SEMINAR TUGAS AKHIR ARSITEKTUR (KBA 12117) ALUR DESAIN
HOSTEL DI TANAH LOT TABANAN
MADE NURJAYA PERMANA NIM 1104205001
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR REGULER FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA SEMESTER GANJIL 2014/2015
SEMINAR TUGAS AKHIR ARSITEKTUR (KBA 12117) ALUR DESAIN
HOSTEL DI TANAH LOT TABANAN
DOSEN KOORDINATOR: Dr. Ir. Syamsul Alam Paturusi, MSP DOSEN PEMBIMBING: 1. Ir. Ida Bagus Sarjana 2. I Nyoman Susanta,ST,MErg.
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR REGULER FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA SEMESTER GANJIL 2014/2015
Kata Pengantar Puji syukur saya panjatkan ke hadapan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir ini dapat terselesaikan tepat pada waktunya. Laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir ini dengan judul “ Hostel di Tanah Lot, Tabanan" merupakan tugas dari mata kuliah Seminar Tugas Akhir di Jurusan Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana. Sangat disadari bahwa laporan ini masih jauh dari sebuah kesempurnaan dan memiliki banyak kekurangan, sehingga diharapkan adanya masukan baik berupa kritik maupun saran demi kemajuan dan kesempurnaan penyusunan laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir ini. Pada kesempatan ini saya menyampaikan terima kasih yang sebesar–besarnya kepada pihak – pihak yang telah turut membantu secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam proses penyusunan laporan ini. Terima kasih secara khusus disampaikan kepada : 1. Bapak Ir Prof. Ir. I Wayan Redana, MA.Sc., Ph.D., selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana. 2. Bapak Ir. I Made Suarya, MT, selaku Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana. 3. Bapak Ir. Anak Agung Gde Djaja Bharuna, MT., selaku Pembimbing Akademik saya yang telah mengantarkan saya sampai pada Seminar Tugas Akhir. 4. Bapak Dr. Ir. Syamsul Alam Paturusi, MSP selaku Dosen Koordinator Mata Kuliah Seminar Tugas Akhir. 5. Bapak Ir. Ida Bagus Sarjana selaku pembimbing 1 dalam penyusunan laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir 6. Bapak I Nyoman Susanta,ST,MErg. selaku pembimbing 2 dalam penyusunan laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir 7. Kepada semua pihak yang terlibat dalam penyusunan laporan Seminar Tugas Akhir ini yang tidak dapat saya sebutkan satu-persatu.
Akhir kata, Saya mohon maaf apabila terjadi kekeliruan dan kesalahan, baik pada saat perkuliahan Seminar Tugas Akhir, maupun pada saat penyusunan laporan ini. Semoga makalah ini dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak. Denpasar, 10 Oktober 2014 Penyusun Made Nurjaya Permana 1104205001
DAFTAR ISI Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................................... i Daftar isi ....................................................................................................................... ii Daftar Gambar ............................................................................................................. iii Daftar Tabel ................................................................................................................ iii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1
Latar Belakang...................................................................................................1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah..............................................................................................3
1.3
Tujuan ................................................................................................................4
1.4
Metode Penelitian ..............................................................................................4 1.4.1 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................4 1.4.2 Teknik Analisis Data ...............................................................................5
BAB II PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP HOSTEL 2.1
Penjelasan Hostel Secara Umum .......................................................................6 2.1.1 Pengertian Hostel ....................................................................................7 2.1.2 Perbedaan Hostel dengan Hotel ..............................................................7 2.1.3 Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Hostel..........................................................8 2.1.4 Jenis-jenis Hostel.....................................................................................9 2.1.5 Jenis Kamar Hostel................................................................................12 2.1.6 Susunan Bunk Bed .................................................................................14 2.1.7 Kelengkapan Kamar ..............................................................................18 2.1.8 Ketentuan Sanitary ................................................................................19
2.2
Studi Banding Fasilitas Sejenis........................................................................19 2.2.1 Dasar Pertimbangan Pemilihan Fasilitas Studi Banding.......................19 2.2.2 Simpulan Studi Banding........................................................................28
2.3
Spesifikasi Umum Hostel ................................................................................29 2.3.1 Pengertian Hostel ..................................................................................29 2.3.2 Fungsi ....................................................................................................29 2.3.3 Tujuan ...................................................................................................30
2.3.4 Sasaran Pengunjung ..............................................................................30 2.3.5 Pengelola ...............................................................................................30 2.3.6 Fasilitas Pendukung...............................................................................30 2.3.7 Hubungan Ruang pada Hostel...............................................................33 BAB III STUDI PENGADAAN HOSTEL DI TANAH LOT TABANAN 3.1
Tinjauan Fisik ..................................................................................................35 3.1.1 Topografi ...............................................................................................35 3.1.2 Curah Hujan ..........................................................................................36 3.1.3 Jenis Tanah............................................................................................38
3.2
Tinjauan Non-Fisik ..........................................................................................39 3.2.1 Kondisi Demografi ................................................................................39 3.2.3 Kesenian ................................................................................................40 3.2.4 Potensi Wisata .......................................................................................40
3.3
Fasilitas Sejenis................................................................................................41
3.4
Rencana Tata Ruang Kabupaten Tabanan .......................................................42
3.5
Studi Pengadaan Hostel di Tanah Lot..............................................................44 3.5.1 Analisis S.W.O.T ..................................................................................44 3.5.2 Kesimpulan Analisis S.W.O.T ..............................................................46
3.6
Spesifikasi Khusus...........................................................................................46 3.6.1 Fungsi ....................................................................................................46 3.6.2 Tujuan....................................................................................................47 3.6.3 Lingkup Batasan....................................................................................47 3.6.4 Sasaran Pengunjung ..............................................................................47 3.6.5 Jenis Kamar ...........................................................................................48 3.6.6 Fasilitas..................................................................................................48 3.6.7 Pengelola ...............................................................................................48
BAB IV TEMA DAN PEMOGRAMAN RUANG 4.1
Tema Rancangan..............................................................................................50 4.1.1 Pendekan Tema .....................................................................................50 4.1.2 Penentuan Tema ....................................................................................51
4.2
Program Fungsional .........................................................................................51 4.2.1 Identifikasi Fungsi.................................................................................51 4.2.2 Identifikasi Jenis Kegiatan ....................................................................52 4.2.3 Identifikasi Pelaku Kegiatan .................................................................52 4.2.4 Identifikasi Proses Kegiatan..................................................................53 4.2.5 Simpulan Kebutuhan Ruang..................................................................56
4.3
Program Performansi .......................................................................................57
4.4
Program Arsitektural........................................................................................61 4.4.1 Studi Kapasitas ......................................................................................61 4.4.2 Besaran Ruang.......................................................................................63
4.5
Hubungan Ruang .............................................................................................69 4.5.1 Hubungan Ruang Front of House .........................................................69 4.5.2 Hubungan Ruang Back of House ..........................................................70 4.5.3 Organisasi Ruang ..................................................................................71
4.6
Program Tapak.................................................................................................72 4.6.1 Analisis Kebutuhan Tapak ....................................................................72 4.6.2 Analisis Pemilihan Tapak......................................................................72 4.6.3 Analisa Tapak........................................................................................76
BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN HOSTEL DI TANAH LOT 5.1
Konsep Perancangan Tapak.............................................................................81 5.1.1 Konsep Langgam...................................................................................82 5.1.2 Konsep Enterance Tapak ......................................................................83 5.1.3 Konsep Zonning ....................................................................................84 5.1.4 Konsep Bentuk Pola Masa ....................................................................85 5.1.5 Konsep Orientasi ...................................................................................86 5.1.6 Konsep Sirkulasi dan Parkir ..................................................................88 5.1.7 Konsep Ruang Luar...............................................................................90
5.2
Konsep Perancangan Bangunan.......................................................................91 5.2.1 Konsep Enterance Bangunan ................................................................91 5.2.2 Konsep Zoning Bangunan .....................................................................92 5.2.3 Konsep Tampilan Bangunan .................................................................94
5.2.4 Konsep Sirkulasi dalam Bangunan .......................................................95 5.2.5 Konsep Struktur.....................................................................................96 5.2.6 Konsep Perancangan Sumber Listrik ....................................................99 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1a.Tampak luar Sleeping Box .......................................................................9 Gambar 2.1b.Interior Sleeping Box................................................................................9 Gambar 2.2a. Tampak luar Seattle Hostel (HI) ...........................................................10 Gambar 2.2b. Interior Seattle Hostel (HI) ...................................................................10 Gambar 2.3. Tampak dari pantai Banana Bungalow Hostels ......................................11 Gambar 2.4. Design Interior U Hostel di Madrid........................................................11 Gambar 2.5. Dimensi Bunk Bed...................................................................................12 Gambar 2.6. Dorm 4-bed private bathroom ................................................................12 Gambar 2.7. Shered Dorm ...........................................................................................13 Gambar 2.8. Kamar Pribadi .........................................................................................13 Gambar 2.9a. denah bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah lebar bunk bed .................14 Gambar 2.9b. Tampak bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah lebar bunk bed .............15 Gambar 2.9c. Perspektif bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah lebar bunk bed .........15 Gambar 2.10a. Denah bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah panjang bunk bed..........15 Gambar 2.10b. Tampak bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah panjang bunk bed......15 Gambar 2.10c. Perspektif bunk bed yang disusun Linier searah panjang bunk bed....16 Gambar 2.11a. Denah bunk bed disusun berbeda arah ................................................16 Gambar 2.11b. Tampakbunk bed disusun berbeda arah ..............................................16 Gambar 2.11c. Perspektif bunk bed disusun berbeda arah .........................................17 Gambar 2.12a. Denah Bunk Bed yang meggunakan tangga vertikal...........................17 Gambar 2.12b. Tampak Bunk Bed yang meggunakan tangga vertikal ........................17 Gambar 2.12c. Perspektif Bunk Bed yang meggunakan tangga vertikal ....................17 Gambar 2.13a. Denah Bunk bed yang menggunakan tangga menanjak ......................18 Gambar 2.13b. Tampak Bunk bed yang menggunakan tangga menanjak ...................18 Gambar 2.13c. Perspektif Bunk bed yang menggunakan tangga menanjak ................18 Gambar 2.14. Kelengkapan perabotan kamar .............................................................19 Gambar 2.15a . Peta lokasi Kayun Hostel ...................................................................20 Gambar 2.15b . Tampak depan Kayun Hostel dari utara.............................................21 Gambar 2.15c . Plank nama Kayun Hostel ..................................................................21 Gambar 2.16a. Layout plan Kayun Hostel (ground floor) ..........................................22
Gambar 2.16b. Layout plan Kayun Hostel (second floor)...........................................23 Gambar 2.17a. Interior suite room U-hostel................................................................25 Gambar 2.17b. Interior female dorm U-hostel ............................................................25 Gambar 2.17c. Interior Dorm U-hostel .......................................................................25 Gambar 2.17d. Interior Shered room 4-bed U-hostel..................................................25 Gambar 2.17e. Lounge U-hostel ..................................................................................25 Gambar 2.17f. Family room U-hostel..........................................................................25 Gambar 2.17g. Front Desk U-hostel............................................................................26 Gambar 2.17h. Cinema U-hostel .................................................................................26 Gambar 2.17i. Corridor U-hostel ................................................................................26 Gambar 2.17j. Cafetaria U-hostel ...............................................................................26 Gambar 2.18a. Interior room tipe Double Canal view Generator Hostel ...................27 Gambar 2.18b. Interior room tipe 7 Bed Dorm Generator Hostel ..............................27 Gambar 2.18c. Interior room tipe Family Dorm Generator Hostel ............................27 Gambar 2.18d. Interior room tipe Quad Canal view Generator Hostel......................27 Gambar 2.18e. Interior Biliar room Generator Hostel ...............................................27 Gambar 2.18f. Design Bar Generator Hostel..............................................................27 Gambar 2.18g. Design restaurant di Generator Hostel ................................................28 Gambar 2.18h. Design Front desk di Generator Hostel..............................................28 Gambar 2.19. Denah cafetaria ....................................................................................31 Gambar 2.20. Denah Bar ............................................................................................31 Gambar 2.21. Denah toko ukuran 300m2-500m2 ......................................................32 Gambar 2.22. Hubungan ruang Hostel .......................................................................33 Gambar 3.1a. Peta Kabupaten Tabanan.......................................................................34 Gambar 3.1b. Peta Kecamatan Kediri .........................................................................34 Gambar 3.1c. Peta Desa Beraban.................................................................................34 Gambar 3.2. Peta Topografi Kabupaten Tabanan........................................................35 Gambar 3.3. Perbedaan Aplikasi Banguanan pada lahan landai dan bertransis ..........36 Gambar 3.4. Peta Curah Hujan Kabupaten Tabanan ...................................................37 Gambar 3.5. Prinsip Arsitektural pada Bangunan Tropis ............................................37 Gambar 3.6. Peta Jenis Tanah Kabupaten Tabanan.....................................................38 Gambar 3.7. Sketsa Jenis Pondasi Plat setempat/telapak ............................................38
Gambar 3.8. Peta Kepadatan Penduduk Kabupaten Tabanan .....................................39 Gambar 3.9. Persebaran Fasilitas Penginapan di Desa Beraban..................................41 Gambar 3.10. Peta Sebaran Hostel di Bali...................................................................42 Gambar 3.11. Peta Rencana Pola Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Tabnan .......................44 Gambar 3.12. Sistem Organisasi..................................................................................49 Gambar 4.1. Proses Kegiatan Pengunjung Hostel .......................................................53 Gambar 4.2. Proses Kegiatan Pengelola Hostel ..........................................................54 Gambar 4.3. Proses Kegiatan Fasilitas Pendukung .....................................................55 Gambar 4.4. Hubungan Ruang Front of House ...........................................................69 Gambar 4.5. Hubungan Ruang Back of House ............................................................70 Gambar 4.6. Organisasi Ruang ....................................................................................71 Gambar 4.7. Gambar peta lokasi alternatif 1. ..............................................................73 Gambar 4.8. Gambar keadaan sekitar lokasi alternatif 1 .............................................73 Gambar 4.9. Gambar peta lokasi alternatif 2. ..............................................................74 Gambar 4.10. Gambar keadaan sekitar lokasi alternatif 2 ...........................................74 Gambar 4.11. Gambar peta lokasi alternatif 3 .............................................................75 Gambar 4.12. Gambar keadaan sekitar lokasi alternatif 3 ...........................................75 Gambar 4.13. Gambar bentuk dan dimensi tapak........................................................77 Gambar 4.14. analisa curah hujan dan matahari ..........................................................77 Gambar 4.15. dimensi jalan, telajakan dan trotoar ......................................................78 Gambar 4.16. keadaan vegetasi tapak..........................................................................78 Gambar 4.17. denah tapak ...........................................................................................79 Gambar 4.18. Potongan Tapak ....................................................................................79 Gambar 4.19. Utilitas Tapak.......................................................................................80 Gambar 5.1 Perkawinan Arsitektur Tradisional dengan Arsitektur Modern...............82 Gambar 5.2 Konsep Langgam pada Hostel di Tanah Lot............................................82 Gambar 5.3 Konsep Lokasi Enterance ........................................................................83 Gambar 5.4 Konsep Posisi Enterance .........................................................................84 Gambar 5.5 Penerapan Organisasi Ruang dan Tapak................................................84 Gambar 5.6 Konsep Zonning pada Tapak ...................................................................85 Gambar 5.7 Permainan Geometri pada Pola Masa ......................................................85 Gambar 5.8 Bentuk Atap pada Bentuk Masa ..............................................................86
Gambar 5.9 Konsep Bentuk dan Pola Masa ................................................................86 Gambar 5.10 Potensi Arah Orientasi Bangunan ..........................................................87 Gambar 5.11. Konsep Orientasi Bangunan .................................................................87 Gambar 5.12 Konsep Sirkulasi ....................................................................................88 Gambar 5.13 Konsep Parkir.........................................................................................89 Gambar 5.14 Konsep Ruang Luar ..............................................................................90 Gambar 5.15 Konsep Enterance Bangunan.................................................................91 Gambar 5.16 Konsep Posisi Enterance Bangunan ......................................................92 Gambar 5.17. Pembagian Zonasi pada Bangunan .......................................................92 Gambar 5.18 Konsep Zoning Lantai 1.........................................................................93 Gambar 5.19 Konsep Zoning Lantai 2.........................................................................93 Gambar 5.20 Konsep Zoning Lantai 3.........................................................................94 Gambar 5.21 Konsep Tampilan Tampak Timur ..........................................................94 Gambar 5.22 Konsep Tampilan Tampak Selatan ........................................................95 Gambar 5.23 Konsep Sirkulasi dalam Bangunan ........................................................95 Gambar 5.24 Konsep Koridor Kamar..........................................................................96 Gambar 5.25 Konsep Sirkulasi Vertikal ......................................................................96 Gambar 5.26 Konsep Sub-Struktur..............................................................................97 Gambar 5.27 Detail Pondasi Plat Setempat .................................................................97 Gambar 5.28 Konsep Modul Struktur..........................................................................98 Gambar 5.29. Konsep Kolom Pipa Baja......................................................................98 Gambar 5.30 Konsep Upper Struktur ..........................................................................99 Gambar 5.31 Konsep Penggunaan Solar Panel .........................................................100
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 1. Jenis kamar menurut tempat tidur yang tersedia ...........................................14 Tabel 2. Simpulan Studi Banding ................................................................................28 Tabel 3. Kelompok Ruang Utama ...............................................................................57 Tabel 4. Kelompok Ruang Pendukung ........................................................................58 Tabel 5. Kelompok Ruang Penglelola .........................................................................58 Tabel 6. Kelompok Ruang Servis ................................................................................59 Tabel 7. Jumlah Karyawan ..........................................................................................62 Tabel 8. Kelompok Ruang Utama ...............................................................................63 Tabel 9. Kelompok Ruang Pendukung ........................................................................65 Tabel 10. Kelompok Ruang Pengelola ........................................................................66 Tabel 11. Bobot Kriteria ..............................................................................................72 Tabel 12. Penilaian Alternatif Tapak ...........................................................................76
