PENGENALAN AKSARA BALI MENGGUNAKAN METODE MODIFIED DIRECTION FEATURE DAN ALGORITMA GENERALIZED LEARNING VECTOR QUANTIZATION (GLVQ)
KOMPETENSI KOMPUTASI
SKRIPSI
NI WAYAN DEVIYANTI SEPTIARI NIM. 1108605004
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA JURUSAN ILMU KOMPUTER FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA BUKIT JIMBARAN 2015
Pengenalan Aksara Bali Menggunakan Metode Modified Direction Feature Dan Algoritma Generalized Learning Vector Quantization (GLVQ)
KOMPETENSI KOMPUTASI [SKRIPSI] Sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komputer pada Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana
Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang belum pernah dipublikasikan
NI WAYAN DEVIYANTI SEPTIARI NIM. 1108605004
Pembimbing I
Pembimbing II
Agus Muliantara, S.Kom., M.Kom.
I Made Widiartha, S.Si.,M.Kom.
NIP. 19800616 200501 1 001
NIP. 19821220 200801 1
Judul
: Pengenalan Aksara Bali Menggunakan Metode Modified Direction Feature dan Algoritma Generalized Learning Vector Quantization (GLVQ)
Nama
: NI Wayan Deviyanti Septiari
NIM
: 1108605004
Pembimbing I : Agus Muliantara, S.Kom., M.Kom. Pembimbing II : I Made Widiartha, S.Si., M.Kom.
ABSTRAK Aksara Bali merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak warisan kebudayaan yang terdapat di Bali. Aksara Bali sudah mulai dipelajari mulai dari tingkatan sekolah dasar, namun masih banyak masyarakat yang belum paham dan terkadang lupa dengan penulisan dan pembacaan karakter aksara bali tersebut. Saat ini penelitian mengenai tulisan tangan sudah banyak dilakukan, termasuk juga untuk tulisan tangan aksara Bali Dalam penelitian ini digunakan algoritma Generalized Learning Vector Quantization (GLVQ) untuk melakukan pengenalan terhadap tulisan tangan karakter aksarra Bali. Untuk ekstraksi fiturnya digunakan metode Modified Direction Feature (MDF). Dari algoritma GLVQ, akan diuji nilai learning rate yang menghasilkan akurasi terbaik dalam pengenalan aksara Bali. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan tingkat akurasi yang diperoleh untuk pengujian data karakter aksara Bali yang di tulis menggunakan mouse sebesar 76.96% ,untuk pengujian data karakter aksara Bali Scan didapatkan akurasi sebesar 80.59% dengan menggunakan nilai Learning Rate yang menghasilkan akurasi tertinggi yaitu 0.9, menggunakan minimum eror 0.0001, dan penurunan rasio learning rate sebesar 0.01. Kata Kunci : Generalized Learning Vector Quantization, Modified Direction Feature, Pattern Recognition,aksara Bali
Title
: The Balinese Characters Online Recognition by Using Modified Direction Feature Method and Generalized Learning Vector Quantization Algorithm
Name
: Ni Wayan Deviyanti Septiari
NIM
: 1108605004
Main Supervisor
: Agus Muliantara, S.Kom., M.Kom.
Co-Supervisor
: I Made Widiartha, S.Si., M.Kom..
ABSTRACT Balinese script characer is one of the many cultural heritage contained in Bali. Balinese script already beginning to be studied from primary school level, but there are still many people who do not understand and sometimes forgotten by the writing and reading of the Balinese script character. Currently , research on handwriting has been done , as well as for handwritten Balinese script characters. This study used an algorithm Generalized Learning Vector quantization (GLVQ) to perform handwriting recognition on Balinese script character .For its extraction method is used Modified Feature Direction (MDF). GLVQ algorithm, will be tested the value of learning rate that results in the best accuracy in recognition of Balinese script. From the test results obtained level of accuracy obtained for testing amounted to 76.96% written by mouse , and to test Scan data obtained by 80.59% accuracy by using value Learning Rate that reach the highest accuration 0.9, using minimum error 0.0001, and decrease learning rate ratio of 0.01. The accuration for recognizing Keyword : Generalized Learning Vector Quantization, Modified Direction Feature, Pattern Recognition, Balinese script character.
KATA PENGANTAR Penelitian dengan judul “Pengenalan Aksara Bali Menggunakan Metode Modified Direction Feature dan Algoritma Generalized Learning Vector Quantization (GLVQ)” ini disusun dalam rangkaian kegiatan pelaksanaan Tugas Akhir di Jurusan Ilmu Komputer FMIPA Universitas Udayana. Proposal ini disusun dengan harapan dapat menjadi pedoman dan arahan dalam melaksanakan penelitian di atas. Sehubungan dengan telah terselesaikannya proposal ini, maka diucapkan terima kasih dan penghargaan kepada berbagai pihak yang telah membantu pengusul, antara lain: 1. Bapak Drs. I Wayan Santiyasa, M.Si selaku Ketua Jurusan Ilmu Komputer Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana. 2. Bapak Agus Muliantara, S.Kom., M.Kom. dan bapak I Made Widiartha, S.Si., M.Kom. selaku Dosen Pembimbing dalam penyelesaian proposal tugas akhir ini. 3. Rekan-rekan mahasiswa yang telah memberi dukungan, motivasi, semangat dan kerja sama dalam pembuatan proposal tugas akhir ini. 4. Keluarga dan kerabat serta semua pihak yang turut serta memberi dukungan sehingga laporan ini dapat diselesaikan sesuai dengan waktu yang ditentukan. Penulis menyadari bahwa tugas akhir ini masih belum sempurna, untuk itu kritik dan saran yang bermanfaat demi kesempurnaan tugas akhir ini sangat penulis harapkan.
Bukit Jimbaran, Agustus 2015 Penyusun
Ni Wayan Deviyanti Septiari
DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul.......................................................................................................... i ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. iii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ v DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vi DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................... 11 BAB I ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. PENDAHULUAN.................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1
Latar Belakang....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2
Rumusan Masalah.................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3
Batasan Masalah .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6
Metodelogi Penelitian ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.1
Objek Penelitian ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.2
Pengumpulan Data ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.3
Pengolahan Data Awal ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.3.2 Citra Biner ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.6.3.3 Segmentasi ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.6.3.4 Thinning ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.6.6
Metode yang digunakan ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.5
Ekstraksi Fitur .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6.6
Klasifikasi GLVQ ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB II .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1
Tinjauan Studi ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2
Aksara Bali ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3
Pengolahan Citra Digital ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4
Pengolahan Warna dalam Citra.............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.1
Citra RGB......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.2
Grayscale .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.3
Biner ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5
Thinning................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6
Segmentasi ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7
Pengenalan Pola ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.1
Direction Feature (DF) ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.2
Transition Feature (TF) .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.3
Modified Direction Feature (MDF) . Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8
Artificial Neural Network ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.9
Generalized Learning Vector Quantization ......... Error! Bookmark not
defined. BAB III................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1
Kebutuhan Fungsional ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1.1
Melakukan Preprocessing ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1.2
Melakukan Ekstraksi Fitur ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1.3
Melakukan Pengenalan .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2
Rancangan Data ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3
Rancangan Antar Muka Sistem ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4
Pengolahan Data .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.1
Pre-processing .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.2
Melakukan Ekstraksi Fitur ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.3
Pelatihan Data Training.................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.4
Pengenalan Aksara Bali.................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.5
Pengujian dan Evaluasi .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB IV .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1
Pengumpulan Dataset ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2
Implementasi Proses Pre-processing Citra .......... Error! Bookmark not
defined. 4.3
Implementasi Proses Ekstraksi Fitur ..... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4
Implementasi Training GLVQ pada Data Training Aksara Bali ... Error!
Bookmark not defined. 4.5
Implementasi Testing GLVQ pada Data Training Aksara Bali...... Error!
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Implementasi Pengenalan Aksara Bali .. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.6
Tampilan Antarmuka Sistem ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.7
Hasil dan Pengujian Sistem ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.7.1
Analisis Learning Rate GLVQ ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.7.3
Pengujian Sistem Pengenalan Karakter Aksara Bali ................ Error!
Bookmark not defined. 4.7.4
Analisis Faktor Kesalahan Lain ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB V.................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.1
Kesimpulan ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2
Saran ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. LAMPIRAN ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2. 1 Daftar Aksara Suara .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 2. 2 Daftar Aksara Wianjana ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 2. 3 Daftar Angka dalam Aksara Bali .......... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 2. 4 Daftar Pengangge Suara ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 2. 5 Ketetanggaan Piksel .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 2. 6 Matriks Ketetanggaan ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4. 1 Penggalan Kode Grayscalling ............... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4. 2 Penggalan Kode Binerisasi ................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4. 3 Penggalan Kode Pemanggilan Fungsi Thinning . Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4. 4 Penggalan Kode Testing GLVQ ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.
DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1. 1 Flowchart Sistem Pengenalan Tulisan Aksara Bali .................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2. 1 Pelabelan Arah Piksel........................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 1 Rancangan Tampilan Form Pengenalan Aksara Bali ................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 2 Rancangan Form Training dan Testing ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 3 Flowchart Preprocessing ................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 4 Flowchart Grayscalling ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 5 Flowchart Binerisasi ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 6 Proses Thinning ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 7 Flowchart Thinning........................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 8 Flowchart Segmentasi ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 9 Flowchart Ekstraksi Fitur.................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 10 Jaringan GLVQ ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 11 Flowchart Pelatihan GLVQ ............ Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3. 12 Flowchart Pengujian GLVQ ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 1 Contoh Data Hasil Scan .................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 2 Pola Bentuk Karakter Aksara Bali .... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 3 Tampilan Utama Sistem .................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 4 Tampilan Menu File .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 6 Tampilan Proses Training GLVQ ..... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 7 Tampilan Proses Testing GLVQ ....... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 8 Grafik Akurasi Data Scan Untuk Rasio Penurunan 0.01 .......... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4. 9 Grafik Akurasi untuk rasio penurunan 0.05 .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1. Hasil Pengujian 2. Penggalan Source Code
