PEMBUATAN APLIKASI KOMPRESI FILE WAVE DENGAN METODE HUFFMAN
Oleh : Erwin Ganda Saputra 41508120123
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA JAKARTA 201
PEMBUATAN APLIKASI KOMPRESI FILE WAVE DENGAN METODE HUFFMAN Laporan Tugas Akhir Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Komputer
Oleh : Erwin Ganda Saputra 41508120123
FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA JAKARTA 2011
JURNAL PEMBUATAN APLIKASI KOMPRESI FILE WAVE DENGAN METODE HUFFMAN
Oleh : Erwin Ganda Saputra 41508120123
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA JAKARTA 2011
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
Yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini : Nama
: Erwin Ganda Saputra
NIM
: 41208120123
Fakultas
: Ilmu Komputer
Jurusan
: Teknik Informatika
Judul Skripsi
: Pembuatan Aplikasi Kompresi File Wave dengan Metode Huffman
Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang saya buat adalah benar-benar hasil karya sendiri dan benar keasliannya. Apabila ternyata dikemudian hari penulisan skripsi ini merupakan hasil plagiat atau penjiplakan terhadap karya orang lain, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi berdasarkan aturan tata tertib yang berlaku di Universitas Mercu Buana
Demikian surat, pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya dan tidak dipaksakan
Jakarta,
Juni 2011
Penulis
Erwin Ganda Saputra,
i
KATA PENGANTAR
Syukur Alhamdulillah penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT. yang telah memberikan kekuatan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulis menyadari bawah skripsi
ini tidak akan dapat selesai tanpa
bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada:
1. Bapak Tri Daryanto S.Kom, M.T, sebagai Dosen Pembimbing , yang telah membantu dan mengarahkan penulis dalam menyusun skripsi ini;
2. Ibu Devi Fitrianah, S.Kom, MTI, Selaku Ketua Program Studi Ilmu Komputer Jurusan Teknik Informatika
3. Seluruh Dosen dan Staf Tata Usaha yang telah banyak memberikan dedikasi kepada penulis serta berbagai ilmu, pengalaman dan semangat.
4. Ayahanda (Alm) dan Ibunda tercinta yang telah membesarkan dan mendidik penulis dengan kasih sayang dan kesabarannya yang senantiasa mendampingi penulis dalam mengarungi hidup selama ini.
5. Istriku tersayang, Sari Retnowati yang selalu memberikan support kepada penulis.
6. dan pihak lain yang tidak bias disebutkan satu persatu yang telah berkontribusi dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. Akhir kata, penulis berh arap agar skripsi
ini memberikan manfaat
bagi penulis sendiri dan bagi pembaca pada umumnya. Jakarta,
Juni 2011
Penulis
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI
Nama
: Erwin Ganda Saputra
NIM
: 41508120123
Program Studi
: Teknik Informatika
Judul Skripsi
: Pembuatan Aplikasi Kompresi File Wave Dengan Metode Huffman
SKRIPSI INI TELAH DIPERIKSA DAN DISETUJUI JAKARTA, 24 JUNI 2011
Pembimbing
( Tri Daryanto S.Kom, M.T )
Kordinator Tugas Akhir
Ketua Jurusan
( Ida Nurhaida, ST, MT )
( Devi Fitrianah, S.Kom, MTI )
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN....................................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN....................................................................
ii
ABSTRAKSI ..........................................................................................
iii
KATA PENGANTAR............................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR..............................................................................
xi
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................
1
1.1..........................................................................................Latar Belakang ..............................................................................
1
1.2..........................................................................................Perumus an Masalah ............................................................................
2
1.3..........................................................................................Tujuan Penelitian...............................................................................
2
1.4..........................................................................................Pembata san Masalah .........................................................................
2
1.5..........................................................................................Metode Penelitian ..............................................................................
3
1.6..........................................................................................Sistemat ika Penulisan .........................................................................
3
BAB II. LANDASAN TEORI................................................................
4
2.1. .......................................................................................Pengerti
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an Audio Digital.................................................................
4
2.2. .......................................................................................Kelebih an Audio Digital.................................................................
7
2.3. .......................................................................................Istilah Dalam Audio Digital ..........................................................
7
2.3.1...............................................................................Channel (Jumlah Kanal).........................................................
8
2.3.2...............................................................................Samplin g Rate (Laju Pencuplikan)........................................
8
2.3.3...............................................................................Bandwi dth ...........................................................................
9
2.3.4...............................................................................Bit Per Sample (Banyaknya Bit Dalam Satu Sampel)...........
10
2.3.5...............................................................................Bit Rate (Laju Bit ) ................................................................
10
2.3.6...............................................................................Data Audio.......................................................................
12
2.4.......................................................................................... Struktur File Wave..................................................................
13
2.4.1...............................................................................Format Wave PCM ..............................................................
14
2.5.......................................................................................... Hubungan Multimedia dengan Aplikasi Windows .................. 2.6..........................................................................................
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17
Pengertian Windows API........................................................
19
2.7.......................................................................................... Pengertian DLL (Dynamic Link Library) ................................
19
2.8.......................................................................................... Binary Tree.............................................................................
21
2.10 ........................................................................................ Kompresi Data.......................................................................
25
2.10.1. Teori Kompresi Data...............................................
25
2.10.2. Pemodelan Sumber (Source Modeling)....................
27
2.10.3. Entropi Rate dari Suatu Sumber............................... .
30
2.10.4. Dalil Shannon Mengenai Lossless Source Coding.
32
2.10.5. Vector Quantization (VQ)..........................................
36
2.10.6. Perbedaan antara Lossless & Lossy Compression…
39
2.10.7. Perbedaan Antara Compression Rate dan Compression Ratio.............................................
39
2.10.8. Perbedaan Antara Teori Kompresi Data dan Pengkodean Teori Sumber............................................................ .
40
2.10.9. Pengertian Stationary...............................................
40
2.10.10.Pengertian Ergodic....................................................
41
2.10.11.Algoritma Blahut Untuk Mengkalkulasi RateDistortion Function..................................................
42
2.10.12.Jenis-Jenis Algoritma Kompresi Data.....................
42
2.10.13.Algoritma Kompresi Huffman................................
42
BAB III ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN .......................................
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48
3.1.......................................................................................... Analsis Sistem.............................................................................................
48
3.1.1.................................................................................. Analisa Masalah .............................................................................
48
3.1.2..................................................................................Analisa dan Kebutuhan Fungsional..........................................
49
3.1.2.1. Actor Identification.........................................
49
3.1.3..................................................................................Analisis dan Kebutuhan non-fungsional....................................
49
3.1.3.1.Analisis dan Kebutuhan Pengguna (user)..........
49
3.1.3.2. Analisis dan Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras.........
49
3.1.3.3. Analisis dan Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak........
50
3.2.......................................................................................... Use Case Diagram.................................................................................
50
3.3.......................................................................................... Sequenc e Diagram.......................................................................................
52
3.3.1.................................................................................. Sequenc e Diagram compress ..........................................................
52
3.3.2.................................................................................. Sequenc e Diagram decompress ......................................................
54
3.3.3.................................................................................. Sequenc e Diagram koneksi.............................................................
55
3.3.4.................................................................................. Sequenc e Diagram Download ........................................................
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56
3.3.5.................................................................................. Sequenc e Diagram upload .............................................................
57
3.4. .............................................................................................. Class Diagram................................................................................................
58
3.5. .............................................................................................. Activity Diagram................................................................................................
59
3.5.1. ......................................................................................Activity Diagram Proses encoding algoritma kompresi PPM .................................................................................
60
3.5.2. ......................................................................................Activity Diagram Proses decoding algoritma kompresi PPM ................................................................................
61
3.6. ..............................................................................................Peranca ngan Sistem..................................................................................
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3.6.1. ......................................................................................Tujuan Perancangan Sistem .........................................................
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3.6.2. ......................................................................................Peranca ngan Antar Muka .............................................................
62
3.6.3. ......................................................................................Antar Muka Menu Compress......................................................
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3.6.4. ......................................................................................Antar Muka Menu Decompress ..................................................
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3.6.5. ......................................................................................Antar Muka Menu Upload ..........................................................
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3.6.6. ......................................................................................Antar Muka Menu Download .....................................................
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BAB IV. IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN ..................................
71
4.1. Implementasi Program ......................................................
71
4.2. Implementasi Sistem .........................................................
71
4.2.1. Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras dan Perangkat Lunak .
71
4.2.2. Cara Instalasi .........................................................
72
4.2.3. Cara Penggunaan Program .....................................
72
4.3. Skenario Pengujian ...........................................................
81
4.4. Pengujian Program............................................................
82
BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.................................................
94
5.1 Kesimpulan.......................................................................
94
5.2 Saran.................................................................................
95
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................
96
LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................
97
DAFTAR TABEL
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Tabel 2.1 Frekuensi Sampling dan Kualitas Suara yang Dihasilkan.......
9
Tabel 2.2
Tabel Penyimpanan Berbagai Konfigurasi Audio Digital.......
11
Tabel 2.3
Penjelasan Struktur File Wave..............................................
15
Tabel 2.4 Deskripsi File-File DLL ........................................................
10
Tabel 3.1 Tabel spesifikasi perangkat keras..............................................
50
Tabel 3.2. Keterangan tampilan menu compress.......................................
64
Tabel 3.3. Keterangan tampilan menu Decompress ..................................
66
Tabel 3.4. Keterangan tampilan menu Upload..........................................
68
Tabel 3.5. Keterangan tampilan menu download ......................................
70
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Hasil Pengujian Proses Kompresi ..................................
81
Tabel 4.2 Pengujian Pada File Sama .......................................................
93
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pengujian pada File yang Sama ......................................
93
DAFTAR GAMBAR
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Gambar 2.1 Konversi Sinyal Analog ke Digital......................................
6
Gambar 2.2 Konversi Sinyal Digital ke Analog......................................
6
Gambar 2.3 Diagram Format File Wave.................................................
15
Gambar 2.4 Interpretasi Tiap Byte pada File Wave ................................
17
Gambar 2.5 Lapisan-Lapisan Multimedia dengan Windows...................
18
Gambar 2.6 Contoh Binary Tree ............................................................
21
Gambar 2.7 Contoh Completely Binary Tree .........................................
22
Gambar 2.8
Contoh Perfect Binary Tree................................................
23
Gambar 2.9
Penyimpanan Pohon Biner Dengan Array ..........................
24
Gambar 2.10 Claude E. Shannon............................................................
25
Gambar 2.11 VQ 1-Dimensi ..................................................................
25
Gambar 2.14 VQ 2-Dimensi ..................................................................
37
Gambar 3.1 Use case diagram aplikasi kompresi dan transfer data ...........
51
Gambar 3.2 Sequence diagram compress .................................................
53
Gambar 3.3 Sequence diagram decompress..............................................
54
Gambar 3.4 Sequence diagram koneksi....................................................
55
Gambar 3.5 Sequence diagram download.................................................
56
Gambar 3.6. Sequence diagram upload ....................................................
57
Gambar 3.7 Class Diagram ......................................................................
58
Gambar 3.9. Activity diagram proses encoding algoritma kompresi PPM.
60
Gambar 3.10. Activity diagram proses decoding algoritma kompresi PPM ........................................................................................................
61
Gambar 3.11. Rancangan antar muka menu Compress .............................
63
Gambar 3.12. Rancangan antar muka menu Decompress .........................
65
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Gambar 3.13. Rancangan antar muka menu Upload .................................
67
Gambar 3.14. Rancangan antar muka menu download .............................
69
Gambar 4.1 Tampilan Utama ..................................................................
73
Gambar 4.2 Tampilan Memilih File Wave Tunggal Melalui Kotak Dialog.................................................................................
74
Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Memilih File Wave Melalui Folder ......................
74
Gambar 4.4 List File Wave Dalam Program..........................................
76
Gambar 4.5 Tampilan Browse Folder Output ..........................................
77
Gambar 4.6 Tampilan Proses Kompresi ..................................................
79
Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Form Frekuensi ....................................................
80
Gambar 4.9 Hasil Pengujian pada File yang Sama...................................
136
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