SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSANPEMILIHAN TANAMAN PERKOTAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Oleh : ANGGA REZA PRAYOGO 2011-51-230
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS 2016
SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN TANAMAN PERKOTAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Oleh : ANGGA REZA PRAYOGO 2011-51-230
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS 2016
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ABSTRACT
Naive Bayes classifier method is often used in support of decision-making, when decisions were faced with a number of criteria and a number of alternatives. Where the criteria in the decision making certainly has a number of alternative weights. One of the problem areas that can be solved with a Naive Bayes classifier method is the selection of urban plants. Where the criteria in question is composed of the following criteria: plant height, the structure of plant root, stem strength, the strength of twigs, leaves the size of the age of the plant, the plant canopy forms and plant flowers. These criteria will be determined the weight of the local, the alternative consists of the existing plant. After determining the weight of each criterion, then the next step is to be determined the weight of each alternative for each criterion in order to obtain global weight. Assessment of urban plant selection is important to determine which plants are suitable to be planted urban dilahan.To address this need for a system to determine the percentage of the resulting choice of plants for planting urban dilahan, then compared to the following criteria: plant height, the structure of plant root, stem diameter, the strength of twigs, plant growth, leaf size and age of the plant.permitted by the comparison process to give quantitative value to each plant (not just rank or class / level). Applications built a responsive web-based applications using the programming language PHP and uses a MySQL database. The method used is Naive Bayes classifier Keywords: election of municipal plants, Naive Bayes Classifier
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ABSTRAK
Metode Naive Bayes Classifier sering digunakan dalam hal membantupengambilan keputusan, bila pengambilan keputusan itu dihadapkan pada adanya sejumlah kriteria dansejumlah alternatif.Dimana kriteria yang ada dalam pengambilan keputusan itu tentunya memilikisejumlah bobot alternatif.Salah satu bidang permasalahan yang dapat diselesaikan dengan metode Naive Bayes Classifier ini adalah pemilihan tanaman perkotaan. Di mana kriteria yang dimaksud adalah terdiri dari kriteria: tinggi tanaman, struktur akar tanaman, kekuatan batang, kekuatan ranting, ukuran daun umur tanaman, bentuk tajuk tanaman dan bunga tanaman.Kriteria ini nantinya ditentukan bobotlokalnya, dengan alternatif terdiri dari tanaman yang ada. Setelah ditentukan bobot dari tiap kriteria,maka langkah selanjutnya adalah akan ditentukan bobot dari tiap alternatif untuk masingmasingkriteria sehingga diperoleh bobot global. Penilaian pemilihan tanaman perkotaan ini penting untuk menentukan tanaman mana yang cocok ditanam dilahan perkotaan.Untuk menyikapi hal tersebut perlu adanya suatu sistem untuk mengetahui presentase pemilihan jenis tanaman yang dihasilkan untuk ditanam dilahan perkotaan, kemudian dibandingkan dengan kriteria: tinggi tanaman, struktur akar tanaman, diameter batang, kekuatan ranting, pertumbuhan tanaman, ukuran daun dan usia tanaman. yang diijinkan berdasarkanproses perbandingan untuk memberikan nilai kuantitatif pada masing-masing tanaman (bukan hanya peringkat ataupun kelas / tingkatan ).Aplikasiyang dibangun merupakan aplikasi berbasis web responsifdengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan menggunakan database MySQL. Metode yang digunakan adalah Naive Bayes Classifier Kata Kunci :Pemilihan, Tanaman Kota , Naive Bayes Classifier
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya penulis mampu menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini dengan judul “Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier”. Skripsi ini disusun guna melengkapi salah satu persyaratan untuk memperoleh Gelar Kesarjanaan Program Studi Teknik Informatika Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muria Kudus. Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan rasa terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kepada : 1.
Allah SWT yang telah memberikan Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya.
2.
Bapak M.Yusuf dan Ibu Sumarni yang senantiasa memberikan dukungan, semangat, doa dan materi yang sangat berarti.
3.
Bapak Dr. Suparnyo, SH, MS, selaku Rektor Universitas Muria Kudus.
4.
Bapak Mohammad Dahlan, ST, MT, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muria Kudus.
5.
Bapak Ahmad Jazuli, M.Kom, selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Informatika Universitas Muria Kudus.
6.
Ibu Rina Fiati, ST, M.Cs selaku pembimbing I yang telah banyak memberikan masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.
7.
Ibu Anastasya Latubessy, S.Kom, M.Cs, selaku pembimbing II yang telah banyak memberikan masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.
8.
Teman-teman TI Angkatan 2011 yang sudah memberikan masukan dan nasehat untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini, serta semua pihak yang telah membantu penyusunan skripsi ini yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu persatu. Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini masih
terdapat banyak kekurangan.Selain itu penulis juga berharap bahwa karya tulis ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi semua orang. Kudus, 7 Januari 2016 Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI Halaman
SKRIPSI ........................................................................................................................ i SKRIPSI ....................................................................................................................... ii PENGESAHAN STATUS SKRIPSI ..........................Error! Bookmark not defined. PERNYATAAN PENULIS ........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ..........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. vii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ viii KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................ ix DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ x DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ xiv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ xvii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................ 1 1.1
Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 3
1.3
Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 3
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 4
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 4 1.5.1 Bagi Penulis .............................................................................. 4 1.5.2 Bagi Akademik ......................................................................... 4 1.5.3 Bagi Instansi ............................................................................. 4 1.5.4 Bagi Pengembang Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknologi ...................... 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................................. 6 2.1
Penelitian Terkait .................................................................................... 6
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2.2
Landasan Teori ..................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 Pengertian Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .............................. 11 2.2.2 Tujuan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .................................... 11 2.2.3 Fase Pengambilan Keputusan ................................................. 12 2.2.4 Arsitektur Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................... 13 2.2.5 Karateristik Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................ 15 2.2.6 Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) .................................. 16 2.2.6.1
Pengertian Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) 16
2.2.6.2
Prosedur Naïve Bayes ............................................ 16
2.2.6.3
Cara Kerja Naïve Bayes ......................................... 17
2.2.6.4
Likelihood .............................................................. 18
2.2.7 Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ................................................ 18 2.2.8 Analisis Sistem ....................................................................... 19 2.2.9 Perancangan Sistem ................................................................ 19 2.3
Kerangka Pemikiran ............................................................................. 28
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN............................................................................. 29 3.1
Metode Pengumpulan Data ................................................................... 29
3.2
Metodologi Pengembangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ................. 29
3.3
Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) ................................................. 31
BAB IVPERANCANGAN SISTEM ......................................................................... 32 4.1
Analisa Masalah .................................................................................... 32
4.2
Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem .................................................................... 32
4.3
Pemodelan SPK .................................................................................... 33
4.4
Perhitungan Metode Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) ............................ 36
4.5
Desain ................................................................................................... 43 4.5.1 Pemodelan Data ...................................................................... 43 4.5.1.1
ERD (Entity Relational Diagram) .......................... 43
4.5.1.2
Tabel-tabel.............................................................. 44
4.5.1.3
Relasi Antar Tabel.................................................. 47
4.5.2 Pemodelan Proses ................................................................... 49 4.5.2.1
Bagan Alir (Flowchart) .......................................... 49
4.5.2.2
Contex Diagram ..................................................... 51 xi
BAB V IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM .......................................................................... 76 5.1
Impelemntasi SPK ................................................................................ 76 5.1.1 Halaman Utama ...................................................................... 76 5.1.2 Halaman Registrasi ................................................................. 77 5.1.3 Halaman Login........................................................................ 78 5.1.4 Halaman Sistem pada Hak Akses Admin ............................... 79 5.1.5 Halaman Kriteria .................................................................... 80 5.1.6 Susunan Kriteria ..................................................................... 82 5.1.7 Halaman Hasil ........................................................................ 85 5.1.8 Halaman Laporan.................................................................... 89 5.1.9 Halaman Ubah Password ........................................................ 90 5.1.10 Halaman About ....................................................................... 91 5.1.11 Halaman Sistem pada Hak Akses User .................................. 91 5.1.12 Halaman Uji SPK ................................................................... 92 5.1.13 Halaman Hasil Pengujian SPK ............................................... 93 5.1.14 Halaman Ubah Password ........................................................ 95 5.1.15 HalamanAbout ........................................................................ 97
5.2
Pengujian Aplikasi ................................................................................ 97 5.2.1 Pengujian Proses Login .......................................................... 97 5.2.2 Pengujian Proses Data Kriteria ............................................... 99 5.2.3 Pengujian Proses Data Susun Kriteria .................................. 100 5.2.4 Pengujian Proses Data Hitung SPK ...................................... 102
BAB VI PENUTUP ................................................................................................. 105 6.1
Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 105
6.2
Saran ................................................................................................... 105
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 106
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DAFTAR TABEL Halaman Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Penelitian Terkait .................................................................. 7 Tabel 2.2 Simbol Program Flowchart........................................................................ 21 Tabel 2.3 Komponen- komponen ERD...................................................................... 22
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Sampel Data Aturan ......................................................................... 37 Tabel 4.2 Tabel Hasil ................................................................................................. 42 Tabel 4.3 Tabel User .................................................................................................. 44 Tabel 4.4Tabel Tanaman ............................................................................................ 45 Tabel 4.5 Tabel Kriteria ............................................................................................. 45 Tabel 4.6 Tabel Sub Kriteria ...................................................................................... 46 Tabel 4.7 Tabel Perhitungan ...................................................................................... 46 Tabel 4.8 Tabel Rumus .............................................................................................. 47
Tabel 5.1Tabel Pengujian Login ................................................................................ 97 Tabel 5.2Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Kriteria ......................................................... 99 Tabel 5.3 Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Susun Kriteria ........................................... 100 Tabel 5.4 Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Hitung SPK ............................................... 102
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Halaman Gambar 2.1 Proses Pengambilan Keputusan (Turban, 2005) [6]............................... 13 Gambar 2.2 Arsitektur Decision Support System (Turban, 2005) ............................. 15 Gambar 2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran Sistem Pendukung Keputusan pemilihan tanaman perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 28
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Arsitektur Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) ............................. 34 Gambar 4.2 Entity Relational Diagram(ERD) Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan ................................................................................... 43 Gambar 4.3 Skema Tabel Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 48 Gambar 4.4 Bagan Alir (Flowchart) Yang Sedang Berjalan ..................................... 49 Gambar 4.5 Bagan Alir (Flowchart) Sistem Yang Diusulkan ................................... 50 Gambar 4.6 Context Diagram .................................................................................... 52 Gambar 4.7 Analysis Report-Rule CheckContext Diagram ....................................... 52 Gambar 4.8 Analysis Report-Level Balance Context Diagram ................................. 53 Gambar 4.9 Dekompisisi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 53 Gambar 4.10 DFD Level 0 ......................................................................................... 54 Gambar 4.11 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 0 ......................................... 55 Gambar 4.12 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 0..................................... 56 Gambar 4.13 DFD Level 1 login............................................................................... 56 Gambar 4.14 Analysis Report- Rule Check DFD Level 1 Login ............................. 56 Gambar 4.15 Analysis Report -Level Balance DFD Level 1 login .......................... 57 Gambar 4.16 DFD Level 1 Pendataan ....................................................................... 57 Gambar 4.17 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 1 Pendataan ....................... 58 Gambar 4.18 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 1 Pendataan ................... 58 Gambar 4.19 DFD Level 1 Logout ........................................................................... 58 Gambar 4.20 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 1 Logout ............................. 59 Gambar 4.21 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 1 Logout ......................... 59
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Gambar 4.22 Layout Halaman ................................................................................... 60 Gambar 4.23 Struktur Menu Admin .......................................................................... 61 Gambar 4.24 Halaman Menu Utama Admin ............................................................. 62 Gambar 4.25 Struktur Menu Pengguna ...................................................................... 63 Gambar 4.26 Halaman Menu Utama Pengguna ......................................................... 64 Gambar 4.27 Desain Halaman Login ......................................................................... 64 Gambar 4.28 Desain Pesan Login Gagal ................................................................... 65 Gambar 4.29 Desain Halaman Pendataan Kriteria .................................................... 65 Gambar 4.30 Desain halaman output data kriteria pada tampilan admin .................. 66 Gambar 4.31 Desain halaman edit data kriteria ......................................................... 67 Gambar 4.32 Desain halaman kelola data susun kriteria ........................................... 68 Gambar 4.33 Desain halaman output data susun kriteria pada tampilan admin ........ 70 Gambar 4.34 Desain halaman hasil penilaian pada tampilan admin ........................ 70 Gambar 4.35 Desain halaman tampil hasil penilaian pada tampilan admin .............. 71 Gambar 4.36 Desain halaman pengujian SPK pemilihan tanaman............................ 72 Gambar 4.37 Desain halaman output Penilaian SPK Pemilihan Tanaman ............... 73 Gambar 4.38 Desain halaman hasil penilaian pemilihan tanaman pada tampilan pengguna .................................................................................................................... 74 Gambar 4.39 Desain halaman tampil hasil Penilaian pemilihan tanaman perkotaan 75
Gambar 5.1Tampilan Halaman Utama ...................................................................... 77 Gambar 5.2Tampilan Halaman Registrasi ................................................................. 78 Gambar 5.3 Tampilan Halaman Login ....................................................................... 79 Gambar 5.4 Tampilan Halaman Hak Akses Admin................................................... 79 Gambar 5.5Tampilan Halaman Input Kriteria ........................................................... 80 Gambar 5.6Tampilan Halaman Daftar Kriteria ......................................................... 81 Gambar 5.7Tampilan Halaman Edit Kriteria ............................................................. 81 Gambar 5.8Tampilan Halaman Input Susunan Kriteria ............................................. 82 Gambar 5.9 Source Code Susun Kriteria ................................................................... 83 Gambar 5.10Tampilan Halaman Susunan Rumus SPK ............................................. 84 Gambar 5.11 Source Code Rumus SPK..................................................................... 85 Gambar 5.12Tampilan Halaman Hasil ....................................................................... 86
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Gambar 5.13Tampilan Tahap Pertama ...................................................................... 87 Gambar 5.14 Source Code Tahap Pertama ................................................................ 88 Gambar 5.15Tampilan Tahap Kedua ......................................................................... 88 Gambar 5.16Tampilan Tahap Ketiga ......................................................................... 89 Gambar 5.17Tampilan Tahap Keempat ..................................................................... 89 Gambar 5.18Tampilan Tahap Kelima ........................................................................ 89 Gambar 5.19Tampilan Halaman Laporan .................................................................. 90 Gambar 5.20Tampilan Ubah Password ..................................................................... 90 Gambar 5.21Tampilan About .................................................................................... 91 Gambar 5.22Tampilan Halaman Hak Akses User ..................................................... 92 Gambar 5.23 Tampilan Halaman Uji SPK ................................................................. 92 Gambar 5.24Tampilan Halaman Hasil Pengujian SPK ............................................. 93 Gambar 5.25Tampilan Tahap Pertama ...................................................................... 94 Gambar 5.26Tampilan Tahap Kedua ......................................................................... 94 Gambar 5.27Tampilan Tahap Ketiga ......................................................................... 95 Gambar 5.28Tampilan Tahap Keempat ..................................................................... 95 Gambar 5.29Tampilan Tahap Kelima ........................................................................ 95 Gambar 5.30Tampilan Ubah Password ..................................................................... 96 Gambar 5.31Tampilan About .................................................................................... 97
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1
Buku Bimbingan Skripsi
Lampiran 2
Surat keterangan Penelitian
Lampiran 3
Biogravi Penulis
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