THE IMPACT OF BIO-ENERGY USE A. ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY 1. Continuous supply of materials/renewable energy; 2. Energy source diversification; 3. Lessen the use of fossil energy. 4. Lessen the dependability to imported fuel; 5. Protect the sustainability of national energy reserve. B. ECONOMIC IMPACT 1. Creation of local industries; 2. Development of downstream agriculture sector; 3. Positive impact on balance of trade by reducing fuel import; 4. Increase of product value added; 5. Increase of internal investment; 6. Creation of new employment and business development. C. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 1. Decrease of green house gas (GHG) emission; 2. Decrease of non-GHG air pollution; 3. Increase of environment sanitation because it can be produced from wastes; 4. Easy to break down (Biodegradable); 5. Increase of air quality, public health, and public welfare.
PERTAMINA’S BIOFUEL SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT
Impact of the Increase of Bio Diesel to Fuel Import Jenis Sektor Transportasi PSO (APBNP 2013) Transportasi Non PSO/Industri Pembangkit listrik Total Asumsi ICP $103/barel Kurs Rp10000/USD
Volume Juta KL 16,0 12,0 6,3 34,3
Campuran Per September 2013 10% 3-5% 7,5%
Saving impor Sep-Des 2013 (Triliun Rp) 4,59 1,64 1,29 7,52
Campuran Per Januari 2014 10% 10% 20%
Saving impor 2014 (Triliun Rp) 13,12 9,84 10,33 33,29
The realization of Bio Diesel to August 2013 is 0,5 million KL
With the increase of bio diesel content from 7,5% to 10%, it is predicted that the Sep-Dec 2013 realization for PSO fuel will be 0,56 million KL (Java, Bali, Sumatera, and Kalimantan)
In 2014, the bio diesel content of 10% will already be practiced to transportation PSO and Non PSO fuel all over Indonesia
PT PLN will use 20% mix of bio diesel for their power plant starting from January 2014
4
Currently, Mandatory Realization of BIO DIESEL Use is very low... Ribu KL 2.500,0
Mandatory (ribu kl)
Konsumsi Biodiesel (ribu kl)
80,0%
% Realiasasi 2.017,0
2.000,0 60,0% 1.641,0 1.500,0 1.297,0
40,8%
40,0%
1.076,1 1.000,0
27,7% 25,0%
775,9 20,7%
500,0
669,4 504,7
15,4%
20,0%
358,8 223,0 119,3
-
0,0% 2009
*) Realisasi sampai dengan Agustus 2013
Source: Kemen ESDM
2010
2011
2012
2013*
Indonesian Biomass Potential
Biomass Utilization in SE Asia
The source is in abundance but the utilization is low!
Sumber: Poyry, 2009
6
Prastowo, B. 2013
POTENTIAL OF OIL PALM WASTE POWER PLANT 25 POMs 980 ton FFB/Hour
92 POMs 3815 ton FFB/Hour 140 POMs 6660 ton FFB/Hour
26 POMs 1645 ton FFB/Hour
1 POMs 40 ton FFB/Hour
29 POMs 1545 ton FFB/Hour
42 POMs 2245 ton FFB/Hour
65 POMs 5475 ton FFB/Hour
7 POMs 590 ton FFB/Hour 6 POMs 260 ton FFB/Hour
4 POMs 360 ton FFB/Hour
3 POMs 140 TPH
16 POMs 1235 ton FFB/Hour
58 POMs 3555 ton FFB/Hour
19 POMs 990 ton FFB/Hour 10 POMs 375 ton FFB/Hour 1 POMs 60 ton FFB/Hour
3 POMs 260 ton FFB/Hour
43 POMs 3100 ton FFB/Hour
1 POMs 30 ton FFB/Hour
15 POMs 770 ton FFB/Hour
2 POMs 150 ton FFB/Hour
Source : BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Indonesia and Ministry of Agriculture 2009 9
Sumber : data diolah dari BPS dan Kemtan
Potency of Biomass, Biogas, and City Waste Power Plant Development
2012
±1,622 MWe
Kondisiexisting: On Grid 75,5 MWe Off Grid ± 1,547MWe
2013-2014
2015 - 2020
2020-2025
±1,770 MWe
In Project progress On Grid ± 148 MWe PotensiOptimasiPabrikGula (dariBagas): Excess Power (On Grid)±275MWe PotensiOptimasiPabrikKelapaSawit: Excess Power (On Grid) ±4,126MWe (daribiomassapadatdan biogas)
Data source: - Existing condition (PLN,2013) - Pipeline project to 2014 (PLN 2013) -Potensi TeknisL imbah Sampah Perkotaan, Potensi Optimasi PabrikGula, Pabrik Kelapa Sawit, Limbah Sekam padi ,Potensi Teknis Limbah Tongkol Jagung (EBTKE, 2012)
PotensiTeknisLimbahSekamPadi: On Grid/Off Grid ±3,175MWe PotensiTeknisLimbahTongkol Jagung: On Grid/Off Grid ±585MWe PotensiTeknis Sampah PadatPerkotaan (MSW): On Grid/Off Grid ±1,872MWe
STATUS OF INSTALLED CAPACITIES OF “ON-GRID” BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE POWER PLANT OF 2012-2014 • Installed capacities of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas, & City Waste Power Plant to 2012 : 75,5 MW • Installed capacities plan of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas, & City Waste Power Plant to 2013 : 58,2 MW • Installed capacities plan of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas, & City Waste Power Plant to 2014 : 90 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITIES OF “on-grid” BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE POWER PLANT TO 2012 No
Company Name
COD Contract Type
Location
PLN Region
Contract Biomass Type Capacity (MW) palm waste 5
1
PT Riau Prima Energy 2001 Excess power Riau
PLN Wilayah Riau
2
PT Listrindo Kencana 2006 IPP
PLN Wilayah Bangka
Palm waste
5
3
PT Growth Sumatra
2006 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
Palm waste
6
4
palm waste
2
7 8
PT Indah Kiat Pulp & 2006 Excess power Riau PLN Wilayah Riau Paper PT Belitung Energy 2010 IPP Belitung PLN Wilayah Babel PT Growth Sumatra 2010 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
Palm waste Palm waste
7 9
9
PT Pelita Agung
2010 Excess power Riau
PLN Wilayah Riau
Palm waste
5
10
Permata Hijau Sawit 2010 Excess power Riau
PLN Wilayah Riau
Palm waste
2
11 12 13
PT Navigat Organic PT Navigat Organic PT Growth Asia
2011 IPP Bali PLN Dist Bali 2011 IPP Bekasi PLN Dist Jabar 2011 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
MSW MSW Palm waste
2 6 10
14
PT Growth Asia
2012 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
Palm waste
10
15
PT Navigat Organic
2012 IPP
MSW
6,5
Bangka
Bekasi
PLN Dist Jabar
TOTAL CAPACITY OF “ONGRID”
75,5
DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF “on-grid” BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE POWER PLANT IN 2013 No Developer Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Navigat Organic Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group PT Nubika Jaya
COD 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013
PT. Austindo 2013 Aufwind PT. Bioenergi Hijau 2013 PT. Canang Indah 2013
10 PT Victorindo
2013
Contract Location Type IPP Bantar Gebang, Bekasi Excess Simalungun, power Sumut Excess Jambi power Excess Bekasi power Excess Pontianak power Excess Sumatera Utara power IPP Belitung IPP Probolinggo Excess Medan power Excess Sumatera Utara power
Contract PPA PLN Dist Jabar
Biomass Type Capacity MSW (sampah)
Status
2
Konstruksi PLN Wilayah Sumut PLN Wilayah Sumsel PLN DisJabar
Palm waste ( limbah sawit) Palm waste
10 Konstruksi 10
Konstruksi rice husk
10 Konstruksi
PLN Wilayah Kalbar PLN Wilayah Sumut PLN Babel
PLN Wilayah Sumut PLN Wilayah Sumut
TOTAL CAPACITY of “On Grid”
Palm waste
10
Konstruksi Palm waste
6 Konstruksi
POME Kotoran Sapi Palm waste Palm waste
1,2 1 3 5
58,2
Konstruksi Konstruksi Konstruksi PPA dengan PLN Wilayah Sumut
DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF “on-grid” BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE POWER PLANT IN 2014 No
Developer Name
COD
1
PTPN 5
2014
2
Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group Growth Steel Group PT.Maluku Biomass
2014
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014
Contract Type Excess power Excess power Excess power Excess power Excess power Excess power Excess power IPP
Location
Contract PPA
Biomass Type
Capacity
Status
Riau
PLN Wil Riau
POME
8
Pekan Baru Unit 1
PLN Wil Riau
Palm waste
10
PLN Wil Sumsel Palm waste Jambi Bengkulu Simalungun, Sumut PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste
10
PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi PPA dan Administrasi
Palembang unit 1
Jambi Bekasi Pontianak Maluku
PT. Global Green Lestari 10 Private
2014
IPP
Bengkulu
2014
IPP
Gorontalo
11 Private
2014
IPP
Sumut
12 Green Energy Specialist
2014
IPP
Aceh, Langsa
PLN Wilayah Sumsel PLN DisJabar
Palm waste
10
rice husk
10
PLN Wilayah Kalbar Palm waste Maluku dan Maluku Utara PLN Wil Sumsel Jambi Bengkulu PLN Wilayah Gorontalo PLN Sumut
10
wood chip
10 2
Palm waste
6
Corn Cob
10
Biogas POME
1
PLN Wilayah Aceh Biogass POME
3
Proposal PPA dan Administrasi Proposal PPA dan Administrasi Planning
TOTAL CAPACITY of on Grid
90
II. BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY
FEED-IN TARIFF/ELECTRICITY TARIFF FROM BIOENERGY POWER PLANT (Regulation of Minister of ESDM No. 4 Year 2012 Regulation of Minister of ESDM No. 19 Year 2013) No.
Energy
Capacity
Price
Description
Middle Voltage 1.
Biomass
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 975,- / kWh X F
2.
Biogas
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 975,- / kWh X F
Non City Waste
3.
City Waste
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.450,- / kWh
Zero waste *)
4.
City Waste
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.250,- / kWh
Sanitary Landfill *)
Low Voltage 1
Biomass
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.325,- / kWh X F
2
Biogas
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.325,- / kWh X F
Non City Waste
3
City Waste
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.798,- / kWh
Zero waste *)
4
City Waste
s.d.10 MW
Rp. 1.598,- / kWh
Sanitary Landfill *)
Incentive Factor (F): Wilayah Jawa, Bali, Sumatera Wilayah Kalimantan, Sulawesi , NTB dan NTT Wilayah Maluku dan Papua
:F=1 : F = 1,2 : F = 1,3
II. BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY Mandatory Stages of BBN Use in Accordance to Regulation of Minister of ESDM no. 25 -2013 BIODIESEL (Minimum) Sektor
September 2013
Januari 2014
Januari 2015
Januari 2016
Januari 2020
Januari 2025
Transportasi, PSO
10%
10%
10%
20%
20%
25%
Transportasi, Non PSO
3%
10%
10%
20%
20%
25%
Industri
5%
10%
10%
20%
20%
25%
7,5%
20%
25%
30%
30%
30%
Pembangkit Listrik
BIOETANOL (Minimum) Sektor
September 2013
Januari 2014
Januari 2015
Januari 2016
Januari 2020
Januari 2025
-
0,5%
1%
2%
5%
20%
1%
1%
2%
5%
10%
20%
Industri
-
1%
2%
5%
10%
20%
Pembangkit Listrik
-
-
-
-
-
-
Transportasi, PSO Transportasi, Non PSO
MINYAK NABATI MURNI (Minimum) Sektor Industri dan Transportasi (Low and Medium Speed Engine)
Pembangkit Listrik
September 2013
Januari 2014
Januari 2015
Januari 2016
Januari 2020
Januari 2025
1%
5%
10%
20%
20%
20%
Transportasi Laut
-
5%
10%
20%
20%
20%
Transportasi Udara
-
-
-
2%
3%
5%
1%
6%
15%
20%
20%
20%
Industri
Liquid fuel is the most valuable (& most strategic) Why oil and petrol dominate world economy ?
• Can be kept easily and safely for long period of time ( reserve for emergency situation). • Portable, easy to transport and send to a long distance. • Have high energy density. • Relatively easy to lit, but hard to blow up. • Easy to convert into electricity. • Very important (critical) for transportation sector.
Indicator of the strategic value of liquid fuel for economic sustainability : 1. • • • • • • 2.
Importer countries pile up fuel: IEA Recommendation : at least equal as 90 days of the import requirement. Japan : 184 days of national requirement. South Korea : 137 days - “ -. United States : 58 days - “ -. Germany : 111 days - “ -. China : 31 days - “ -. Indonesia : 23 days - “ - (Fuel). Conversion of non-liquid fuel into liquid is an endless effort : Gas-ToLiquids (GTL), Coal-To-Liquids (CTL), Biomass-To-Liquids (BTL).
a DREAM IT’S OUR VISION IT’ S OUR FUTURE
