '( !1"$% (5'>)0!%); 0'"# !*+19%"/ ! 7"31 (9.#-'#*)#); E% /0-070$$*7& -%!/%81 !'"# (J!BA*!%.); J%"/ !'"# ( /">;/ '% 8 3 (L0)/!0F'%). 9 <$+'+):'$*!" !$%!'#)) D.$#'>'##!/! ;0!$+0.#$+%. #.=BC(.'+$A +'#('#1)A * *!#*0'+)D.1)). 6.*, % ;!#?' ;0!$+!0?. 8. ;0!+A>'#)) XIX – XX %%. 74(!>'$+%'##!' ;0!$+0.#$+%! ;!$+';'##! $4>.'+$A: $.( – ('0'%FA – !+('BF#!' ('0'%! – 1%'+!*; ('0'%#A – (!" – !*#!, *.0#)D, *0?-.; ('+.B)D)04'+$A: /!0!( – #.D%.#)' /!0!(. – :.$+F /!0!(.; :'B!%'* – #.)"'#!%.#)A !('>(?. 9 !;)$.#)) "'$+. 0.$;0!$+0.#'#)A "'+'B) % 04$$*!2 ;!'#)' ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’, ‘+.A#)'’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– $ B'*$):'$*)", "!0@'"#?", /0."".+):'120

$*)" ;!+'#1).B!" (.##!2 :.$+) 0':), $B4>.E'2 % AD?*' (BA ;'0'(.:) +.*)7 $'".#+):'$*)7 *.+'/!0)2, *.* $!$+!A#)' ) ;0!1'$$. 3. &!BF-!' *!B):'$+%! 0.D#?7 /B./!B!%, 0';0'D'#+)04CE)7 $!$+!A#)A $#'/., ;!D%!BA'+ ;0'($+.%)+F )7 % %)(' ;.0.()/".+):'$*)7 *B.$$!%, *!+!0?' ;!$+!A##! ;!;!B#AC+$A #!%?") *!";!#'#+." #. ;0!+A>'#)) %$'/! 0.$$".+0)%.'"!/! ;'0)!(. 0.D%)+)) ;!; %+!0!2 ;B.$+ !=0.D4C+ '()#)1?, "!+)%)0!%.##?' )"'#'" <+!/! ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. ) #.)"'#!%.#)A") D)"#'/! %)70A; % +0'+)2 $B!2 – $B!%., #.7!(AE)'$A D. ;0'('B.") )D4:.'"!/! ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$.. 4. 9 7!(' .#.B)D. 4$+.#!%B'#!, :+! *!#1';+4.BF#?' ;0)D#.*) $#'/. )D!=0.>.C+$A %$'/(. !+#!$)+'BF#! *.*!/!-B)=! $!$+!A#)A (.##!/! %)(. .+"!$@'0#?7 !$.(*!%. J0) <+!" 0A( ;0)D#.*!% @)*$)04'+$A ;0) %!$$!D(.#)) %$'7 $!$+!A#)2 $#'/., (04/)' >' – ;0) !;)$.#)) +!BF*! #'*!+!0?7. M.%#!"'0#!' ) #'0.%#!"'0#!' $!!+#!-'#)' $!$+!A#)2 ) ;0)D#.*!% !;0'('B)B! )7 #.D%.#)A – -"#<18-'." ) '"-"#<18-'." ($!!+%'+$+%'##!). M.$$"!+0'#)' ".+'0).B. % <%!BC1)!##!" .$;'*+' ;!D%!B)B! %?A%)+F +!+ @.*+, :+! #.)=!B'' ()@@'0'#1)0!%.##! % 04$$*!2 ;!#?2 ;!*0!% ) ;.(.CE)2 $#'/. 5'#'' !$%!'# ;!<+):'$*)" $!D#.#)'" (%)>4E)2$A ;!( $)B!2 %'+0. ) +.CE)2 $#'/, ;0) !;)$.#)) <+)7 $!$+!A#)2 $#'/. %?A%B'#! /!0.D(! "'#F-'' *!B):'$+%! ;0)D#.*!%. 5. ,;0'('BACE)' =?+)' *!!0()#.+? – "'$+! ) %0'"A – .*+4.B)D)04C+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) %$'7 $!$+!A#)2 $#'/.. 5'$+! A%BA'+$A !$!='##! %.>#!2 7.0.*+'0)$+)*!2 ;0) !;)$.#)) 0.DB):#?7 !=Q'*+!%, ;!*0?+?7 $#'/!". J0) !;)$.#)) 0.DB):#?7 $!$+!A#)2 $#'/. D#.:)"?") (BA 04$$*!2 ;!
121

6. J0) 0.$$"!+0'#)) <%!BC1)) <$+'+):'$*!/! !$%!'#)A $#'/. *.* @0./"'#+. ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+) %?A%B'#? ;!%+!0ACE)'$A ;!<+):'$*)' $!:'+.#)A, )$;!BFD4'"?' .%+!0.") !(#!/! )B) 0.D#?7 <+.;!% 0.D%)+)A 04$$*!2 ;!'#!, :+! ;!(!=#?' $)#+./"? ;0)$4+$+%4C+ % *!#+'*$+.7, !;)$?%.CE)7 %$' $!$+!A#)A $#'/.. K0'() 4;!+0'=BA'"?7 0.D#?") .%+!0.") $!:'+.#)2 %?A%B'#? *.* /B./!BF#?', +.* ) .+0)=4+)%#?' $!:'+.#)A.

122

-#.&. 3. /(01.#2 .324 (,53!601.#'5)7 6%2 5.(,& 85!9. & ,:%. 5," 6, 5.522 "2%. & %188(,; 6,< 22 XVIII –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

3.1. E0P!*N& 7#) 70$A&/!8#(*%#A*) /"*"0-$020 )5(&$*) < $&2> K#'/ *.* %)( .+"!$@'0#?7 !$.(*!% ;!(%'0/.'+$A !=0.D#!"4 !$"?$B'#)C %! %$'7 %?('B'##?7 '/! $!$+!A#)A7: ‘;.('#)'’, ‘;!*0!%’, ‘(%)>'#)' $#'/. ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’, ‘+.A#)'’. 8'$!"#'##!, :+! *.>(?2 .%+!0 $+0'")+$A ;'0'(.+F )#()%)(4.BF#!' %)('#)', #';!%+!0)"!$+F %;':.+B'#)2 ) % =!BF-)#$+%' $B4:.'% (!$+)/.'+ <+)7 1'B'2, !(#.*! <+! #' !+"'#A'+ !=E)7 :'0+, )B) #.;0.%B'#)2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)), % !=0.D#!" !$"?$B'#)) !=Q'*+!% ")0.. 8.;0.%B'#)' *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) !;0'('BA'+$A +'", :+! «%?=)0.'+ $4=Q'*+ % *.:'$+%' (!")#.#+? (BA !+0.>'#)A $%!2$+% !*04>.CE'/! ")0.» [K)".-*! 2006, $. 36]. ,$!='##!$+) ;!<+):'$*!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) !;0'('BAC+$A $%!2$+%!" %+!0):#!$+), ;0)$4E)" BC=?" 74(!>'$+%'##?" +'*$+.". ND%'$+#!, :+! ;!<+):'$*)2 !=0.D !$#!%?%.'+$A #. $0.%#'#)) !(#!/! ;0'("'+. $ (04/)", . '/! $%!'!=0.D)' D.*BC:.'+$A % 4$+.#!%B'#)) *!";.0.+)%#?7 !+#!-'#)2, #'0'(*! #'!>)(.##?7, "'>(4 ;0'("'+!" !$"?$B'#)A ) +'" !=Q'*+!", $ *!+!0?" !# $0.%#)%.'+$A. N"'##! «*!";.0.+)%)+?», ;0)%B':'##?' (BA $!D(.#)A !=0.D. [540D)# 1998, $. 83], "!/4+ =?+F $)$+'".+)D)0!%.#? % %)(' (!")#.#+ #.;0.%B'#)A ;!<+):'$*!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)). 9 *.:'$+%' (!123

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‘/#-&$*&’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– $ >)%?") $4E'$+%."), +0'+F' – $ D.;)$FC +'*$+.. 8.)=!B'' 0'/4BA0#?" A%BA'+$A $0.%#'#)' $#'>)#!* $! D%'D(."). 8.;0)"'0, +5&%-05*-$3& !'"5(',(, / 0 "/-+) *%$%6/ '% =")16 (&.BF"!#+); +5K%-#'* !'"# +!.*%"/ (O%'+.'%.); 0 ">"-% *+&;1 /%,+7 !'"5+,, / B<$/+ %5K%-3 !.*%1(!A ! '"2% (I!B".+!%$*)2); +5K%-$3@ !""/!8 !'"# (L0)=.:'%). H()#):#?") A%BAC+$A !;)$.#)A (04/)7 @!0" $#'>)#!*, %$+0'+)%-)'$A % 124

;!#?2 B)@+». K#'/, *!+!0?2 *%$%"/ '%(!,+!+, / E% 2<1A %-, '% ,(+!,, / E% 1+/+,, / E% $+)%, / E% 9%2+- (9 $+!+,, $0.%#)%.'+$A $! $#'>#?" B)@+!". K0.%#'#)' $#'/!;.(. $ B)@+!" ;!D%!BA'+ ;!<+4 ;!(:'0*#4+F 7.0.*+'0 ;0!+'*.#)A ;!/!(#!/! A%B'#)A: *.0+)#. $;B!-#!/! $#'/!;.(., $#'/., +'*4E'/! #';0'0?%#?" ;!+!*!", .$$!1))04'+$A $ B)@+!". I%)>'#)' $#'/., $#'>#!/! ;!+!*., *!+!0?2 :'B!%'* #.=BC(.'+, #.7!(A$F «%#4+0)»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– !/-+7 !())"/-(>'.@ !/-+S, / 0/(@+/ +-"'A" !.*1"/!8 !, +9A !/<5<. I.##?2 !=0.D $!D(.'+$A #. !$#!%' (%47 .$$!1).1)2. K !(#!2 $+!0!#?, *.0+)#. $#'/!;.(. .$$!1))04'+$A $ 0!%#?") $+0!:*."), :+! ;!(('0>)%.'+$A $'".#+)*!2 $B!% !/-+7, !/-+S%, !())"/-(>'.7. K (04/!2 $+!0!#?, $#'/!;.( !;)$?%.'+$A *.* %0'"A %(!7#!%'##!/! 0!>('#)A $+)7!+%!0'#)A, *!+!0!' ;!<+ :)+.'+ $ «B)$+.» ;0)0!(?. 9 $B!%.7 0/(@+/ +-"'A" !.*1"/!8 !, +9A !/<5< ;'0'(.'+$A "?$BF ! ;!A%B'#)) ;0!)D%'('#)A, 0!>126

('#)) +'*$+., ;!(:'0*)%.'+$A ;!$+';'##!$+F <+!/! ;0!1'$$. ) % +! >' %0'"A '/! #'4;0.%BA'"!$+F. N#!2 !=0.D $#'/!;.(. $!D(.# 8. M4=1!%?": R/ %!S%1A/% $+ 9 ;9$ / 9%&/-(@+ %'% '+>A / !'"#+*%$+)…. J!<+ )D!=0.>.'+ *.0+)#4 #!:): #. '' +'"#!" @!#' B)0):'$*)2 /'0!2 %)()+ !+('BF#?' $#'>)#*), *!+!0?' $%!)" 0!%#?", #! #' /4$+?" ;.('#)'" #' "!/4+ «!='B)+F» #!:F. ,#) B)-F -+0)74C+ +'"#?2 @!#, ('B.A #!:F $%'+B'' !+ D'"B) (! #'=., +.*, $B!%#! #. B)$+ :'0#!2 =4"./) #.#'$'#? +!#*)' ='B' B)#)'. 3.>(?2 )D ;0'($+.%B'##?7 !=0.D!%, A%BAA$F 0'D4BF+.+!" )#()%)(4.BF#!/! %!$;0)A+)A $#'/!;.(., !+0.>.'+ 0.D#?' #.;0.%B'#)A '/! !$"?$B'#)A. M.DB):#?' !=Q'*+?, $ *!+!0?") $0.%#)%.'+$A ;.(.CE)2 $#'/, ;!(:'0*)%.C+ !+('BF#?' $+!0!#? ;0!+'*.#)A <+!/! $!$+!A#)A $#'/.. =0$A&/!8#(.$3@ /"*%$#7 $&2# ‘/07"35#!. /05&";$0 !.’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– !'"#+ % *+-+&% [T)%.A %!(. 1975, $. 259], % (04/!" %.0).#+' J"2" )8#,%8 *+!/"18 – !'"#+ % *+-+@%. [M4$$*.A #.0!(#.A ;!'$+%'##!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%.. 127

9 ;!#!/! ;!*0!%. *.* +*.#) 0'.B)D4'+$A % "'+.@!0):'$*!" 4;!+0'=B'#)) $B!% $ !=E'2 $'".#+)*!2 /,%'A, +$"5$%, . +.*>' $B!%, #.D?%.CE)7 0.DB):#?' )D('B)A )D +*.#) (,+ "-, !,%/"-/A, *"1"'% (4$+.0. ‘;!*0?%.B!’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– XX %%. 0.$-)0A'+$A *04/ ;0'("'+!%, $ *!+!0?") $0.%#)%.'+$A $#'>#?2 ;!*0!%. 9 ;!<+):'$*!" AD?*' #.0A(4 $ 4>' $4E'$+%4CE)") !=0.D.") ;!*0!%. $!D(.C+$A #!%?' D. $:'+ #.)"'#!%.#)2 (?, 4*0.-'#)2 )D +*.#). 8.;0)"'0, H '% '"#+ [M4:'2. – E.I.] >#!0@ *-+9-%>'+7 / E"2-"5'+ 185"/ *"- .7 !'"# (S!@.#!%), W;# "*%0@ !'"# (&'B?2). 30!"' <+!/!, $#'>#?2 ;!*0!% $0.%#)%.'+$A $ 0.D#?") %)(.") +*.#), :+! %?0.>.'+$A % )$;!BFD!%.#)) $B!% @+1!/, *%->" .7, &"1,+ .7. 8.;0)"'0, E% -"," ,%1('+ )+!/ / ? !'"5'.7 ,'#)'" *04;#!/!, $ /04=!2 ;!%'07#!$+FC !=Q'*+., ;!*0?+!/! +!B$+?" $B!'" $#'/.. G*+4.B)D.1)A % $!D#.#)) :)+.+'BA ;0)D#.*!% 7!BE!%!2 (+! '$+F /04=!2, ;0!:#!2) +*.#), ;!(('0>)%.'".A 128

$'".#+)*!2 /B./!B. ,(? ;!A%BAC+$A #!%?' *!";!#'#+? – &<2%, &%1A, *1%/, *1%/A", -<2%&,%. 8.;0)"'0, ? ! +"7 /85;1+7 !'"5'+7 18<& / 0*(/ #+-+$+, (9.#-'#*)#), I"'88 *+,-. %1%: / ="1;'+", ! +*<&,+7 #+1<2+7, / E% -.5"", / N -.5"", ! 2%#-8'C"), / E% 2"1.7 /(#! !<#-+2'.@ *
(.$)$0@ !<#-+2 (V.+.B!%). 9 D.%)$)"!$+) !+ ;0'("'+. !('>(?, $

*!+!0?" $0.%#)%.'+$A ;!*0!%, $!D(.C+$A 0.D#?' !=0.D?: ".$-+.=#!2 *.0+)#? – ? 2"1+7 18<& !*(/ 9")18…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– E.I.] /0 !(#!. (9AD'"$*)2); B"1""/ )+!/, *+ !/+-+'%) !%$. / F+$ ('"") *<&(!/.) /)! <'.1. ( '0"!#+!%); 0 '%#(@ *+1"7 1"/(/ ,+16>(7 !'"#, / G+'().7 -%''"7, 2<7'+6 )"/"1A6 <…> / 02(-%"/!8

!"-"2-8'+7 /(&( / G1<2+,+7 ( @+1+$'+6 /0 !&(., (S'+); E0 !&129

(., *<@+ +7 !)+/-(/ !<#-+2 (&.0?*!%.); =()'"" ( %/A (&.BF"!#+); 0/+ 1"/ /+)< '%9%$ I+!, % -"&'#(# / ? !<#-+2%@, ,%,

/&"*$#; *<@+ .@ (G#+!*!BF$*)2); H !'"# '% *+$+-

,+''(," – / ,%, $" (>A8 /0 !&(. (&!B!7!%); +# 3/#(#

!<#-+2%@ @)"1A'%8

!/-%'% (W.=.0!%). Z$+!2:)%!$+F !=0.D. $%AD.#. $ ;0!:#?") @!BF*B!0#?") +0.()1)A"). K0.%#'#)' ;!*0!%. $ ;!$+'BFC, . $!$+!A#)A D)"#'2 ;0)0!(? $! $#!" !=4$B!%B'#! !=Q'*+)%#?") @.*+!0."): ('2$+%)+'BF#!, ")0 ;0)0!(? % D)"#'' %0'"A /!(. "'#A'+$A. T)D#F $B!%#! D."'(BA'+ $%!2 ='/: $#)>.'+$A .*+)%#!$+F >)%!+#?7, 0.$+'#)A $+.#!%A+$A #'%)()"?") ;!( +!B$+?" $B!'" $#'/. – %$' <+! $!D(.'+ .$$!1).1)C $! $;!*!2#?" $!$+!A#)'" :'B!%'*., $! $#!". J0'($+.%B'#)A $B.%A# ! D)"' *.* %0'"'#) $"'0+) %$'/! >)%!/! % ;0)0!(' !+0.>.C+$A % ;!<+):'$*!" AD?*' $ #.:.B. XIX ) (! *!#1. XX %%. K."?" 0.$;0!$+0.#'##?" $B!%!", 0';0'D'#+)04CE)" !=0.D ;!*0!%. *.* "!/)B?, A%BA'+$A $B!%! !% %', 4;!+0'=B'#)' *!+!0!/! % !=E'" *!#+'*$+' $ *!";!#'#+.") <$+'+):'$*!/! ;!BA <$#'/> – !'"#, !'"5'.7 – $!D(.'+ !=0.D !'"5'+7 )+#(1., *!+!0?2 7.0.*+'0'# % !$#!%#!" (BA ;!
,-%6 2"916$'+); / Q%, #5#$,

2"1.7 !'"# '% '") 1"5%1 (5)7.2B!%); B./A )+5"/, %! [ )$+FA. – E.I.] !+ )'+7 9%-+6/ / 0'"#% -+$'." +$"/%, / (92<&,%

#5#$ ! +7 (M!$+!;:)#.); Q%, #5#$0', !'"#+)

$"-" '" !/+(/ (8'*0.$!%); ?+"/ 9% "-/A – A6#% '%$ $<-

&+7 *">%1A'+7, / J,;/ (9 !'"5'.@ @1+*A"

#5#$ *+#-"2%1A'.7 (V4".7'0);

=()'(" A6#( 9% .1( / ? '%&(@ *' XIX – XX %%. :.E' )$;!BFD4'+$A !=0.D $#'>#!2 ;!$+'B), +!/(. *.* !=0.D $#'>#!/! $.%.#. % !;)$.#)) ;!*0!%. %$+0'+)B$A +!BF*! % $+)7!+%!0'#)) N. G##'#$*!/! «I!:F N.)0.»: K18 >"#+ 5 ! ,+'/<-+ '"5'+7, / E"*+-+>'+7 ,-%!+/. / G-<2+ !+- %' !% %' !'"5'.7 (G##'#$*)2). 9 $'0'()#' XX %. % !;)$.#)) $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%. =!B'' ;0!:#!' 130

"'$+! D.#)".'+ !=0.D ;!$+'B). ,(#.*! .$$!1).+)%#.A $%ADF $#'/. $! $+)7)'2 $"'0+) $!70.#A'+$A % ;!( ">'." '% (!1( '%$ !'"#%)(, / G$" 2"0<& ,-%!+/. !"#$% *-(-+$% !*(/ (&40)#$*)2); H !)8/.7 $<2 '% !'"5'.7 0-" ,%/(1!8 (6';BA*!%); 0'"#%)( /02"&<&$, <#-6).7 E")%' !*%1 (&.+C-*!%); G+-(/ (

*+1<$(,+) !.'" / 0(@ 8<*5#,H*; !'"#+ / :( %8 , -+$('" 162+ A

(3C7'BF='*'0); =%!.*%''.7 #1<2+,()( !'"#%)(, / Q%, !"8/

9")1", )+1>(/

)+7 ,-%7 -+$'+7…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

131

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‘-5*6&$*& /0- -&@ !5*&' 5&!"#’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… (340!:*)#); F#)*!%). 9 0A(' $B4:.'% ;0) $!D(.#)) !=0.D. "'+'B) !;)$?%.C+$A 0)+"):'$*)' (%)>'#)A $#'/. (*18!%/A, $.&%/A), ;!$+';'##!' 4$;!*!'#)' $)B ;0)0!(? (+!1%2"%/A), ('2$+%)A "'+'B) ;!B4:.C+ ;!D)+)%#4C !1'#*4 (1"1"8/A). 8.;0)"'0: J%) /()1&! !'"#

@+1+$'+7 A6#" (3C7'BF='*'0); H *-+)"'8/A !; /+ '%

,-%7, #$" -31*! / F+>/( "!A #+$ ( A6#% ( )+-+9 (5.2*!%); E+ !/%1% #-+9'+7 A6#( *(# / I (#<&5#!. (T'":4>#)*!%); H !+' "#+ [3'(0.. – E.I.] A6#% (&(&&! (6C+:'%). 132

8. 04='>' XIX – XX %%. % !;)$.#)) $#'>#?7 %)70'2 ;!A%BAC+$A /B./!B?, % *!+!0?7 ;0.*+):'$*) !+$4+$+%4C+ #'/.+)%#?' 7.0.*+'0)$+)*): ($/(, &%/%/A!8, 9)"/'' $B!%! #'%/A % $!:'+.#)) $ "'+.@!0):'$*)" $4E'$+%)+'BF#?" !-"2-+ %!$;0)#)".'+$A B)-F *.* ‘;'0'"'E'#)' $#'/. #'!=4D(.##!2 $)B!2’ ($(,%8 )"/"1A). P+. +'#('#1)A ;!(('0>)%.'+$A ) +'", :+! $0'() )$;!BFD4'"?7 (BA 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) ('2$+%)2 "'+'B) /B./!B!%, !=!D#.:.CE)7 D.=!+B)%!' !+#!-'#)', $!70.#A'+$A $B!%! 1"1"8/A ) ;!A%BAC+$A /B./!B? 1%!,%/A, C"1+ %/A, 1(9%/A. 8.;0)"'0, Q&(&)(* '%! A6#( $% )+-+9. (&0C$!%), Q# 7#&! A6#% (&B!*); U "-6: /+ 2+# )"'8 !'"#+) 9%'"!, / J+ A6#% )"'8 A&(05#(#! (&B!*), J%, M/+ /. (<5"1A, <5"1A!) <…> / I"'8 1(9'< &%8 )"/"1A / ? +1'%@ +9$<&'+#+ '%*" % (&'B?2); L/+ 9% +,'%)( 50($8&! )? / T/+ +9$<@, M/+ – !'"#…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– F(4 +'", <+! #' !D#.:.'+, :+! !=0.D =4-4CE'2 "'+'B) 47!()+, $0., #.;0)"'0: =% +,'+) '"<;)'%8 A6#% / H )"/"1(C% ;(3H&! ;(3 !0' (3B?:*!%); N A6#%, !/% (9-9% !/+1%, / R(& !$8(# +2 *+1 2"1+7 *1"/A6 (G#+!*!BF$*)2). K0.%#'#)' %)70'2 $ 7B?$+!" ;!(:'0*)%.'+ D#.:)+'BF#4C $)B4 "'+'B), '' "!/4E'$+%'##!$+F, 0.D04-)+'BF#!$+F ;0!A%B'#)A.

133

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– ;0!$+0.#$+%., ;!/B!E'##!/! "'+'BFC: I"/"1A 5&"!&(# 9")16 (U-)#); I"/"1A 7#N#&! $+) ( 4/!%$*!/!). MA( /B./!B!%, )$;!BFD4'"?7 ;0) )D!=0.>'#)) (%)>'#)2 $#'/., $%AD.#? $ !$"?$B'#)'" "'+'B) *.* $+)7)). P+! %?0.>.'+$A % 4;!+0'=B'#)) /B./!B!% -.!,%/A, &%-(/A, )"/%/A!8 $! D#.:'#)A") ‘;'0'"'E.+F$A % ;!)$*.7 *!/!-, :'/!-B)=!’, ‘=?$+0! ) ='$;!0A(!:#! (%)/.+F$A’. N$;!BFD!%.#)' <+)7 /B./!B!% ;!D%!BA'+ ;!(:'0*#4+F "#!/!!=0.D)' $#'>#?7 %)70'2, )7 #'4;0.%BA'"!$+F ) 134

='$;!0A(!:#!$+F. 8.;0)"'0, F+ *"*"1(4< A6#% "3H&! (K40*!%); 0'%-<5( A6#% '&N&! ) / H !" 9%'+!(/ 1+!, (J.$+'0#.*); L"/ ;-/.7 $"'A *+9;),% 9")16 1#"*! (I4()#). I'2$+%)A" "'+'B) ;0)$%.)%.C+$A "./):'$*)' $%!2$+%., :+! %?D%.#! %!$;0)A+)'" #';!/!(? % !=0.D' %!B-'=#!/! $4E'$+%., $;!$!=#!/! )D"'#)+F !*04>.CE)2 ")0: I"/"1A 50"06*! (H%+4-'#*!); 34; 1#'#$*! !'"5'+7 &<2" / '% !*84"7 *1+4%$( )"/"1A (G$.(!%). ,=0.+)" %#)".#)' #. +!, :+! /0."".+):'$*.A @!0". /B./!B!% #'$!%'0-'##!/! %)(. $;!$!=$+%4'+ ;'0'(.:' (B)+'BF#!$+) ;0!+'*.#)A "'+'B). HE' !(#. +'#('#1)A % %!$;0)A+)) "'+'B) ;0!A%BA'+$A % 4;!+0'=B'#)) /B./!B!%, !D#.:.CE)7 !D!0#?' ) 74B)/.#$*)' ;!$+4;*) :'B!%'*.: ,<-+1"!(/A, $<-(/A, ,<-%5(/A!8, *+,<-%5(/A!8. 8.;0)"'0, E+ !,+1A,+ 2. *<-#" '( )"!/A / H ,%, '( 78"0(& *!. 91+, / R$'%,+ < *-(-+$. "!/A / H '%!/+84"" /"*1+ (G$.(!%); I"/"1( /078"#6#! ) / ( !*-8>'." /-+*(',( (M. M!>('$+%'#$*)2); E% !/%-+7 ,-.&" !-. %8 $-%',<, / 98"*! )"/"1A (60A;*)#). J!")"! /B./!B!%, ;'0$!#)@)*.1)) "'+'B) $;!$!=$+%4'+ 4;!+0'=B'#)' $0.%#)+'BF#?7 *!#$+04*1)2, *!+!0?' ;0)(.C+ !=0.D4 *!#*0'+#?' :'0+?, ;!"!/.CE)' %!$$!D(.+F % *.>(!" $B4:.' #';!%+!0)"!' $!:'+.#)' 0.D#?7 :'0+ <+!2 $+)7)). 6.* 5.\.

'0"!#+!% $0.%#)%.'+ (%)>'#)' $#'>#?7 %)7-

0'2 $ ;!7!(!" (!D!0., $ ".+'0FC, 4=.C*)%.CE'2 0'='#*.: H /%) )"/"1A $+9+-+) @+$(/, / 0$< %8 *.1A !+ !/"' !"$.@ ) Q%, )%/A ,%>%"/ ,+1.2"1A, / F+"/ #<1A1( %8 )"/"1A! .N. J.BF")# %!$$!D(.'+ D)"#CC #';!/!(4 % !=0.D' %'(F"?: [9FC/.. – E.I.] ?"$A)+7 9% . %"/, / B<$/+ !% %'+), )"/"1A6 / F-"$ +,'+) )"1A,%"/. &!B'' *!#*0'+#?2 !=0.D $!D(.# G.J. &.0?*!%!2: % !;)$.#)) %FC/) ;!A%BA'+$A #.)"'#!%.#)' !04()A ('2$+%)A "'+'B): N A6#%91+$"7,% "#+ [5.BF:)*.. – E.I.] $+#+'81% / ( ! @+@+/+) -*7*', %(05&H*' @1"!/%1% / F-+$-+#&"" /"1+ ! (!/84() <*N0' (&.0?*!%.). 9?0.>'#)' <"!1)!#.BF#!/! $!$+!A#)A B)0):'$*!/! /'0!A – #'!+Q'"B'".A :'0+. ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+!%. 9 D.%)$)"!$+) !+ 7.0.*+'0. <"!1)!#.BF#!135

/! ) !1'#!:#!/! *!";!#'#+., $!('0>.E'/!$A % +'7 )B) )#?7 $B!%.7, ;0'(.'+$A ;0'($+.%B'#)' ! $+';'#) ;0!A%B'#)A $+)7)). K0.: ?">+-, /. *+)'(&A, A6#% %(*(# . (G. J4-*)#); +(*! ) A6#% / F+ 2"1"64() *+18) (30.$!%); B.1 ">"- /85;1.7 ( $<&'.7… ( A6#%

+,'+ / 0/<>%1% /&N#(.$0… (L0)-

/!0F'%); F#)*!%); H )"/"1A 8"05#) / ?!; !/<>(/ *+ ';) (,/.0'%) ) (0. 8. ;0!+A>'#)) %$'/! XX %. !;)$.#)A "'+'B) % !=0.D' >)%!/! $4E'$+%. ;0)!=0'+.C+ %$' =!BF-' ('+.B'2, *!#*0'+)D)04CE)7 <+!+ !=0.D. 8. 04='>' XIX – XX %%. ;!A%BAC+$A #.)"'#!%.#)A :'0+ %#'-#!$+) (!"$+7, 2"1+9<2.", 2"1+#+1+ +7), ;0'("'+!% ) (? (*+$+1, -<,% ), 4*0.-'#)2 ( "'"C, *"-!/"'A), !=!D#.:.C+$A 0.DB):#?' @)D):'$*)' ) <"!1)!#.BF#?' 7.0.*+'0)$+)*). 8.;0)"'0, 01+ '+ "$A)% 1*"07*' /0-0(0', / )%&"/ !'"#+) 1(@%8 )"/"1A (3B?:*!%); J%, >/+ 5" '%) )"0 !. )8/"1( &-0@ (&!/!0.D); E%*18&(?: &%1A, &<2%, 2%1%@+', ,%*+-. 8.;0)"'0, I"/"1A, '%$ ('< 1#(. '% 2-+ A, / K+@';/ ,+16>"6 /+!,+7 (G$.(!%); Q -%'%) #+-8>() 1A';/ / B"1+7 >#!0@ )"/"1A… (3)0)BB!%); E+>A6 )+-+9, % *+$
18<& !'"#+ +7, / '"5'""

$<)%"&A + $-<#" (L0)=.:'%); I"/"1A ! +( /*6'3 !)"'(1% '% -0(.N*7* (L!B!%); F+7$< '% !1<52< )%1+7 '(4"7, / K+ "-88!A A65'+)< /(#H8 (30C*!%.) ) (0. K0.%#'#)' $#'>#?7 %)70'2 $ 0.D#?") %)(.") !('>(? % *.>(!"

136

$B4:.' %?D?%.'+ .$$!1).1)) $ (%)>'#)A"), ;!7!>)") #. 0.D%'%.CE)'$A +*.#). 3!#*0'+)D.1)) ;'0$!#)@)1)0!%.##!/! !=0.D. "'+'B) $;!$!=$+%4C+ #.)"'#!%.#)A <"!1)2 :'B!%'*., :'0+ 7.0.*+'0., @)D):'$*)7 $!$+!A#)2. 8.;0)"'0, I"/"1A /0"#6K$$0 +!/%'+ (1%!A (G$.(!%); L"-"9 )(# /"2"

M,!-

*-"!!" )>%/A!8, / I'" &%#%/A !, +9A ;'8"8, *<-#< (G$.(!%); F+ !/-">%1% 8 *<-#<, / ( ! /"@ *+- !"$+7, ,<$-8 +7, / J& /0H#-$0@ ( (87#50@ / F+9%2./A 8 '" )+#< (&.0*!%.); J%, )"/"1A +2 "'>%1% $&6$0 ( 2"0%$0 / 0)"-/'.7 *-%@ !/%-<@( ! 2"!!)"-/'+7 2-+'9+7 (G#+!*!BF$*)2); =%!.*%1% 9 "-('." /-+*(',( / ?>"-%&'88 "#%28(.$#) )"/"1A (&'(#?2), D ( +,'%, /0-(#) )"/"1A (G#+!*!BF$*)2); F<-#% )"1% !#"#!&(.$0 ( $+1#+ (9.#-'#*)#); 0*(/ + $ +-" 8 !#(#) )"/"1A (G$.(!%); Q%, +&1%

*-+-. / O&H#-$#) *<-#% (T.-

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– -%9)"/%1% A6#% / =0 '3 $(,(" ! +( *-+!/+- (34DF")#.-3.0.%.'%.), L"/ ;-/.7 $"'A *+9;),% 9")16 &%-(/ / ?+-+',%)( 70 '#!0@ ,
137

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– %;!B#' !;0'('B'##!/! «:'B!%':'$*!/!» %)(. ('A+'BF#!$+). 9 *!#+'*$+.7 #.0A(4 $ !=!=E'##?" #.)"'#!%.#)'" /%'"C )B) $! $B!%!" 2%1, !=!D#.:.CE)" !$!=?2 ;0.D(#)* $ +.#1."), ;!A%BAC+$A %)(!%?' #.D%.#)A, *!+!0?' % *.>(!" $B4:.' !+0.>.C+ !$!=?2 +'";'0."'#+ +!/! )B) )#!/! +.#1., . D#.:)+, ;'0'(.C+ $!!+%'+$+%4CE)2 '"4 138

+'"; "'+'B). 8.;0)"'0, H '% ,%5$+) *"-"#+'" / J+1A,+ A6#% *A8'+) !#$A& (G#(0''%); S#$&A !'"5('+,-9 ;9$ (G#(0''%); ? +,'" 1"#,+ ( "1(>% + / ?%-(1!8 9()'(7 !'"5'.7 <#( (K."!2B!%); ?.7$
*+1" $" <&,( <…> / E% 7#--

"*(.-)"/"1(C< / F-(#1%!8/ (U-)#); Q-<5(1% A6#%

/")*" 5#(. # (K."!2-

B!%); W6216 8 *-(!/%1A'+ !)+/-"/A, / Q+#$% (9 !'"5'+#+ 7#$7#$# / ?!/%;/ 8!'"64%8 / "-$A (['/B!%); ?A6#% *18&"/ 7"82058, (K."!2B!%). 8.:)#.A $ ;!'#)) "'+'B) ;0!A%BA'+$A .$$!1).+)%#.A $%ADF (%)>'#)A $#'>#?7 %)70'2 $ ;!B'+!" ;+)1?. 6.*, 'E' G. J4-*)# )$;!BFD4'+ <;)+'+ *"-"1"/'.7 ;0) !;)$.#)) "'+'B): H *"-"1"/'%8 )"/"1A / B1"!/(/ ( A"/!8. 8. 04='>' XIX – XX %%. !=0.D "'+'B)-;+)1? .*+4.B)D)04'+$A D. $:'+ 4;!+0'=B'#)A $B!%, $."?" #';!$0'($+%'##?" !=0.D!" !0)'#+)0!%.##?7 #. %#'-#)2 %)( ;+)1? (,-.1+, ,16 ) )B) #. ;0)$4E)' '2 7.0.*+'0#?' ('2$+%)A. 8.;0)"'0, F/(C% A6#( / J")'+7"3(+7, / K%7 )'" $ % 7"3(#! (&B!*); J+>(/ *<-#% / 0'"5'.7 7(,5 / + 5"1"9'<6 !*('< F"/"-2<-#% (5.0)'#/!@). 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 XX %. (.##!' #.;0.%B'#)' *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) ;!$0'($+%!" !=0.D. ;+)1? ;0!(!B>.'+ 0.D%)%.+F$A. 8.;0)"'0, 1%'+!%?', +'";'0.+40#?' 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) "'+'B) 4+!:#AC+$A D. $:'+ !;0'('B'#)2 *0?BF'% ;+)1?: H !+ 91+) / B(1% A6#%

*"-"*1;/ +,+''.7 /

B"1.) +2)+-+5"''.) 7"3(0' (9)*4B!%). I%)>'#)' $#'>#?7 %)70'2 ;0'($+.%BA'+$A % %)(' ;!B'+. *!#*0'+#?7 ;+)1 – /!B4='2: 01+ '+ !/%8 2"1.@ 20(8<&@, / =% +,'+) ,+1.&A6 / 9)%@( !'"5'.@ ,-.1 (M. M!>('$+%'#$*)2). ,;)$.#)' "'+'B) % !=0.D' ;+)1? $!70.#A'+$A (! *!#1. XX %.: =()% *+1)(-% +*<&(1%. / H9-*+$ )"/"1A'+#+ ,-.1% / /. +!*%-(1% (30.$.%)#). 9 04$$*!2 ;!(.CE)7 $+)7)C. N <+! #' $B4:.2#!, +.* *.* )D(.%.'"?2 -4" A%BA'+$A #'!+Q'"B'"?" $%!2$+%!" (.##!/! A%B'#)A ;0)0!(?. M'/4BA0#!$+F ;!<+):'$*!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) <+!/! ;0)D#.*. "'+'B) D.%)$)+ !+ 7.0.*+'0. «;!$+4;)%-'/! $)/#.B., '/! <"!1)!139

#.BF#!2 !*0.-'##!$+) ) 0A(. (04/)7 @.*+!0!%»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«.*4$+):'$*)7» !=0.D., *!+!0?', *.* ;!*.D.B ".+'0).B, -)0!*! )$;!BFD4C+$A % ;!(.'"!' !$!=?") D%4*.") (*1%>, *1%,%/A, -""/A), !=!D#.:.C+ D%4*!%?' ('2$+%)A :'B!%'*. )B) >)%!+#!/! ($4E'$+%)+'BF#?' – !/+', -" , @+@+/; /B./!B? – &"*/%/A, #+1+!(/A, !/+'%/A, 9%./A) ) ;0!A%BACE)'$A ;0) <+!" <"!1)) (#.0':)A – 5%1+2'+, <'.1+, !"-$(/+). 8.;0)"'0, F A6#% ( '0"!#+!%); J+1A,+ A6#% ,%,/+ / T#(0<$&@ &<)(/ (8)*)+)#); ? *
+/-

>(9'" )+"7 / Q /+!,1( .) $#/&5#' $",%2-A!,+7 )"/"1( (8.($!#); R'% [9FC/.. – E.I.] /0K! 1(&A +2 +$'+), / R'% *+;/ + !+1'C" 6#%! ( '0"!#+!%); ? >(!/+) *+1" )"/"1A <…> /0K! (5'2); F+$ /& $,- A6#< 9()'66 / R,-"*1%

140

$<)% 16/%8 (8'*0.$!%); 01.&(&A $(,(" !/+'. +1,+ / H (9#1( +" /&$.& )"/"1(… (8'*0.$!%). 8. 04='>' XIX –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…>, / 0+@-%'(1 !<-+ +'"5'.7 / G+ +- $-" '(@ $'"7? (&0C$!%); F+$ 1%!,+ .7 1K/0! A6#( (&B!*); J+1A,+ A6#% $+1#() '&;0' / =%1( %"/!8

!'"#%@ (&B!*); N 9% +,'+) *+$

)"/"1A'." 5 ;(*/3 (H$'#)#); F+$ 50/(* A6#( !'"5'+7 (&0C$!%); H "/-% ! (!/, ( "0/0! 65'+7 A6#( (9!B!-)#). J!A%BAC+$A #!%?' B'*$):'$*)' '()#)1?: !*" %/A!8, *" <>(7, @+-. 8.;0)"'0, F(-<8, +'( [I04DFA – E.I.] "1(>%1( "!'<, / 0 )"/"1A6 /&5#(* . (@ #()'. (&0C$!%); E"/ (!@+$% A6#%) /&58N*'! (&B!*); L' <+.;' 0.D%)+)A ;!.CE)7 D%4*) "'+'B), ;!A%BAC+$A #.D%.#)A "4D?*.BF#?7 )#$+04"'#+!% ) ;0!)D%!(#?' !+ <+)7 #.D%.#)2. Z;!+0'=B'#)' +.*)7 $B!% #.;0.%B'#! #. +!, :+!=? %?D%.+F .$$!1).1)) $! D%4:.#)'" #.D%.##?7 )#$+04"'#+!%. 8.;0)"'0, Q%, )'" 162+ !1<&%/A / ?A65'<6 5*"&(.! (&B!*); S"8<#'* A6# / ?+9 "!/( 89.,(… (H$'#)#); H

*+18@ #<18"/

!)"-/A – / 0'"#+ +7 !"8<#N (&B!*); ? )"/"1( – 5*"&(*, ( 9+ *+ !/-<'%) (&.BF"!#+); E+ '" 2.1+ '%*" % ,-%&" / J +(@ )"/"1A'.@ <8<&$A05!.. (3BC'%). 9 ;!
0?' !=!D#.:.C+ !;0'('B'##?' 0':'%?' ('2$+%)A – +/,1(,%/A!8, /+-(/A, ,-(>%/A )B) <"!1)), %?0.>.CE)'$A ;!$0'($+%!" /!B!$., – @+@+/%/A. K0'() #)7 '$+F '()#)1? !(#!/! *!0#A $ +'") $B!%."), *!+!0?' 4>' %$+0':.B)$F % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 XIX %. 8!%)D#4 >' )" ;0)(.C+ .@@)*$?, $!!=E.CE)' (!;!B#)+'BF#?' $"?$B!%?' !++'#*). 8.;0)"'0, ? )+(@ #+-%@ 0!20(0 *(* A6#( (5'>)0!%); ,*8/A «0<1(,+» 9%*" %"/ #-<9(', / H 5!0"*! 9% +,'%)( A6#% (,-.#)#); H %#50&! )"/"1A, ,%, *;! (G$.(!%); Q-<#+) *<-#% 5*%6*! (L0)=.:'%); Q%, !@ %>"''.7 9% +2&1%#% / R0;0N8H&, A6#+7 '%-+>'.7 (J.$+'0#.*); ? /<1<*" *+$ -%!*" 2<-%'% (L0)=.:'%); F1./A *+ @1828), !1<&%/A 5*%2 )"/"1( (L0)=.:'%); ? %#535#$.* 2<-%'% / F+/+'<1(: /6-A)%, / T,!,%%/+-., ,-%'. (J.$+'0#.*). M'>' % <+!+ ;'0)!( %!D#)*.'+ !=0.D ;'$#). R' [5. 9!B!-)#. – E.I.] *"!'6 !1(1 ! *+1.''.) $<@+) #+-, / 0 %#/&50' A6#( K(,+) *+1" (G#(0''%); H @)"1A'+) )"/"1A'+) /&"&%50$& / ?!") /-+() *-(#-"9(/!8 +'% [9'$#.. – E.I.] (3)0)BB!%). J!D)+)%#! !*0.-'##?2 .*4$+):'$*)2 !=0.D "'+'B) $!D(.'+$A ;0')"4E'$+%'##! D. $:'+ 4;!+0'=B'#)A #.D%.#)2 "4D?*.BF#?7 )#$+04"'#+!%. ,+"'+)", :+! #.0A(4 $ #.D%.#)A") )#$+04"'#+!%, %$+0'+)%-)"$A 0.#'', ;!A%BAC+$A ) #!%?': S1"7/%, !,-(*,%, $<$+>,%. 8.;0)"'0, I"/"1A <…> / 9%(#-%"/ '% >(&@!& (&!*!%); W(&A 2-+$(/ )"/"1A'%8 7"*/7#… (M4=1!%); Q%, >;-/+ )+!/ +1"$"'" / F18!%1 *+$ -8-0N78 )"/"1( (G#+!*!BF$*)2). ,$!=?2 0)+", #'*!+!0!' !(#!!=0.D)' -4". "'+'B) $!D(.'+$A D. $:'+ 4;!+0'=B'#)A $B!%. *%'(@($%. 8.;0)"'0, I"/"1A /#$*;*-8 . +$(/ (H%+4-'#*!). 9 ;!'#)) -4". "'+'B) ;!<+? 4;!+0'=BAC+ $B!%., !=!D#.:.CE)' +);? /!B!$. – 2%!, /"'+-, ;!(:'0*)%.C+ D. $:'+ $B!% )"1+$(8, !()S+'(8 0)+"):#!$+F ) /.0"!#):#!$+F "4D?*.BF#?7 D%4*!%, *!+!0?' $;!$!=#. )D(.%.+F "'+'BF. 8.;0)"'0, R/ *'>0$*@ M/(@ !'"5'.@, / F-+! (!/" &(@ <&( )'", / '(,+#$% '" 2<$< '"5'.), / '" $+ "-6!A /(&('" (V.B."!%); =% "1( <# 3 2<-%'. / ( )"/"1( !&$0"# (V.B."!%); K+1#+(#-%64%8 A6#%. / 4&(0-*) *">%1A'% ( *-+!/% (,0B!%).

142

N+.*, =!BF-!' *!B):'$+%! !=0.D!%, 0.$*0?%.CE)7 !$!='##!$+) D)"#'2 #';!/!(?, $%AD.#! $ 0.D#!!=0.D)'" ;0!+'*.#)A <+!/! ;!/!(#!/! A%B'#)A, *!+!0!' %?0.>.'+$A % ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+) ) % !$!=!" D%4*', ) % $)BF#?7 ) #'0.%#!"'0#?7 ;!0?%.7 %'+0., ) % 7.!+):#!" (%)>'#)) $#'/.. =0$A&/!8#(.$3@ /"*%$#7 $&2# ‘!#)$*&’. J!<+):'$*.A *!#1';+4.B)D.1)A ;0!1'$$. +.A#)A $#'/. !$4E'$+%BA'+$A % (%47 #.;0.%B'#)A7 % D.%)$)"!$+) !+ +!/!, *.*!2 '/! <+.; )D!=0.>.'+$A. J'0%!' #.;0.%B'#)' $!$+!)+ % $0.%#'#)) ;0!1'$$. +.A#)A $#'/. $ (%)>'#)'" >)%!/! $4E'$+%., %+!0!' – $ ;0!)D#'$'#)'" D%4*!%, !+0.>.CE)7 )7 $7!($+%! $ *.;'BFC, 0'D4BF+.+!" +.A#)A. J'0%!' #.;0.%B'#)' *!#1';+4.B)D.1)), ;!A%)%-''$A % ;!'#)) ;!$B'(4CE'/! %'*., 0'.B)D4'+$A % ;!<+):'$*!" AD?*' ;!$0'($+%!" 4;!+0'=B'#)A /B./!B!% (%)>'#)A: 2"5%/A, !2"5%/A, *+2"5%/A, <7/(, !*+19%/A, ,-%!/A!8, *+*1./A. 8.;0)"'0, 0'"# -%!/%81 ( 81K( (6C+:'%); 0)+/-(, – <&6#( *+!1"$'(7 !'"# *+1"7! (T4*!%$*)2); 0 +,-"!/'.@ #+- <5" !'"#% / G<&6#(* )A8)( (J4-*)#); P5" <&2#(* ! *1(/ !'"#% (&B!*); :<->%, *+ '%,1+'%) <&6#(* -<>A8)( !<#-+2. (&0C$!%); H /%1.7 !'"# ,%'% %@ /0<&6*!… (34D")#); 0'"# /0(%#&! ! ,-.& (9.#-'#*)#); F+ + -%#%) /0(%#&! !'"# ( 4*!#)#); Q+#$% ! @+1)+ "" [R)"?. –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

143

9+!0!' #.;0.%B'#)' 74(!>'$+%'##!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)) +.CE'/! $#'/. ;!A%BA'+$A % ;!;)

!1<>%7'+) "#%2050"& / 0 ,%*"1A6 2050"*! %*-"1A

(J.$+'0#.*); Q%*"1A '" !/(@%"/, / 0 +" 53%5#$*5#)…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

!/",1% (M. M!>('$+%'#$*)2); [6)-)#.. – E.I,] L/+ ,%*é1A !+2(-

-%1%!A /(#7#!., / E+ !+!<1A,+7 !"-+7 '%/",1% (L0)=.:'%); E(#N&! ,%*"1A6 "!"''"6 ,-.&% (I'"FA# &'(#?2). G#.B)D ;!*.D.B, :+! % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 XVIII – XX %%. !+0.>'#? %$' $!$+!A#)A $#'/.. ,#) ;!(%'0/.C+$A <$+'+):'$*!"4 !$"?$B'#)C =B./!(.0A %?('B'#)C "#!>'$+%. 7.0.*+'0)D4CE)7 ('+.B'2, *!+!0?' ;!(:'0*)%.C+ 0.D#?' $+!0!#? <+!/! ;0)0!(#!/! A%B'#)A, 0.$*0?%.C+ .*+4.BF#?' '/! /0.#), $!D(.%.A #';!%+!0)"4C *.0+)#4. O'B!$+#!$+F @0./"'#+. ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+), D.;':.+B'##!/! ;!<+.") 0.D#?7 ;!*!B'#)2, ;!D%!BA'+ 4%)('+F '()#$+%! 144

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

3.2. U-*$*A3 -&$0!#!*5$020 7(# # < $&2> 7#7 70'/0$&$!3 0<"#%$020 0/* #$*) 0#! $4()+F ;! +!"4, *.* !+('BF#?' '/! $%!2$+%. )$;!BFD4C+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) (04/)7 !=Q'*+!%. 9 <+!" !+#!-'#)) #.)=!B'' $4E'$+%'##?" ;0)D#.*!" $#'/. A%BA'+$A '/! ;0)0!(#?2 1%'+. J0)D#.* ='B!/! 1%'+. $#'/., #';!$0'($+%'##! %!$;0)#)".'"?2 D0)+'BF#!, ;!B4:)B #.)=!B'' 0.##CC @)*$.1)C ;0) $!D(.#)) 74(!>'$+%'##?7 !=0.D!% (04/)7 !=Q'*+!% ) $+.B %;!$B'($+%)) +0.()1)!##?" (BA 04$$*!2 B)+'0.+40?. 6.*, 5.9. J)"'#!%. % 0.=!+' «30.$!+!C 4*0.$)» !+"':.'+, :+! $0.%#)+'BF#?2 !=!0!+ 8,+ !'h#X 2h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

*04;#?7 /04;; *!#+'*$+!%, $!!+#!$AE)7$A $! $B'(4CE)") !=Q'*+."): :'B!%'*, 0.$+'#)A, ;+)1?, >)%!+#?', .0+'@.*+?. J0) .#.B)D' *.>(!2 /04;;? !*.D?%.'+$A D#.:)"?" ) +!, *.*)' $%!2$+%. %?('BAC+$A % !=Q'*+.7, $+.%-)7 ;0'("'+!" <$+'+):'$*!2 *!#1';+4.B)D.1)), ) +!, *.* !#) #.D%.#?, ) +!, % *.*!2 AD?*!%!2 @!0"' ;'0'(.'+$A !=0.D#!' $!('0>.#)'. J!<+!"4 #'!=7!()"! ;!$B'(!%.+'BF#! 0.$$"!+0'+F $!$+.% !+('BF#?7 /04;;. J;0)D#.* ='B)D#? $#'/. % *.:'$+%' !=0.D#!/! $0'($+%. ;!A%BA'+$A % ;!) /'0!)#).

)0):'-

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… / E(5< )8#,+#+ 2+-+$,%, / ?+,-<# <&(0@, 7#7 $&2, 1&* (3.#+'")0); U C"1<6, 1+2.9%6 / K<&< )(1<6 #!2 ='B)D#?: #-<$A (*"-!(), 1%'(/.. G % @4#*1)) !=!D#.:'#)A 1%'+. #.0A(4 $ !$%!'##?") B'*$'".") (!'"5'.7, 2"1+!'"5'.7) $+.B )$;!BFD!%.+F$A 'E' !()# )D *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> – !'"#+ +7. N#+'0'$#! !+"'+)+F *!#+'*$+4.BF#4C !/0.#):'##!$+F <+!/! <;)+'+. – !# )$;!BFD4'+$A B)-F ;0) !;)$.#)) ='B?7 ;B': ) 04*, #.;0)"'0: 0'"#+ ." / E(&N# ( "87* / "-$. ,%, #-%'(/ (M!$+!;:)#.). I%. (04/)7 <;)+'+., *.* ) % ;! G+-(/ ,-<# #+-$+#+ >"1%, / H <&(0 $&6$3& (#$*!3 / K<) '"146

+2X8/'.@ ,-+"/ )#1% (6';BA*!%); H '% /&" ); <&(0 $&6$3; / H9<)-<$'.7 /%1(!)%'! (3!DB!%); H 8 ,<&%6 -%7 '% 2"8-* <&(0 $&6$0@ (M.'%$*)2); 3!/A +1&"2'+" +,'+, / J&(0 $&6$0, "870@ / R/,-. %"/!8 +'+ (J!B'>.'%); <….> #$" ($"1 +' #+1+ ,< ">"-,+), / H &%1A, ( 1+,+/A "8N7* <&(0 $&6$0@ ( '0"!#+!%); J"'A +/ 1(C% )+"#+ /-"*"4% <*%$%1% / E% 2"1(9'< "" 2"8-* <*-<#+7 ( $&6$0@ (['0=)#.). ,=0.+)" %#)".#)' #. +!, :+! % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 <+!/! ;'0)!(. ;!A%BAC+$A /'#)+)%#?' *!#$+04*1)), %?0.>.CE)' ;0)D#.* ='B)D#? >'#$*!2 *!>) >'#E)#?: I'" )(1<6 8 ( <…> / H #-%C(7 "" !/%' *-"1"!/'.7, / H $&2 "" (*A# (G.K. J4-*)#), H !/-+7'.7 !/%', ( $&2 2"8-&@: / H D() '%-", "" Q(*-($+7 (5.2*!%). 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 XIX %. ;0) !;)$.#)) 1%'+. *!>) ;!A%BAC+$A !;0'('B'#)A, %*BC:'##?' % $0.%#)+'BF#?2 !=!0!+ $! $B!%!" !'"#. 8.;0)"'0, H *1">( 2"1.", ,%, /&"53@ !'"# *+1"7 (JB'E''%); Q%, "#$$*@ !'"# @+1)+ , / ?.@+$(/ 5"'4('% '%#%8 (G. J4-*)#); Q%, -+9. $"''(C. 5( .", / Q%, "#$$*& !'"#% *+1"7 –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– +9$<&'.7 !,(/%1"C – / F-(5)< $&2050& (*A0 (&'B?2); =%/<)%'"'. !'+) / '%*1. %64"7 '+>( / '% (*A& $&2050' / #+1<2." 2"9<)'." +>( (&'B?2). 9!-%+!0?7, ;!A%BA'+$A *!";.0.+)%#.A @!0"., %*BC:.CE.A $B!%! 2"1+!'"5'.7, *!+!0!', %?0.>.A $."4C %?$!*4C $+';'#F ='B)D#? $#'/., '/! !$B';)+'BF#4C A0*!$+F, ;!D%!BA'+ %?0.D)+F ;0'($+.%B'#)' ! #'D'"#!" !=0.D' >'#$*!2 *0.$!+?. 8.147

;0)"'0, J. /"*"-A 2"9)8/"5'"" $'8, / J&(0 $&6$&@ "#+ +21%,+ (L4")B'%); E" 2.1+ ( '"/ + !"7 *+$1<''+7 / J&(0 $&6$&@ *1"> (&B!*). 8.0A(4 $ <+)" (.##!' $B!%! ;0!(!B>.'+ 4;!+0'=BA+F$A ) *.* <;)+'+: R' 162(1 "" #+-$+ ( '"5'+ <…> / '+ (#-0$* "; <&(0 $&6$0@ / 21"$'.7 -.C%-A ,+!') $0.%#)%.B)$F $! $#'>#!2 ='B)D#!2. ,(#.*! % +'*$+.7 *!#1. XX %. ;!(!=#?' $0.%#'#)A ;!A%BAC+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) !=#.>'##!/! >'#$*!/! +'B., #.;0)"'0, ?@+5<, % +'% (05$0 $&2 / W"5(/ -%!,($% &(!A

*+!/"1( (J0)/!%); G$", ,%, J%'#"79"- <

?"'"-., / F1"'"''.7 $&6$0@ $#20!0@, / U $ %$C%/A 1"/ 5( <

*"4"-", /

G+-8 "$('!/ "''+7 )">/+7 (V.B."!%). M'/4BA0#!' )$;!BFD!%.#)' <;)+'+!% !'"5'.7, 2"1+!'"5'.7 % $!D(.#)) !=0.D. /'0!)#) ;0'(!;0'('B)B! @!0")0!%.#)' ;!%+!0ACE)7$A ;!<+):'$*)7 $!:'+.#)2. 6.*, $!:'+.#)' #-<$A 2"1+!'"5'% (-%8) %$+0'+)B!$F % ;0!)D%'('#)A7 .%+!0!% XIX ) #.:.B. XX %%.: 9. M.'%$*!/!, 8. I!=0!BC=!%., 3. M?B''%., . J.BF")#., 8. ['0=)#?, 9. K!B!/4=.. K!:'+.#)' 2"1+!'"5'%8 -<,% – % ;0!)D%'('#)A7 5.

'0"!#+!%., G. J!B'>.'%., G. &B!*, -<,% 2"1+-

!'"5'%8 –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

$+!% G.9. 3!BF1!%. !;)$?%.'+$A =?$+0.A $"'#. <"!1)2, :+! %#'-#' ;0!A%BAC+$A % 0'D*!" )D"'#'#)) 1%'+. B)1.: ?)(# +#'") 1(C+ !" !*.@'<1+, / B"1.) !'"#+) *"-",-.1+!8. 9 ;!
#+-%@, 2"1% (34D-

")#); N@, !%) 8 21"$"', ,%, !'"#% (&B!*); L/+ (' %$'/! «='$1%'+#!$+F» $#'/., . #' '/! A0*4C ='B)D#4, *.* % 0.#'' ;0!.#.B)D)0!%.##?7 ;0)"'0.7, 7.0.*+'0)D4CE)7 *!>4 :'B!%'*.. 8'/.+)%#.A <"!1)!#.BF#.A !*0.-'##!$+F, *!+!0.A ;!A%BA'+$A % ;!(!=#?7 *!#+'*$+.7, 4$)B)%.'+$A D. $:'+ 4;!+0'=B'#)A $B!%. *+)"-/ " &(7 % *.:'$+%' !$#!%.#)A $0.%#'#)A: J. )+1>(&A, @+1+$'.7, 5' )$;!BFD4'+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) :'B!%'*., )$;?+?%.CE'/! $)BF#?' #'/.+)%#?' <"!1)). 8.;0)"'0, J. /%, '"'% ($"1, >/+ !'"#% 2"1"7, / B"1"7, >") )+1+,+, / I"-C%1( !;&A ( )$#A#$*.A). 149

6.*)" !=0.D!", % ;0!1'$$' 0.D%)+)A ;!<+):'$*!/! AD?*. ;0)D#.* ='B)D#? $#'/., !$"?$B)%.'"?2 % ;!), #.:)#.A $ XIX %., ;!$+';'##! ;!B4:.'+ #!%!' !$"?$B'#)': «$#'>#?2» 1%'+ B)1. A%BA'+$A ;!*.D.+'B'" $)BF#?7 (4-'%#?7 ;'0'>)%.#)2. 9 $!D(.#)) %#'-#!$+) /'0!A *!";!#'#+? ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> )$;!BFD4C+$A #' +!BF*! ;0) !;)$.#)) 1%'+. *!>), #! ) ;0) 7.0.*+'0)$+)*' 1%'+. $'(?7 %!B!$. 9 0'.B)D.1)) ;!<+):'$*!2 @!0"4B? +1+!. ,%, !'"# #.=BC(.C+$A (%' +'#('#1)): ;'0%.A $!$+!)+ % ;!$+';'##!" ;0)%B':'#)) % ;!<+):'$*)' +'*$+? '()#)1 ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>, %+!0.A –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– !'"#, *!+!0?2, $!'()#AA$F $ !$#!%!2 $B!%. 21"4<4(7, .*+4.B)D)04'+, ;!")"! ='B!/! 1%'+., ;0)D#.* A0*!$+) =B'$*. $'(?7 %!B!$. 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 XIX %. *04/ *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>, 7.0.*+'0)D4CE)7 $'(?' %!B!$?, 0.$-)0A'+$A, * !;)$.#)C ;0)%B'*.C+$A <;)+'+? !'"5'.7, !'"#+ +7, $0.%#)+'BF#?' *!#$+04*1)) $! $B!%!" !'"#; % *!#1' XIX %. ;!A%BA'+$A $B!%! – ('"7. J!(+%'0()" ;0)"'0."): J. #1% < !"$<6 , *"-!8) *-",1+'(1, / H >"1+ / +", W% -%)( +2 (/+, / G$&6$3'* 1%!%)( *"-!/ ",+ *+,-.1 (3!0$.*!%); I+# 2. #+ +-(/A + !"$('" / ?+1+! "#+, + 2+-+$" *+>/"''+7, / W"/%)(, 2<$/+ $&20', <2"1"''+7 (3C7'BF='*'0); H ,<$-( (@ 2"1., ,%,
(G. J4-*)#), ?"/- 1%!. "#+ 9 " %"/, / B"1." ,%, *"- .7 $&2 (&4#)#.); 0)+/-(, ,%, *$&@ !"-"2-(/!8 / P5 #+1+ % )+8… (U*4=!%):). 9 !(#!" )D ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+!% 3. M?B''%. %$+0'+)B$A !**.D)!#.BF#?2 /B./!B: W $&6*() >;-'.7 +1+!, / H 2<1%/ $-+5(/ -<," (M?B''%). 9 $'".#+)*' $!D(.##!/! /B./!B. $!%"'E.C+$A ;0)D#.*) ;0!+'*.#)A ('2$+%)A ) '/! 0'D4BF+.+. 8'$!"#'##?2 )#+'0'$ ;0'($+.%BAC+ $!=!2 "'+.@!0):'$*)' *!#$+04*1)), % *!+!0?7 $4=Q'*+#4C ;!D)1)C D.#)".C+ $B!%., !+0.>.CE)' +);):#4C ;0):)#4 ;!$'('#)A %!B!$ – -")8, !/%-+!/A. I.##?' '()#)1? % $!:'+.#)) $ /B./!B.") – 2-+!%"/, +!.*%1% – ;!"!/.C+ %!$$!D(.+F ()#."):#4C *.0+)#4 ;!$'('#)A %!B!$ % %)(' ;.(.CE'/! $#'/.: 9 $%1A ( $%1A '"!;/!8 -")8, / 0'"# 2-+!%"/ )'" '% /")8 (3C7'BF='*'0); I(1.7 $-<#, / +( ,<$-( / 0/%-+!/A '" !,<*+ 0 3/#(# $&20'! (I'BF%)/). 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7 04='>. XIX – XX %%. ;0) !;)$.#)) 1%'+. $'(?7 %!B!$ #' #.=BC(.'+$A $4E'$+%'##?7 !+B):)2 !+ ;0'(-'$+%4CE'2 +0.()1)) % )$;!BFD!%.#)) *!";!#'#+!% )D4:.'"!/! ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$.. 5'>(4 +'" ;0'($+.%BA'+$A )#+'0'$#?" ;0!*!""'#+)0!%.+F «#!%4C» >)D#F !(#!/! !**.D)!#.BF#!/! !=0.D!%.#)A XVIII %. 6.*, % $+)7!+%!0'#)) G. &'B!/! «&)+%.» (1903) (BA 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) =!0!(? )$;!BFD4'+$A <;)+'+ !'"#+21"4<4(7: I"/%1(!A

1%9<-( 2+-+$ $&20<(&H8H*; ,1+,(. 8.;!"#)", :+! <+!+ <;)+'+ *

$B!%4 +1+!. =?B 4;!+0'=B'# L.M. I'0>.%)#?" % $+)7!+%!0'#)) 1810 /. – !'"#+21"4<4( 1%!.. 8')D%'$+#!, A%BA'+$A B) <+! $!D#.+'BF#?" D.)"$+%!%.#)'" )B) ;0'($+.%BA'+ $!=!2 #'D.%)$)"!' #!%!!=0.D!%.#)', !(#.*! ;!A%B'#)' <+!/! <;)+'+., #'$!"#'##!, $%)('+'BF$+%4'+ ! +!", :+! «$"?$B!%?' $/4$+*) #4>(.C+$A )"'##! % <+!2 @!0"', 0.D !#. %!D#)*.'+ D.#!%! % AD?*!%!" $!D#.#)) (04/!2 <;!7)» [M'%D)#. 1998, $. 15]. M.$$".+0)%.'"!' $B!%! 4;!+0'=B'#! G. &'B?" ) % (04/!" $+)7!+%!0'#)), #.;)$.##!" % 1929 /. : F+M/ ( 2-%/, – !/"9"7 *+-S(-'+7 – / ? !'"#%,

"/-%,– !,+-"7, – /<$% – / ? 9"-,%1A-

'." >"-/+#( 1A$% / H $&20<(&H8H&20 S(-'%. 9 (.##!" +'*$+' $B!%! !'"#+21"4<4(7 $!:'+.'+$A $! $B!%!" S(-' (‘;B!+#! $B'>.%-)2$A, D'0#)$+?2 ) :.$+):#! ;'0'*0)$+.BB)D!%.##?2, !=?:#! "#!/!B'+#)2 $#'/’), +'" $."?" !=0.D 151

=B'E4E'/! $#'/. )$;!BFD4'+$A (BA 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) $)ACE)7 BF()#. 6.*)" !=0.D!", !**.D)!#.B)D" !'"#+21"4<4(7, ;!A%)%-)2$A % +'*$+.7 L.M. I'0>.%)#., «;!%+!0)B$A» % +'*$+.7 G. &'B!/! % #!%?7 $!:'+.#)A7: 2+-+$ !'"#+21"4<4(@ ,1+,(, !'"#+21"4<4(7 S(-'. 9 ;!' $+.%-)") +0.()1)!##?") $0'($+%.") !;)$.#)A $'(?7 %!B!$ ;!<+? )$;!BFD4C+ +.*)' *!";!#'#+? <$+'+):'$*!/! ;!BA ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>, *.* *+-+&%, (9)+-+9A, "'+.@!0):'$*!' $!:'+.#)' !'"5'%8 ,-<*%. 8.;0)"'0, F"!,() '"!)"1.), <…> / R&(2,< / H!*-% 186 (5'>)0!%); ?!/<*%1

+-+/% B+-+ (C,(" /

U ! '8'"7, !"$"'A,+7, ,%, $&2 (G#(0''%); H *+9$'() $&20' !"$('% / F-+2(1%!A '% "" (!,( (I!B".+!%$*)2); ?+1+! )+7 $&205 2"1"7 (&./0)1*)2); J. !,%5"&A, >/+ *%$%"/ -")8, ,%, 821+,+ '+>A6 !%$<, / ,%, *%'0"0%. *%1% '% /")8 /

,%,+) '"(9 "!/'+ #+$<… (&'0//!BF1); K%, *+)+#1( ., / '"!>%!/A8

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– % $+0'"B'#)) ;!<+!% * $!D(.#)C !**.D)!#.BF#?7 '()#)1.

152

K XVIII %. ;0)D#.* ='B!/! 1%'+. %"'$+' $ '/! $%!2$+%!" ;!*0?%.+F ;!%'07#!$+F $+.B )$;!BFD!%.+F$A ;0) !;)$.#)) 1%'+. !('>(? ) (04/)7 )D('B)2 )D +*.#). J!<+):'$*.A @!0"4B. +$"5$% (/,%'A) ,%, !'"# +.*>' 0'.B)D4'+$A =B./!(.0A 4;!+0'=B'#)C <;)+'+. 2"1+!'"5'.7 ) $0.%#)+'BF#?7 !=!0!+!%, %*BC:.CE)7 $B!%! !'"#. J!(:'0*#'", :+! % <+!+ ;'0)!( !=Q'*+!" !;)$.#)A %?$+4;.C+ «%?$!*)'» !=0.D? (=!/) ) /'0!)), :+! =?B! $%!2$+%'##! ;!<+)*' *B.$$)1)D".. &'B?2 1%'+ $#'/. $B4>)B <+.B!#!" #0.%$+%'##!2, (47!%#!2 :)$+!+?. 8.;0)"'0, J%)

"*%#; H!/(''% '"/1"''.@ / H *%>" !'"#% <2"1"'-

'.@ (J'+0!%); G1<@+" 2+5"!/ +, !<$87, / B"1"" !'"#% + ;(#'*-& (M.()E'%); Q%, !'"# !0$N*A# 2"1% +2 " %"/ / 3" +-"@+,<->%/. 1%!. (I'0>.%)#); ?($ ! +7 !/-+7'.7 +21",1% / B"1+!'"5'.)( 50($#'* (5./#)1*.A). 9 ;!(? (-<2%@%, !+-+>,%). 8.;0)"'0, W"#,(7 #%9 / F-(1A'<1 , '"7 "*%0@ 2"1+!'"5'+7, / F+ (1 "" +$"5$+7 '"5'+7 (M!$+!;:)#.); ? (!/+)" $" !/ "''+7 < '"7 / H9-*+$ 0"0N7* 2"1+!'"5'+7 <…> / ! "/(1!8 21"!, "8 +>"7 (J.BF")#); R'

"8<#;& ($;/ 2"1+!'"5'+7 (L)BA0!%-

$*)2); 3#+ 1(C+ !*+,+7'+-8!'+ / H 2"1, ,%, !'"#, 50"0!$*N07 (J.BF")#); ? ! +(@ -<,%@ +'% $"-5%1% !7#$* <…> / R$'% / B"1%, ,%, !'"#, '"5'%, ,%, *<@ 1"285(7 (9'2#='0/); B.1%, ,%, !'"#, 2"1% '% ';) 0-&6-#, / H "!A !(81 +' 21"!,+) '"9")'.) (GB".D!%). 9 ;!' 0.#'' !$%!'##?' *!";!#'#+? ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>. 8.;0)"'0, F-+7$;/ "4; '"$"18, / H !/%'"/ /0(0!$0 2"1"" !'"#% (34D")#); N-@%'#"1A!,%8 /(&('% <…> / ? '"7 @-
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– / 2<$,(, / L/+ !/",%6/ 9+1+/+) , *1"><. (3)0)BB!%); B"1+!'"5'+" /07"35#(0 / *+,-. %1+ $+ . #-"@( ([)0!%$*)2), G+1+ ,% "; &"1,+ (!/%, / H '#$!*) !'"#% 2"1"7 (R.=!B!1*)2); N

)+") $+)< '"2+ !+ 9 ;9$%)(, / G7#-

!&"!. *.&'%8 – !'"#% 2"1." (&.0*!%.). 9 04$$*!2 ;!(., )D('B)A )D +*.#), #! ) 1%'+ 0.$+'#)2, !;'0'#)' ;+)1, -'0$+F #'*!+!0?7 >)%!+#?7, . +.*>' 1%'+ $!!04>'#)2. 9 *!#+'*$+.7, !;)$?%.'"?7 ='B?7 ;+)1, #.=BC(.'+$A +. >' D.*!#!"'0#!$+F % )$;!BFD!%.#)) *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>: *04/ <$+'+):'$*) !$%!'##?7 '()#)1 ;!$+';'##! 0.$-)0A'+$A, % +!" :)$B' ) D. $:'+ !**.D)!#.BF#?7 !=0.D!%.#)2. ,=0.D ='B?7 ;+)1 ;!A%BA'+$A % ;!%!, / E" !1%4" / +"#+ *+;/

*+!1"$'(7 -%9! (&.+C--

*!%); B1(9 +9"-% !($"/A, / G$" (&<&-. <&(0 $&6$3@ / <…> F1. ;/ + 91%/" +1' (G. J4-*)#), D%!,%1;''.7 9'+"), );-/ .7 '"2+!,1+'. / E" )"1A,';/ ';) N#@7# $&6$0@ 2"1(9'+7 (8.($!#).

154

,=0.+)" %#)".#)' #. +!, :+! !=0.D ='B!$#'>#!/! B'='(A $+.B +0.()1)!##?" (BA ;!<+)*) 0!".#+)*!% ) #.:)#.'+ )$;!BFD!%.+F$A ;! !+#!-'#)C * (04/)" !=Q'*+. ")0.. 8.;0)"'0, % $+)7!+%!0'#)) 3.S. M?B''%. «J4$+?#A» $ 1"2"$") 2"1+!'"5'.) $0.%#)%.'+$A B4#.: P'.1% ( 21"$'%, / 0-"$A 8-,(@ 9 ;9$ +$'%, / Q%, 1"2"$A 2"1+!'"5'.7, / F1. <4%8 1<'%. Z;!+0'=B'#)' $)#+./"? 1"2"$A 2"1+!'"5'.7 % *.:'$+%' !=0.D#!/! $0.%#'#)A $%)('+'BF$+%4'+ ! $+.#(.0+)D.1)) <+!/! ;!<+):'$*!/! %?0.>'#)A. ,$!='##! .*+)%#! )$;!BFD4C+$A <;)+'+? !'"5'.7, 2"1+!'"5'.7 ;0) $!D(.#)) !=0.D!% ='B?7 ;+)1 % ;!<+):'$*!" AD?*' 04='>. XIX – XX %%., ;0):'" #.0A(4 $! $+.%-)") +0.()1)!##?") !=0.D.") B'='('2 ) :.'* ;!A%BA'+$A !=0.D /!B4=A: ?+$ ,-.1+) ,%!%"/!8 N#@7# 2"1+!'"5'%8 (S!@.#!%); :0(8<. '"5'.7, 2"1+!'"5'.7, +' *-+ +-'.7, ,-<#+ +7, / L' A%BAB!$F %7,( $&6#!, / +/ !+1'C% ,-.1A8)( /"'8. O%'+ ;+)1, )7 (%)>'#)' % #'=' $0.%#)%.'+$A $ ;.('#)'" $#'/., :+! @!0")04'+ 4 /B./!B. *!#+'*$+4.BF#!' D#.:'#)' ‘B'+.+F, *04>)+F’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
155

;.(.CE)' $#'>#?' 7B!;FA $0.%#)%.C+$A $ B'='()#?" ;47!", :+! A%BA'+$A +0.()1)!##?" (BA ;!'#)' ;! !+#!-'#)C * !;0'('BA'"!"4 $B!%4, %$' >' !*.D?%.'+$A $%AD.##?" $ #)" :'0'D (04/)' *!";!#'#+?. 8.;0)"'0, ?.!+,%8 (&<&-. *1. "/. / F1. "/ <&(0 $&6$0& -*50, / :( +/'+", *+1'+" #-"9 (R.=!B!1*)2); D#@7*

>(!/+7, <&(0 $&6$0@ >0"'& / W;"#,()

!/-+") )()+ *-+'"!1(!A ( 4/!%$*!2). ,+"'+)", :+!, *.* ) #. ;0'(?(4E)7 <+.;.7 0.D%)+)A ;!, 4:.$+%4CE)' % )D!=0.>'#)) ='B?7 ;+)1, %*BC:.C+$A % =!B'' $B!>#?' "'+.@!0):'$*)' !=0.D?. 8.;0)"'0, I. K."!2B!%, !;)$?%.A $!$+!A#)' +%!0:'$*!/! ;!(Q'"., $0.%#)%.'+ )$;)$.##?' $+0.#)1? $ ;!B'+!" $+.) ='B?7 /4$'2: F(!%/A, (92"#%8 '" "-A8 / ? !"28. L/+2 !,-(*"1( ##?7 ;+)1 #.('BA'+$A (!;!B#)+'BF#!2 <$+'+):'$*!2 #./04D*!2, 0.D%)%.'+ $)"%!B):'$*!' D#.:'#)'. 9 ;!)%!+#?7 – !=)+.+'B'2 *.* 0'.BF#!/!, +.* ) %?"?-B'##!/! ")0.. ='B?") *.* $#'/ )D!=0.>.C+$A *!#), '()#!0!/). J0) <+!" .%+!0? )$;!BFD4C+ 0.DB):#?' $0'($+%. %?0.>'#)A <+!/! ;0)D#.*. $0.%#'#)A: *!";.0.+)%#?' *!#$+04*1)) $ *!";!#'#+!" !'"#, <;)+'+ 2"1+!'"5'.7. J0'!=B.(.CE)" $0'($+%!" !;)$.#)A %?$+4;.'+ <;)+'+ 2"1+!'"5'.7. 8.;0)"'0, E% 2"1.@, ,%, !'"#% B(%-)((, 70$); (&.+C-*!%), E+!(/!8 70$&@ /%2<' &%1A'+7. / B"1+!'"5'." -%9 "81( 2"*53 (3!#'%$*!2), K18 $" <&", – 8'/%-'." *1+$. / H 2"1.", ,%, !'"#, &-*$0"02* (L4")B'%). R."'+)", :+! $B!%! ,+'A 156

)$;!BFD4'+$A, *.* ;0.%)B!, % +'*$+.7 $ %?$!*!2 $+)B)$+):'$*!2 !*0.$*!2, . $B!%! 1+&%$A – $ #'2+0.BF#!2. 6.*, % $+)7!+%!0'#)) 8.K. L4")B'%. «K"'0+F», ;!$%AE'##!" %!2#' 1914 /!(., $!D(.# !=0.D ='B?7 *!#'2, $!('0>.#)' *!+!0!/! %!;B!E.'+ 0!".#+):'$*!' %!$;0)A+)' %!2#? *.* =B./!0!(#!/!, ;0.%'(#!/! ('B.: 0 +$ '"2"!'.7 2<$"/ -%9$ ('
9).1"'+

$&6$0@ / ,-%!% "C '%"9$'(, *-+)>%1!8. 9 ;!' +0.()1)!##?7 !=0.D!% ='B!$#'>#?7 *!#'2, %$+0':.C+$A ) !=0.D? (04/)7 >)%!+#?7, 1%'+!!=!D#.:'#)' %?0.>.'+$A +'") >' <;)+'+.") 2"1+!'"5'.7, !'"5'.7 ) $0.%#)+'BF#?") *!#$+04*1)A") $! $B!%!" !'"#. 8.;0)"'0, F%-"'A &;1 ( < !"@ #%9(-+ 4(C / F+,<*%1 +$< ! !(-+*+), / N "#+ 2"1+!'"5'%8 (01#-. / '%216$%1% <…> (K."!2B!%); 0 (4"/ +!A – "$"/ #+!/A, / =0$., ,%, +21%,, 2"1+!'"5"' (K."!2B!%); F+ *
/")'"64"7 *.1( / *+$5%-.7 /K )"1A,%"/ 1&" !., !'"5'+7 (8.=!-

*!%); F+$!/-"16 <&()7# / 2"1+#+ !'"#% 2"1"7 (5.0+?#!%); F1"'(/"1A'.7 ( 2"1+!'"5'.7 / U 18"/!8 &-*$0"02 (J0)/!%); R' *%$%"/, '% !/-">< !'"5'.7 <#" (J0)/!%). 9 D#.:)+'BF#!" *!B):'$+%' ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+!% XVIII –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
<&(&@… (G(."!%):); K " "0%3 -%!,-.1(!A ( !*.@'<1( #-;9+7 / K-<#%8 – #+-84%8

$&6$0@ '")+7 2"1(9'+7 (&.BF"!#+); B"1.7 1%'$.&,

$&6$3@ (#$-31, / E%& C "/+,! (&0C$!%). J!A%B'#)' ;!%+!0ACE)7$A ;!<+):'$*)7 $!:'+.#)2 ;0)%!()+ * )$;!BFD!%.#)C )7 % *.:'$+%' !=0.D#?7 $0'($+%. 8.;0)"'0, +.*!' 4;!+0'=B'#)' #.=BC(.'+$A % $+)7!+%!0'#)) .G. 5'A, % *!+!0!" !;)$?%.C+$A "!0!D#?' 4D!0? #. !*#': E% !/",1%@ -%!*(!%1 '%& $"$<&,%-)+-+9 / H9 1('(7, 1%'$.&"7 ( <&(0 $&6$3; "0% [!= 4D!0.7 #. $+'*B.7. – E.I.]. 9-+0'+F)7, !$"?$B'#)A 1%'+!% $!D(.C+$A !**.D)!#.BF#?' '()#)1?. J0!)BBC$+0)04'" <+4 !$!='##!$+F #. ;0)"'0.7, )D%B':'##?7 )D $+)7!+%!0'#)2 ;!<+!% 0.D#?7 <;!7. J.G. 9AD'"$*)2 (BA !;)$.#)A 1%'+. 0!D )$;!BFD4'+ % @4#*1)) <;)+'+. !**.D)!#.BF#!' !;0'('B'#)': E%& $+)+-+4"''.7 )+-+9 / ?*1"/%"/ 9 ;9$. 1"$8'." / ?

"',( /81* !0-

$&6$3; -+9. K!'()#'#)' % !(#!" $B!%' #.)"'#!%.#)2 +.*+)BF#?7 ) D0)+'BF#?7 !E4E'#)2 $!D(.'+ !=0.D 0!D $ #'>#?"), =.07.+)$+?") ='B?") B';'$+*."). 3. &.BF"!#+ % )D!=0.>'#)) 0!D $!D(.'+ +0'7$B!>#!' !;0'('B'#)': I'" !'8/!8 -+9. ,-%!'.", / H 9+1+/(!/+->%7'.", / H $&6$0- $&6$0-<&(3&. K!'()#'#)' % !(#!" $B!%' #.)"'#!%.#)A 1%'+. ) 4*.D.#)' #. +0';'+#!' !+#!-'#)' * 1%'+." $!D(.'+ +0!/.+'BF#?2 %!B#4CE)2 !=0.D. J0) <+!" % !;0'('B'#)) 1%'+. #.D%.##?7 0!D )$;!BFD4'+$A ;0)'" /0.(.1)): ,-%!'." – ;0!$+! #.D%.# 1%'+, 9+1+/(!/+->%7'." – 1%'+ $ !++'#*!"; '"5'+-!'"5'+-2"1." – 1%'+ $ !++'#*.") ) %?0.>'#)' !$!=!/! !+#!-'#)A * ='B?" 0!D.". P;)+'+ !'"5(!/.7, $!D(.##?2 3. &.BF"!#+!" 0.#'', %$+4;.'+ % #!%?' $B!%!!=0.D!%.+'BF#?' !+#!-'#)A: % 0'D4BF+.+' (!=.%B'#)A ;0!(4*+)%#!/! $4@@)*$. +!/A- !=0.D4'+$A .=$+0.*+#!' $4E'$+%)+'BF#!' !'"5(!/+!/A, ;!$0'($+%!" *!+!0!/! ;!<+ !;)$?%.'+ B';'$+*) +CBF;.#.: ?+' ($(&A, #-%''.", / ? !'"5(!/+!/A,

$+)% &"!/(-

$<&(!/+!/A +&1( [, ;:'B.7, %B'+.CE)7 %

+CBF;.# – E.I.]. 8!%!' $B!%! $!D(.'+ !=0.D 1%'+!%, ;!7!>)7 #. $#'/ #' +!BF*! ;! 1%'+4, #! ) ;! %#'-#'"4 %)(4 =.07.+)$+!$+) B';'$+*!%. 30!"' +!/!, $B!%! !'"5(!/+!/A % 4$B!%)A7 (.##!/! *!#+'*$+. A%BA'+$A "'+.@!0):'$*)"

158

#.)"'#!%.#)'" ;?BF1?, $4=$+.#1)A *!+!0!2 +.*>' %?D?%.'+ .$$!1).1)C $ ;4-)$+?" $#'/!". K $'0'()#? XX %. 0'/4BA0#!$+F !;)$.#)A ='B!/! 1%'+. 0!D, B.#(?-. ) B)B)) ;0) ;!"!E) '()#)1 ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> )$:'D.'+. ,(#.*! ;0)D#.* ='B)D#? $#'/. .*+4.B)D)04'+$A ;0) $!D(.#)) !=0.D!% (04/)7 1%'+!%. 6.*, #. 04='>' XIX –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

$&2 6# '*$# (J.$+'0#.*); <…> 1%5'+ C "/"/

5%!)('+ .7 !'"#… (U/!()#1'%.). ,=0.E'#)' * ;0)D#.*4 ='B)D#? $#'/. !*.D?%.'+$A D#.:)"?" ) ;0) !;)$.#)) %'$'##)7 ('0'%F'%. 8.:.B! <$+'+):'$*!/! !$%!'#)A <+)7 !=Q'*+!% =?B! ;!B!>'#! ;!<+.") XIX %. ,+"'+)", :+! ;!")"! 1%'+. % 0A(' $B4:.'% .*+4.B)D)04C+$A ) (04/)' ;0)D#.*), $7!(#?' (BA $#'/. ) 1%'+!% ('0'%F'%. 8.;0)"'0, Q*/# !8 *+$ $&6$3' /8;0' (5)7.2B!%); J. !1+ '+ )<(0$* C "/., / Q+#$% (@ $&2 *+,-.1 !)6K(3@ (G. 6!B$+!2); X<(0$*

C "/" 21%-

#+ +''+), / B<$/+ 5 $&6$0' &"&<"& (5.2*!%). 9 (.##?7 *!#+'*$+.7 ;0) !;)$.#)) 1%'+4E)7 ('0'%F'% .*+4.B)D)04'+$A #' +!BF*! ='B?2 1%'+ $#'/., #! ) +.*)' ;0)D#.*), *.* ‘7.0.*+'0 ;!%'07#!$+)’, ‘+A>'$+F / B'/*!$+F’, ‘$;!$!=#!$+F !+0.>.+F $%'+’. M.$-)0'#)' !=0.D. $0.%#'#)A D. $:'+ .*+4.B)D.1)) 159

(04/)7 $%!2$+% $#'/. $;!$!=$+%4'+ =!B'' "#!/!.$;'*+#!"4 !;)$.#)C 1%'+4E)7 ('0'%F'%. 9"'$+' $ +'" )#+'0'$#!, :+! ;0)D#.*), !=Q'*+#! 7.0.*+'0)D4CE)' 1%'+? ('0'%F'%, % !+('BF#?7 *!#+'*$+.7 D.#)".C+ ;!D)1)C ;0) $B!%' !'"#. 6.*)' *!#+'*$+4.BF#?' $!:'+.#)A, %$+0'+)%-)'$A % +%!0:'$+%' ;!<+!% XIX ) ;'0%!2 ;!B!%)#? XX %%., $!D(.C+ !0/.#):#!' $B)A#)' ;0'("'+. ) !=Q'*+. $0.%#'#)A, $;!$!=$+%4A )#+'/0.1)) $"?$B.. 8.;0)"'0, 0%$ +/,-.1!8 ")<, 2"1"64() (#-0 !$3' $&20' (3C7'BF='*'0); L/+ $&20' /. @+1+$'.) !>"1 – / W(&A *-+2<5$"'A" 5(9'( '+ +7, / 0*1+&'+7 -81* !3@ A5&! !%$+ .7 (S'+); 981* !3@ $&2 "!'. – +*% &(" C "/.! (S!@.#!%); ?+/- +/ >"-;)<@% -%!,('"/ / 0 +( -81* !3& $&2# (&0.4#). 9 +':'#)' %$'/! XX %. ;!$+!A##! 0.$-)0A'+$A *04/ !;)$?%.'"?7 0.$+'#)2. J0) ;!"!E) *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> !=!D#.:.'+$A ='B?2 1%'+ ('0'%F'% (='0'D., :'0'"47.), *4$+.0#)*!% (*.B)#.), (04/)7 0.$+'#)2 (*!%?BF, B'#), ;!D(#'' %$'/! % ;!"-;)<@, 7#(*$0@ $&6$0, / H !"-2%-(''(,+) < (/% !8 (G#(0''%); D&"K'8;0@ $<&(!/+7 / F%@'<1+ )'" 1(C+,– +'%, 7#7 $&2, 2"1"1% (I0!>>)#); ?($(/ $&6$3@ 7053(. / ( )%@'+ C" ,+16>(" )+-$. ( 4/!%$*!2); QK$ < N $+/A( – >/+ /"2" $&2! (U-)#), B"1.", 7#7 $&2, <&"K%3 / 9 +',() 9+1+/+) +$"/. ( 4/!%$*!2), ? $&6$3; ';#;, #$" #1<25" &%# ( #1<&", / ? #-<2+7, #+1+7 >"-'+/" ,-<&(' / )+5") ). )+1>%/A /"*"-A ( !1<&%/A (L0'='#E)*!%.). ,=0.D? :'0'"47) ) ='0'D? #.)=!B'' 4$+!2:)%! .$$!1))04C+$A $ M!$$)'2. 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 *!#+'*$+.7 !;)$.#)A 1%'+4E'2 :'0'"47) %$+0':.'+$A % ;0!)D%'('#)A7 K. H$'#)#., N. K'%'0A#)#., K. I0!>>)#., 8. &0.4#., . G#(0''%., 5. N$.*!%$*!/!, 8. SB'0!%., 9$. GD.0!%.. 8.;0)"'0, H +/ N&"K'8; !'"5'%8 "!'%… / U 9'%6 !%), ",%)( &1% ! *+M/+)… (SB'0!%); ?+91" M/+#+ $+)%, / ,+#$%-/+, ,%, */(C.

*+1;/. / ?.&" !'"5'.@ N&"K'8; /

?91"/"1( #+-+&('. '+/ (GD.0!%). ,=0.D ='B!$#'>#!2 :'0'"47) %$+0':.'+$A (.>' :.E', :'" !;)$.#)' ='0'D, :+!, %!D"!>#!, !=QA$#A'+$A +'", :+! 1%'+? :'0'"47) ;! $%!'"4 %#'-#'"4 %)(4 =!BF-' ;!7!>) #. $#'/ #. !+('BF#?' !+('BF#?' $#'>)#*), +!/(. *.* ='0'D? $ ='B?") $+%!B.") :.E' $0.%#)%.C+$A 160

$ #'%'$+."), "!B!(?") ('%4-*."). 8.;0)"'0, /'0!2 *)#!;!%'$+) 9.5. V4*-)#. «3.B)#. *0.$#.A» ;0A"! #.D?%.'+ ='0'D? «#'%'$+4-*.")». 9 0!".#+):'$*!2 ;!'#)A. 9 =!BF-)#$+%' $B4:.'% )$;!BFD4C+$A <;)+'+? 2"1+!'"5'.7, !'"5'.7, 0'>' !'"#+ +7, $B!%! !'"#. 8.)=!B'' 4;!+0'=)+'BF#?" A%BA'+$A !=0.D ='B?7 !=B.*!% () +4:, =B)D*)7 % !=?('##!" $!D#.#)) * !=B.*."), %!;B!E.CE)2$A ;0) ;!"!E) 0.DB):#?7 $0'($+%. 8.;0)"'0, ?$-<# $&6$3 +21%,% '%$ *+1") *-+'"!' $B!%., A%BACE)'$A ;0)"'+!2 $+)BA !(#!/! .%+!0.. 6.*, % ;!'%8 -",% <…> (&.BF"!#+). 9 $+)7!+%!0'#)) \. 6'0.;).#! )$;!BFD!%.#! !**.D)!#.BF#!' #.0':)': F1. #!2 ".$$? ‘0?7B!$+F’. 9! %+!0!" ;0)"'0' /0."".+):'$*.A 0!BF #.0':)A $;!$!=$+%4'+ ;'0'(.:' 1%'+!%!/! ;0)D#.*. ;B?%4E)7 !=B.*!% ) $%!2$+%! $#'/. ‘(%)>'#)' ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’. M'/4BA0#!$+F !=0.D. $#'>#!/!, ='B!$#'>#!/! !=B.*. ;!D%!BA'+ .%+!0." )$;!BFD!%.+F '/! *.* $0'($+%! %?0.>'#)A (4-'%#!/! $!$+!A#)A /'0!A. 161

8.;0)"'0, %'$'##'' #.$+0!'#)' !;0'("':)%.'+$A ) )D!=0.>.'+$A % %)(' !=B.*., *!+!0!' !B)1'+%!0A'+ 0.(!$+F, (4-'%#4C /.0"!#)C: ?"&'"" '%!/-+"'("! / R'+ '%$ !/+1+) *%-(/ / I<(#70' <&(0 $&6$3'. / H 9%*%@+) *-8'+'"5'.) / Q-"*>" ('% *A8'(/ (G$.(!%). 9 XX %. ;0) ;!"!E) *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> $!D(.C+$A !=0.D? #'=.. 9 #'"#!/!:)$B'##?7 ;0)"'0.7 ;'0'(.'+$A )#()%)(4.BF#!' $!('0>.#)', %?0.>'##!' 0.DB):#?") $0'($+%."). 8.;0)"'0, % $+0!:*.7 5. O%'+.'%!2 O&<0 ,%/(1+ !<#-+2. / ?%1+)

*+1'+>'<6 )
$B!%. !<#-+2 $!D(.'+$A !=0.D !=B.*!%, (%)>4E)7$A ;! #!:#!"4 #'=4. K'".#+):'$*!' $!('0>.#)' $B!%. (‘#."'+'##.A %'+0!" *4:. $#'/.’) )";B)1)+#! %?0.>.'+ ) ='B?2 1%'+ !=B.*!%, ) )7 !;0'('B'##4C @!0"4. 8'=!, #'0.%#!"'0#! ;!*0?+!' !=B.*.") 0.D#!2 $+04*+40? (-82+"), 7.0.*+'0)D4'+$A ;0) ;!"!E) <;)+'+., %?0.>.CE'/! 1%'+ – !'"5'.7: Q-<5(1+!A $&<0 – / $&6$0&, -82+" (M. M!>'$+%'#$*)2). 9 $%AD) $ ('"!*0.+)D.1)'2 ;!'#)' ;0'("'+!% )D !=?('##!2 >)D#). 8.:)#.A $ $'0'()#? XIX %. % ;!.'+$A ;-'#! (G. J4-*)#), ;0!$+!*%.-. (LB)#*.), "4*. (G#(0''%); <;)+'+ !'"5'.7 !;0'('BA'+ 1%'+ $.7.0#!2 ;4(0?, D'0'# (&!=0!%). 9 #'*!+!0?7 $B4:.A7 !$#!%.#)'" (BA $0.%#'#)A $B4>)+ #' +!BF*! ='B?2 1%'+ $#'/., #! ) 0.DB):#?' ;0)D#.*) '/! ;!*0!%.. 8.;0)"'0, % $+)7.7 J85;1.@, /+)'.@ (*5 #+1<2+ %/.7 *$&@, / ! (!%8 9% *1"/"'A. G18$(/!8

+$+;) (3)0)BB!%) $0.%#'#)' $

)#''" 0)$4'+ +!:#?2 !=0.D A/!(. G$$!1).1)A $ )#''" ;'0'(.'+ !$!='##!$+) ;!%'07#!$+) $;'B?7 $B)% $ +!#*)" #.B'+!". 9 (04/!" ;0)"'0' ;0'("'+!" $0.%#'#)A A%BA'+$A $!BF: G0(. *-+!/<*%1%, ,%, 7"* !#((3 $&2# / *-( %9(%/!,+7 )+1+$+7 1<'" (I!B".+!%$*)2). 8'0.%#!"'0#!' ;!A%B'#)' $!B) #. ;!%'07#!$+) +!:#! ;'0'(.'+$A $ ;!"!EFC $0.%#'#)A: !+('BF#?' ='B?' ) $%'0*.CE)' *04;)1? $!B) #.;!")#.C+ .%+!04 *0)$+.BB? $#'/., *!+!0?' =B'$+A+ ;0) B4##!" $)A#)). Z;!+0'=B'##!' .%+!0!" $0.%#'#)' !$#!%?%.'+$A #. 162

$7!($+%' *04;)1 $!B) $! $#'>)#*.") ;! 1%'+4, @!0"', +'*$+40'. 9 $+)7!+%!0'#)) I. K."!2B!%. !=0.D $#'/. ;0)%B'*.'+$A (BA !;)$.#)A .0=4D.: R' 2"-"/ 1+)+/A %-2<9% – ,-%!'+ %/.7 ;"8 !7*@ $&2. K!:#.A, 0?7B.A "A*!+F $;'B!/! .0=4D. #.;!")#.'+ .%+!04 $#'/, . %!D#)*.CE)2 %! %0'"A '(? D%4* – $0.%#)%.'+$A $ 704$+!" $#'/., *!/(. ;! #'"4 )('+ :'B!%'*. 9 ;! )$;!BFD4C+$A (BA 1%'+!!=!D#.:'#)A D(.#)2, ;!$+0!'*, "'7.#)D"!%, :+! +.*>' A%BA'+$A $B'($+%)'" ('"!*0.+)D.1)) B)+'0.+40? ) 0.$-)0'#)A /0.#)1 «;!<+):'$*!/! $!('0>.#)A». J0) <+!" )$;!BFD4C+$A *.* +0.()1)!##?' <;)+'+? 2"1+!'"5'.7, !'"5'.7, +.* ) !**.D)!#.BF#?' $B!%. – 2"1+!'"5'+-,-%!( .7, !'"5'+-2"1.7. J0)%'('" #'*!+!0?' ;0)"'0?. K-" '(7 ,+ >"# <…> / *-"+2-%5%"/!8

*%-

-/ (1( %/+)+@+$ / 0 <&(0 $&6$0-7"# *50@ S%1A&( +7 !"8<0,! (5.0+?#!%); Q !%)+)< *-(@+$< / <&(0 $&6$#) «+#")» [6';B!7!(. – E.I.] / ?!,+1.@'<1% +$< (S!*)#.); N ). #18$() – / +7'. $%1;,+7 ,-"!/'(,( – / '% $&6$0-<&(3@ 78< -50"A# «Z('18'$(8»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– !'"#+ +7, !<#-+2, ('"7. 9 +':'#)' XVIII – XX %%. 4 +0.()1)!##?7 <;)+'+!% $)#+./".+):'$*)' $%AD) 0.$-)0AC+$A. ,$!='##! <+! 7.0.*+'0#! (BA $B!%. 2"1+!'"5'.7, *!+!0!' !=!D#.:.'+ ‘!$B';)+'BF#! ='B?2, ;!(!=#?2 $#'/4’ 0.DB):#?7 ;0'("'+!%. 9+!0.A D.*!#!"'0#!$+F D.*BC:.'+$A % +!", :+! % *.>(!2 )D %?A%B'##?7 163

/04;; 0'.B)2 ;0) #!")#.1)) 1%'+. 4;!+0'=BAC+$A !**.D)!#.BF#?' '()#)1?, ;!A%B'#)' *!+!0?7 %?D%.#! $+0'"B'#)'" ;!<+!% * ;!)$*4 %$' #!%?7 ) #!%?7 @!0" %?0.>'#)A 74(!>'$+%'##!/! $"?$B.. 9 74(!>'$+%'##!" !$"?$B'#)) 0.DB):#?7 !=Q'*+!% ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+) *!";!#'#+? ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> ;0)%B'*.C+$A (BA 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) #' +!BF*! 1%'+., #! ) (04/)7 ;0)D#.*!%. 8'*!+!0?' )D #)7 (‘0?7B!$+F’, ‘B'/*!$+F’, ‘*0)$+.BB):'$*.A $+04*+40.’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…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‘(%)>'#)'’. 164

9 ;!'#)A (%)>'#)A ;?B), ;'$*.. 8.;0)"'0, H 5.,20@ 9-.1%!A #1%$A *"!,+ (LB)#*.); F.1A )"/"/ '&!&(., 9'+7'+7, / L.,20@ +#'"''+7 9+1. (9AD'"$*)2). ,=0.D =40) )$;!BFD4'+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) $+0'")+'BF#!/! ;!A%B'#)A %!2$*.: K5(#(/. '%&( *+$+!*"1(, / Q%, $&6$3 <8"* '%1"/"1(, / H -%# '% =%*%$ *+2"5%1 (&'BA'%). 60.()1)!##?" (BA 04$$*!2 ;!(/!8 5"1/.7 1(!/ (LB)#*.); Q%,

1(!/A8@ +!"''88 5.,2# (G. 6!B$+!2). 9 #.:.B'

XX %. !=0.D B)$+!;.(. ) 1%'+!:#!2 %FC/) %$+0':.'+$A 4 ;!<+!% 0.DB):#?7 B)+'0.+40#!-<$+'+):'$*)7 %D/BA(!%, :+! $%)('+'BF$+%4'+, #.(! ;!B./.+F, $B!>)%-'2$A +0.()1)) +.*!/! 4;!+0'=B'#)A. 8.;0)"'0, J+1A,+ 9'%6 –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

9;B!+F (! *!#1. XX %. ;!<+):'$*.A "!('BF $ (5"'(" +2X",/+ ,%, )"/"1A 0'.B)D4'+$A % $+)7!+%!0'#)A7 0.DB):#?7 ;!<+!%. 8.;0)"'0, W(!/+*%$ *+1.@%"/, 5.,6*! (G$.(!%); BA"/!8

!/",1% 9 ;9$'%8 '&!&(. / ?)"!/" !

/+*+1('+6 /0"01&, (G$.(!%); ?!,(*%1( *+$

"/-+) C "/'." '&!&(*, /

0/"*'%8 $+-+#% (9#(2%@ /"-81%!A (K40*!%); P/ "-5$"'. #+-8>(" ",% / =1+/+'+!'+7 5.,20, *&"'(C. / H +21%,%)( *.&'+#+ @1+*,%!.. (9.$)BF'%); E+ 9 <>(/ (9 9%,-./.@ $ "-"7 / J+/ '%*" <…> / W"*"!/,+ +7 '&!&(., (J!BA*!%.). 30!"' !;)$.#)A 1%'+!% ) B)$+F'%, % ;!'#)' (04/)7 !=Q'*+!%. 8.;0)"'0, $ "'+'BFC .$$!1))04'+$A ;!B'+ ;+)1, :+! %?0.>.'+$A *.* % "'+.@!0):'$*!" 4;!+0'=B'#)) /B./!B. A65(/A, +.* ) % $+.#(.0+#!" $0.%#)+'BF#!" !=!0!+': P -+4( $.)+) 5.,6#! ) !, +-C. (L0)=.:'%); T/+ 1"2"$( '"9%*'+ '%1"/"1(, ,%, '&!&(. (H%+4-'#*!). ,=0.D %FC/) ;0)%B'*.'+$A ) (BA 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) 0'D*)7 (%)>'#)2 :'B!%'*., #'0'(*! 0'.B)D4CE)2$A ;0) <+!" :'0'D !;)$.#)' (?. 8.;0)"'0, E< ( 62,(! <…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

#?7 ('2$+%)2. 8.;0)"'0, N ,%, *+&1% 50&$$#) '&!&(., / ,<$%-/+ B<7 <"@%1% %-/"1A (I4()#); <…> !, +9A 02$&$$8, 5.,28 / I+7 2%/%1A+' *"-;$ &%#%1 (K%'+B!%); 0'"#

'%,-%*" ,-+ % +7 -+!., / E8(&'K!$0@ '&!&(., (!!"-

>"''.7 (K40*!%); N *+!1" 50&$$3& 5.,2* / E% ",( ( !%).7 / +7 !1"$ / =%)"1( (J0)/!%); R' .&"1 *% 5*$A050@ %#'&!* / !+1$%/!,() @-(*1.) 91%/+.$.") %!2#?, %$+0':.C+$A % ;!'#)A !=E'2 *.0+)#? D%'D(#!/! #'=., *!$"):'$*!/! ;0!$+0.#$+%., !=Q'*+? *!+!0!/! #.7!(A+$A % #';0'*0.E.CE'"$A (%)>'#)), % ;4BF$)04CE'" "'01.#)): H 8 ,-(>< !, +9A 9 ;9$'<6 /8"28, / L/+ 8 +$(' 2"9 !>%!/A8 '" )+#/% – / =+1+/%8 !*(-%1A / 9% ,+1AC+) #%1%,/(>"!,+7 5.,2* (G#(0''%); Q1<2(/!8, &<-&% *+ !1"$< (@ [K!D%'D()' /!#:)7 ;$!%. – E.I.], / Q+!)(>"!,%8 /8"2# (G$.(!%). 9 #'"#!/!:)$B'##?7 $B4:.A7 .%+!0? !=0.E.C+$A * $%!2$+%." ;.(.CE'/! )B) B'>.E'/! #. D'"B' $#'/.. 8.;0)"'0, L.M. I'0>.%)#, !;)$?%.A 0.$+'0D.##4C ;+)14, $0.%#)%.'+ ;!B'+ ;'0F'% $ ;.('#)'" $#'/.: R-"1 *-+5+-1( .7, ,+#/(!/.7 / P*%1 ! '"2"!. / Q16"/, /"-9%"/, 2A;/ ,-.1%)(, / H *<@ 1"/(/, 7#7 $&2, *+18)(…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‘+.A#)'’ .*+4.B)D)04'+$A ;0) !;)$.#)) )$:'D#!%'#)A *!/!-B)=! )D ;!BA D0'#)A. R."'+)", :+! +.*)' !=0.D? %$+0'+)B)$F B)-F % +'*$+.7 XIX %. ) *!#1. XX %., ;0):'" %! %$'7 D.@)*$)0!%.##?7 *!#+'*$+.7 167

)$;!BFD4C+$A +!BF*! B'*$'"? !'"# ) !'"#+ +7 % $!$+.%' $0.%#)+'BF#?7 !=!0!+!%. 8.;0)"'0, ;!%'('#)' BC('2 % !$!=?7 $)+4.1)A7 $!;!$+.%BA'+$A $ +.A#)'" $#'/.: 0*"&%/ +/ 1+5% )+"#+ – / ?!" -+9'A, 7#7 !07* $&2053&, / Q%, ! +" +1A'." -<>A( (LB)#*.); K% '+ .7 @+- *" C+ (!>"9'"/ *"-"$ '"6, / Q%, $&2 *"-"$ 1(C+) +#'8! (UD?*!%); [,= 4-'(-)7 /!$+A7 – E.I.] L/+2 9%/") 2")%$3' $&20' *+!*"&'+ (!/%8/A *-(@+5"7 (5'>)0!%). 9 *!#1' XX %. $ +.A#)'" $#'/. $0.%#)%.'+$A #')D='>#?2 47!( )D >)D#) $"'0+'BF#! =!BF#?7 BC('2, $"'0+F :'B!%'*.: E+ /4"/'+ , '() [&!BF#?' 4")0.CE)' ('+). – E.I.] ($/( ! +*-+!+). / Q%, *"- .7 !'"#, ,%, 1"#,(7 $.) / R'( <@+$8/ (5.+4$!%$*)2); H +' <)-;/, ,%, !'"#, ( *-" -%/(/!8 #-89A (G7".(4B)#.). 6.*)" !=0.D!", ;0)D#.*) $#'/. *.* %)(. .+"!$@'0#?7 !$.(*!% .*+4.B)D)04C+$A % 74(!>'$+%'##!" !$"?$B'#)) 0.DB):#?7 @0./"'#+!% ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+). 8.)=!B'' :.$+!+#?" A%BA'+$A !=0.E'#)' ;!<+!% * ='B!"4 1%'+4 $#'/. ;0) !;)$.#)) *.* $."!/! :'B!%'*. ) .0+'@.*+!%, +.* ) !=Q'*+!% ;0)0!(? (0.$+'#)2, >)%!+#?7, %!D(4-#?7 ".$$). IBA !;)$.#)A 0.DB):#?7 $%!2$+% !=Q'*+!% ")0. )$;!BFD4C+$A !=0.D? "'+'B), %FC/), =40), :.E' %$'/! ;!"!/.CE)' !7.0.*+'0)D!%.+F ='$;!0A(!:#!$+F, 7.!+):#!$+F (%)>'#)A, #'4;0.%BA'"!$+F ;0!1'$$.. I04/)' *!#1';+4.BF#?' ;0)D#.*) $#'/., ;! $0.%#'#)C $ #.D%.##?"), ;0'($+.%B'#? #'D#.:)+'BF#!. 9 1'B!" !+"'+)", :+! ;0) <$+'+):'$*!" !$%!'#)) !=Q'*+!% ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+) )$;!BFD4'+$A !/0.#):'##?2 *04/ *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/>, *!+!0?', !(#.*!, ;!D%!BAC+ !7.0.*+'0)D!%.+F 0.D#!!=0.D#?' $%!2$+%. "#!>'$+%. ;0'("'+!% >)%!2 ) #'>)%!2 ;0)0!(?, .0+'@.*+? ) %#'-#)' :'0+? :'B!%'*..

3.3. U-*$*A3 -&$0!#!*5$020 7(# # < $&2> 5 0<"#%$0@ "&/"&%&$!#A** -8;05$3; 8H$0 !&@ M.DB):#?' *!#1';+4.BF#?' ;0)D#.*) $#'/. )$;!BFD4C+$A ;!<+.") 0.D#?7 <;!7 ;0) !=0.D#!" !;)$.#)) +'7 A%B'#)2, *!+!0?' !+#!$A+$A * "'#+.BF#!2, (47!%#!2 $@'0' – ;$)7!B!/):'$*!' $!$+!A#)' :'B!%'*., '/! #0.%$+%'##?' *.:'$+%., %;':.+B'#)A !+ $!=?+)2, +':'#)' %0'"'#). 9.>#'2-)" )D +.168

*)7 ;0)D#.*!% %?$+4;.'+ 1%'+ $#'/., *!+!0?2 ;!B4:.'+ $)"%!B):'$*!' !$"?$B'#)' % ;!'#)A «%#'-#'2 ;0)0!(? ) B):#!2 >)D#)» [J!+'=#A 1990, $. 141]. 9 ;!<+):'$*)7 ;0!)D%'('#)A7 04='>. XIX –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

$&6$0-7* &@$0'.

9 +%!0:'$+%' (04/!/! .%+!0. <+!/! ;'0)!(. ;0) !;)$.#)) !('>(? %'B)*!"4:'#)1? 9.0%.0? +.*>' )$;!BFD4'+$A !**.D)!#.BF#?2 <;)+'+: O&!(&$$0-<&(0 $&6$0, / R$"5$+7 2"9)8/"5'+6 / ?,-<# !/%'% !8 9%,-.1%!8 (3!#'%$*!2). 3!";!#'#+ '"/1"''+- 0'.B)D4'+ ;'0'#!$#?' D#.:'#)A: ‘#'$!*04-)"?2, %':#?2’; ‘#'D'"#!2, #'='$#?2’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

%.): 0 $<&+6 !'"5'+-'"5'+7, / E% !"@ *.E)" % =)=B'2$*!2 $)"%!B)*' ='B!"4 1%'+4. P;)+'+? 2"1+!'"5'.7, !'"5'.7 % ;!'#)', "?$BF’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
AD?*' (%$+0'+)%-'/!$A % ;0!)D%'('#)A7 H. GB);.#!%., 3. &.BF"!#+., G &B!*.. 8. L4")B'%., N. 5.BA0!%!2, 8. J!BA*!%!2), . +.*>' 70)$+).#$*.A +0.()1)A )D!=0.>'#)A #'='$#!/! .#/'B. $ ='B?") *0?BFA") @!0")04'+ 4 !=0.D. ='B!2 ;+)1? $)"%!B):'$*!' D#.:'#)'. J+)1. *.* 4#)%'0$.BF#?2 $)"%!B :)$+!+? ) $!%'0-'#$+%. A%BA'+$A $)"%!B!" (47., (4-), +.* *.* $%AD?%.'+ #'=! $ D'"B'2 [P#1)*B!;'()A 2006, $. 76]. 9 +'*$+' 5. J!D(#A'%. % !=0.D' ;+)1? $ ='B!$#'>#?") *0?BFA") ;0'($+.'+ (4-.: J., )+8 $<&%, / 'A8,

M/+/ >%! 2+-"-

M/+/ >%! *%$"'(8, -%!!.*%8 / ! +" <&(0 $&6$0& 0/&"&$.& <…> '"

!*%!%7 )"'8 +/ '"9$"&'"7 )<,(! / E+ 21%#+!1+ (. 9 !=0.D' ;+)1? .%+!0 !;)$?%.'+ (4-4, %!D"!>#!, .#/'B., =!0CE'/!$A D. >)D#F :'B!%'*.. J.('#)' ;'0F'% $)"%!B)D)04C+ =!0F=4. X'B!%'* !E4E.'+ ;0)=B)>'#)' $"'0+) ) ;0!$)+ =B./!$B!%'#)A: F-"5$" >") /"28 +/*<4< '% +16, / *-"5$" >") '% ", -%9+5)'#)' (4-) % !=0.D' ='B!$#'>#!2 ;+)1? ;!(('0>)%.'+$A $!!+#'$'##!$+FC !=0.D. $#'/. $ $)"%!B):'$*)" D#.:'#)'" ='B!/! 1%'+., *!+!0!' #.:.B! @!0")0!%.+F$A 'E' % ;! % 0!B) <;)+'+!%, !=!D#.:.CE)7 ='B?2 1%'+ !('>( #'=!>)+'B'2, *0?BF'% .#/'B!% ) ;+)1, $!D(.'+ ;0!:#4C .$$!1).+)%#4C $%ADF 1%'+. $#'/. $ (47!%#!2 ) #0.%$+%'##!2 :)$+!+!2, ='D/0'-#!$+FC. 3!#1';+4.BF#?2 ;0)D#.* $#'/. ‘;.('#)'’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

/)='BF 1%'+!% ;!( $#'/!" % (.##!" *!#+'*$+' !=!D#.:.'+ )$:'D#!%'#)' %!$;!")#.#)2 $ +':'#)'" %0'"'#). 8.:)#.A $ XX %. % ;!%!+ $+,<>'.7 2"# –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– (.##.A )#+'0;0'+.1)A !;0'('B'#. !$!=!2 $+04*+40!2 "'+.@!0?, *!+!0.A «$!D(.'+$A ;4+'" ;0'()*.1)) !$#!%#!"4 $4=Q'*+4 ;0)D#.*!% %$;!"!/.+'BF#!/! $4=Q'*+.» [G04+C#!%. 1978, c. 342]. H. H%+4-'#*! ;0) !;)$.#)) $#'/!;.(. 0.D"?-BA'+ ! ;!$+!A##!2 ) ='$*!#':#!2 ;!%+!0A'"!$+) <+!/! A%B'#)A ;0)0!(?, ! #'%!D"!>#!$+) :'B!%'*. #.=BC(.+F '/! %$'/(.: H$ H$.+F ;.(.+F. 6.*)" !=0.D!", !+ !;)$.#)A *!#*0'+#!:4%$+%'##!2 *.0+)#? .%+!0 ;!(#)".'+$A (! !$"?$B'#)A %!;0!$. ! >)D#) ) $"'0+), ! %':#!$+). M'/4BA0#!' !=0.E'#)' ;!<+!% * )D!=0.>'#)C %0'"'#) % '/! !$#!%#!2 7.0.*+'0)$+)*' – #'!=0.+)"!$+) ) %':#!$+) – ;!$0'($+%!" !=0.D. $#'/!;.(. ;!$+';'##! @!0")04'+ 4 (.##!/! !=0.D. @)B!$!@$*)2 $"?$B.

172

,$"?$B'#)' %0'"'#) %?0.>'#! ) % 74(!>'$+%'##?7 !=0.D.7, *!+!0?' !$#!%.#? #. $%!2$+%' $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%. ) D.@)*$)0!%.#? % !$#!%#!" % ;!#!"4 ;!*0!%4 !$!=!/! «%0'"'##!/!» ;0)D#.*., !=!D#.:.CE'/! +!+ ;'0)!( % >)D#) /'0!A, *!/(. ;0!)$7!()B! !;)$?%.'"!' )B) ;0'(;!B./.'"!' $!=?+)'. F'+ / /"0H#(.$3@ !'"# +/ %-"5,( / +"7 (H%+4-'#*!); F%-&( .7 :TQ <…> / =%!/% 18"/ #-"!/A (@ 05&! 7*@ !'"#! (W!%.0+); =% )+( -0170(.$3& !<#-+2. <…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
$<&" +9 .&%6/!8 <…> / ?+!*+-

)('%'A") +'( '%9. %6/!8. ,=0.D $!D(.'+ 1'B?2 *!";B'*$ .$$!1).1)2: %!$;!")#.#)A "!/4+ =?+F, *.* ) 70."? (%?"?-B'##?' )B) 0'.BF#?'), *0.$)%?"), D./.(!:#?"), $*.D!:#?"). 9 +! >' %0'"A %!$;!")#.#)A "!/4+ )$:'D#4+F: ('#!+.+)%#.A !$#!%. 74(!>'$+%'##!/! !=0.D. ($!!+#'$'#)' $! $#'/!") %?D?%.'+ .$$!1).1)C $! $%!2$+%!" $#'/. ‘+.A#)'’. K%!2$+%! $#'/. $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%. ) ;0)D#.*) $#'>#!2 ".$$? ‘+A>'$+F / B'/*!$+F’ .*+4.B)D)04C+$A 8. G$''%?" ;0) !;)$.#)) >)D#'##!/! !;?+., *!+!0?2, *.* $#'/, /04D!" B'>)+ #. ;':.7: ? /" #+$%, ,%, A6#% A6>(1% / #-<9 !'"#+ '% *1">( '%) (G$''%). K /4$+?" (;B!+#?") $#'>#?" ;!*0!%!", *!+!0?2 !=0.D4'+$A % 0'D4BF+.+' $#'/!;.(., \. I04#)#. $0.%#)%.'+ ;!$+';'##!' )$:'D#!%'#)' )#@!0".1)) )D ;."A+): K% '.)-$% '+ / 0#+-"1% '%&% +!"'A, / 173

H 9%)"/%"/ *%)8/A !'"# ##!/! !=0.D. $"'#? %0'"'# /!(. (+0.()1)!##! !=!D#.:.CE'/! #';0'0?%#!' +':'#)' >)D#)) !$!=!' "'$+! D.#)".'+ ")*0!!=0.D /4$+!/! $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%.. ,=0.D $#'/. % (.##!" $B4:.' 4$)B)%.'+ D#.:'#)' #'%!D%0.+#!$+) %0'"'#), .*+4.B)D)04'+ ;0'($+.%B'#)' ! (.%#! 4-'(-'" <+.;' >)D#) (+!"'A –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…> / J%,, )+5"/ 2./A, ( !"-$C" )+1+$+7 / :"'. /%(1(!A *%#<2'." #-"9. (640/'#'%). 8'%)()"!$+F +!/!, :+! #.7!()+$A ;!( $#'>#?" ;!*0!%!", $!;!$+.%BA'+$A ;!<+!" $! $*0?+#!$+FC >'#$*!/! 7.0.*+'0.. N+.*, % =!BF-)#$+%' ;0!.#.B)D)0!%.##?7 *!#+'*$+!% $%!2$+%! $#'>#!/! ;!*0!%. B'>)+ % !$#!%' @!0")0!%#.)A !=0.D!%, ;'0'(.CE)7 !$"?$B'#)' %0'"'#) *.* @4#(."'#+.BF#!2 7.0.*+'0)$+)*) !*04>.CE'2 ('2$+%)+'BF#!$+). ,=0.D#!' !$"?$B'#)' (47!%#?7 $4E#!$+'2 "!>'+ !;)0.+F$A #. ;0)D#.*) $!$+!A#)A ‘(%)>'#)' $#'/. ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’. M'/4BA0#!' )$;!BFD!%.#)' ;!<+.") XIX – XX %%. *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> – )"/"1A, A6#%, *<-#%, 2<-%', (@-A – % $!:'+.#)) $ $4E'$+%)+'BF#?") $! D#.:'174

#)'" ‘$!=?+)', $)+4.1)A’, ‘!+0'D!* %0'"'#)’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…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
/ +7 /+ *1%)8, /+ 9()%… / H $-<# <*%1% +#'"''%8 A6#% (G$.(!%). 9 (%47 ;!$B'(#)7 *!#+'*$+.7 % !=0.D' "'+'B) ;'0'(.'+$A $B!>#!$+F %D.)"!!+#!-'#)2, 0'D*.A $"'#. #.$+0!'#)2, *!+!0.A "!>'+ ;0!A%)+F$A %! 9+-" )B) % #+1+!". ,=0.D?, $!D(.##?' ;! "!('B) 5(9'A ,%, )"/"1A, % ;!
#+1+ " (H%+4-'#*!); K<@+ '%8, +2X")1"/

)+9# )"/"1A (L!0=!%$*)2). 9 (04/)7 $B4:.A7 % !=0.D' "'+'B) ;'0'(.'+$A <"!1)!#.BF#!' %!$;0)A+)' D%4*!%?7, D0)+'BF#?7!=0.D!%. J0) <+!" 4 !(#)7 .%+!0!% <+!+ !=0.D $%AD?%.'+$A $ #'/.+)%#?") <"!1)A"), 4 (04/)7 –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– / I+1+$+7 ( 5%-,(7, ,%, *<-#% (&0.4#); Q%, ! (!/ *<-#( – 0(2(-A, – / = <>(/ ( '.'" M/+ !1+ + (6%.0(!%$*)2); N@, *"!'(! <…> / J+ *">%1A'.", ,%, 9% . %'(" A6#( (9)*4B!%); 0)"@ "; 1"/(/, ,%, !'"#, – / ? -<,( '" $%;/!8 (K."!2B!%). 8.0A(4 $ !;)$.#)'" $!=?+)2 % >)D#) !+('BF#!/! :'B!%'*., #.:)#.A $ ;!'#)A !$!=!2 )$+!0):'$*!2 $)+4.1)) % $+0.#'. P+) !=0.D? 0'.B)D4C+ "!('BF !+2./(8 ,%, 176

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
'&!&(.$3@ 5*;". 0<3-

!*@ (&0C$!%); ? $.&1%@ "&50(,A*0$$3; 5.,2 (5.0)'#/!@); J. *+)'(&A, ,+'">'+, / J+/ / 4&!&(.$3@ &'$#-A#!3@ 20- (H$'#)#). 9 0A(' *!#+'*$+!% $B!%., !=!D#.:.CE)' D)"#'' #'#.$+F' ()"/"1A, A6#%), 4;!+0'=BAC+$A !(#!%0'"'##! ) % ;0A"!", ) % ;'0'#!$#!" D#.:'#)). K !(#!2 $+!0!#?, <+) $B!%. !=!D#.:.C+ #';!/!(4 $ %'+0!" ) $#'/!", . $ (04/!2 – )$;!BFD4C+$A % $!$+.%' "'+.@!0):'$*)7 *!#$+04*1)2 (BA !;)$.#)A +0./):'$*)7 "!"'#+!% % )$+!0)) M!$$)). 8.;0)"'0, J. !/+(&A *+$ )"/"1(C"7 $(,+7, / D+,+ %8, -+$'%8 !/-%'% (&B!*); ? !/-%'", +2X8/+7 A6#+7 / H *+5%-+), / F1+@<6 1+&%$A / ?+- '" < "$;/ (H$'#)#). P+!+ >' !=0.D #.7!()" ) % @)B!$!@$*!2 B)+'0.+40', /(' !;)$?%.'+$A $4+F ;0!)$7!()%-)7 % +! %0'"A $!=?+)2: «&'$*!#':#! 4$*!0)B$A +'"; >)D#) ) (@-A [340$)% "!2. – E.I.], ;!(#A+?2 <+)" 4$*!0'##?" (%)>'#)'", D.7%.+)B ) D.*04+)B :'B!%'*. ) :'B!%':'$*!' +%!0:'$+%!. &B)D!04*! =?B! =? #' %)('+F, :+! % >)D#) :'B!%':'$+%. ;0!)D!-B. ;'0'"'#., ;!$B' *!+!0!2 % ('$A+)B'+)' ;0!)$7!(A+ +.*)' >' )D"'#'#)A, *.*)' 0.#F-' ;0!)$7!()B) % $+!B'+)A» [&'0(A'% 1990, $. 12]. ,$!='##! A0*! )BBC$+0)04'+ !$!='##!$+) !$"?$B'#)A ;!<+.") $!=?+)2, ;0!)$7!(AE)7 % $+0.#' ) % ")0', )D!=0.>'#)' $#'>#!2 #';!/!(? % !=177

0.D' ;+)1?: Q%,(" 6-+$( ." '%,1(,%1( )(-< / [(-+,+,-.1.@ ( ,+#/(!/.@ A6# (5.0)'#/!@). ,;0'('B'#)A, *!#*0'+)D)04CE)' $+0.-#?2 ) ;4/.CE)2 !=0.D ;+)1? (&(-+,+,-.1.7 ) ,+#/(!/.7), ;0)D%.#? !+0.D)+F !E4E'#)' >'$+!*!$+), 4>.$. ;0!)$7!()%-)7 $!=?+)2. 9 ;!'$+%'##?7 !=0.D!%, 0'.B)D4CE)7 "!('BF 5(9'A, -")8 ,%, )"/"1A, )D!=0.>.C+$A $!=?+)A % >)D#) *.* !+('BF#!/! :'B!%'*., +.* ) %$'/! #.0!(.. 8.;0)"'0, E% +9-%!/ "#+ )+1+$+7 / E%,('<1(!A -%9+) )"/"1( (K%'+B!%); F-+!'(,!» – / (9 A6# -");', / 9%!.*%64"7 9%5( + (G$''%); H 9%)"1% /"*"-A )"/"1A / )+( $%1;,(" '"$"1( ( 4*!#)#). 9 #'*!+!0?7 $B4:.A7 ;!(!=#?2 74(!>'$+%'##?2 !=0.D $%AD?%.'+$A $ @!0")0!%.#)'" 7.0.*+'0. B)0):'$*!/! /'0!A. 8.;0)"'0, 8. &0.4#, !;)$?%.A "!B!(!$+F, =!/.+4C 0.DB):#?") $!=?+)A"), $!D(.'+ !=0.D $#'>#!2 =40), *!+!0.A (%)>'+$A $+0'")+'BF#! ) #'!=0.+)"!, – +.* >' $+0'")+'BF#!, % +04(#?7 4$B!%)A7 ;0!)$7!()+ $+.#!%B'#)' B):#!$+): H )+1+$+!/A, +,-"*&%8

2+8@. /

R'% $.&%1% #'" +) ( *-(9. +), / R'% ,%/(1%!A 2<-"7 *+ !'"#%). IBA B)0):'$*!/! /'0!A

. G#(0''%. 7.0.*+'0#! /B!=.BF#!' ")0!%!$-

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

+95(#%'A" 9 "9$. '"-+5$;''+7 / ? )'+#+ A65'+7 '+>(,

!, +9A 1%$.>"!/ + >A" *-+@+5
*!+!0?' !=04-)%.B)$F #. M4$F % +':'#)' (!B/)7 %'*!% '' "#!/!$+0.(.BF#!2 )$+!0))» [5!B:.#!%., URL]. 9 +%!0:'$+%' ;!<+!% *!#1. XX %. +.*>' #.7!()" %!;B!E'#)' "!('B) 5(9'A, -")8 ,%, )"/"1A. 8.;0)"'0, B)0):'$*)2 /'0!2 N. 5.BA0!%!2 !=0.E.'+$A * "'+'B): F-+>A ! $+-+#(, )"/"1A, / 0/-%$%'(8 ( +7'.! KB!%! +7'%, #.7!(AE''$A % $)BF#!2 ;!D)1)) *!#1. $+)7., #.('BA'+ $"?$B!%!2 <#'0/)'2 ;0'(-'$+%4CE'' $B!%!, *!+!0!', % $%!C !:'0'(F, %?$%':)%.'+ 4 B'*$'"? )"/"1A D#.:'#)' ‘='($+%)'’, :+! % 1'B!" #.;0.%B'#! #. $!D(.#)' *.0+)#? #'/.+)%#! !1'#)%.'"?7 $!=?+)2. M'/4BA0#!$+F !=0.D. %FC/) ;0) !;)$.#)) %0'"'#) ;!D%!BA'+ 4+%'0>(.+F, :+! 4 *!";!#'#+!% ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. <$#'/> )"/"1A, A6#%, *<-#%, 2<-%', (@-A @!0")04'+$A #!%!' (!+#!$)+'BF#! =.D!%!/! @!#(. AD?*.) B'*$):'$*!/! D#.:'#)', #' D.@)*$)0!%.##!' % B'*$)*!/0.@):'$*)7 )$+!:#)*.7. 6!BF*! % 4$B!%)A7 ;!<+):'$*!/! AD?*. #.D%.##?' '()#)1? ;0)!=0'+.C+ D#.:'#)' ‘*04/!%!0!+, =?$+0.A $"'#. $!=?+)2, $)+4.1)2, +':'#)' %0'"'#), #.$?E'##!/! !;0'('B'##?") $!=?+)A")’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– XX %%., :+! $%AD.#! $ !$!=!2 )$+!0):'$*!2 $)+4.1)'2 % $+0.#'. G*+4.B)D.1)A (.##!/! !=0.D. % *!#1' XX %. +.*>' !=4$B!%B'#. ;'0'B!"#?") )$+!0):'$*)") $!=?+)A"). U0*!2 )BBC$+0.1)'2 <+!"4 $B4>)+ $+)7!+%!0'#)' K. R!B!+1'%. «5'+'BF#.A D'"BA» ($". ;. 3.1.). 9 +'*$+' $+)7!+%!0'#)A !=0.D "'+'B) )$;!BFD4'+$A (BA !;)$.#)A #' +!BF*! ) #' 179

$+!BF*! *B)".+. $+0.#?, '' )$+!0)) (:+! $+.B! +0.()1)!##?" (BA ;!'#)A !$!='##!$+) 04$$*!/! #.1)!#.BF#!/! 7.0.*+'0.. 9 0'D4BF+.+', "!>#! $ 4%'0'##!$+FC 4+%'0>(.+F, :+! % 04$$*!2 ;!'$+%'##!" !$"?$B'#)) %.>#?" ;0)D#.*!" $#'/. *.* %)(. .+"!$@'0#?7 !$.(*!% $+.B! '/! $%!2$+%! +.A+F. N$:'D#!%'#)' $#'/., ;0'%0.E'#)' '/! % %!(4 $!!+#!$)+$A % $!D#.#)) ;!<+!% $ )D"'#'#)A") (4-'%#!/! $!$+!A#)A B)0):'$*!/! /'0!A. J!<+):'$*.A "!('BF (!>"9'+ "'(" >"#+-1(2+ ,%, /%8'(" !'"#% %;'0%?' 0'.B)D4'+$A % ;!") 5(1 8,

>") 5$%1 +/-%$., / 01+ % -%9 "81( / +(… / J%, !'"# *+!1"$'(7 2"9

*+4%$. / P'+!8/ "&'(" -<>A( (G;47+)#). K0.%#)+'BF#?' !=!0!+?, ;!$+0!'##?' #. !$#!%' @!BF*B!0#!/! ;0)'"., (!$+.+!:#! 0.$;0!$+0.#'#? % ;!/+ $% (1+, ,%, !'"# -%!/+*(1+!A ! $<&(, / "7 ( 1"#,+, ( ! "/1+ (5.2*!%); U -%9)8#>%6!A, !1+ '+ /%8, / Q%, M/% #1.2% !'"#+ %8! (T'":4>#)*!%). ND"'#'#)A (4-'%#!/! $!$+!A#)A, <"!1)!#.BF#!' «;!+';B'#)'», $0.%#)%.'+$A ;!<+.") $ +.A#)'" $#'/.. ,+"'+)", :+! ;0)'" ;.0.BB'B)D". 0'.B)D4'+$A ;!<+.") ;4+'" ;'0'$+.#!%*) «*.0+)#»: !=0.D ;0)0!(?, *!+!0?2 % *!";!D)1)) B)0):'$*)7 ;'$'# «%$'/(. %?;!B#A'+ @4#*1)C $%!'!=0.D#!/! <"!1)!#.BF#!/! %$+4;B'#)A» [ .D4+)# 2003, $. 446], % 0.$$"!+0'##?7 ;0)"'0.7 $B'(4'+ D. !;)$.#)'" 0'.BF#!2 *.0+)#?, :+! ;!D%!BA'+ 4$)B)+F <"!1)!#.BF#4C %?0.D)+'BF#!$+F %+!0!2 ;.0.BB'B). 8.B):)' % .%+!0$*!2 ;! !#. [J0)0!(.. – E.I.], +.* $*.D.+F, 0.D".7 "?$B), ='D *!+!0!/! #' $4E'$+%!%.B. =? ) $.".A "?$BF. X'B!%'* !=0.E.'+$A %#4+0F $'=A $#.:.B. +!BF*! !+ %#'-#)7 ;0'("'+!%, ;!D#.'+ $'=A $#.:.B. +!BF*! %#' 180

$'=A; %#4+0'##AA >)D#F %$'/(. )"''+ (BA :'B!%'*. #';!$0'($+%'##4C 1'#4, #! $!D#.'+$A ) 4A$#A'+$A )$;!(%!BF ) ;!$0'($+%'##!» [J!+'=#A 2007, $. 186]. 8. ;0!+A>'#)) 0.D%)+)A 04$$*!2 ;!%1A'%8 /+ 162+ A *-+7$;/, ,%, !'"#. 5.N. O%'+.'%. <"!1)!#.BF#4C "A/*!$+F, ;!(.+B)%!$+F !$"?$B)%.'+ % !=0.D' +.CE'/! $#'/.: U 2.1% $18 ?%!! / J%64%8 1"#>" !'"#% (O%'+.'%.). I04/)' ;!<+? +.*>' !=0.E.C+$A * ;!(!=#?" $!;!$+.%B'#)A" % +':'#)' %$'/! XX %.: H /%"/ *"- .7 !'"# / '% !"-$C" < )"'8 (5'>)0!%); 34; >"-%

$<&" !+>(1%!A !18,+/A

<…> / N +/ !"#+$'8 '+ A +'( [J'$#). – E.I.] ! "5(, / ( -%$+!/'. (3)0)BB!%); Y.#%'" '% $<&< .-*"- %1(, / +'% 2<, %1A'+ /%81%, ,%, !'"# (&!=?-'%); R'% 5 *+$ '() '"9%*'+ /%"/ / Q%, 1;#,(7 !'"# 5( .@ *+1"7 / -+!!(7!,(@ (J0)/!%). 9 ;!(/"1A'.7 !'"# (&0C$!%); G+$. 1"/8/, / Q%,

*-+-<2A !'"# (30.$.-

%)#). U0*)2 !=0.D B'+AE'/! % %!(4 $#'/., $!D(.##?2 \. 30.$.%)#?", ;'0'(.'+ !$!D#.#)' .%+!0!" %0'"'#) *.* :'/!-+! 47!(AE'/! ='D%!D%0.+#!, )$:'D.CE'/! +.*>' $+0'")+'BF#!, *.* ) 0.$+%!0'#)' $#'>)#!* % %!('. ,(#.*! % =!BF-)#$+%' $B4:.'% !;)$.#)' *.*)7-B)=! 0'.B)2 % $!;!$+.%B'#)) $ +.A#)'" $#'/. #!$)+ )#()%)(4.BF#!-.%+!0$*)2 7.0.*+'0. M.$$"!+0)" #'*!+!0?' ;0)"'0?. N#+'0'$#?2 !=0.D +.CE'/!, )$:'D.CE'/! $#'/., $!D(.# % ;!
$<&" – '+5( ( ,+*A8… / E+ +*1+4"''.",


/%@ – / R'( ,%, /%64(" @1+*A8, / Q%, !'"5'.7 $.) (L);;)4$). J0!+)%!;!$+.%B'#)' $B!% % (4-' ('+5"7, ,+*A" ) $B!%." % 0':) (@1+*A8), $.)<) ;'0'(.'+ #'$!!+%'+$+%)' "'>(4 0'D*!$+FC $B!% ) 0.%#!(4-)'" )7 %!$;0)A+)A, !+181

:'/! $B!%. ;0'%0.+)$F % (?" ) 0.$+.AB) *.* 7B!;FA. I04/!2 ;!<+ $ +.A#)'" $#'/. $0.%#)%.'+ )$:'D#!%'#)' @)D):'$*!2 =!B): F-(@+$(/ 2+1A <…>, Q%, !'"#, / D%!/%"/ '+ A (&.B+04-.2+)$). P. G$.(!% $;!$!=#!$+F :'B!%'*. D.=?%.+F +.*>' $0.%#)%.'+ $ +.A#)'" $#'/.: J%,+7 «-8$+ +7» M*(9+$ *+$>%! / ? *%)8/( /%"/, ,%, "&'(7 !'"#. 8'D#.:)+'BF#?2 (BA >)D#) :'B!%'*. <;)D!( ='$$B'(#! )$:'D.'+ )D ;."A+), *.* ) $#'/ % ;0)0!('. R."'+)", :+! *04/ .$$!1).1)2 ;!$+!A##! ;!;!B#A'+$A #!%?") $0.%#'#)A"), ;!0!2 #' !>)(.##?"). 8.;0)"'0, !=0.D +.CE'/! $#'/. ;0)%B'*.'+$A (BA !$"?$B'#)A $4+) >)D#), $4(F=? +%!0:'$*!/! :'B!%'*. % $0'(' !=?%.+'B'2: R' <4"-2", +' "$ % 9$.@%"/, / F-""/

9%,+1+>"''.@ $+)%@, / ? 8!'+) '"2", ,%, !'"5(',%, /%"/

(J!;B.%$*)2). N+.*, % !$"?$B'#)' "'#+.BF#?7, (47!%#?7 $4E#!$+'2 %*BC:'#? %$' @)D):'$*)' $!$+!A#)A $#'/. *.* %)(. .+"!$@'0#?7 !$.(*!% (‘;.('#)'’, ‘;!0!%’, ‘(%)>'#)' ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’, ‘+.A#)'’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«$ +04(!" "?$B)+$A B!/):'$*) #';0!+)%!0':)%?" !=0.D!"» [ C=)#$*.A,

';)B)# 2002, $. 250]. V)0!-

*!' 0.$;0!$+0.#'#)' !=0.D. "'+'B), ;0) ;!"!E) *!+!0!/! !;)$?%.'+$A +':'182

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’, ‘='B?2 1%'+’, #.)=!B'' ;!D(#)" ;! %0'"'#) !+0.>'#)A % ;!)D#) :'B!%'*.. K!!+#'$'#)' $%!2$+% $#'/. $ !;0'('B'##?" *04/!" !=Q'*+!% ")0. ;!D%!BA'+ !;)$.+F

183

%$' %?A%B'##?' !=0.D? % %)(' ;!<+):'$*)7 "!('B'2, ;0!$B'()+F )7 0.D%)+)' *.* % .$;'*+' $0'($+% %?0.>'#)A, +.* ) % .$;'*+' $"?$B!%?7 ;0'!=0.D!%.#)2. 4. G#.B)D ;!*.D.B, :+! *04/ !=Q'*+!%, $0.%#)%.'"?7 $ ='B?" 1%'+!" $#'/. ) "'+'BFC, ;!$+';'##! 0.$-)0A'+$A. J0) <+!" #. %$'7 <+.;.7 0.D%)+)A ;!'#)'" $#'/. ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0., ;!$+';'##! % +':'#)' XVIII –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– % #'0.%#!"'0#!$+) )$;!BFD!%.#)A *!";!#'#+!% <+!/! ;!BA #. ;0!+A>'#)) 0.D%)+)A ;!<+):'$*!/! AD?*.: ;!A%)%-)$F % !(#4 <;!74 +!+ )B) )#!2 *!";!#'#+ ;!BA "!>'+ #' )$;!BFD!%.+F$A ;!<+.") $B'(4CE'/! ;!*!B'#)A, #! .*+4.B)D)0!%.+F$A #. =!B'' ;!D(#)7 <+.;.7 0.D%)+)A ;!'#)) % ;!'#)' ;!( ('2$+%)'" %'+0.’, ‘+.A#)'’) ) #'*!+!0?' '/! ;0)D#.*) ;!A%)B)$F 4>' % ;!#!/! ;!*0!%., *.* ‘"A/*!$+F’ ) ‘/B4=)#.’ !+0.>'#? % +'*$+.7 XVIII %., ‘;B!+#!$+F / 0?7B!$+F’ – XIX %., . ‘D.;.7’ – B)-F XX %. 9?A%B'##?2 $!$+.% *!#1';+4.BF#?7 ;0)D#.*!% % $!!+#!-'#)) $ *.>(?" $!185

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–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

188

@628,( #20!%.01%) N "-('C" 0.0., N'$-"" I.W., G%!*%-+ I.W., G-('C"- F.N., I(@%71+ N.?. 3.+'/!0)) ;!<+)*) % $"'#' B)+'0.+40#?7 <;!7 // N$+!0):'$*.A ;!<+)*.. )+'0.+40#?' <;!7) ) +);? 74(!>'$+%'##!/! $!D#.#)A. – 5.: 8.$B'()', 1994. – K. 3 – 38. N'(!()+ % E.?. ,$!='##!$+) %?0.>'#)A :4%$+%'##!/!, 0.1)!#.BF#!/! ) ;0./".+):'$*!/! *!";!#'#+!% % '()#)1.7 #.4:#?7 ) 74(!>'$+%'##?7 +'*$+!% (#. ".+'0).B' ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. ): ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / J!"!0$*)2 /! 4#-+ )". 5.9. !"!#!$!%.. – K'%'0!(%)#$*, 2003. – 213 $. G#+!B!/)A *!#1';+!% / ;!( 0'(. 9.N. 3.0.$)*., N.G. K+'0#)#.. – 5.: L#!D)$, 2007. – 512 $. N-('#)' ")@.. K+.+F) ;! @!BF*B!04, <+#!/0.@)) ) ")@!B!/)) / $!$+., ;!(/!+. +'*$+., $+.+F), *!""'#+. G. . 6!;!0*!%.. – 5.: «N#(0)*», 1996.– 640 $. B%2%-.,+ % T.?. 3BC:'%?' *!#1';+? ;!
189

B%,('% I.N. KB!%!+%!0:'$+%! // UD?*!%?' ;0!1'$$? $!%0'"'##!2 04$$*!2 74(!>'$+%'##!2 B)+'0.+40?. J!. B)+., 1975. – 504 $. B%@/(' I. I. S!0"? %0'"'#) ) 70!#!+!;. % 0!".#'. ,:'0*) ;! )$+!0):'$*!2 ;!<+)*' // 9!;0!$? B)+'0.+40? ) <$+'+)*): $= $+.. — 5.: W4(!>. B)+, 1975 – K. 234 – 407. B"1+4(' N.I. M!BF ;'2D.>. % 0.$$*.D' 3.L. J.4$+!%$*!/! «K#'/» // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2003. – ] 1. – K. 9 – 11. B"1A!,%8 W.W. 5!+)% !()#!:'$+%. % 04$$*!2 ;!
'0"!#+!%. (!

5.A*!%$*!/! // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2001.. – ] 4. – K. 3 – 11. B"1A!,%8 W.W. 5!+)% !()#!:'$+%. % 04$$*!2 ;!
'0"!#+!%. (!

5.A*!%$*!/! // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2001=. – ] 5. – K. 47 – 53. B"1A!,%8 W.W. 5!+)% !()#!:'$+%. % 04$$*!2 ;!
'0"!#+!%. (!

5.A*!%$*!/! // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2001%. – ] ]6. – K. 3 – 8. B"1A!,%8 W.W. K4(F=. ,()$$'A % 04$$*!2 ;!
190

B"-/%#%" J.N., L%#$<-+ 0.[. M!BF *!#+'*$+. % 4;!+0'=B'#)) $B!% ) '$+%'##!2 B)+'0.+40' // Slavia ^asopis pro slovanskon filologii Ro^nik XXVIII. – Praha, 1959.– Sešit 2.– S. 141 – 160. B+2,+ % \.G. 3!#1';+ ) $;!$!=? '/! .*+4.B)D.1)) % )()!$+)B' 9.J. G$+.@F'%. (#. ".+'0).B' 1)*B. «R.+'$)»): .%+!0'@. ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / J'0"$*)2 /!$. ;'(. 4#-+ – J'0"F, 2007. – 23 $. B+#$%'+ % I.?. 6'".+):'$*.A /04;;. $B!% «T)B)E'. K+0!'#)'» % ;!<+):'$*!" $B!%.0' 8. 3BC%. // KB!%! ) +'*$+ % *4BF+40#!" $!D#.#)) <;!7): $=. #.4:. +0. X. 2 / !+%. 0'(. L.9. K4(.*!%. – 9!B!/(.: ND(-%! 9JLZ, 2008. – K. 268 – 274. B+#$%'+ % E.?.

'*$):'$*.A 0';0'D'#+.1)A *!#1';+. «;0)0!(.» % 0.##'"

+%!0:'$+%' N.G. &4#)#.: .%+!0'@. ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / M!$$)2$*)2 /!$. ;'(. 4#-+ )". G.N. L'01'#.. – KJ=, 2007. – 19 $. B+1, %$9" B.H. ,B)1'+%!0'#)' *.* @'#!"'# 0':'%!/! "?-B'#)A (#. ".+'0).B' 04$$*!2 ) /04D)#$*!2 B)0)*) XIX %.): .%+!0'@. ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4*. – 9!0!#'>, 1995. – 26 $. B+'$%-" % N.G. S!0")0!%.#)' ) 0.D%)+)' $!$+.%. ('#!+.+)%#!/! *B.$$. : ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / J!"!0$*)2 /! 4#-+ )". 5.9. !"!#!$!%.. – K'%'0!(%)#$*, 2003. – 186 $. B-6!+ ?.U. M'"'$B! ;!<+.: K+.+F) ! 04$$*!2 ;!'#$+%!%.#)A // !/):'$*)2 .#.B)D AD?*.: 34BF+40#?' *!#1';+?: $=. #.4:. $+. / !+%. 0'(. 8.I. G04+C#!%.. – 5.: 8.4*., 1991. – K. 14 – 21. B<&)(' N.0. 8.4*. ! B)+'0.+40': J0!=B'"?, $;!0?, $4>('#)A.– 5.: K!%0'"'##)*, 1980. – 334 $. ?%7'&/"7' R.B. N#()%)(4.BF#?2 $+)BF % 0!".#+):'$*!2 ;!<+)*' // N$+!0):'$*.A ;!<+)*..

)+'0.+40#?' <;!7) ) +);? 74(!>'$+%'##!/! $!D#.#)A:

$=. $+.+'2 / !+%. 0'(. J.G. L0)#1'0. – 5.: 8.$B'()', 1994. – K. 392 – 430.

191

?%C<-+ ?.T. J!
)+'0.+40#.A "?$BF. –

1922. – ] 1.– K. 122 – 133. ?('+#-%$+ ?.?. K+)B)$+)*.. 6'!0)A ;!<+):'$*!2 0':). J!<+)*.. – 5.: ND(-%! G*.('")) #.4* KKKM, 1963. – 256 $. ?('+#-%$+ ?.?. ND=0.##?' +04(?. J!<+)*. 04$$*!2 B)+'0.+40?. – 5.: 8.4*., 1976. ?('+#-%$+ ?.9. , +'!0)) 74(!>'$+%'##!2 0':). – 5.: 9?$-.A -*!B., 2005. – 287 $. ?('+#-%$+ % ?.E. ,;0'('B'#)A % ;!<+):'$*!2 0':) // J!<+):'$*.A /0."".+)*.: "!#!/0.@)A / !+%. 0'(. H.9. 30.$)BF#)*!%.. – 5.: GD=4*!%#)*, 2005. – K. 328 – 377. ?('+#-%$+ % 0.B. 8!")#.1)) %!(#!/! ;0!$+0.#$+%. % +%!0:'$+%' 8.G. 3BC'%.: B)#/%!;!<+):'$*)' .$;'*+?: .%+!0'@. ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / 9!B!/!($*)2 ;'(. /!$. 4#-+. – 9!B!/(., 2000. – 23 $. ?('+,<- G.R. , AD?*' 74(!>'$+%'##!2 B)+'0.+40? / $!$+. 6.L. 9)#!*40, ;0'()$B. 9.J. L0)/!0F'%.. – 5.: 9?$-. -*., 1991.– 448 $. ?+-,%>"

0.G. K:.$+F' *.* B)#/%!*4BF+40#?2 *!#1';+. – 5.: N6IL3

«L#!D)$», 2004. – 236 $.

192

G%!*%-+ I.W. K'".#+):'$*)2 !0'!B "'+0.. 3 $'".#+)*' 04$$*!/! +0'7$+!;#!/! A"=. //

)#/%)$+)*. ) ;!<+)*.: $=. $+. / !+%. 0'(. 9.J. L0)/!0F-

'%.– 5.: 8.4*., 1979.– K. 282 – 308. G%>" G.K. 8.1)!#.BF#?' !=0.D? ")0.: 340$ B'*1)2: – 5.: G*.('")A, 1998. – 432 $. G('92<-# W.U. , B)0)*'. – 5.: N#+0.(., 1997. – 415 $. G(-&)%' I.I.

)+'0.+40#!' ;0!)D%'('#)': 6'!0)A 74(!>'$+%'##!2 1'-

B!$+#!$+).– 5.: UD?*) $B.%A#$*!2 *4BF+40?, 2002. – 528 $. G1<&,+ % ?.G.

)#/%!$+)B)$+):'$*)' !$!='##!$+) <;)+'+!% % 74(!>'$+-

%'##!2 ;0!D' K.8. H$)#.: .%+!0'@. ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / &'B/!0!($*)2 /!$. 4#-+. – &'B/!0!(, 2000. – 22 $. G+1+ ,('% 0.O., ?('+#-%$+ % 0.B. J.0.()/"? !=0.D!% % ;!<+):'$*!" AD?*' 8. 3BC'%. ) )7 B'*$)*!/0.@):'$*!' !;)$.#)' // KB!%! ) +'*$+ % *4BF+40#!" $!D#.#)) <;!7): $=. #.4:. +0. 9 2 :. X. 2 / !+%. 0'(. L.9. K4(.*!%. – 9!B!/(.: ND(-%! 9LJZ, 2008. – K. 275 – 281. G+-"1+ N.3. L0!D. #.( $!B!%F)#?" $.(!": GB'*$.#(0 &B!*. – .: K!%. ;)$.+'BF, 1970. – 512 $. G-%'+ !,%8 W.I. M4$$*)2 5!#;.0#.$: D."'+*) ! AD?*' <")/0.#+$*!2 ;!'$+%'##!2 B)+'0.+40?. J!
G-(#+-A" ?.F. J!<+)*. $B!%.: #. ".+'0).B' 04$$*!2 $!%'+$*!2 ;!#?' ;0!=B'"? AD?*. ;!<+. / !+%. 0'(. G.I. L0)/!0F'%.. – 5.: 8.4*., 1986. – 255 $. G-(#+-A" ?.F. ,:'0*) )$+!0)) AD?*. 04$$*!2 ;!
)#/%)$+)*. ) "'>*4BF+40-

#.A *!""4#)*.1)A.– 2007.– ] 1.– K. 51 – 69. K<$+-+ % I.?. 3.+'/!0)D.1)A ;0!$+0.#$+%. % ;!<+):'$*)7 +'*$+.7: 8. ".+'0).B' ;!'$+%'##!/! !=0.D. % ;'$#A7 D'"B'%B.('BF:'$*!/! *.B'#(.0A // M4$$*)2 @!BF*B!0: J0!=B'"? 74(!>'$+%'##!2 @!0"?. 6.XIV / $=. $+., !+%. 0'(. G.G. L!0'B!%. – .: 8.4*., 1974. – K. 61 – 84.

194

3-")('% ?.H. ,=0.D#!' $0.%#'#)' % #.0!(#!2 B)0)*' // J!<+)*. ) $+)B)$+)*. 04$$*!2 B)+'0.+40?: $=. $+.+'2 / !+%. 0'(. 5.J. GB'*$''%. – ., 1971. – K. 10 – 18. :(-)<'!,(7 ?.I. 6'!0)A B)+'0.+40?. J!<+)*.. K+)B)$+)*.. –

.: 8.4*.,

1977. – 406 $. :(-)<'!,(7 ?.I. J!<+)*. 04$$*!2 ;!> ) <3)""'0)A> % +%!0:'$+%' 5.G. 9!B!-)#.>: ()$. … *.#(. @)B!B. #.4* / J!"!0$*)2 /!$. 4#-+ )". 5.9. !"!#!$!%.. – K'%'0!(%)#$*, 2008. – 255 $. =+18' 0.J. ,+ !;)$.#)A )()!B'*+. * /0."".+)*' )()!$+)BA (#. ".+'0).B' ;!
5.0+?#!%.) // UD?* 04$$*!2 ;!
0'(. 9.J. L0)/!0F'%. – 5., 1989. – K. 238 – 259. =<2+ % W.?. J!
)#/%)$+):'$*)2 .$;'*+. –

.:

ND(-%! '#)#/0. 4#-+., 1989.– 264 $. H %'+ % E.K. ,$'##)2 ;'2D.> 4 K.G. 3B?:*!%. // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2004.. – ]5. – K. 25 – 28. H %'+ % E.K. R)"#)2 ;'2D.> % ;0!D' N. &4#)#., K. 3B?:*!%., . G#(0''%. ) G. JB.+!#!%. // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 2004=. – ]1. – K. 18 – 22. 195

H %'+ % E.E. 9?$!*.A ) ;!<+):'$*.A B'*$)*. // UD?*!%?' ;0!1'$$? $!%0'"'##!2 04$$*!2 74(!>'$+%'##!2 B)+'0.+40?. J!
)+'0.+40. *!#1. XIX – #.:.B.

XX %'*. (1881–1917) / 0'(. *!BB'/. G.K. &4-")#, H.8. 34;0'A#!%., I.K. )7.:'%, L.J. 5.*!/!#'#*!, 3.I. 540.+!%., S.U. J0)2"., 0'(. +!". 3.I. 540.+!%.. – .: 8.4*., 1983. – 784 $. Q%$()+ D.G. J.0!#)"):'$*.A .++0.*1)A *.* ;0)'" $'".#+):'$*!/! !$B!>#'#)A ;!<+):'$*!/! +'*$+. // UD?* 04$$*!2 ;!#.A 1'B!$+#!$+F // M4$$*.A B)+'0.+40. *!#1. XIX – #.:.B. XX %'*.. 9 2 +. 6. 1. / !+%. 0'(. 9.G. 3'B(?-. – 5.: G*.('")A, 2007. – 287 $. Q+2+9" % H.I.

)#/%)$+):'$*.A $'".#+)*.. – 5.: 3#)>#?2 (!" « N&-

M,3,5», 2009. – 352 $. Q+ /<'+ % H.H. J!<+):'$*)2 $)#+.*$)$. – 5.: 8.4*., 1986. – 206 $. Q+ /<'+ % H.H. ,:'0*) ;! AD?*4 04$$*)7 ;!<+!%. – 5.: GD=4*!%#)*, 2003. – 206 $. Q+5" '(,+ % E.N. KB!%!4;!+0'=B'#)' % 04$$*!2 ;!
196

Q+5" '(,+ % E.N. P%!BC1)A +0!;!% // ,:'0*) AD?*. 04$$*!2 ;!'$+%'##!2 0':). – 5.: ND(-%! 5L,Z, 2007. – 233 $. Q+5('+ ?.?. , «+C+:'%$*!2 -*!B'» % 04$$*!2 B)0)*' 1830 – 1860- //.// 3 )$+!0)) 04$$*!/! 0!".#+)D". / 0'(. *!B. \9. 5.##, N.L. 8'4;!*!'%., Z.M. S!7+. – 5.: 8.4*., 1973. – K. 345 – 385. Q+5('+ ?.?. 3#)/. ! 04$$*!2 B)0):'$*!2 ;!.#0.. – 5.: K!%0'"'##)*, 1978. – 303 $. Q+1&%'!,(7 G.?. 3!#+'*$+#.A $'".#+)*.. – 5.: ND(-%! 3N, 2007.– 152 $. Q+&"1" % H.E. S!BF*B!0#?2 ")0 % ;!
!/):'$*)2 .#.B)D AD?*.. 34BF+40#?' *!#1';+?: $=. #.4:. $+. /

!+%. 0'(. 8.I. G04+C#!%.. – 5.: 8.4*., 1991. – K. 85 – 91. Q<9('% N.E. 9'$+#)* 5L,Z. K'0. M4$$*.A @)B!B!/)A. – 2009. – ] 3. – K. 144 – 152. Q<9'"C+ % E.E. 5'+.@!0. *.* !(#! )D !$#!%#?7 $0'($+% $!D(.#)A <*$;0'$$)%#!$+) // S)B!B!/):'$*)' #.4*). – 2009 .– ] 1. – K. 101 – 109. Q<9A)('% W.N. P$+'+):'$*.A @4#*1)A $B!%. % 0.##'2 ;!
197

Q<*>(, 3.?. J!<+):'$*)2 ")0 G. L!0!(#)1*!/!: !=0.D#.A 0';0'D'#+.1)A *!#1';+!$@'0?: ()$. ... (-0. @)B!B. #.4* / 6C"'#$*)2 /!$. 4#-+. – 6C"'#F, 2006. – 530 $. Q<-(1+ N.0. 3B.$$)1)D", 0!".#+)D" ) $'#+)"'#+.B)D". (3 %!;0!$4 ! *!#1';1)A7 ) 70!#!B!/)) B)+'0.+40#!-74(!>'$+%'##!/! 0.D%)+)A) // S)B!B!/):'$*)' #.4*). – 2001. – ] 6. – K. 41 – 49. W% -+ N.?. P+C(? ! &B!*'. – KJ=.: ND(-%! N%.#. )"=.7., 2000. – 320 $. W%9. B)+., 1974. – 288 $. W"$"'; % ?.?. N()!$+)BF (* 4+!:#'#)C ;!#A+)A) // S)B!B!/):'$*)' #.4*). – 2001. – ]5. – K. 36 – 41. W"7$"-)%' E.W, W(*+ "C,(7 I.N. K!%0'"'##.A 04$$*.A B)+'0.+40.: 1950 – 1990- //. 9 2 +. 6.1: 1953 – 1968. – 5.: G*.('")A, 2003. – 416 $. W",)%'+ R.N. “5!0!D ) $!B#1'” 4 J4-*)#. ) &4#)#. // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 1999. – ] 3. – K. 51 – 52. W")%'+ % R.N. “K+)7!% -*.+4B!*” (3 +'"': «5.A*!%$*)2 ) G##'#$*)2») // M4$$*.A 0':F. – 1999. – ] 4. – K. 32 – 34. W(@%>" K.0. 9#4+0'##)2 ")0 74(!>'$+%'##!/! ;0!)D%'('#)A // 9!;0!$? B)+'0.+40?. – 1968. – ] 8. W+*
198

!"#$!% &.'.

!"#$%"&'% &(& ')*!"'+*-&*+,"-%.()/+01 2"+*3"+: 3*+*-

4#(256. – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 .+5!"#'5%"%, 2007. – 343 '. ()*+,$#- ..., /0*1*+ 2.3. 95)*'*2'&5" -#*:)"30 !#"3"+5 ! &*+%"&'%" 3";<5',5-)5+(#+0$ 5'')"<*!(+51. – =.: 8#*4#"''-%#(<5,56, 2002. – 304 '. 4#567*$ &. >*+,"-% ,+/8 ! #.''&*1 5 6-*+'&*1 -*?@55 "#":#6+*4* !"&( // A@0&*@+(+5". B+*'%#(++0" 6@0&5. – [C)"&%#*++01 #"'.#'] / 7. =(@.#5&. – D";53

<*'%.-(:

http://pinchukfund.org/storage/students/works/2008/367.doc.

'!*:*<+01. 4*+9 :.'. 8*?%5&( 7. E)*&(. – 8:.: «B@<(%")/'%!*- 8E», 1999. – 727 '. 4!1;#+!%# ..<.

)*;+0" -#5)(4(%")/+0" &(& *<+* 5@ $.<*;"'%!"++0$

'#"<'%! '*@<(+56 45-"#:*)5F"'&*1 &(#%5+0 35#( (+( -#53"#" -*?@55 G(+55)( 7+<#""!() // =";<.+(#*<+(6 &*+2"#"+,56 "A@0&*!(6 '"3(+%5&( 5 *:#(@ 35#("

"&,56: H5+4!5'%5&( %"&'%( – [C)"&%#*++01 #"'.#'] / I.9.

=*)F(+*!(. – D";53 <*'%.-(: htpp:// rosa-mira.narod.ru., '!*:*<+01. 4!,$%*+ 3.=. D.''&(6 3"%(2*#(: JF"#& '"35*%5F"'&*1 %"*#55. – =.: B@<(%")/'%!* H>B, 2007. – 184 '. 46$#7>!%,$*? @.

%#.&%.#()/+(6 -*?%5&(. – =.: K&*)( «A@0&5 #.''&*1

&.)/%.#0», 1996 – 479 '. 4675*+ .. . > '%#.&%.#+*1 %5-*)*455 '#(!+5%")/+0$ &*+'%#.&,51 (+( 3(%"#5()" #.''&5$ -*?%5F"'&5$ %"&'%*!) // 9(%5F"'&*" -*)" 6@0&(: ':. +(.F. %#. – 8"#3/: B@<-!* 8"#3. .+-%(, 1998. – . 83 – 90. 4A7$*+ 3.@. %(%/5 -* 6@0&*@+(+5L. – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 4*'.<(#'%!"++01 .+5!"#'5%"%, 2002. – 199 '. ./$7#,!%# B.&.

#(!+"+56 // A@0&*!0" -#*,"''0 '*!#"3"++*1 #.''&*1

$.<*;"'%!"++*1 )5%"#(%.#0. 8*?@56: 3*+*4#(256 / *%!. #"<. 7.G. M#54*#/"!(. – =.: I(.&(, 1977. – .240 – 294. ./$7#,!%# B.&.

#(!+"+56 *:N"6@0&*!*4* %5-( ! ('-"&%" '*-*'%(!5%")/-

+*4* (+()5@( $.<*;"'%!"++0$ 5<5*)"&%*! // H5+4!5'%5&( 5 -*?%5&(: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!.– =.: I(.&(, 1979. – . 225 – 237. 199

./$7#,!%# B.&., C#$*+# 4.&. A@0&*!0" -#*,"''0 ! '*!#"3"++*1 #.''&*1 -*?@55 / *%!. #"<. 7.G. M#54*#/"!(. – =.: I(.&(. 1982. – 312 '. ./D/E!%# 2... J:#(@ -#5#*<0 &(& &*3-*+"+% -*?%5F"'&*1 3*<")5 35#( (+( 3(%"#5()" -#*5@!"<"+51 O.=. K.&P5+(): <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / 8*3*#'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. =.O. H*3*+*'*!(. – "!"#*
%5$*')*;"+5". H5+4!5'%&( > 50-)"%5L +(.F. <"6%-%5 B.B. >*!-

%.+*!*1: ':. +(.F. '%. / #"<. Q.O. >#('5)/+5&*!(, 7.M. M#"&. – =., 2003. – . 142 – 154. .*;*$ .... 8*?%5F"'&*" ')*!*. 8*?%5F"'&51 %"&'%.–

532"#*-*)/: J7J

« 532"#*-*)/'&(6 4*#*<'&(6 %5-*4#(256», 2008. – 292 '. .!%*$!% &. . J &*+%"&'%.()/+*3 '30')" ')*!( // 95)*)*45F"'&5" +(.&5. – 2002. – R 5.– . 82 – 88. FE!/%9/%# G.3. I( :"#"4($ I"!0. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1988. – 334 '. F5/7!%

.&. =('%"#'%!* 5 !*)P":'%!*: >+. '%(%"1. – =.:

*!. -5'(%")/,

1972. – . 351 – 386. F71!% 3... 8*?3( 7. E)*&( «G!"+(<,(%/»: %#(+5,( 5@ 5'%*#55 '*!"%'&*1 )5%"#(%.#0. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1967. – 216 '. F71!%# F.'. D*''56 // 7+%*)*456 &*+,"-%*! / -*< #"<. O.B. >(#('5&(, B.7. %"#+5+(.– =.: M+*@5', 2007. – . 446 – 458. F,$!1$!%# ..3. J'*:"++*'%5 '%#.&%.#0 ?'%"%5F"'&*4* -*)6 <"+*%(%5!+*4* &)(''( (+( 3(%"#5()" #.''&*1 -*?@55 XVIII–XX !"&*!): <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / 8*3*#'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. =.O. H*3*+*'*!(. –

"!"#*-


.&. H5+4!*&*4+5%5!+0" *'+*!0 $.<*;"'%!"++*1 #"F5: 3*+*-

4#(256. – 532"#*-*)/: J7J « MT», 2006. – 284 '. 200

=*I/+!%# 4.3. >#('*%*L .&#('5: O0#(;"+5" ?'%"%5F"'&*1 *,"+&5 ! <#"!+"#.''&*3 %"&'%": 3*+*4#(256. –

8:.: 95)*)*45F"'&51 2(&.)/%"%

8:MU; O)(<535#: OM8U, 2007. – 415 '. =*I/+!%# 4.3. J'*:"++*'%5 #"-#"@"+%(,55 &*+,"-%( ;6%,H%! ! #.''&*1 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+" 35#( // =5# F")*!"&( 5 35# 6@0&(: >*))"&%5!+(6 3*+*4#(256 / *%!. #"<. =.O. 853"+*!(. – >"3"#*!*: B8> «M#(25&(», 2003(. – . 58 – 120 '. =*I/+!%# 4.3. >*+,"-% +#E/>E# ! #.''&*1 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+" 35#( // V")*!"& 5 "4* 6@0& (> 75-)"%5L -#*2. O.8. I"<6)&*!() / *%!. #"<. Q.7. 853"+*!, =.O. 853"+*!(. – >"3"#*!*: >*3-)"&' «M#(25&(», 2003:. – O0-. 4. – . 47 – 66. =*I/+!%# 4.3. 2/7E9/ ! :5:)"1'&*1 &(#%5+" 35#( // 8#*:)"30 &*+,"-%.()5@(,55 <"1'%!5%")/+*'%5 5 3*<")5#*!(+56 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+0 35#(: ':. +(.F. %#. / '*'%., *%!. #"<. T.O.

53(P&*. – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51

.+5!"#'5%"%, 2007. – O0-. 3. – . 127 – 133 '. =*I/+!%# 4.3. ="%(2*#( &(& *<5+ 5@ '-*'*:*! #"()5@(,55 &*+,"-%( // T#.<0 -* &*4+5%5!+*1 )5+4!5'%5&": ':. +(.F. '%. / *%!. #"<. =.O. 853"+*!(. – >"3"#*!*: >"3MU, 2008. – . 92 – 100. =1#H!+!%# F.

53!*)5&( ,!"%( ! -#(!*')(!55 // 9.+<(3"+%()/+0" -*+6-

%56. 8#5)*;"+5" & «UF5%")/'&*1 4(@"%"» – [C)"&%#*++01 #"'.#'] / J. 8)(%*+*!( – D";53 <*'%.-(: http://ug.ru/issues08, '!*:*<+01. =16+8-+ 3.&., J#K*1*+# B.3. 8* -*!*<. «)*&()5'%'&*1» &*+,"-,55 @+(F"+56: -#"<)*4 0!E // B'')"<*!(+56 -* '"3(+%5&" -#"<)*4*!: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. G. 8(1(#, J.I. ")5!W#'%*!(.– =.: «D.''&5" ')*!(#5», 2000. – . 115 – 133. =!1-$!% 4.@. O*-#*'0 -*?%5&5 5 $.<*;"'%!"++*1 '"3(+%5&5: 3*+*4#(256.– =.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1986. – 480 '. =!H/)+- &.&. T"*#"%5F"'&(6 -*?%5&( / '*'%. 7.E. =.#(%*!(. – =.: O0'P. P&., 1990. – 334 '. – (>)(''5F"'&5" )5%"#(%.#+0" +(.&5). =!H/)+- &.&. B@ )"&,51 -* %"*#55 ')*!"'+*'%5 // D.''&*" +(#*<+*" %!*#F"'%!*. S#"'%*3(%56 -* 2*)/&)*#5'%5&": .F":. -*'*:5" / '*'%. X.M. >#.4201

)*!, J.X. >#.4)*!, T.O.

35#+*!(; -*< #"<. X.M. >#.4)*!(. – =.: O0'P.

P&., 2003. – . 149 – 159. =!H/)+- &.&. =0')/ 5 6@0&. – =.: H(:5#5+%, 2007. – 256 '. =!H*K# :.&.

*!#"3"++*" #.''&*" ')*!**:#(@*!(+5": -*'*:5" <)6 .F5%.–

=.: 8#*'!"N"+5", 1970. – 384 '. =!LH*;/,$#- 87#II#H*$#. T. 1. / B.B. >*!%.+*!(, I.7. I5&*)5+(, Q.O. >#('5)/+5&*!( (*%!. #"<.) 5 <#. – =.: 7@:.&*!+5&, 2005. – 429 '. =7!$!DM/%#

.=. «Y!.F(N5" &#('&5 #.''&*1 -*?@55» (C'&5@ 2*+*'"3(+-

%5F"'&*1 %"*#55 5<5*'%5)6) // A@0& $.<*;"'%!"++*1 )5%"#(%.#0. H5%"#(%.#+01 6@0&: ':. '%. & 80-)"%5L =.E. E*#5'*!*1 / #"<. &*). I.O. M#5P5+( 5 <#. – (#(%*!: B@<-!* «I(.F+(6 &+54(», 2006 – . 270 – 277. =6,H!%#1!%# &.&. >*+,"-% 07*7!E# ! '5'%"3" 6@0&*!*1 *:#(@+*'%5 -*?@55 I. D.:,*!(: (!%*#"2. <5'. …. &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / T(3:*!'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. M.D.G"#;(!5+(. – T(3:*!, 2009. – 25 '. J/%5*+# F.'. O0#(@5%")/+0" '#"<'%!( -*?%5F"'&*4* 6@0&( =. Z!"%("!*1 5 5$ -#"<'%(!)"+5" ! 5+<5!5<.()/+*-(!%*#'&*3 ')*!(#" // A@0& #.''&*1 -*?@55 XX!.: ':. +(.F. %#. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!. – =., 1989.– . 195 – 222 '. J/%5*+# F.'. I"&*%*#0" +(-#(!)"+56 ?!*)L,55 -*?%5F"'&*4* 6@0&( ! XX !. // JF"#&5 5'%*#55 6@0&( #.''&*1 -*?@55 XX !. 8*?%5F"'&51 6@0& 5 5<5*'%5)/: J:N5" !*-#*'0. Y!.&*!(6 *#4(+5@(,56 %"&'%(: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!. – =.: I(.&(, 1990. – . 7 – 55. J/%5*+# F.'. J&&(@5*+()/+*" ')*!* ! -*?%5F"'&*3 6@0&" //

)*!(#/ -*-

?%5F"'&*4* 6@0&( =(#5+0 Z!"%("!*1: O 4 %. T.2. – =., 1998. J!,1A? &.2. G(+%" ! ?'%"%5&" 5 -*?@55 (&3"5@3(: '5'%"3( &*+,"-%*!: I( 3(%"#5()" %!*#F"'%!( 7. 7$3(%*!*1, I. M.35)"!(, J. =(+<")/P%(3(: <5'. ... &(+<. 25)*). +(.&. – D*'%*!-+(-G*+., 2005. – 210 '. 2/%/7,$#- F.G. A@0&5 -*?%5F"'&5$ P&*) D*''55 &(& ?)"3"+% '*,5*&.)/%.#+*4* 5 6@0&*!*4* -#*'%#(+'%!( '*!#"3"++*'%5 (90-" 44. XX !.) // T"&'%. B+%"#%"&'%. >.)/%.#(: =(%"#5()0 3";<.+(#*<+*1 +(.F+*1 &*+2"#"+,55

202

4–7 (-#")6 2001 4. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!, I.7, 9(%""!(.– =.: 7@:.&*!+5&, 2001. – . 53 – 56. 2/%/7,$#- F.G. A@0& -*?%5F"'&*1 P&*)0: 5<5*)"&%, 5<5*'%5)/, '*,5*)"&%. – =.: « )*!(#5.#.». – 2007. – 126 '. 2/1*%#+!%# 2.G. D.''&51 2*)/&)*#: *'+*!+0" ;(+#0 5 -"#'*+(;5.– =.: U+5!"#'5%. &+54(; H*4*', 2008. – 200 '. 2/1*%N7,H!%# F... "3(+%5F"'&(6 '%#.&%.#( -#"<)*4( +# // B'')"<*!(+56 -* '"3(+%5&" -#"<)*4*!: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. G. 8(1(#, J.I. ")5!W#'%*!(. – =.: «D.''&5" ')*!(#5», 2000. – .189 – 242. 2/78//%# B.3. > !*-#*'. * &)(''525&(,55 &*+,"-%*! ! $.<*;"'%!"++*3 %"&'%" // O"'%+5& TM8U. "#. M.3(+5%(#+0" +(.&5 (95)*)*456). – 2006. – R 5 (56). – . 98 – 103. 2*I#"$! O.3. G"+*%(%5!+01 &)('' &(& *'+*!( *-5'(+56 2#(43"+%( #.''&*1 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+0 35#(: =*+*4#(256.– 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 .+5!"#'5%"%, 1998. – 337 '. 2*I#"$! O.3. G"+*%(%5!+01 &)('' &(& *'+*!( *-5'(+56 2#(43"+%( #.''&*1 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+0 35#(: <5'. ... <-#( 25)*). +(.& / 8*3*#'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. =.O. H*3*+*'*!(. – "!"#*"3"#*!*: B8> «M#(25&(», 2003.– . 32 – 57. ( "#56 «>*+,"-%.()/+0" 5'')"<*!(+56». O0-. 2). 2*I#"$! O.3. A@0&*!(6 &(#%5+( 35#( 5 '-*'*:0 "" 2#(43"+%(,55 // A@0&*!(6 &(#%5+( 35#( ! &.3.)6%5!+*3 ('-"&%": 3*+*4#(256 / [T.O. 53(P&*, T. . I52(+*!(, 7.M. E*+<(#"!( 5 <#.]. – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 .+5!"#'5%"%, 2006. – . 4 – 40. 2$#H!% .... 8*?@56 50 – 60-$ 44. // B'%*#56 #(@!5%56 #.''&*1 )5%"#(%.#0. O 4 %. T. 3: D(',!"% #"()5@3( / 4). #"<. I.B. 8#.,&*!. – H.: I(.&(, 1982. – . 315 – 332.

203

21#%*+ &.3. I(4)6<+01 *:#(@ ! '%#.&%.#" -*@+(+56. – =., 8*)5%5@<(%, 1971. – 271 '. 2I*7+!% G.=. 8*#*;<"+5" 5+%"#%"&'%(: C)"3"+%0 5+%"#%"&'%.()/+*4* (+()5@( ' -#53"#(35 5@ %!*#F"'%!( E.H. 8('%"#+(&(.– 8:: (+&%-8"%"#:. .+-%, 1995. – 192 '. 2I*7+!%# '.&.

+";+0" @(&)5+(+56 (* ,5&)" 7. E)*&( « +";+(6 3('&(»)

// C%+*)5+4!5'%5&( %"&'%(.

"35*%5&( 3()0$ 2*#3 2*)/&)*#(: %"@5'0 5

-#"
D, 1988. – 89 '.

.'. I( @*)*%*3 -*#*4" +"3"#&+.N5$ !#"3"+:

8*?%5&( 53"+ '*:'%!"++0$ ! -#*5@!"<"+56$ I. >)L"!(. – O*)*4<(: B@<-!* OM8U, 2006. – 262 '. 2!7!;/+$! B... >*+,"-% ,$6$# 5 "4* )5+4!5'%5F"'&*" -#"<'%(!)"+5" ! %"&'%($ #*3(+*! B.7. M*+F(#*!(: <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / %(!#*-*)/'&51 4*'. .+-%. – %(!#*-*)/, 2003. – 184 '. 2K#1-K!%# 2.P. >*+,"-%0 %/+;#+*/, )7#$, ,/IM- &(& *%#(;"+5" #.''&*4* 3"+%()5%"%( (+( 3(%"#5()" 6@0&( -#*5@!"<"+51 #.''&*1 )5%"#(%.#0): (!%*#"2"#(% <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / >.:(+'&51 4*'. .+-%. – >#('+*<(#, 2008. – 23 '. . O#7#,!%# G.&. T"@(.#.'+*" *-5'(+5" &)LF"!0$ ')*! 5<5*'%5)6: '*-*'%(!5%")/+01 ('-"&% (+( 3(%"#5()" -*?@55 B. 7++"+'&*4* 5 M. B!(+*!() // )*!*.-*%#":)"+5" 5 '%5)/ -5'(%")6: 3";!.@*!. ':. O0-. 2 / -*< #"<. G.=. 8*,"-+5.– 8:.: B@<-!* .-8"%"#:.#4'&. .+-%(, 2003. – . 232 – 244. O#7#,!%# G.&. 8*?%5F"'&51 5<5*'%5)/ ! &*4+5%5!+*3 ('-"&%" (I( 3(%"#5()" -*?@55 M. B!(+*!( 5 B. 7++"+'&*4*): <5'. ... <-#( 25)*). +(.& / (3(#'&51 4*'. .+-%. – (#(%*!, 2004. – 484 c. O*K!+!% &... 8*')*!5,0. 8*4*!*#&5 5 <#.45" 5@#"F"+56 #.''&*4* +(#*<( // Y535+ O.B. 8*')*!5,0 5 -*4*!*#&5 #.''&*4* +(#*<(. E*)/P*1

204

*:[6'+5%")/+01 ')*!(#/. – D*'%*! +/G: 9"+5&', =*'&!(: Z5%(<")/%#"1<, 2006. – . 3 – 12. O!1,H!? ... *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 22 %. T. 15. %(%/5 *: 5'&.''%!" 5 )5%"#(%.#" // &*33"+% >. H*3.+*!(. – S.<*;. )5%., 1983. – 432 '. O!0*1M,$#- B.B. =*<")/ 5 &(#%5+( 35#(: 3"%*<*)*45F"'&51 ('-"&% 5$ #(@)5F"+56 5 !@(53*<"1'%!56 // A@0& 5 -*?%5&( 2*)/&)*#(: G*&). 3";<.+(#. &*+2. – 8"%#*@(!*<'&: B@<-!* 8"%#MU, 2001. – .199 – 203. O!7,6/%# G.'. >*+%"&'% // A@0&*@+(+5". E*)/P*1 ?+,. ')*!(#/ / 4). #"<. O.I. A#,"!(.– =.: «E*)/P(6 D*''51'&(6 ?+,5&)*-"<56», 1998.– . 238–239. O67#+*+# ..&. B3"++(6 3"%(2*#( ! #.''&*1 -*?@55 +(F()( XX !.: (!%*#"2. <5'. … <*&%. 25)*). +(.& / E")4*#*<'&51 4*'. .+-%. – J#"), 2000.– 37 '. OA+-+!% Q... 7#$(5'%0 5 +*!(%*#0.– H., 1929. OA+-+!% Q... 85'(%")/ 5 .F"+01: !*'-*35+(+56, #(@30P)"+56, !'%#"F5. – =.: =*). 4!(#<56, 1966. – 220 '. OA+-+!% Q... 8#*:)"30 '%5$*%!*#+*4* 6@0&(.– =.: >*3>+54(, 2007.– 184 '. <#H//%# ..&. B+%"#%"&'% ! 35#" %"&'%*!: >*+%#(-.+&% 5+%"#%"&'%.()/+*'%5. – =.: >*3>+54(, 2007. – 280 '. <*,/+$! F.2. >*+,"-% 87!5# ! #.''&*3 6@0&*!*3 '*@+(+55: <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / O*#*+";'&51 4*'. .+-%. – O*#*+";, 2005. – 187 '. *+,"-,56 F")*!"&( ! '*!#"3"++*1 25)*'*2'&*1 5 -'5$*)*45F"'&*1 30')5. – I*!*'5:5#'&:, 2001. – . 164 – 168. R#I*H!%# S.J. >*+,"-%.()/+(6 3"%(2*#( «-#5#*<( – F")*!"&» ! #.''&*1 -*?%5F"'&*1 &(#%5+" 35#( XIX – XX !!.: )5+4!*&.)/%.#*)*45F"'&51 5 )"&'5&*4#(25F"'&51 ('-"&%0: (!%*#"2. <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / E(P&5#'&51 4*'. .+-%. – U2(, 2008. – 24 '. R#7;/+$! 3.T. 9.+&,55 3"%(2*#0: UF":. -*'*:5". – =.: B@<(%")/'%!* H>B, 2007. – 96 '. R!K1!%# ..3. H"&'5F"'&*" @+(F"+5" 5 !+.%#"++66 2*#3( &(& '-*'*:0 &*+,"-%.()5@(,55 35#( -#5#*<0 (+( 3(%"#5()" 4*!*#*! (#$(+4")/'&*1 *:)('205

%5). <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / 8*3*#'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. =.O. H*3*+*'*!(. – "!"#*. T(#)(+*!. – 8"%#*@(!*<'&: B@<-!* 8"%#*@(!*<. 4*'. .+-%( 53. J.O. >.P+"+(, 1983. – . 59 – 65. U#0/+$! 2.&. J'*:"++*'%5 &*+,"-%.()5@(,55 '.%*F+*4* &#.4( !#"3"+5 ! #.''&*1 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+" 35#(: <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / 8*3*#'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. =.O. H*3*+*'*!(. – "!"#**+,"-%.()5@(,56 '!*1'%! '.%*F+0$ *%#"@&*! ! )5%"#(%.#+*1 5 <5()"&%+*1 -*<'5'%"3($ #.''&*4* 6@0&( // 8#*:)"30 &*+,"-%.()5@(,55 <"1'%!5%")/+*'%5 5 3*<")5#*!(+56 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+0 35#(: ':. +(.F. %#. / '*'%., *%!. #"<. T.O. 53(P&*. – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 .+5!"#'5%"%, 2007. – . 106 – 113. U#0/+$! 2.&. .%*F+01 ,5&) -#5"3*! -5N5 ! )5%"#(%.#+*1 5 <5()"&%+*1 -*<'5'%"3($ #.''&*4* 6@0&( // )*!* 5 %"&'% ! &.)/%.#+*3 '*@+(+55 ?-*$5: :. +(.F+. %#. V. 2 / *%!. #"<. M.O. .<(&*!. – O*)*4<(: B@<-!* OM8U, 2008. – . 190 – 193. U#0/+$! 2.&. J:#(@ 35#( ! )5%"#(%.#+*1 5 <5()"&%+*1 -*<'5'%"3($ #.''&*4* 6@0&( // J:#(@ 35#( 5 35# *:#(@*!: 3*+*4#(256 / [T.O. 206

53(P&*,

I.O. J'&*)&*!(, .7. Z(-"+&* 5 <#.]. – 7#$(+4")/'&: B@<(%")/'&51 ,"+%# M=U. – 7#$(+4")/'&, 2009. – . 5 – 38. V/7/I*,*+# ..3. O*-#*'0 ?'%"%5&5 #.''&*1 $.<*;"'%!"++*1 #"F5. – >5"!: O5N( P&*)(, 1981. – 240 '. V/7+/9 .3. > %"*#55 -*?%5F"'&5$ %#*-*! // O"'%+5& =U. "#. 9. 95)*)*456. – 2001. – R 2. – . 7 – 19. P#+,$*? ..4. 9#(@"*)*456 '*!#"3"++*4* #.''&*4* 6@0&(: UF":. -*'*:5" <)6 !.@*!.– 8:.: -",5()/+(6 H5%"#(%.#(, 1996. – 192 '. P#"$*+# '.:.

)*!* ! *:#(@+*1 '5'%"3" -*?%( (+( 3(%"#5()" -*?@55 J.

.)"13"+*!(): (!%*#"2. <5'. … &(+<. 25)*). +(.& / 7)3(%5+'&51 4*'. .+-% 53. 7:(6. – 7)3(%0, 1996. – 26 '. P#0*7 4.G. A&*:'*+ D.J. 5 =*'&*!'&51 )5+4!5'%5F"'&51 &#.;*& // Philologica. – 1996. – vol 3. – R 5/7. – . 361 – 365. P/0/1/%# 2... J 2*#3()/+*-'"3(+%5F"'&5$ %5-($ ! #.''&*3 ')*!*%!*#F"'%!" // H5+4!5'%5&( 5 -*?%5&(: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!.– =.: I(.&(, 1979. – . 248 – 254. P61M,$#- F.3. J '53!*)" ! -*?@55 7. =";5#*!( 5 Q. O5+*&.#*!( // H5+4!5'%5&( 5 -*?%5&(: ':. '%. / *%!. #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!.– =.: I(.&(, 1979. – 255 – 273. W*0#;/% 2. Y( !0'*&.L -*?@5L // 8#(!<(. – 1952. – 13 <"&(:#6. S?K/+)#6I C. =")*<5&( #.''&*4* )5#5F"'&*4* '%5$(. – 8:: «J8JAY», 1922. – 200 '. S0"H/?+ 4... «8#5#*<(, 35#, %(1+5& !'")"++*1…»: 5'%"3( -"1@(;+0$ *:#(@*! ! #.''&*1 -*?@55. – =.: O0'P. P&., 1990. – 303 '. SD/+E*/%# '.3.

%#.&%.#+(6 *#4(+5@(,56 ':*#+5&( H"*+5<( Y(!()/+L&(

« %5$5» &(& #"()5@(,56 $.<*;"'%!"++*1 3*<")5 35#( // 8#*:)"30 &*+,"-%.()5@(,55 <"1'%!5%")/+*'%5 5 3*<")5#*!(+56 6@0&*!*1 &(#%5+0 35#(: 3(%"#5()0 3";<.+(#*<+*1 +(.F+*1 &*+2"#"+,55 / J%!. #"<. T.O. 3(P&* – 7#$(+4")/'&: 8*3*#'&51 .+5!"#'5%"%, 2002.– . 200 – 202.

207

5-

@$!),!+ J.F. D(:*%0 -* -*?%5&" / !'%.-. '%. O6F. O'. B!(+*!(, '*'%. =.H. M('-(#*!(. – =.: 8#*4#"'', 1987. – 464 '. @$!),!+ J.F. A@0& 5 :"''*@+(%")/+*" / -"#. ' (+4), 2#. >. M*).:*!5F, G. Q-52(+*!( 5 <#., '*'%.. !'%.-. '%. >. M*).:*!5F, >. V.$#.&5<@". – =.: M+*@5', 1996. – 248 '. @9$/%*; //

.'. T"3(%5F"'&(6 '%#.&%.#( -*?%5F"'&*4* ')*!(#6 I.7. >)L"!(

)*!* 5 %"&'% ! &.)/%.#+*3 '*@+(+55 ?-*$5: ':. +(.F+. %#. V. 2 // *%!.

#"<. M.O. .<(&*!. – O*)*4<(: B@<-!* OM8U, 2008. – . 257–268.

!"#$%& & '(%$#")*&+& X#1M 3.G. )*!(#/ ;5!*4* !")5&*#.''&*4* 6@0&(: ! 4 %. – =.: T"##(, 1994 (O %"&'%" – G()/). Y6$!% 3.=. )*!(#/ -*')*!5, 5 -*4*!*#*&. – =.: D.'. 6@., 2000.– 544 '. :*I*+ 3.G. 8*')*!5,0 5 -*4*!*#&5 #.''&*4* +(#*<(. E*)/P*1 *:[6'+5%")/+01 ')*!(#/. – D*'%*! +/G: 9"+5&', =*'&!(: Z5%(<")/-%#"1<, 2006. – 544 '. G%#+!%# ....

)*!(#/ 6@0&( -*?@55 (*:#(@+01 (#'"+() #.''&*1 )5#5&5

&*+,( XVIII – +(F()( XX !!.) / I.I. B!(+*!(, J.Q. B!(+*!(. – =.: JJJ «B@<(%")/'%!* 7 T»: JJJ «B@<(%")/'%!* 7'%#")/»: JJJ «B@<(%")/'%!* “D.''&5" ')*!(#5”»: JJJ «T#(+@5%&+54(», 2004. – 666 '. T/71!H R.S.

)*!(#/ '53!*)*! / -*< #"<.

.O. 8#*)""!(.–=.: «REFL-

book», 1994. – 608 '. F>/8!% 2.G., P%/E!%# ..Q. T*)&*!01 ')*!(#/ #.''&*4* 6@0&(. – =.: 7@:.&*!+5&, 1997. – 944 '. (O %"&'%" – JK) =#%1!%*; ..

)*!(#/ -*?%5F"'&5$ *:#(@*!: O 2 %.: I( 3(%"#5()" #.''&*1

$.<*;"'%!"++*1 )5%"#(%.#0 XVIII – XX !!. – =.: C<5%*#5(), 1999. =/79!%# ..

)*!(#/ +"*)*45@3*! O")"35#( S)":+5&*!(.– =.; Wien:

Hansen-Lave, 1995. =!16K*+# 3., =-71* Q. )*!(#/ %#*-*! B. E#*<'&*4*: (I( 3(%"#5()" ':*#+5&( «V('%5 #"F5»). – T(#%., 1995. J!5/+H#1M X.S.

-#(!*F+5& -* #.''&*3. 6@0&.: U-#(!)"+5" ! #.''&*3

6@0&".– =: «JIB> 21 !"&», 2002. – 303 '. 208

)*!(#/ '5+*+53*! / '*'%. H.8. 7)"&%*#*!(, .H. E(;"+*!(, Y.T. >*#*%&"!5F 5 <#., #"<. 7.8. Q!4"+/"!*1. – H.: I(.&(, 1975. – 648 '. )*!(#/ '*!#"3"++*4* #.''&*4* )5%"#(%.#+*4* 6@0&(: ! 17 %. / #"<. O.B. V"#+0P"!, .M. E(#$.<(#*!, O.O. O5+*4#(<*!, .8. J:+*#'&51 5 <#.– =. – H.: B@<(%")/'%!* 7&(<"355 I(.&

D, 1951–1965. (O %"&'%" –

DHA).

21!%#7M -5A$# 76,,$!? 0!L5** XX !. / '*'%.: O.8. M#54*#/"!, H.H. K"'%(&*!(, O.O. E(&"#&5+(, 7.O. M5&, H.B. >*)*<6;+(6, T.Q. D".%%, I.7. 9(%""!(, 4). #"<. O.8. M#54*#/"!. – =.: A@0&5 ')(!6+'&*1 &.)/%.#0, 2001 – 2003. )*!(#/ #.''&*4* 6@0&(: ! 4 %. / -*< #"<. 7.8. Q!4"+/"!*1. – =.: D.''&51 6@0&; 8*)54#(2#"'.#'0, 1999. (O %"&'%" – =7 ). 2+/8:

-#(!*F+5& / -*< #"<. G.=. M#"6 5 <#.– H.: M5<#*3"%"*5@<(%,

1986. – 751 '. O!1$!%A? ,1!%#7M 76,,$!8! -5A$#. O 4 %. / -*< #"<. G.I. UP(&*!(. – =: JJJ «B@<(%")/'%!* 7'%#")/», JJJ «B@<(%")/'%!* 7 T», 2000. (O %"&'%" – U). O67#+*+# ..&. ="%(2*#( O. =(6&*!'&*4*:

)*!(#/. T(:)5,0. >*33"+%(-

#51. – E")4*#*<: B@<-!* E")4*#*<'&*4* 4*'. .+-%(, 1997. – 192 '. O67#+*+# ..&.

)*!(#/ *:#(@+0$ '#"<'%!

. Q'"+5+(:

)*!(#/. T(:)5,0.

>*33"+%(#51. – E")4*#*<: B@<-!* E")4*#*<'&*4* 4*'. .+-%(, 1998. V('%*%+01 ')*!(#/ (!%*:5*4#(25F"'&*1 %#5)*455 =. M*#/&*4* / (!%.-'*'%. 8.=. 7)"&'""!. – 8:.: B@<-!* 8:MU, 1996. S+9*$1!0/E*-.

53!*)0, @+(&5, ?3:)"30 / (!%.-'*'%. O. 7+<#""!(,

O. >.&)"!, 7. D*!+"#. – =., 2006.

209

(&'"+ &',")*&+"# &E#I!%*; '.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51.

%5$5, -#*@(, -"#"!*<0 / !'%.-5%. '%.,

'*'%., -#53"F. J.7. >*#*'%")"!(. – 8:: 7)"%"16, 1999. – 506 '. &$,#$!% G.2. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / !'%.-5%. '%. 7.M. G"3"+%/"!( 5 Q. . >()3(+*!'&*4*, -*<4*%. %"&'%( Q. >()(+*!'&*4*. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1960. – 298 '. &1*8/7 4. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%., -#"<5'). 7. T.#&*!(. – =.: S.<*; )5%., 1975. – 544 '. &1*0#+!% B.

%5$*%!*#"+56. – 8:.: T5-. ?&'-*@5,56 @(4*%*!)"+56 M*'.<(#-

'%!"++0$ :.3(4, 1830. – 162 '. &1I#5!% C... *F5+"+56. O 2 %. [#"-#5+%+*" 5@<(+5" 1896]. – =., 1982. &+E7//% X. .

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. T. 1–3 / '*'%, !'%.-5%. '%., -*<4*%.

%"&'%( 5 -#53"F. 7.7. 7+<#""!*1, -*')"'). E.I. D*3(+*!(. – =.: =*'&*!'&51 #(:*F51, 95#3( U#(+56, 1996. &++/+,$*? G.<.

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -"#"!*<0/ '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. O. Z0:5+(. –

=.: *!#"3"++5&, 1981. – 239 '. &+H!$!1M,$*? =. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 4 %. T.1, 2. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1971. &06KH*+ &...

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#53"F. I. 8(!)*!(. – H.:

G"%. )5%., 1990. – 159 '. &,#E!% S. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. T. 1, 2 / -*< #"<. I.B. >#L&*!(, -#"<5'). . E(#.@<5+(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1988. – 447 '. &,//% .. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / !'%.-5% '%., '*'%. 7.B. =5@(1)*!(, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. 7.7. U#:(+(, D.E. O()/:" – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1981. – 495 '. &KI#E61*+# C.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 3 %. / '*'%. 5 -*<4*%. %"&'%( E.7.

="''"#"#, J.8. M#.P+5&*!, &*33"+%. J.8. M#.P+5&*!(. – =.: 8(+ >*#*+( 8#5+%, 1997. &KI#H!%# &.&.

*F5+"+56 ! 2 %. T. 1:

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / !'%.-5%. '%.

=. G.<5+(, '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, &*33"+%. O.7. V"#+0$. – =.: S.<*; . )5%., 1986. – 511 '. C#87*9$*? S. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53. B. H. O*)45+(. – =. :8#(!<(, 1987. – 448 '. 210

C#1H76"#?H*, Q. H5)56 5 '"#-: %5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-5%. '%. 7. T.#&*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1989. – 399 '. C#1MI!+H T.X. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 2 %. T. 1. – =.: =*;(1'& – T"##(, 1994. – 832 '. C#7#HA+,$*? B.&.

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#53"F.

O.>*#*!5+(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1982. – 400 '. C#7$!%# &. O"F+* +" %(…– =.: 9*+<

"#4"6 G.:*!(, 2002.– 624 '.– (I(#*<-

+01 (#$5!. O"& XX. 8#*%5!*'%*6+5": V")*!"& – 5'%"3(). C#7H! &. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 4 %. %5$5 5 -*?30 / *%!. #"<. H.H"!5+ – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1983. – 558 '. C#7A$!%# &.=.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. O). 5 7. V"#%&*!0$. –

8:.: T5-*4#(256 7.7. 8*#*$*!N5&*!(, 1897. – 322 '. C#H("$!% T... %5$*%!*#"+56/'*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#53"F. B.J. K(1%(+*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1987. – 320 '. C/E+A? X. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 5 %. T. 3, 4 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 7.7. O*)&*!(, -#53"F. B. .C!"+%*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1954. C/E+A? X. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 5 %. T. 3, 4 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 77. O*)&*!(, -#53"F. B. .C!"+%*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1954. C/1A? 7.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51:

O.=. 85'&.+*!(, &*33"+%.

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 /

*'%, -#"<5').

.B. 85'&.+*!*1, O.=. 85'&.+*!(. – =.: D"'-.:-

)5&(, 1994. – 559 '. C/+/E*$H!% O.M.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -#"<5'). 5 -#53"F. 7.I. 7#$(+4")/-

'&*1. – =.: G"%. H5%"#(%.#(, 1990. – 190 '. C/788!1M9 F. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. / '*'%. =. E"#44*)/,, !'%.-5%. '%. 7. 8(!)*!'&*4*, -#53"F. T. M*)*!(+*!*1. – H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1988 – 1990. C/,H6>/%-4#71*+,$*? &.&. *F5+"+56 ! 2 %. T. 2: 8*!"'%5, #(''&(@0, *F"#&5, '%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -*<4*%*!&( %"&'%(, &*33. O.B. >.)"P*!( – =.: S.<*;. )5%, 1981. – 591 '. C1!$ &.&.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 6 %. / !'%.-5%. '%., '*'%. O.B.

&*33"+%, .7. I":*)/'5+(. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1971. 211

*)*!/"!(,

C!8E#+!% 3.G. %5$*%!*#"+56 / F*'%., -#"<5')*!5" 5 -#53"F. I.O. E(++5&*!(. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1987. – 126 '. C!$!% 3.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / #"<. &*)). B.B. 7&.)*!, O.8. 7'%(2/"! 5 <#. – =.:

*!. D*''56, 1982. – 208 '. C7#6+ .. D*<+0" <()5. %5$*%!*#"+56. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1958. – 370 '. C7(,!% 3. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 7 %. T. 1–3: / !'%.-5% '%. 8.M. 7+%*&*)/'&*4*, -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. I. . 7P.&5+(, =.O. O('5)/"!(, =.B. G5&3(+ 5 <#. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1973. C6)+!% .. 8*?%5F"'&51 ,!"%*&. – 8:.: T5--256 %*!-!( «J:N"'%!"++(6 -*)/@(», 1866. – 12 '. 3#8*+!% T.

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / -*<4*%. %"&'%(, '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#5-

3"F. 7. M"#('53*!*1. – T*3'&: B@<-!* «O*<*)"1», 2000. – 192 '. 3#+"/+$*+ T. B@:#(++0" '%5$*%!*#"+56 ! 2 %. T.1. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1975.– 400 '. 3#,*1M/% =. H5#5&( / '*'%. 8. O0$*<,"!.–H.: G"%'&(6 )5%"#(%.#(, 1981. – 139 '. 3%/E/+,$*? &. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" -#*5@!"<"+51 ! 2 %. T.1, 2 / !'%.-5% '%., -#53"F. =. ="1)($(, '*'%. 5 -*<4*%. %"&'%( =. ="1)($(, O. C#)5. – =.: M5)"6, 1993. 3/+/%*H*+!% X.3.

%5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?30. G#(30 / '*'%., -#"<5'). E. 5#"+-

'&*4*. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1976 – 128 '. 3*$61!% 2. B@:#(++*". – =.: *!. D*''56, 1972. – 336 '. 3*$61!% 2. O'$*<0: %5$5. – =.: *!. -5'(%")/., 1982. – 271 '. 3*+!$67!% B. ="%(2*#0: %5$5. – =.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1972. – 125 '. 3*+!$67!% B. G*3 5 35#: %5$5. – =.: *!#"3"++5&, 1977. – 271 '. 3*+!$67!% B. (3(6 '.%/: %5$5 – =.: *!. -5'(%")/., 1987. – 400 '. 3!5+/,/+,$*? &. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. T. 1 – 3 / !'%.-5%. '%. H. J@"#*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1983. 3!1!"*+ 4.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 2 %. T. 1, 2 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( O.8.

>.-F"+&*, 7.O. H(!#*!(. – =.: C))5' H(&; D*''51'&(6 (&(<"356 +(.&, B+'%5%.% #.''&*1 )5%"#(%.#0, 2000 – 2003.

212

3!,H!$!% &.R.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-5%. '%., #"<. 5 -#53"F. O. J#)*!(. – H.:

*! -5'(%")/, 1936. – 158 '. O#"3"+( 4*<(: #*<+(6 -#5#*<( ! -*?@55 / '*'%. O. >.@+",*!. – =.: =*)*<(6 4!(#<56, 1977. – 256 '. O#"3"+( 4*<(: D.''&5" -*?%0 * #*<+*1 -#5#*<" / '*'%. I.M. 8(!)*!(. – H.: H"+5@<(%, 1985. – 238 '. O0'*&*" '%#"3)"+/": H5#5&( <"&(:#5'%*! / '*'%., &*33"+%, !'%.-5%. '%. H.M. 9#5@3(+(. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1980. – 230 '. 3-5/I,$*? =.&. G*#*;+(6 <.3(:

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -#"<5'). 5 -#53"F.

O. 72(+('/"!( – =.: G"%. )5%., 1981 – 159 '. 3-5/I,$*? =.&.

%5$*%!*#"+56. O*'-*35+(+56. Y(-5'+0" &+5;&5 / '*'%.

I.M. J$*%5+(, !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. 7.H. Y*#5+( 5 I.M. J$*%5+(. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1988 – 480 '. '#I5#H!% J. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 5 %. T. 1, 2 / !'%.-5%. '%. . I(#*!F(%*4*. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1980. '*1-7!%,$*? 3. *F5+"+56 ! 4 %. T.4 / -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. Q.>5'")"!*1. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1968 – 463 '. '*00*6, :.

%5$*%!*#"+56. 8#*@( / !'%.-5%. '%., '*'%, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 &*3-

3"+%. >.=. 7@(<*!'&*4*, 7.O. H(!#*!(. – H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1991. – 672 '. '1*+$# <...

*F5+"+56 / '*'%., -*')"'). O.B. >(#-",(. – =.:

*!. D*''56,

1986. – 352 '. '+/E*; ..G. %5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?30 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.O. 72(+('/"!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1984. – 224 '. – (8*)5%5F"'&(6 D*''56). '7*)#;/% .. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 6 %. T.1 – 3 / !'%.-5%. '%. 7. =5$(1)*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1985 – 1986. '7*8!7M/% &. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. E.9. Q4*#*!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1978. – 288 '. '6I*1/% ..2. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 10 %. T.1–4 / -*<4*%*!&( %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. =. E('&"#, T.=. O($5%*!(, X.O. Y*:+5+, 7.B. =5$(1)*!, O.7. 8#*&*2/"!, M.O. 95)5--*!. – =.: O*'&#"'"+/", 1998. 213

X#%AE!% X.3.

*F5+"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#53"F. Q.H":"<"!( – =.:

*-

!#"3"++5&, 1984. – 302 '. X/1M%*8 7.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. H. 7'(+*!(. – =.:

*!. D*''56, 1983. – 288 '. – (8*)5%5F"'&(6 D*''56). X/I/+HM/% &.X. %5$*%!*#"+56. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1988. – 188 '. X/7>#%*+ '.J. *F5+"+56. / '*'%., :5*4#(25F"'&51 *F"#& 5 &*33"+%. B.B. 8*<*)/'&*1 – =.: 8#(!<(, 1985. – 576 '. XI*H7*/% G.G.

*F5+"+56/ '*'%. 7.=. 8"'&*!(, B.Y.

.#(%. – =.: 8#(!<(,

1986. – 592 '. X!)7!1()!% ..&.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 9 %. T. 8 / -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F.

E.A. E.$P%(:(. E.9. Q4*#*!(, .7. D"1'"#(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1864. – 714 '. X!1I#H!%,$*? B. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2 %. T. 1, 2. / -#"<5'). >. O(+P"+&5+(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1971. X7!>>*+ 2. %5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-5%. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. H. B)/5+(. – =.: *!. 85'(%")/, 1949. – 291 '. X76+*+# Q. =5# <* !*@3*;+*'%5 @(-.%(+…: %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%. Q.I. H5-(%+5&*!*1.– =.: D.''&(6 &+54(, 1997. – 368 '.– (8*?%5F"'&(6 D*''56). X6E*+ =.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51. O 3 %. T. 1.:

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 1935 –

1960 / !'%.-5%. '%. >. >.)5"!(.– H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1976. – 408 '. B%H6"/+$! B.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. / -#"<5'). Q.

5<*#*!(.– =.: S.-

<*;. )5%., 1983 – 1984. B7"!% =.=.

%5$*%!*#"+56/ '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.8. Y!"#"!. – =.:

*!. D*''56, 1989. – 224 '. B,/+*+ 2. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 7 %. T. 1–3: / -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 &*33"+%. 7.7. >*@)*!'&*4*. – =.: H*4*' – I(.&(, 1995 – 1998. Y#7!% &.

%5$5. 8"'+5. 8*?30 / -#"<5'). =. =(%.'*!'&*4*. – =.: S.<*;.

)5%., 1864. – 447 '. Y/I;6>+*$!% &.4. %5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. .Q. E5#L&*!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1988. – 336 '.

214

Y*861*+ &. \5@+/, +"F(6++(6 #(<*'%/: B@:#(++*". / -#"<5'). H. 7++5+'&*4*. – =.: =*). 4!(#<56, 1980. – 287 '. Y6$!%,$*? 3.&. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 5 -5'"3 ! 20 %. T. 2. / #"<. J.E. H":"<"!( 5 7. . A&.P&*!5F. – =.: A@0&5 #.''&*1 &.)/%.#0, 2000. – 840 '. :#)!1!9$*? .. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2 %. / !'%.-5%. '%. I.

%"-(+*!(,

-#53"F. Q. Y(:*)*,&*1. – =: S.<*; .)5%. 1972. «Y<#(!'%!.1, -)"36 3)(<*"…»: 7+%*)*456 -*?@55 -.P&5+'&*1 -*#0: >+. 3 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. O. =.#(!/"!(. – =: *!. D*''56, 19888. – 352 '. G1M*+# B. Y"3)6 +(P(. %5$5. – U2(: E(P4*'5@<(%, 1943. – 31 '. G,#/% B. 8*?30: G()/ -(36%5. .< -(36%5.– =.: S.<*; )5%., 1983. – 199 '. G,#$!%,$*? 4. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 5 %. T. 1. / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 7.B. B'(&*!'&*1, !'%.-5%. '%. 7.T. T!(#<*!'&*4*, -#53"F. O. . E($%5+(.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1981. – 431 '. G,$#+E/7 <. H('%*F&5+* 4+"@<*: 8#*@(. 8*?@55. 8.:)5,5'%&(.– =.: 9*#%.+( H535%"<, 1999. – 440 '. T#5#$!%# J. Q)&5 @")"+0": >+54( '%5$*!.– =.: =*)*<(6 4!(#<56, 1969. – 176 '. T#I/+,$*? 3. 3"+'&51 O.

%5$5. 8*?3(.– 8"#3/: >+. 5@<-!*, 1981. – 252 '. (-* 5@<. >(%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30. (E*)/P(6 '"#56 E5:)5*%"&5 -*?%(. =.–

H., 1966). T#0+*,H 3.3. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 / !'%.-5%. '%. M.O. Q#3(&*!*1-E5%+"#. – H.: *!. 85'(%")/, 1973. – 615 '. T#H/+*+ =.&. B@:#(++*" / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. 7.B. >(@5+,"!. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1989. – 240 '. T/E7*+ X. G.3( * D*''55. %5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., .G. >"<#5+*1, !'%.-5%. '%. X.A. 8"%#.+5+*1.– =.: 8#(!<(, 1990. – 496 '. T*)*7!% O. B+%53+(6 )5#5&(: I*!0" '%5$*%!*#"+56.–

8:.: «8.P&5+'&51

2*+<», 1998.– 48'. T*7*11!% 3.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / #"<. &*). O.=. B+:"#, O. J. 8"#,*!, 7.7. 8#*-

&*2/"!, =.9. D0)/'&51. 7.T. T!(#<*!'&51.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1958. – 224 '.

215

T*7,#+!% 2.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 4 %. T. 1. / -#"<5'). B. M#5+:"#4(.– =.:

S.<*;. )5%., 1974. – 496 '. T1A;$!% 2.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F.

.B.

.::*%5+(.– =.: *!. D*''56, 1991. – 368 '. T1(/% .. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / !'%.-5% .'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( >. 7@(<*!'&*4*. – =.: S.<*; )5%., 1991. – 351 '. T+->+*+ @.C. >*3"<55 5 &*35F"'&5" *-"#0 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., &*33"+%. 7.X. O"'")*!*1 5 I.7. M.'/&*!(. – 8:: M5-"#5*+, 2003 – 624 '. (D*''51'&(6 <#(3(%5F"'&(6 :5:)5*%"&(). >*!F"4: 8*?@56 -"#!*1 ?354#(,55 / '*'%., (!%*# -#"<5'). 5 &*33"+%. O. >#"1<. – =.: 8*)5%5@<(%, 1991. – 511 '. T!51!% G.G. B@:#(++0" '%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -#"<5'). 5 -#53"F. O.B. ($(#*!(. – =.: *!"%'&(6 D*''56, 1979. – 127 '. T!1M9!% &.3. *F5+"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.7+5&5+(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1966. – 463 '. T!1M9!% &.3.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%., -#53"F. O.7+5&5+(. – =.:

S.<*;. )5%., 1986. – 223 '. T!7+*1!% C.

%5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?30 / '*'%.

.O. =.@0F"+&*, !'%.-5%. '%.

. . >.+6"!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1991 – 256 '. T7#,!% 3.G. *F5+"+56 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, !'%.-.. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.O. M.#0. – 7#$(+4")/'&: "!"#*-@(-(<+*" &+5;+*" 5@<-!*, 1982. – 188 '. T65I*+ 4.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-. '%., '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. I.7.

E*4*3*)*!(.– 8:: 7&(<"35F"'&51 -#*"&%, 2000. – 831 '. T65+/9!% Q. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / '*'%. , !'%.-5%. '%. O. >*;5+*!. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1989. – 206 '. T65MI*+#-T#7#%#/%# B.Q. B@:#(++*" / !'%.-5%. '%., '*'%. B -#53"F. I.O. J'/3(&*!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1991. – 448 '. T6+-/% 2. B@:#(++*":

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / !'%.-5%. '%.

=.: S.<*;. )5%., 1979. – 381 '.

216

. V.-#5+5+(.–

T67!;$*+ 3. %5$*%!*#"+56. %(%/5. 9")/"%*+0 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, !'%.-. '%. B.A3-*)/'&*4*. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1957. –7 14 '. T67!;$*+ 3.2.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / -#"<5')., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. B. A3-

-*)/'&*4*. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1972 – 159 '. T6"+/7 &.

%5$*%!*#"+56: V"%0#" <"'6%5)"%56 / #"<. O.8. E()(P*!.– =.:

8#*4#"''-8)"6<(, 2000. – 288 '. T(K/1M)/$/7 3.T. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2 %. T.1 / !'%.-5%. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. I.O. >*#*)"!*1. – =.–H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1967. – 665 '. /7I!+H!% 4.Q. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 10 %. / '*'%. O.M. ")"@+"! 5 <#. – =.: «O*'&#"'"+/"», 2000. !I!+!,!% 4.3. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56. – =.–H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1965. – 580 '. !K%*9$#- 4. 8"'+/ )L:!5. %5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?3(. / -*< #"<. I.O. 7)"$5+*1. – =.: TJJ H"%*-5'/, 1999. – 412 '. 6$!+*+ 4. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2. T.1. / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 7.O. H.&*+5+*1, -#"<5'). 8.M. 7+%*&*)/'&*4*.– =: S.<*;. )5%., 1989. – 463 '. 4#?$!% &... *F5+"+56 ! 2 %. / '*'%. H. . M"1#*. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1984. – 575 '. 4#?$!% 3. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. 7.O. Y(-(<*!(. – =.–H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1966. – 502'. 4#+E/1M"H#I F. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 4 %. T. 1: / '*'%. B. I"#)"#, 7. I5&5%("!.– =.: 7#%-E5@+"'-Z"+%#, 1999. – 367 '. 4#7HA+!% . *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ( 3 %. T.1, 2.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1976 – 1977. 4#-$!%,$*? 3.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 12 %. T.1 – 10 / '*'%. O.O. =(&(#*!(,

O.O. O*#*+,*!(, !'%.-. '%. 7.B. ="%F"+&*. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1978. 4/>*7!% &.=. B@:#(++*" / !'%.-5%. '%. 7. B'%*45+*1.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1989.–576 '. 4/?

.&. Y(:0%0" 63:0: H5#5&( / '*'%., -#"<5')., -#53"F. I.8.

.$*!*1. –

=.: G"%. )5%., 1984. 4/?

.&. %5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. >.>. E.$3"1"#. – =.:

*!. D*''56, 1985. – 256 '.

217

4*+#/% X. B@:#(++*" / '*'%., !'%.-. '%., -#53"F. B. A3-*)/'&*4*. – H: S.<*;. )5%., 1986. – 397 '. 4*K#?1!% 4. . B@:#(++*" / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. M.M. Q)5@(!"%5+*1. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1979. – 558 '. 467#%M% 4...

%5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. H.B. >.-

)(&*!*1. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1967. – 386 '. 4-H1/% G.=.

%5$*%!*#"+56.

"+'(,55 5 @(3"F(+56 4*'-*;5 >.#
!'%.-. '%., '*'%. I.7. >*!(#'&*4*, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. I.7. >*!(#'&*4* 5 Q.8. E($3"%/"!*1. – H.: *! -5'(%")/, 1969 – 647 '. .#)!$!% 3. >#.4: 8*?%5F"'&5" -#*5@!"<"+56. D(''&(@0 / '*'%. 5 -#53"F. I.B. T*)'%*1, !'%.-. '%. 7.M. E5%*!(.–H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1990. – 544 '. .#E,!+ 2.@.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%., -#53"F. Q.O. B!(+*!*1. – =.:

*!. D*''56, 1987. – 336 '. .#E,!+ 2.@.

%5$*%!*#"+56 [#"-#5+%+*" !*'-#*5@!"<"+5" 5@<(+56 1898 4.] /

*%!. @( !0-.'& 9. . E0&*!'&(6. – =., 1990. – 320 '. I"5@!"'%+01 =(#5"+4*2: B@:#(++0" '%5$5 5 -*?30 1916 – 1962 44. / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. 7.H('&5+(.–

8:: 7)/3(+($ «8"%#*-*)/», 9*+<

#.''&*1 -*@55, B@<-!* «H(+/», 1996. – 214 '. ./$7#,!% ..&. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 5 -5'"3 ! 15 %. T.1 – 5. / -*<4*%. %"&'%(, &*33"+%. O.C. O(,.#*, 7.=. M(#&(!5, 4). #"<. =.E. S#(-F"+&*. – H: I(.&(, 1982. .*$*H*+ G.2. *F5+"+56 ! 4 %. T.1 – 3 / '*'%. J.O. E.:+*!*1, H.7. =(P+"!( – =.: *!. D*''56, 1960. F8#7/% ..=. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2 %. T.1 / !'%.-. '%. O.7. 8.%5+,"!(, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. I.=. M(1<"+&*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1956. – 490 '. FE!/%,$*? &. %5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.8. A4.<5+(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1982. – 208 '. F5/7!% . %5$*%!*#"+56 / #"<. . >.-#(P"!5F. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1978. – 333 '. =#%1!%# T. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '%5$*%!*#"+51 / !'%.-. '%. 8.8. M#*3*!(, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. I.=. M(1<"+&*!(. – =.–H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1964. – 616 '. 218

F"#+*+

.

%5$5 5 -"'+5 * <#.@/6$ / #"<. H. E")*!.– =.: S.<*;. )5%.,

1952.– 231 '. =#1MI*+

.G.

+0 +(-6!..

*:#(+5" '%5$*%!*#"+51 / #"<. O.=. H(!#*!(,

O.7. 9"<*%*!(. – =.: O .+5!"#'5%"%'&*1 %5-*4#(255 =. >(%&*!(. – 598 '. =#,H/7+#$ C. . *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 5 %. T. 1 / '*'%, &*33"+%. Q.O. 8('%"#+(& 5 >.=. 8*)5!(+*!(, !'%.-. '%. G. . H5$(F"!(. – =.: S.<*;. H5%., 1989. – 751 '. 8"'+/ )L:!5: H5#5&( #.''&5$ -*?%*! XIX – XX !"&*!. O 2 %. T.1 / '*'%., -*<4*%*!&( %"&'%(, -#53"F. . =(45<'*+. – =.: =*)*<(6 4!(#<56, 1971. – 752 '. 8"%"#:.#4 ! #.''&*1 -*?@55 XVIII – +(F. XX !.: 8*?%5F"'&(6 (+%*)*456 / '*'%. =.O. J%#(<5+(. – H.: B@<-!* H"+5+4#(<'&*4* .+5!"#'5%"%(, 1988. – 384 '. =1/Z//% &...

%5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-. '%. 5 -#53"F. H. . 8.'%5)/+5&. – =.:

S.<*;. )5%., 1975. – 432 '. =!1/>#/% &.G. %5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?30. O*'-*35+(+56 '*!#"3"++5&*! / '*'%., -#"<5'). 5 -#53"F. 7.I. O"#'*!5+(. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1990. – 480 ' =!1!+,$*? @.=. H5#5&(. 8#*@( / '*'%., !'%.-. '%. 5 -#53"F. O.M. 9#5<)6+<. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1984. – 608 '. 8*?@56 1820-1830 44.

:*#+5& ! 2 %. / !'%.-. '%., *:N. #"<. H.A. M5+@:.#4,

'*'%. O.C. O(,.#*, O. . >5'")"!(. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1972. 8*?%5F"'&5" *:#(@0: *% (:(;.#( <* 6P30: ')*!(#/ / '*'%. O.E. 9"#&")/.– V")6:5+'&, 2002. – 590 '. 8*?%5F"'&5" %"F"+56 ! #.''&*1 )5%"#(%.#" &*+,( XIX – +(F()( XX !"&(: H5%"#(%.#+0" 3(+52"'%0 5 $.<*;"'%!"++(6 -#(&%5&(: S#"'%*3(%56 / '*'%. 7.M. *&*)*!.– =.: O0'P. P&., 1988. – 368 '. 8*?%0 1790-1810-$ 44.: :*#+5& '%5$*! / !'%.-. '%., '*'%. X.=. H*%3(+(. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1971. 8*?%0 1840-1850-$ 44. / !'%.-. '%. E.A. E.$P%(:(. – =.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1962.– 567 '. 8*?%0 8.P&5+'&*1 -*#0. B@:#(++0" '%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%. O. J#)*!. – =: G"%. )5%., 1972. – 415 '. 8*?%0--"%#(P"!,0 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. O.O \<(+*!(. – =.– H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1966. – 390 '. 219

8*?%0-#(<5N"!,0: O*)/+*" *:N"'%!* )L:5%")"1 ')*!"'+*'%5, +(.&5 5 $.<*;"'%! / #"<. 5 &*3. O. J#)*!(, !'%.-. '%. O.7. G"'+5,&*4*, O. J#)*!(. – =.– H.: *!. -5'(%")/. 1983. – 885 '. =7*8!% X.&. I(-5'(++*" ' 1990 -* 1994 / #"<. T. =5$(1)*!'&(6.– =.: I*!*" )5%"#(%.#+*" *:*@#"+5", 1998. – 288 '. =7*8!% X.&.

*!"%'&5" %"&'%0 1979–1984 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%. 7.H. Y*#5+.–

8:.: B@<-!* B!(+( H53:($(, 1997. – 271 '. =6"$*+ &.2. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 10 %. T. 1 – 4./ '*'%. 5 -#53"F. E.O. T*3(P"!'&*4*. – =.: B@<-!* (&(<"355 +(.&

D, 1957.

J#/%,$*? 3.<. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '%5$*%!*#"+51 / !'%.-. '%. 7.O. 7#$5-*!*1, O.M. E(@(+*!(, -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. O.M. E(@(+*!(. – =.:

*!. -5'(%")/,

1967. – 254 '. J!>E/,H%/+,$*? J.G.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. T. 2–3 / -#"<5'). 7. E*F(-

#*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1985. J!I#+!% &.&. G+5 -#*@#"+56: %5$5. 8*?30. – =.: =*). 4!(#<56. 1985. – 110 '. J!,H!0;*+# B.=. T()5'3(+: B@:#(++(6 )5#5&(. G#(3(. G*&.3"+%0, -5'/3(, !*'-*35+(+56 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%., -#53"F. O. 72(+('/"!(.– =.: =*'&. #(:*F51, 1987. – 319 '. D.''&(6 +(#*<+(6 -*?@56: )5#5F"'&(6 -*?@56 / '*'%. 7.7. M*#")*!(. – H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1984. – 584 '. D.''&(6 -*?@56 XVIII !"&( / !'%.-. '%. 5 '*'%. M. =(&*4*+"+&*. – =.: S.<*;. )5%, 1972. – 734 '. D.''&(6 -*?@56 XIX !"&( ! 2 %. / '*'%. Q. O5+*&.#*!(, O. >*#*!5+(, !'%.-. '%. Q. O5+*&.#*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1974. – 735 '. D.''&(6 -*?@56 '"#"<5+0 XIX !"&( / '*'%, -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#"<5'). 5 -#53"F. I.O. E(++5&*!(. – =.: =*'&. D(:*F51, 1985. – 400 '. D.''&(6 #*3(+%5F"'&(6 -*?3( / '*'%, -#53"F. 7. . I"3@"#(, 7.=. 8"'&*!(, !'%.-. '%. 7. . I"3@"#(. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1985. – 576 '. D.''&(6 -*?@56 1801 – 1812 44. / !'%.-. '%. 7. I"3@"#(, '*'%. 5 -#53"F. 7. 7#$(+4")/'&*4*, 7. I"3@"#(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1989. – 383 '. 220

D.''&(6 )5%"#(%.#(: !"& XVIII: )5#5&( / '*'%. I.>*F"%&*!( 5 <#. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1990. – 735 '. D.''&(6 -*?@56 1826 – 1836 44. / !'%.-. '%., '*'%. 5 -#53"F. 7. . I"3@"#(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1991. – 527 '. J6;M/% C. HL:(!(: %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / #"<. T. 7!"#6+*!(.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1966 – 183 '. JA1//% T.<.

*F5+"+56 / '*'%. M.7. >*)*'*!*1, !'%.-. '%. 7. =. 8"'&*!(. –

=.: 8#(!<(, 1983. – 352 '. 2#I!?1!% X. «=+" !0-()* !'W…» / '*'%. 7.G. G(!0<*!.– =.: O#"36, 2000.– 624 '. 2%/H1!% 4.&.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. / !'%.-. '%. E.B.

4*%. %"&'%( H.I.

*)*!/"!(, -*<-

35#+*!*1, -#53"F. Q.8. HL:(#"!*1. – =.: S.<*;. )5%.,

1975 '. – 784 '. 2%/H1!% 4.&. B@:#(++*" / -#"<5'). =. *:*)6, '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( D. 735#?<;5:5. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1988. – 495 '. 2/1M%*+,$*? G. . B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 ! 2 %. / '*'%. Z. O*'&#"'"+'&*1, !'%.-. '%. H. J@"#*!(, +(.F+. -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 &*33"+%. B. =5$(1)*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1989. 2/%/7-+*+ G. >)(''5F"'&5" #*@0. ="<()/*+0 / !'%.-. '%. X.O. E(:5F"!*1, '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( O.7. >*P")"!(.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1991. – 222 '. 2*I!+!% T. 4.

%5$*%!*#"+56. 8*?30. / '*'%., !'%.-. '%.

.8. >*P"F&5+(. –

=.: 8#(!<(, 1982. – 448 '. 2*+/86) 2.

%5$*%!*#"+56 1905 4. – D*'%*!/+ G*+.: T5-*4#(256 «G*+'&(6

#"F/», 1905. – 56 '. 2!1!%M/% 3.2. D*''56 5 !'")"+'&(6 ,"#&*!/ / -*< #"<. X.M. S(,&"!5F(. – =5+'&: S(#!"'%, 1999. – 1600 '. – (>)(''5F"'&(6 25)*'*2'&(6 30')/). 2!1!86) <. / !'%.-. '%., '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. =.B. G5&3(+. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1978. – 679 '. 26I#7!$!% &.=. G#(3(%5F"'&5" '*F5+"+56. – H.: B'&.''%!*, 1990. – 479 '. (E5:)5*%"&( #.''&*1 <#(3(%.#455). 221

267*$!% G.:.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%., -#53"F.

.7. I":*)/'5+(. –

=.: *!. D*''56, 1985. – 336 '. 267$!% &. B3"+"3 ;5@+5: %5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%. 5 !'%.-5%. '%. 7. T.#&*!(. – =.: *!. D*''56, 1986. – 240 '. O#7$!%,$*? &. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 3 %. T.1, 2 / '*'%.T. J@"#'&*1-T(#&*!'&*1, !'%.-. '%. >. >*!()/<;5, -#53"F. 7. H(!#5+(.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1991. O%#7E!%,$*? &.O. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 6 %. T.1 – 3 / -#"<5'). >. 53*+*!(, -#53"F. X. E.#%5+(, D.D*3(+*!*1.– =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1976 – 1978. O!1,H!? &.T. *:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 4 %. / '*'%., !'%.-5%. '%. 5 -#53"F. B.M. A3-*)/'&*4*. – =.: 8#(!<(, 1980. O7/D!1/%

.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. B. 71@"+-

P%*&(.– H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1949. – 215 '.– (E5:)5*%"&( -*?%(). O7-0$*+ ..

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., (!%*# -#"<5'). O. >*;5+*!. – =.: G"%.

H5%., 1983. – 190 '. O678/+/% G.2.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / -*< #"<. B. A3-*)/'&*4*. – =.:

*!. -5'(-

%")/, 1950. – 339 '. O(H;/% 9.B.

*F5+"+56 ! 2 %. T.1. / -*<4*%*!&( %"&'%(, '*'%., &*33"+%. >.O.

854(#"!(, !'%.-. '%. H.I. >.@5+*1, >.O. 854(#"!( – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1984. +54( '%5$*!.– =.: *!#"3"++5&, 1976. – 143 '.
%5$5 5 -*?3(.– 7#$(+4")/'&, O*)*4<(:

"!.-Y(-. &+.

5@<-!*, 1983. – 125 '.
%5$5. – 7#$(+4")/'&: B@<-!* 8*3*#'&*4* 4*'.-

<(#'%!"++*4* .+5!"#'5%"%(, 1998. – 288 '.
%5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30. – =.:

JJJ H"%*-5'/, 2000. – 412 '. R/I+*9/7 G.G. 8*)+*" '*:#(+5" '%5$*%!*#"+51 / !'%.-. '%. I.H. %"-+*!(. – =. – H.: *!. 85'(%")/, 1963. – 381 '.

222

R/7#,$!% 4.4. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. 7.O. Y(-(<*!(. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1961. – 410 '. R!I-$!% &.2.

%5$*%!*#"+56 5 <#(30 / !'%.-. .'%., -*<4*% %"&'%(, -#53"F.

E.9. Q4*#*!(.–H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1969.– 595 '. V.<+*" 34+*!"+/". HL:*!+(6 )5#5&( #.''&5$ -*?%*!. >+. 1. / '*'%. H. J@"#*!(. – =.: S.<*;. )5%., 1988. – 447 '. P/%A7/% 2.=.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / #"<. -#53"F. =.7#*+'*+(. – H.:

*!. -5'(-

%")/, 1939. – 235 '. W/7)*+# ..<. B@:#(++0" -#*5@!"<"+56 / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5 -#53"F. M.A. M()(4(+, !'%.-. '%. B.G. M)5&3(+(.– H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1970. – 648 '. P$61/% <.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / -*<4*%. %"&'%(, '*'%., -#"<5'). 7H. T#"4.:*!(. –

=.: S.<*; )5%., 1978. – 256 '. P6I#K/7 =.3. %5$5 5 -"'+5. – =.: T5-*-)5%*4#(256 7.O. O('5)/"!( 5 >0., 1902. – 196 '. U%/H#/%# 4.

*:#(+5" '*F5+"+51 ! 7 %. T. 1 – 3. / '*'%., -*<4*%. %"&'%( 5

&*33"+%. 7.

((&6+,, H. =+.$5+(. – =: TQDD7, «>+5;+(6 )(!&( – DTD»,

1997. S7/+)678 G.

%5$*%!*#"+56 / '*'%., -#53"F. M.7. E")*1. – =.:

*!. D*''56,

1982. – 176 '. @5A$!% ..4.

*F5+"+56 / '*'%., !'%.-. '%., -#53"F. 7.7. >(#-*!(. – =.: S.-

<*;. )5%., 1982. – 446 '. @$6)!%*; =.<. %5$*%!*#"+56 / !'%.-. '%., -*<4*%. %"&'%(, -#53"F. E.I. G!5+6+5+*!(. – H.: *!. -5'(%")/, 1960. – 522 '. @,/+,$*? 2.Q., .!,!% 2... >#"'%0: D(''&(@0.

%5$5 / *2*#3). $.<*;.

7.E. I5&*)/'&51. – H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1991. – 79 '. @"*+ &. %5$*%!*#"+56 5 -*?30 / #"<. >. >*+5F"!. – 7#$(+4")/'&, 1948. – 410 '.

223

-"!.+!"%*/0 &',")*&+& \5!(6 !*<(: ':*#+5& #.''&5$ +(#*<+0$ -"'"+, '&(@*&, -*')*!5,, @(4(<*& / '*'%. O.8. 7+5&5+. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1975.– 462 '. D.''&(6 +(#*<+(6 -*?@56: )5#5F"'&(6 -*?@56 / '*'%. 7.7. M*#")*!(. – H.: S.<*;. )5%., 1984. – 584 '. D.''&*" +(#*<+*" -*?%5F"'&*" %!*#F"'%!*: $#"'%*3(%56 / '*'%. X.M. >#.4)*!.– H.: 8#*'!"N"+5", 1981. – 559 '. D.''&*" +(#*<+*" -*?%5F"'&*" %!*#F"'%!*: $#"'%*3(%56 / '*'%. X.M. >#.4)*!. – 8:.: 8#*'!"N"+5", 1993.–639 '. D.''&*" .'%+*" +(#*<+*" %!*#F"'%!*: $#"'%*3(%56 / '*'%. 7.O.>.)(45+(. – =.: B@<-!* DJU, 1996. – 800'. %(#5++0" #.''&5" -"'+5 / '*'%. H.K.!()*!*1. – =.: G"%. )5%., 1959. – 192 '. 9*)/&)*# I*!4*#*<'&*1 *:)('%5: B'%*#56 5 '*!#"3"++*'%/ / '*'%. J. . E"#<6"!(.– B@<(%")/'&51 <*3 « %#(%"456», 2005.– 352 '.– (Y*)*%(6 &*))"&,56). S#"'%*3(%56 -* 2*)/&)*#. / '*'%. 9.=. ")5!(+*!. – =.: 8#*'!"N"+5", 1972. – 303 '.

12%*$!.*/0 &',")*&+& G#.;:( +(#*<*!.– 1983 – 1984, 1986 (!'" +*3"#(). Y!"@<(.– 1985 – 1999 (!'" +*3"#(). Y+(36.– 1989 – 1995 (!'" +*3"#(). =*'&!(.– 1997 – 1999 (!'" +*3"#(). I"!(.– 1998 – 1999 (!'" +*3"#(). I(P '*!#"3"++5&.– 1991 – 1992 (!'" +*3"#().

224