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,_--_FINAL
REPORT
Community/Awareness on Hazards on Health Risk of Mercury and Cyanide and Improved-Technigues for Gold Recovery
SUBMITTED TO UNIDO by: LESTARI FOUNDATION JI. Babe Palar no 25 Manado 95117
Phone: +62-0431 842610
Fax: +62- 0431 842690
2
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. B. C. D.
Objectives Accomplishment Lesson Learned Recommendation
CHAPTER II. PREFACE CHAPTER Ill. AREA PROGRAM CHAPTER IV. PROGRAM ACTIVITIES A. Multimedia Media Machine ( M3) 1. Fact Sheet 2. Journalist Trip 3. Media Gathering 4. Radio Talkshow 5. TV Program 5.1.1. TV Talkshow 5.1.2. Mini Documentary Movie 6. Lestari Bulletin 7. Recapitulation of Main Result of Multi Media Machine ( M3) B. Mining Communication Network and Shared Learning 1. Trained Group 2. Promotion of Low Mercury Gold Processing Technology 3. Regular Meeting with All Parties 4. Technical Training and Human Resources Power 5. Development of Champaign Material for Health C. Developing Material and Equipment Supply and Access 1. Identification of Local Supplier D. Developing Village Level Awareness 1. Meeting with Trained Group 2. Local Newsletter E. Fish Sampling
1. 2. 3. 4.
Background Fish collecting method Locations Analysis Result
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CHAPTER V. PERSONAL STORY AND IMPACT CHAPTER VI. CONSTRAINTS CHAPTER VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS CHAPTER VIII . ATT ACHMENTS
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"If I use mercury in processing the gold, surely I won't let my children play by the 'trommel'. But since I don't, I just let them. " (A gold miner at Cendana block)
CHAPTER I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A final report on the Community Awareness on Hazards on Health Risk of Mercury and Cyanide and Improved
Techniques
for Gold Recovery
in North Sulawesi Indonesia, by Lestari
Foundation cooperated with UNIDO. The 8 month program began in June 2006 and concluded in April 2007, at Tanoyan village, Sub-district of Lolayan, District of Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
The main goal is to arouse the awareness of health risks associated with exposure to mercury and cyanide by providing
access to information and technology for better gold recovery and in general and
reducing mercury contamination and or loss to to North Sulawesi communities particularly the miners.
The specific purpose is the creation of necessary conditions that enable miners and stakeholders to improve the local community quality of life through increasing miners' income, reducing mercury exposure and reducing local collateral and environment contamination
in North
Sulawesi.
A. Objectives 1. Media coverage on hazards and health risk of mercury and cyanide issues increases, and is more fact -based, gender-aware, and balanced between perspectives and opinions. 2. Increase
in partner's
capacity
(local government,
health care facilities,
and mining
communities) to become more visible, articulate and capable to enhance public awareness and participation
in supporting adaptation to a more efficient (mercury free) cyanide
technology. 3. Increase knowledge and awareness of hazards and health risk of mercury and cyanide on human and environment by the general public.
4. Increased miners' income as a result of improved mining and gold extraction.'
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In order to accomplish the above mentioned result, the main activities conducted in this project were: 1. Developing
awareness
"Multimedia
Machine
campalgn
programs
(M3)" approach
and material (i.e. implementation
of the
in North Sulawesi) that' covers health issues
associated with mercury and cyanide. 2. Building and developing mining communication network and shared learning. 3. Developing supply and access to appropriate materials and equipment to Improve gold recovery and reduced mercury contamination. 4. Develop a portfolio of village-level awareness and education programs of Talawaan- Tatelu and Lanud that discuss important practices to improve gold recovery and reduce mercury usage and/or loss.
B. Accomplishment In carrying out the program, Lestari has run a number of technical and non technical activities. This achievement
is something to contemplate upon in making decisions in the future for
programs of decreasing the use of mercury. Accomplishment in the field level, sub-district level and even provincial level in short are: •
Improvements on the capacity of the Lestari staff, Government's Institutions, (Technicians from Mining and Energy Bureau) and local communities (Local technician at Tanoyan) for future sustainable programs.
•
Through M3 method Lestari has practiced the innovative approach in the information, communication
and education in using strategic program awareness of the hazard of the
mercurial use and decreasing the use of mercury in mining. Reaching out and educating approach had been successful •
The formation of trained groups.
Priority had been given to 8 entrepreneurs.
Even though
out of 8 groups did not participate actively because the location is not representative enough to install the Sluice Box. •
Although
gold extraction technology
usmg Sluice box instead of mercury has been
introduced and practiced repeatedly in front of the miners and nine entrepreneurs at Tanoyan, yet this method has not been adopted by miners. Retort had also been introduced.
Yet it is
interesting to know that entrepreneurs at Bubongayon who are mostly Tanoyan Villagers had
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6
adopted the technology. Their number has increased too. One of the miners said Sluice box method was introduced to him at UNIDO workshop in February 2006, at Kotarnobagu. Jokingly a miner said that they will borrow Lestari's carpet for a try-out at their location. The communities are more convinced now.
C. Lesson learned After having implemented a number of activiti.es Lestari has noted down lessons learned as follows: e
Policy support. Without policy support the effort of reducing the use of mercury in gold processing will be hard to do.
Adequate financial support in the APBD-Anggaran Pembiayaan dan Belanja
Daerah (Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget)
turns to be very important so that the
related bureau like Mining and Energy Bureau, Industrial Bureau and Health could play their role at the maximum. e
Survey and monitoring the use of mercury. There is no uniform data on how much mercury distributed or being used in the public mining whereas these data is very important in order to set the activity plan or intervention to discourage or to eradicate the use of mercury in public mining.
e
Technical skills. One of the important elements in changing the attitude of using mercury is the new skill in implementing the model or technology of gold processing that will lessen or even eradicate the use of mercury in gold processing. This knowledge and skill will be the main asset in changing the pattern or custom of using mercury in gold process.
e
Cyanide, Sluice Box, retort social marketing The alternative
to lessen or eradicate mercurial use
In
gold process has to be done
continuously by the miners' community. In conducting the 'social marketing' or the gold processing model with less or mercury free it is necessary to inform them about the analysis of economic level of the model or the alternative compared to the use of pure mercury. Without the 'economic benefit' offer it is hard for the miner to replace the gold process using mercury that has been mastered and practice for a long time.
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Human resources empowerment. The increase of the capacity of program administrator, local communities was the main activity target in order to increase sustainable independency in the future.
•
Planning and coordination Individual or a prominent person in the community or target group, local government and community based organizations should be involved as 'collaborative partners' from the early planning of the program to ease the program field execution of the program.
•
Partnership and collaboration Understanding
and clear picture of the mechanism of collaboration, expected roles and
responsibility of the collaborative partners are very important and should be formulated from the beginning to enable to organize a clear, precise working table that will support the success of the program and the harmony among parties involved.
D. Recommendation The eight months program implementation
has provided valuable lessons to Lestari, Local
Government, and the community in Tanoyan Village, sub-district of Lolayan. The following recommendations could be the milestones for the same program in the future: •
Local initiative should be the base of correct response and the sustainable effort to minimize the use of mercury in the public mining. The empowerment of local N GO will rectify the effectiveness of the program, to increase the opportunity to build collaboration with the government and donor foundations and to brillg the human resources to be effective.
•
The program of reducing the mercury usage in mines in future should empowers the organizational or institutional capacity based on the community or target community that they will able to develop initiative and execute the program by themselves
and by
collaborating with the N GO and local government. •
Important role of the legislative in the future will proactively able to develop and to set policies that will promote the strategy of reducing the mercury step by step and to support researches in order to find and to develop environment friendly gold processing technology.
•
The foundation
for partnership and collaboration between the NGO and .Government
Institution should be built by collaboration between them. Yet the ability to work as a team has to be reinforced by communication
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intensive dialogues and discussion.
Therefore it is important to develop the mechanism of
improving the correlate partnership between the NGO and the Government Institution. •
At the moment the use of mercury is still dominant to evaluate the gold content of the quarry dug by the miners. Therefore the KUD as the small scale mining controller should in the future be pushed to increase the ability and to develop the laboratory in order to render service in evaluating the cold content without using mercury (metallurgy).
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CHAPTER II. PREFACE
Indonesia a rich country in mineral quarries and one of those is gold. Traditional gold mining is an old tradition carried out by the people in many parts of Indonesia. At the moment there are more than 500.000 people involved in traditional gold mining activities. In the last few years gold mining has been in the main discourse, discussion and arbitrary related with the legal issues, environment pollution, area conversion, decrease of water absorption, compensation and conflict between the mining companies and the small scale mining.
The small scale mining is considered to be imparting negative impacts due to the usage of mercury and the furnace in gold extraction. This is due to the lack of awareness of the hazard of mercurial pollution, the knowledge and skills, and their readiness to adopt the technology are still very low
North Sulawesi is well-known as a place where public mining are plenty. In 2006 Surya Madani NGG estimated there were more than 10.000 people involved in the gold mining activities. Gold mining area in North Sulawesi are distributed evenly, almqst covered the whole region. mode used is pit mining.
It could be 100 meter depth dug with simple equipments.
contained stones are called 'primary deposit',
The
The gold
which is different to the deposit found in
Kalimantan or Borneo which is 'alluvial deposit', to which the miners has to work hard as if putting their life into it.
The totaI number people involved in mining activities is enormous mercury in their gold processing. Hence the risk of mercurial
and most are still using
contamination is high. Therefore
the condition at North Sulawesi is not safe. According to North Sulawesi Regional Environment Control Agency (Bapedalda: Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Hidup Daerah) the mercurial contamination
has poisoned a number of seawater territory and rivers in North
Sulawesi since 1990 (Kompas Daily, December 2nd, 2004). This is in line with data from IMA (Indonesia Mining 7 Association).
North Sulawesi BAPEDALDA, (Regional Environment
Control Agency) said that the contamination is from the tailing of small scale mining in various places that mostly located close to the rivers. It is estimated that 40% of the mercury used by the
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gold miners are disposed into the rivers, flowed into the sea when the trommels are washed and during the amalgam purification process.
For instance, one trommel needs I doze of mercury for one run which is about 2-4 hours. Out of this process at least 10 grams turned to waste. One unit usually has about 10 trommels. If there are ISO units of trommels operating the total trommels will be about 1500 trommels.
If one
trommel disposes 10 grams of mercury, then there will IS thousand grams of mercury or 15 kg mercury waste thrown in one run. Sometimes a trommel is run twice a day and if it so, the total of mercury thrown is 30 kg per day.
Bolaang Mongondow District, a region of North Sulawesi that has many legal or illegal small scale mining. In this district a gold mine run by PT Avocet with a work contract, 3 small scale minings at Lanud (Nomontang Village Credit Union), Tanoyan (Perintis Village Credit Union), Monsi (Lancar Rejeki Village Credit Union) and 4 other public mining areas, Mintuk, Monsi, Lanud and Tobongon.
The illegal minings are spread in various places. One of the biggest is at
the Bogani Nani Wartabone National Garden (Dumoga) where about 5000 people are involved.
Generally the miners use mercury in gold processing. Cyanide was introduced in the year 2000. This technology was pioneered by a Philippine company. The first installation of cyanide gold process was at Talawaan- Tatelu, NOith Minahasa District.
It is then adopted by Tanoyan
Villagers of Bolaang Mongondow and in 2005 more scale mining followed. Based on the report of PT. Perusahaan Perdagangan Indonesia, a company that is permitted to distribute the cyanide to Bolaang Mongondow Industrial and Trade Bureau, 50 tons of cyanide is delivered every other months. Yet data of the buyers has not been collected by the bureau. Cyanide I is also used by fishermen to catch fish. Surya Madani,
an active Bolaang Mongondow
NGO specialized in socio-economy
field
estimated that there are 500 units of trommels (one unit or cluster could consists of 4 to six trommels) at Tanoyan, 500 units, Lanud 500, Tobongon 750, and Dumoga 1850.
There are actually many more mining locations at Bolaang Mongondow district.
The total
mining using mercury is still uncertain due to the changes that come in times. But it is clear that
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the need and usage of mercury for gold processing is very high. If every trommel uses 0.8 to I kg of mercury, then the total mercury used is enormous.
Although the total mercury used is fantastic, the miners do not protect themselves from the hazard of exposures to mercury like keeping the amalgam purification away from public and have a good washing after work.
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m.
AREA PROGRAM
In the first place this project was planned to be executed
at
Lanud,
District
of
Bolaang
Mongondow and Talawaan Tatelu, at North
Minabasa District
But since Talawaan-Tatelu
is illegal mining area and the shortness of the program and the provided access, finally this program was executed at Tanoyan, Sub-district ofLolayan, District ofBolaang Mongondow.
Tanoyan village is located on the Southwest of Kotamobagu about 20 km away, the capital of Bolaang Mongondow and could be reached by public transportation. The mining here began in 1987 where most of the Tanoyan villagers were farmers then turned to be miners, Till now many of them still carry double profession. They will plant rice when planting season comes. While waiting for the harvest they would climb Tanoyan hills and work as ore diggers. The equipment used is very simply, crowbar, hammer, betel and wooden plank to keep the soil from sliding into the pit. But aetually mining activities started long before because in 1983 a number of Tanoyan villagers had been mining at Lanud, about 2 hours drive from Tanoyan.
At the moment the mines at Tanoyan are legal. They secured the legality permit from the Bolmong Mining and Energy Bureau through District Chief and they are set as small scale mining under the supervision of Koperasi Unit Desa Perintis (Village Credit Union).
The
locations that are included in these Koperasi Unit Desa (Village Credit Unions) are: •
Madopolak,
•
Talong
•
Rape
•
Jalur Tujuh
•
Cendana
•
Lingkobungon Atas (and Lingkobungon DaIam)
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13 Generally the miners at Tanoyan has the mine n their own property. But not all property owners are businessmen that has trommels or drums for gold processing. Some sell the ores to the trommol owners, or renting other people's trommels. PT Ikan Mas Abadi that has 3 installations of cyanide is renting their gold processing facilities.
The charge of one processing is Rp. 10
Million. Payment transaction is done after the gold is processed.
Tanoyan Villagers are actually familiar with cyanide gold processing technology since 2005. There are about 24 drums of cyanide and yet most of the people are still depending on mercury, At Tanoyan alone there are 500 trommels. If in one month each trommel processes 500 sacks of ores they will get more or less 1,5 ounce. If all the trommels are put into operation, there will be about 750 ounce or 7,5 kg of gold. The gold is sold to the gold shop in Kotamobagu. The price is about Rp. I 25-1 45/gram.
Not only the gold shops purchase the gold but sometimes they
provided capital like mercury, lime, sacks and even lending money. In this case the price of gold that will be collected by the miners is set by the gold shop who gave the capital.
The gold yield is not always the same every month, so how much gold could be collected from Tanoyan is hard to predict.
Even the Koperasi Unit Desa, (Village Credit Union) as the stake
holders could not give us a sure answer. The retribution yield from the mining is also variable. If a trommel owner operated for one full month the retribution would be Rp. 2 million, and 1,5 million will go to District Government, and 500 for the Koperasi Unit Desa, (Village Credit Union) Perintis as stakeholders.
If it does not the trommel owner has to report to Koperasi Unit
Desa Perintis, (Village Credit Union).
From the varied situation above, it is clear that the related institution is not attentive enough and did not give any training and control over the public mining. Therefore the tales of small scale mining are mostly covered with various problems like health and environment, whereas by legally determine the gold mine locations, it could be a vault where environment friendly mining policy could be reinforced, by making them to practicing low or no mercury technology in gold processing.
It will them lead the community to be able to stand on their own for their welfare.
Small Scale mining could be trained and practiced as sustainable livelihood and it contributes tremendous support to the local and regional economy.
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Based on these facts, the target group that has been appointed to be the main target for this activity are the Tanoyan Community, the miners, the businessmen and the community in general. The target of the project are government institutions, civilian organization includes NGOs, private sectors, the media and North Sulawesi communities in general. Outreach, discussion and demonstration, try-outs on the gold processing technology will be conducted for target group at Tanoyan.
In the meantime publication and media campaign will be conducted at Kotamobagu,
and Manado to enable this program to reach out to all communities in North Sulawesi.
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15 CHAPTER IV. PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
A. Multimedia Machine.
A narrowcasting campaign focusing on the target group with high risk of mercury contamination or community in general was prepared by Lestari. This campaign method is called M3 or Multi Media Machine. Through this method the community's knowledge about mercury problem, cyanide process and how to lessen health risk due to exposure to mercury will increase that the community, policy setters and related groups would participate in finding solution to the problem. This purpose ,
could be achieved by campaigning through various media in the community. The use of the media has been recognized by the community and that will help to increase the information addressed to received by the target groups and would have ample time to understand and remember. Multimedia, aside from cost effective, it provides
Production Process
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two-ways
communication
where information
Single Issue
exchanges is possible in a responsible interactive
Focus
communication discussing the issue of local community specifically on the use of mercury and its impact.
The campaign cycle starts with
project issue, fact sheet, radio program, TV program, Journalist Trip, Media gathering and
~ Multi-Media Impact
Newspaper insert or Koran Lestari.
By implementing this program hopefully there would be increased of media coverage on the environment problem related to the issue or the health impact of mercury and cyanide, and that coverage in turn will encourage the community, the media itself to be more attentive to the issue, and to encourage the government to respond, and to educated the media personnel to be attentive and to keep watch on the issue in the future.
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16 I. Fact Sheet. Fact sheet created twice entitled: I. "Health Issues at Bolaang Mongondow Gold mines", in September 2006 2. "Seeking Solution, Environment Friendly Gold Mines." In December 2006 100 sheets were printed for each fact -sheet. More than 20 were distributed to the reporters as preceding information and for reference for their questions in the journalist trip or media gathering to enable them to present well focused correctly directed questions toward the issue and as input to their news to be broadcasted.
Whereas for other participants, either the
government officials or NGO the fact-sheet gives preceding and important picture of the issue discussed.
2. Journalist Trip Journalist trip activity was conducted twice. First trip was on September 13-17, 2006 by visiting Tanoyan Village, at Lolayan sub-district, district of Bolaang Mongondow the chosen location for the campaign program that involves 8 journalists, 7 male and I female (see attachment). In this trip fhe reporters were exposed to a real gold processing in a small scale mine. The second trip was on December 15-16, 2006, by visiting Kotamobagu the capital city of Bolaang Mongondow district that involves 8 male journalist and I female.
(see attachment).
The activity was focused at the government instiLUtion,like Bapedalda (Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency).
This agency decided on fhe process and mechanism of securing
mining permit. Next the Trade and Industry Bureau fhat processes the trading of mercury and cyanide.
Discussions and interviews with Seryanto, Lestari' s technician who is also a staff of
Bolaang Mongondow Mining and Energy Bureau,
Drip Detu
(0
find out the development of
mining at Tanoyan. Journalist trip and media gathering conducted in September and December 2006 has generated four articles published in newspaper ( see atlachment)
3. Media Gathering Media gathering to intensify public awareness
W8S
organized in a round table discussion. In this
gathering all stakeholders and policy setters, journalist, community groups for a dialogue and clarification of facts found in the field. First media gafhering was in September 20, 2006 at
i----
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17 Lembah Bening Restaurant , Kotamobagu.
The gathering was attended by related government
institutions personnel, miners group, printed "nd electronic media personnel, and NGO of Bolaang Mongondow.
Topic of discussion was 'how to reduce the amount of mercury used in
small scale gold mine, and the effort of shifting to pure cyanide process. In the discussion it was clearly indicated that gold mine has the highest prospect to be the main livelihood that the small scale mining has spread so far as far as Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park that is rich in gold deposit. The second media gathering that took place in December was a visit to related government institutions like Mining and Energy, Trading and Industry, Bapedalda, (Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency) bureaus at BoJaang Mongondow. It was in this media gathering that the Head of Bolaang Mongondow Trading and Industrial Bureau asserted that he would accelerate the control of mercury and cyanide trading th~.t is included in the Poisonous and Hazardous Materials List. The trading and Industrial Bureau will also press PT PPI (the official distributor of poisonous and hazardous material include mercury and cyanide) to submit a monthly report on the amount of mercury and cyanide distributed at Bolaang Mongondow, while Bapedalda (Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency) will follow up Lestari's effort by socializing the information to the miners. From the two media gatherings we could conclude that the campaign could encourage the awareness and the effort of related bureaus to be more attentive to the hazardous impact of mercury.
4. Radio Talkshow Two editions Radiotalkshow
took place m September and December 2006.
The first was
broadcasted by Government Broadcasting Company of Kotamobagu (RSPD FM). The themes discussed were; o
Health at Small Scale Gold mmes at Bolaang Mongondow (Healthy Generation, Mercury Free).
o
Mercury and Health
o
Mercury and Small Scale Mining's.
The resource persons for this radiotalkshow was invited from Mining and Energy Bureau, Trading and Industry, District Government, BPLH (Living Environment Management Agency)
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18 and Bapedalda (Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency), Miners' community and NGO includes Lestari (see attachment). There was no direct response from the listeners. According to the Management of the Radio Company the issues discussed were complex that the listeners tend to react passively and just monitor the development of the discussion. The second Radiotalkshow held in Desember at Radio Montini FM in Manado, the capital city of North Sulawesi together with RSPD.Radio ofKotamobagu. o
Mercury and SmaIl Scale Mining
o
What lies behind scarcity of mercury
o
The process of securing small scale mining permit.
The themes discussed were:
The resource persons for this radio-talk -show were invited from Bolaang Mongondow's related government institutions, those are Mining and Energy, Health, Trading and Industry, Living Environment
Management Agency, Academicians,
Lestari ( see attachment).
Miners' community and NGOs includes
In this dialogue the explicit action of the local government is needed
to decide the borders in which mining area is permitted and which area is not permitted for mining operation.
It was also discovered that the small scale mining still uses mercury even
though the cyanide processing technology has be;:n introduced. The entire radio program "Suara Lestari (The voice of Lestari)" was broadcasted 4 times at Kotamobagu RSPD FM Radio and 3 times at Montini FM Radio in Manado.
Thetheme
discussed in the entire broadcasting affected the community and policy setters. A number of resource persons said that this is a new and hot issue in public that needs to be socialized continuously.
Yet there were problem in the documenting process that only 3 out of 4
radiotalkshow of RSPD Radio were documented, and only 1 out of three at Montini Fm Radio Manado. It was all due to technical equipment problem of the radio company.
5. TV Program a. (TV-Talk-shows Interactive) The first program, TV talk show interactive is called "Dego-Dego Lestari". It consists of three sections with one hour duration.
It covers brief preceding information of the issue to be
discussed for the listeners. Next is dialogue with the resource persons presented an,d last is the telephone interactive with the watchers.
The first edition of this program was broadcasted by
Totabuan TV of Kotamobagu in September 2006 with the topic: "Gold mines in Bolaang
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19 Mongondow, Valuable Assets that needs to be controlled". In this broadcasting resource persons from
related
institutions
(Mining
& Energy, Health, Trading and Industry,
Regional
Environmental Impact Control Agency, Miners' group, and NGOs (see attachment). There were 4 interactive callers focusing on the hazardous mercury content tailing management by the government and the process securing permit for a small scale mining that meets the health standard requirements.
The inquiries showed public apprehension against the hazard of mercury
and cyanide content tailings.
They want the government to distinctly handle this matter. The
officers of related institutions also expressed their intentions to uphold the policies specifically those that are related to the distribution of mercury and tailing management system.
Just as the radio program in December, the TV campaign held in Kotamobagu, Bolaang Mongondow was also broadcasted in Manado by Manado TV station. The theme was: "Seeking direction to environment friendly small scale gold mines". The resource persons present at Totabuan
TV station were also from the related government bureaus plus local Lestari
Technician, and Tanoyan Villagers.
There were two telephone calls from the listeners whose
inquiries were about the effort to lessen the hazard of mercury and cyanide, permit process and government's
action in handling the hazards of small scale mining, either legal or illegal and
government distinct action in handling poisonous and hazardous materials specifically mercury. Resource persons presented at Manado TV station were Staff from North Sulawesi Mining and Energy, Miners' group, and Lestari Public Health Officers (see attachment).
Four callers with
inquiries hardly any different to the callers of Totabuan TV show. Victor Malonda the deputy Head of Mining and Energy Bureau disclosed that so far there is no distinct restriction for mercury usage. The entire program is in line with the consultants' study and with the technical related institution like Bapedalda (Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency).
The desire to learn more about the sluice box and the retort in the effort of reducing mercury usage in the small scale gold mines was expressed by government officers, who attended the dialogue, This broadcasting attracted TV watchers' attention. calls responding to the program.
There were a number of inter~ctive phone
Not only the TV watchers were involved in the dialogue, or
simply asking questions but they were giving suggestions as well. They were critical about the
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20 government's
policy related to the mining and the distribution of poisonous and hazardous
materials, which is mercury and cyanide.
b. Mini Documentary
Movie
The second product of the TV program was a mini documentary move called "Jendela Lestari", It contains a comprehensive coverage with 15 minutes duration, a little
(Lestari's window).
longer than the one broadcasted in September at Totabuan TV station, Kotamobagu, Bolaang Mongondow.
It discloses health problem at Bolaang Mongondow gold mines with the titles\:
"Healthy Generation, Mercury Free".
The December Mini Documentary broadcasted by
Manado TV station, the title was "What is behind the scarcity of Mercury?"
It pictures that no
matter how high the price and how scarce it is, mercury is always present at the small scale mining.
6. Lestari Bulletin, (Inserted in Manado Post Daily) Koran Lestari is a bulletin inserted in Manado Post Daily, the biggest daily newspaper company in North Sulawesi Province. The newspaper's daily print-out is about 32,000 copies. With 8 readers per copy, it is estimated that our campaign reaches 245,000 readers, or 12% of North Sulawesi population.
The most
recent survey by AC Nielsen stated that 80% out of 100% of newspaper readers in North Sulawesi Province read Manado Post.
The issuance of the last 'Lestari Bulletin' was a
conclusion of our monthly campaign that consists of Journalist trips, Media gathering, Radio and TV programs and a review of the entire activities. Lestari Bulletin is a vessel in which all the stakeholders could convey information to the public in a fair and balance proportion, it also gives the miners a place to express their opinions through 'The Villagers'
nd
(Orang Kampung) column. The first edition was issued in October 2
with the headline: "The rust behind the glitter of Bolaang Mongondow Gold".
,
2006
This edition
contains three articles: 1. "Standardization Pharmaceutical
of Mining Toxicology
is a must".
By Ir. James Paulus MSc.
Head of
Laboratory of Marine Science School, Universi!y of Sam
Ratulangi, Manado.
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21
2. "Gold, its charms
and how to get it", by Imelda Hutabarat from Mineral Technology
Training Center, Department of Energy and Mineral Resources. 3. "Don't
play-down
with Mercury
and Cyanide".
By Okta Lintong, Seawater Pollution
Observer. Along with the articles, a profile ofMr. Muhammad Iqbal Delapanga, a trommel and two drums owner at Tanoyan, was also presented there with the title "More Devoted to Cyanide". Mr. Muhammad Iqbal Delapanga has been practicing hard in the last two years on how to use Cyanide in order to be more effective in capturing gold. Aside from that he is also active in helping a number of entrepreneurs in developing this cyanide process. The 'Jelajah'
(explore) column presents the facts about potentials, mining locations, and the
immense threat or fantastic total of pollution risk due to mercury. Still at the same column you'll find a comparison of poisonous power of cyanide to mercury that we received from Rini Sulaiman ofUNIDO.
In the second edition dated December 28, 2006, the headline was: "Mining and Pollution, Leading mercury to zero point".
It presents the steps and inclination of the community in the
process of reducing mercury by shifting to cyanide technology process and its problems, and the other alternative which is a simpler technology, practical, and cheap, the sluice box and retort. There were three articles generated by three contributors in this edition, they are: I. "Give Complete Understanding
on Cyanide Technology" by Drs. Herlin Tangkuman,
a
lecturer at Mathematics and Natural Science School, of Sam Ratulangi University. 2. "Shifted to Cyanide Process but Why Mercurial Pollution Still Exist? By Rini Sulaiman from UNIDO. 3. "Mining, Between Political and Pragmatic
Option" by Frans E. Kurniawan, from Montini
Radio Research and Training section. Along with the articles, a profile of Mr. Suharto Mokobombang, a trommel owner from Tanoyan, who is convinced that the sluice box and retort is environment friendly and could capture gold without using lots of mercury. He has worked hard and had several try-outs with the sluice box and retort. In the 'Jelajah'
(explore) column the sluice box and retort process and It presents also the economical comparison between the
the cyanide are presented in pictures.
use of cyanide and mercury and the economical difference in using sluice box.
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22
Lestari Bulletin is sent to all Lestari's partners like local and international NGO, govenunent institutions, private sectors in many parts of Indonesia. Total exemplar reaches 250 per month or per edition.
7. Recapitulation of the main result of Multi Media Machine (M3). The entire activities in this campaign has actively involving at least 19 journalists from: 0
Tribun Sulut Daily Newspaper
0
Komentar Manado Daily Newspaper
0
Swara Kita Daily Newspaper
0
Metro Manado Daily Newspaper
0
Smart FM Radio, Manado
0
Cosmo Female Radio, Manado
0
Montini FM Radio, Manado
0
Pacific TV, Manado.
0
5 Dimensi TV, Tomohon.
Media involved as partner in publication are: o
Local Government FM Radio of Kotamobagu
o
Totabuan TV, Kotamobagu
o
Montini FM Radio, Manado
o
Government TV station at Manado-Gorontalo.
Recapitulation of the media campaign products in September and December 2006 200 50.500 exemplars
Distributed Factsheet Newspaper Insert (Lestari Bulletin) Issue Follow UP by journalists Radio Broadcasting Radio Participation
4 7 17
Resource Persons Interactive callers
3
TV talk show interactives
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TV Participation
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Mini documentary Media Gathering participants
39
B. Mining Communication Network and Shared Learning Mining activities involved many parties and interest.
Therefore involving various parties to
develop an environment friendly mining business is very important. The effort to build up communication and shared learning has become the key element in this program in general that the entire program has been carried out well.
1. Trained group. The purpose of organizing the trained group is that this group could be the motor in implementing the technologies that is about to be introduced. technology.
One of those is the Sluice Box
The trained group consists of 8 chosen entrepreneurs based on their desire
expressed during the early socialization, even though in the end not everyone in the trained group meets the requirements to be in the trained group. The eight businessmen were Zainal Ansik (Talong), Rano (Talong), Iqbal Delapanga (Lingobungon), Muhammad Anwar (Lingkobungon), Jamal Mokobombang
(Talong),
Suharto Mokobombang
(Talong), Arsyad Mokobombang
(Talong) and Dahlan Manggo (Rappe). These businessmen provided the ore or 'block' for the try-out. Three kinds of ores were focused at the try-out; those are from Talong, LingkobWlgon and Rappe.
2. Promotion oflow mercury gold processing technology. The promotion of gold processing technology with low or mercury free was conducted directly and indirectly.
Direct demonstration were attended by commoners and related govermnent
officials, while indirect demonstration was carried out through media publication, interactive talk-show, broadcasted news, posters, brochures and leaflets. Try-outs and demonstration of sluice box and retort were conducted from September 2006 to early February 2007.
Try-outs were conducted in front of mine owners and 'miners and
commoners in generaL The result of a set of intensive try-outs from December 2006 to early February 2007 is as follows: (Please see attachment, a study reported by Seriyanto)
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24
•
The optimum time consumed for a trommel process is 2 hours.
8
The best carpet used is the nomad carpet.
8
The best slanting position is 10 to 15 degrees
8
The dimension of the sluice box affects the yield of the gold, the longer the sluice box, the more gold could be captured.
•
The flow of water or sludge entering the sluice box has great effect on the gold captured. The faster the flow the less gold could be captured.
3. Regular meeting with all parties. Two conferences were held.
First was held at Bapedalda (Regional Environmental impact
Control Agency) hall on September 12, 2006. The second conference was held at the Village hall. The first conference was attended by about 50 persons, 35 males and 12 females that represent the government Health,
institutions, (Environmental
Trading
and Industry
Bureaus)
impact Control Agency, Mining and Energy,
prominent
figures of the communities,
miners,
entrepreneurs, Credit Union, NGOs, Local media, housewives from various parts of Bolaang Mongondow.
The questions asked were mostly due to the curiosity about the mercury and
cyanide process that is said to be hazardous, and wanting to know if there is any available technology that could be a solution to the problem that is affordable and profitable for the millers. The second meeting was held on October 14, 2006, with a presentation to the Bolaang Mongondow
Government
Officials (District secretary, the Second Assistant, Head of the
economical section, a staff of the Mining and Energy bureau, a staff of Trading and Industry bureau, and a staff from the Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency (Bapedalda). Follow-ups of these meetings were also conducted through out the campaign by visiting the Head ofthe related institutions for an in-depth discussion on their role in this issue. Aside from meeting with the multi-stakeholders and the government officials, two meetings on the village level were held at the village hall. The first was on September 28, 2006, and was attended by about 30 personnel. meeting the Sluice Box and retort was introduced by Randy Baker
It. was in this
(UNIDO Ecosystem
Consultant specialized in Mercury). The Sluice box and retort demonstration was curiously and
~
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25 enthusiastically attended and watched by the people of Tanoyan. It was precisely a good time to explain further the process of mercurial contamination to human, and to stress out the importance of using the sluice box and retort. in order to lessen the risk of mercurial pollution in the environment and the impact on the community.
March 6. 2007, a second meeting held at the village hall. Lestari was accompanied by Randy Baker, Rini Sulaiman, Budi Susilorini, UNIDO team, who alternately presented the effectiveness of sluice box and retort in reducing the mercurial pollution, the importance of reducing or eradicating the use of mercury in cyanide technology, and the safety of the miners. A set of questioner was distributed to the atten:lance.
The attendance was mostly ladies who
brought their children along. The other meetings were held at mining locations (about 14 meetings) where Lestari was accompanied
by UNIDO experts, Randy, Budi and Kevin.
housewives that attended these meetings.
The discussions interest many
The rest of the discussions were carried out by local
technicians, for either try-out of the Sluice Box and Retort during the break time of the miners. In order to be more effective the method of meetings was changed by focusing to small groups, because in the first meeting many were still confused about mercury and cyanide.
Some results ofthe meetings with the policy setters: Bolaang Mongondow Trading and Industry Bureau promised to do sudden check on the trading of mercury, and press on monthly sales report of PPI company, the official distributor of poisonous
and hazardous
material include mercury and cyanide. In the mean time the
Environment Impact Control Agency (Bapedalda) stated that they will intensely socializes the environment friendly gold processing, specifically to explicitly clarify the Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL).
The village level meetings had resulted in the following: o
The mining entrepreneur are willing to look for gold processing technique that could lessen the impact of mercury.
•
The mining entrepreneurs are willing to have a try-out of the sluice box and will do their best to find the benefit of using the sluice box .
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26
•
The mining entrepreneurs stated that they will continue to use the sluice box or the trough and will try the retort.
•
The miners understanding about the hazard of mercury and cyanide has increased.
•
A better and more economical technology in capturing more gold had been given as solution to problem issue.
Meetings to re-enforce the network had been continuously carried out even though not always similar to the plan. The network with local community, NGOs and Govemment Institutions has been built up and maintained even though a work team has not been organized so far, to be the foundation of the activities in the future.
4. Technical training and Human Resources Power. The training of local technician was not dont' and it was a concern for UNIDO that they recommended Seryanto, a staff of Bolaang Mongondow Mining and Energy Bureau to be one of the technician.
Seriyanto has participated in the Global Mercury Project Workshop organized by
UNIDO at Kotamobagu in February 2006. Due to bureaucracy, Seriyanto could.notjoin us until December 2006.
In the meantime Drip Detu from Tanoyan who had also attended UNIDO
workshop was trained to be technician. The presence of the local technicians are very helpful for a sustainable implementation of sluice box and retort, especially that Urip Detu, a local people and a member of the local credit union (KDD) who always participates in the Tanoyan community's activities. As for Seriyanto, in his capacity as a staff of the Bolaang Mongondow Mining and Energy Bureau, his experience could be benefited by many. The learning process came from Randy Baker of UNIDO who came in late September.
Randy introduced and
explained about the sluice box and retort, the process of making the sluice box, showed the sample, and how to use it, and explained the benefit of using the sluice box. Prior to the campaign in Bolaang Mongondow
Raymond, the campaign Coordinator and
Purnama Nainggolan, the Outreach Coordinator were sent to Pasaman District, West Sumatera for four days, from September 17 to 21 for a training and field visit to increase their knowledge about gold processing in small scale mining and to increase their understanding on the hazard of mercury and the alternative and simpler cyanide process using the trommel.
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27 5. Development of campaign material for health. There are three kinds of campaign material developed to support this program. Brochures: •
Recycling damaged mercury,
o
Prevention of mercurial contamination to your family,
•
Keeping our water resource from mercurial contamination
Paper brochures with the following messages: o
Why is it important for mothers and children to avoid mercurial vapor.
Plastic posters: •
Steps of making Sluice Box,
•
The benefit of Sluice box in reducing the use of mercury.
The cost of plastic poster is quite expensive.
Durable material were chosen so that is could last
longer when posted at the mines. The third is the leaflets. Two kinds of leaflets explained about the material, steps of making the sluice box and the purpose of the sluice box and retort. The posters, leaflets and brochures were distributed mainly at Tanoyan the main area of this activity. At the end of this campaign, all the posters had been distributed and posted at the villagers' houses, government's buildings, outposts, health centers, schools and other strategic places plus at the trommel locations. The message in the brochure could be seen clearly by the people who see it.
It was also distributed to the government institutions and NGOs at
Kotamobagu and mass media at Kotamobagu and Manado. Types Posters Plastic Poster Brochures 1
Messal!e Explains the importance of avoiding exposure to mercury vapors. The entire process of making the Sluice box and the trough, and the benefit of the Sluice Box Method of using quicksilver and recycled quicksilver, Quicksilver and family's health Keeping our clean water resource clean . Raw material, steps and purpose of using trough / the Sluice Box Raw material, steps and purpose of using retort
Total 500 100
100
.
Brochures 2 Brochures 3 Leaflets 1 Leaflet 2
100 100 500
Target Local Government Mass Media NGO Mining entrepreneurs Miners Farmers Housewives Educators Health personnsl Children
500
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28
C. Developing Material and Equipment
Supply and Access.
Many of the activities in this section were not carried out. By the introduction of low mercury gold process technology the miners began to understand that there is a more effective method that could capture more gold without mercury.
Even though no one has fully implemented the
Sluice box to capture the gold, but their interest to use the technology has been heard, just like what Suharto Mokobombang expressed: "The last few years the mercury has been hard to find. Even if you can get it, it will not be much. There should be new innovations so that even though it is hard, but we could scrimp.
Sluice box could be the solution."
(Profile Column,
Koran
Lestari December 28 edition, 2006).
1. Identification
oflocal supplier.
The material for sluice box for the campaign were obtained from a building material shop and was assembled by a welder in Manado and Kotamobagu, while the material and the assembling of the retort was done in a workshop in Manado.
D. Developing Village Level Awareness. 1. Meeting with the trained group. Meeting with the trained group at the mine location as an effort to socialize he program was done regularly, twice a week. Usually the main subject is to demonstrate the how and whys the sluice box and retort could capture gold that could lessen the use of mercury and at the same time lessen the environmental pollution. Aside from the demonstration a discussion about the effects of mercury against the health of the miners, family and community were carried out in every opportunity.
From September 2006, this equipment has been introduces and demonstrated, and
many try-outs had been done to the miners, and entrepreneurs. 34 try-outs were done during the campaign.
It was documented that at least
Seriyanto and Urip Detu had been intensively
focusing their study in order to find a model, assembling, turning time and other requirements in so that the Sluice box could render optimum result.
Sluice box demonstration had also been
done in the village the trained as a prcgram in family celebration to either the train,ed group or just anybody.
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29 In April 2007, leaflets and brochures to support the message had been distributed to the community of Tanoyan, in order to remind them the information related to the use of mercury, the risk and the choice to lessen the exposure to mercury. Posters have been posted in strategic places in early March 2007.
Mini documentary were that exposed the mining environment and its activities was broadcasted in "Dego-Dego Lestari" program by Totabuan TV station and Manado-Gorontalo TV station. It is expected that TV watchers have watched it. In general we could say that part of the community, in this case the entrepreneurs and the miners have begun to be aware of the importance of reducing the use or mercury in gold process. This is parallel to their statement that at the moment mercury is used to measure the degree or content of gold. Now the use of sluice box and retort is an alternative to contemplate upon.
2. Local Newsletter. This activity was not carried out because this program was not conducted at Talawaan Tatelu area, District of North Minahasa.
UNIDO decided to avoid any activity in mining area where
there is conflict. Due to the time and access concerns, it was finally decided to focus at Tanoyan, Sub-District of Lolayan, District of Bolaang Mongondow.
E. Fish Sampling 1. Background The Tanoyan mining area is situated approximately Mongondow District, North Sulawesi. unabated over that last 20 years.
15 km south of Kotamobagu, Bolaang
Mining activity started here in 1986 and has continued
The mining area spread out within the headwaters of the
Tanoyan River and its tributaries like Onkag Mongondow that is surrounded by rice paddies, coconut plantation and cornfields. Local streams are used to draw water to flood the paddies. In rainy season the streams overflow and flood the surrounding landscape, including paddies. There was flood in 2005 that, according to Manado Health Department, caused the mercury in well water to become contaminated; the mercury level was elevated above the h';lman health drinking water guideline (1.0 ~g/L)
Presumably
the source of mercury was from the
contaminated cyanide tailing ponds that routinely fill and discharge to the local streams. People
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30 are advised not to drink their well water and this fear persists nearly two years later. People are also uncertain about the health risks of mercury in rice, banana, coconut, kangkung (local aquatic plant), fish, corn and livestock, because of the belief that mercury is taken up from contaminated water by all of these foods. Legal or illegal miners use mercury for gold processing. The illegal miners probably outnumber the legal ones, and the amount of mercury used is enormous. been used in this area for a long time. So far system.
110
So, a great deal of mercury has
fish data have been collected from this river
During the September 2006 mission to North Sulawesi, given the long history of
mercury use in the area and the absence of data, it was decided that a fish collection program for mercury analysis would be undertaken.
2. Methods Fish sampling was conducted during mid-October 2006 by Danso Ahyuan, Hanny Tioho, Purnama Nainggolan (Lestari) and Papa Tita, a local miner.
Fish were collected by electro
fishing using nets. All fish captured were identified to species and measured for fork length cm). A tissue sample was taken from each lish, dried to a constant weight «60°) and stored in bags.
Fish tissue samples were taken back to Canado and analyzed for total mercury at the University of Victoria.
Samples were dried to low humidity, ground to a fine powder, weighed precisely,
and then was analyzed for Hg by thermal decomposition Zeeman corrected atomic absorption (YDZ-AA) using LUMEX mercury analyzer RA-9l5+ and RP-9IC pyrolysis attachment.
The
Zeeman correction technique corrects for most interferences and therefore produces high sensitivity and selectivity analysis. Importantly, a highly precise analytical balance is needed ot obtain high precision results.
Accuracy and precision were estimated by analysis of certified
reference materials (CRMs). To check j{Jraccuracy, DOLT-2 [Dogfish liver; NRCC Institute for Environmental Chemistry; Certified Hg value of 1,99± 0.1 PPM] was analyzed. And precision was always better than 5%.
The fish collection stations were revisited in March 2007 by R. Baker to describe e~ch site and acquire photographs and to collect stream sediment for mercury analysis.
-
-- ----
Sediments will be
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31 transported back to Canada for analysis of total mercury and will be reported independently from this report. Four locations were chosen for fish sampling along the Tanoyan
River or its tributaries, as
follows:
1. Station 1 Mopusi River (%In 0640100 E 0064437 N) upstream reference location away from mining area near Mopusi Village. Near a vehicle crossing on a 10m wide shallow of -0,3 mls.
One dead catfish (Ide) was observed in the stream
According to the
villagers catfish, tilapia (mujair), eel and sharkminnow (Nilam) can be capture there.
2. Station 2 Kinali River, tributary to Tanoyan near mining area (0640577 E 0066124 N) near a bridge crossing at small scale mining. The stream is 15 m wide, meandering and slow velocity but with sufficient slope to create riffle areas. observed. degradation.
Larval fish were easily
Water striders were also present, which suggests some environmental Sediment
was sampled upstream of a road crossing in clayey silty sand
about 0,3 m deep in very soft and unconsolidated graylbrown sediment.
3. Station 3 Tanoyan River (Onkag River) downstream of mining area (0643657 E 0069703 N). The river here is wide (15 -- 20 m) and deep with very soft and deep sediment along side the river bank, limiting access. The stream is low energy, meandering and has quiet runs with small, intermittent riffle section over coarse, hard compacted cobble bottom with a thin veneer of sandy surface sediment.
Sediments were collected from two
locations here. One from near shore, in a brown clayey silt, very flocculent and released gas when disturbed.
Worm tubes could be seen on the surface.
Sediment was also
collected upstream of a riffle area near the middle of the stream 1 0,3 m water. Sediment here was soft, brown sand and also released gas bubbles.
4. Station 4 Tanoyan River downstream of mining area at bridge crossing near Mopait Village (0641999 E 007020 N).
The river is 20 m wide, less than 0,5 II} deep with
uniform compacted cobble bottom. Larval fish were observed. It was difficult to locate
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32 sediments for sampling.
Small composite sample taken near shore from behind small
compacted boulders in depositional halo.
Fish were also collected from a small rice paddy pond adjacent to the Kinali River at station 2 near the mining area that is subject to flooding of the river or is fed from the river to flood the padddie.
Sediment was also collected in one of these ponds. Water was very shallow «!Ocm)
with abundant vegetation growth (Kangkung), anoxic conditions and very organic with abundant decaying organic material.
3. Analysis Result 3.1 Result of Sampling Effort Five species of fish were captured including Nile tilapia or Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Moambique
tilapia or mujair (Oreochromis
mossambicus),
silver sharkminnow
or nilem
(Osteochilus hasseltii), walking catfish or lele (Claria batrachus) and Java barb or tawes (Barbonymus goniontus).
Only 17 nile tilapia and 21 silver sharkminnow were captured froni all
locations, including ponds, and analysed for mercury,
Five mujair were also captured in the
pond and these were analyzed for mercury.
Java barb were most abundant species captured at all location except station 1. None of these fish were analysed for mercury however, for unknown reasons. Walking catfish was present at all stations except station 4 and in the pond and were also not sample for mercury.
Mujair (Mozambiqie tilapia) was not present in the streams, only from the pond. According to local people, mujair is not common in streams and only a 1ew farmers will have mujair. Although the two species of tilapia are similar, nile (Nile tilapia is more popular because they grow and reproduce more quickly than mujair. We were also told that tilapia (Mujair and nila) are more difficult to capture now because people believe that cyanidation has reduced the number of fish in local stream.
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33 We also learn that people fish with cyanide, adding a briquette to the stream and gathering any fish killed in the area. As cyanide is a non-discriminatory chemical, benthic organisms will also be killed and this practice may have diminished fisheries resources in this area.
3.2. Mercury in Fish Tissue mercury concentration were converted from dry to wet weights assuming a moisture content of 78%, which is common for freshwater fish. Raw data for each species from the four stream locations and ponds are presented in Table I. Several trends are immediately apparent, notwithstanding minor differences in fish size among locations. o
Silver sharkminnow or nilem are consistently higher in mercury than Nile Tilapia at all stations except the upstream reference where they were similar. At all mining affected stream stations and the pond, mercury concentration in nilem were 25% to three times greater than similar size tilapia.
o
The relationship between stream location (and presumably, mercury contamination) and mercury concentration in tilapia is not consistent. There was very little difference among fish from different river stations, with lower concentrations at station 2, in the mining area and concentrations between 0.16 and 0.24 mglkg at the other stations. There was very little correlation between fish size and mercury.
o
Nilem had higher mercury concentrations than tilapia at all locations downstream of the reference station I, ranging from 0.21 mglkg to 0.28 mglkg (Table 2). Higher mercury concentration
was more closely related to location of capture and not to a positive
correlation between fish size and mercury concentration. o
Mercury concentrations of both nila and tilapia, were highest in the pond, with nilem being nearly double the mean conccntration on tilapia (0.24 mglkg). Nilem averaged 0.47 mglkg and ranged up to 0.60 mg/kg in only 12 cm fish.
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34 CHAPTER V. PERSONAL STORY AND IMPACT
During the involvement
in this program, we noted some people expenencmg
something
meaningful and some negative impact. The following are something expressed by them. •
Urip Detu stated that he is not satisfied yet about the job he has at the moment. Even though the Sluice Box has been proved to be able to yield 71,4% gold out of the trommel compared with what mercury could yield, he still want to try to achieve the same yield using sluice box, so that there will be no reason for the mine entrepreneurs not to shift totally to sluice box. His first intention to get involved in this program was due to his participation in community activities that he has been involved with since his youth. anything.
He was not really expecting
But after he got involved and appointed to be a paid technician in which he
declined at first, but for the sake of the people and work activity, he decided to accept the offer.
In every opportunity he always spends it socializing the activities conducted by
Lestari, even in family celebrations where he is frequently asked to be the master of ceremony. •
Seriyanto, a staff of Bolaang Mongondow District Mining and Energy Bureau, a local technician, stated that his involvement in this program, even though it did not starts smoothly due to bureaucracy, yet afterward what he gained was a deeper knowledge of the sluice box. In the past he knew only the theory. He also learned about rhe real livelihood of the miner community, that when they are well, they are happy, but when they are in trouble, they are really in trouble. why this
In his institution, the fund for study or research is very small and that is
program
recommendations,
is very helpful.
From this activity, he could obtain various
and the result of the study could be a reference in their library and
something to use in the future.
The impact of this activity to the miners, local government, public, media and program organizer are: •
During the activity, the campaign on reducing mercury in small scale mines include facts of the enonnous total mercury used and its impact on a number of areas in North S,ulawesi has aroused the people's attention to this issue. The officers of related government institutions now are challenged to be proactive in helping to overcome this problem. The Trading and
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35 Industry Bureau has committed to monitor the distribution of mercwy and cyanide and also suggested that there should be labeled. Each of the government institution involved in this program are now aware of the importance of coordination among them in order to increase the affectivity of monitoring and control and to cultivate the small scaie mines. •
The miner's community and trommel owners at Tanoyan is now acquainted with the sluice box and retort as an alternative technology of gold processing. Although it has not been fully implemented, but a motivation toward the technology
do exist by now. Muhammad Iqbal
said that through this program his decision to use the cyanide method is getting steady. From Drip Detu story, this program has inspired the people at Bubongayon (about 8 lan's from Tanoyan) to use the sluice box. The carpet given by Lestari is now borrowed and being used there. The miners there are Tanoyan villagers that they always come home to Tanoyan. •
The formula of ore processing with sluice box has been socialized to the people and positive responses had been expressed.
Four mining entrepreneurs (Rano, Suharto Mokobombang,
Jamal Mokobombang and Arsyad Mokobombang) who had been actively participating in the try-outs had stated that they will implement the sluice box technology in their operation. Nothing to loose in installing the sluice box because capitally they are strong enough. The crushed ores by the trommel will go through the sluice box then to the pool and later to be processed in the cyanide drum.
Although the focus of the campaign is the sluice box, but in
many opportunity it has been synergized with the information about the use of retort. •
Jan Paputungan with whom we met during the distribution of posters, leaflets and brochures, is convinced that it is more economical, and had committed to implement the sluice box technology and retort. Jan has been a miner for 15 years and had long since desiring to try the sluice box technology but due to lack of information he could not.
•
Although
it has been explicitly mentioned
by the Bolaang Mongondow
Government
Secretary, in this case Head of the economic section, that it is time to stop using the mercwy due to its impact that affects the other economic sectors in that region, like the threat to farmers at Dumoga by the mercury polluted river that flows through Dumoga, yet there are more actions need to be taken to materialized the region's policy due to the many aspects that has to be contemplated and to seek its solutions. •
The analysis of the post test program questioners showed that the miners had learned that the mercwy
is hazardous.
(---~-
The 85% positive responds were collected, 23% through the
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36 government, Radio 20%, Lestari 19%, Posters 18%, neighbors 14%, TV 8% and Newspaper 4%.
Yet their dependency on mercury is still high.
Every mine is still using mercury
(66,7%) that averagely crushes ores in the tronnnel for 3 hours (50%) using I kg of mercury per trammel (42%). The miners still practicing open furnace (38%) either beside the drum or trommel or close to the residential area. Only 23, I% are using sluice box and 3,8% are using the retort. The miners are more acquainted with the sluice box, due to the time frame, it was chosen to be the focus of the campaign and not retort. The time for sluice box try-out and to find the best way to use it is long enough. More time in the future is needed to socialize the benefit of using the sluice box and retort in order to shift the attitude totally because only 34% of the respondents stated that they would try to reduces the exposure to mercury and 19,3% did not respond.
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37
CHAPTER VI. CONSTRAINTS
During the eight months program many opportunities for positive changes related to the success and challenges
faced in achieving the objective of the program.
The following are the
constraints or challenges faced by Lestari that have been formulated for future success. •
In-depth
information
about the program had to be conveyed to related government
institutions especially Mining and Energy Bureau.
This is to avoid miss-perception that
could impede the partnership and coopcration in carrying out the programs in mining sector. •
The baseline was not systematically sct that at the end of the program it is hard to measure the quantitative changes that have taken place.
•
The related institutions were not really aware of the role and responsibility of each of them in relation and coordination development.
•
The lack of systematical and progressive documentation system in the outreach program and media campaign.
•
The imbalance between the management and outreach team in implementing the activities. The total outreach is so little and the absence of educators for peers that would help the spread the information to the miners, mine entrepreneurs, housewives, children, young adults and the community in general.
•
The team from Manado who conducted the fish survey failed to submit the report that has been awaited by the community.
•
The impact of the campaign in the community could not bee seen due to the belated printing and distribution of supporting campaign material.
•
Internal planning, monitoring and evaluation of the program were not tightly conducted since the beginning of the campaign to the end.
•
Inexplicit responsibility of each personnel that occurred since the beginning of the program.
•
Sluggish funding had hampered the implementation of the program in the field.
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38 CHAPTER VII.
CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A change in attitude and behavior is a continuous process. The purpose of changing the attitude of the target group to a better one takes different message and supports. The process of changing the attitude could be pictured in the following tat-Ie.
Process of Transforming the attitude
The Program of Community Awareness on Hazards and Health Risk of Mercury and Cyanide and Improved Techniques for Gold Recovery in North Sulawesi, Indonesia,
The scheme of
attitude change above, were due to the messages and support in every phase as the following: Ignorance
Concern
Concern
The total of Information handouts at the mine locations in North Sulawesi, specifically Bolaang Mongondow District and the gold The condition of North processing model with mercury. Sulawesi, Bolaang Mongondow is not safe due to the amount of mercury used in gold processes. The impact of mercury is not only at the mining area but also up the river due to the many trommels set around the river. Thus the sea (Manado Bay, Buyat Bay, etc.,) had been polluted by mercury. At this phase, the community was informed about the pollution process, the exposure to mercury for either the environment or human. When the community began to show intention to learn more, the information of the risk that may be some of them had suffered The due to the years of exposure to mercury IS given. explanation is stressed on the facts that the symptoms of exposure to mercury on human do not appear right away but it accumulates. Alternative options were then given to reduce the
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39
Acquired knowledge
and
skill Acquired and skill
Motivation
Motivation
The awareness on the hazards of mercury for himself as well as for the community and environment plus the fact that by using sluice box could also be beneficial will encourage the miners to put it into practice.
Try-out
At this point the try-out should be
continuously demonstrated so it could the community could see that optimum result could be achieved using the sluice box. Here is where we need a person as a model who is seriously willing to set his choice and to be consistently trying to use the sluice box.
Try-out
Some groups of miners (Suharto Mokobombang, Rano, Jamal Mokobombang and Arsyad Mokobombang) had spent some time to keep on doing the try-out for anxious to find out whether the sluice box could yield the same amount of gold like the trommel with mercury. Now the use of mercury has been reduced from I kg for each trommel, now only IOOgrams. It is a matter of time and perseverance in order to achieve the result that is equal to the
Success
traditional pro
Information,
knowledge and innovation about the sluice box, retort and the
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40 right technology to support them should always be provided.
From all the series of the activities conducted so far, and based on the community's reaction specifically the miners and the entrepreneurs who had intensively participated in the sluice box and retort try-outs, the result achieved is still at the motivational growth and self conducted tryouts ofthe sluice box and retort. It could be that the try-out conducted is not a permanent that continuous support and assistance instead of 'simply trying' or to use it only when mercury is not available or not enough.
According
to our findings, the regivnal government, related institutions and the miners'
community will hold important roles in matters related to mercury used in mining in the future.
Approach to management.participation. •
During the implementation of this program Lestari tried to develop a participatory approach that consists of the element of technical guidance provision, escalation of local community capacity, and policy implementation facility.
This approach should be continuously spread
out and explicitly clarified specifically in the relationship between the related bureaus of regional government and miners' community and organization that care about the mercury problem in the small scale mining. o
Escalating local capacity of either the govemment institutions or communities and its organizations should be prioritized because it is related with the sustainable and self support ofthe local community in overcoming the me,curial problem.
o
Meeting and discussion to seek solution will become an important point understanding
III
building
among the parties involved so that communication will be reinforced and
cooperation as a team could be developed. o
Cooperation in planning and preparation prior to the implementation of the program are very important.
Guidance related to the field activities includes the information management
system should be thoroughly prepared.
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41
"Zero Mercury" Work Group. o
The program of reducing or eradicating the use of mercury in small scale mining in the future is to be conducted cooperatively in a workgroup that consists of the community, NGOs, and related government institutions. With this kind ofteam the facilitating role and coordination between sectors and level in the community and also in the govemment could be done integratedly.
o
Multisectoral approach like this would be able to press the government to allocate enough funds in reducing or eradicating the use of mercury in small scale mining.
Political/Policy o
Support.
Looking at the importance of government roles, It is necessary to have a program that could press the government to pro-actively developing a tight strategy of reducing or restricting the use of mercury in small scale mini ng.
This should includes the escalating the effort of
research to find alternatives of gold processing model that is more effective compares to the use of mercury.
NGO Orientation. •
The skill in managing the program, briefing, orientation and training for the NGO staff needs to be escalated that each member of the team could understand their role and responsibility. Then the communication and coordination among the staff could be built up for the success of the program.
•
Staff orientation about the program should cover the purpose, strategy, technical problem, and administration.
The main attention of the program coordinator should be on the
implementation of the activity, and should spend enough time for guidance. •
NGO Network building (forum and coalition) will increase the capacity of the NGO as a whole include the total dependency on the donor. It will also increase the involvement and human resources provided to carry out the program.
o
NGO forum is still needed to increase reinforcement in teamwork coordination, mandate on the roles, technical skills and managerial includes funds raising.
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42 Change of Behavior (Information, Education and Communication) •
Change of behavior toward certain target in order to achieve the right target is necessary. A continuous improvement of capacity of related institutions, conununity, and NGOs who cares about mercury is necessary to develop concept, planning and to carry out the communication activities of the change of behavior that strayed to other specific changes.
•
To develop a new attitude that could change the level of awareness, knowledge and action, needs a strong human resource especially in monitoring and evaluating the program itself especially when the program is new and trial tested.
!~-
43
CHAPTER VIII . A TT ACHMENTS
1. Post program survey result and analysis. ( By dr. Henry) 2. Report on "Minimizing the use of mercury at the small scale mining environment by using the sluice box" research by Seriyanto,
local Lestari technician -
Staff of Bolaang
Mongondow District Mining and Energy Bureau. 3. Radio Talkshow CD 4. TV talkshow CD 5. Mini Documentary CD 6. Posters and brochures CD 7. Clipping of printed media 8. Fish report by Randy Baker 9. List of participants of journalist trip on September 10. List of participants of journalist trip on Desember 11. List of Articles published in printed media as long as September & December 12. List ofNarasumber
Radio program on September
13. List ofNarasumber
Radio Program on Desember
14. List ofNara sumber Program TV Talkshow Interactive 15. Transcript of radio talkshow 16. Transcript of TV talkshow. 17. Photoes
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TV 5 Dimensi Tomohon -idemRadio Smart FM Manado Tribun Sulut Manado -idem-idemCitra FM Manado Harian Swara Kita Manado
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Tabel Daftar Narasumber dan Instansi Asal 1
Juardi Damapolii
2
Ir. Supardi
4
George Tanor
5 6 7 8 9
Kepala Tata Usaha -KTU Dinas Pertamban an dan Energi Bolmong Kepala bidang Pengawasan Bapedalda Bolmon Kasubdin Perdagangan Disperindag Bolmong Pengusaha tambang desa Tanoyan Public Health Lestari Teknisi Lestari, Dinas Pertambangan dan Ener i Bolmong Dinas Pertambangan dan Ener i Bolmon Ba edalda Bolmon
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2.
Dra. Rahmi Mokoginta
3.
Dr. Hari Wahyudi
4.
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Ade Deyong
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Bobby Polii
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Sonny Victor Malonda
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Tabel Daftar Narasumber dan Instansi Asal I.
Ir. Victor Malonda
2.
Dr. Hendry Palanden Ade Deyong
3.
Wakil Kepala Dinas Pertambangan dan Ener i Sulut Public Health Lestari Penambang dari Desa Tatelu - Minahasa Utara
A nggota KIe ompo kB" maan No Nama 01 Zainal Ansik 02 Rano 03 Igbal Delapanga 04 Muhammad Anwar 05 Jamal Mokobombang Suharto Mokobombang 06 07 Arsyad Mokobombang 08 Dahlan Manggo
Lokasi Talong Talong Lingkobungon Lingkobungon Talong Talong Talong Rappe
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Dinatn-ika@ MallDdo Post .'SELASA. 31 Oklobel' 2006
Rencana Konversi 350 HaTN-BNW
WPR Hams Menjamin Kelestarian Kawasan .Lindung BEHAN Taman Nasion.1 Bogan; Nani W.nabonc (TNBNW), leruS berta"'beli. Berkcmbangnya k..glatan· Ulmbllns bJn&ga )UasmI sd
undang-undang (lllull di,,&l"lIm pad. halaman4). Oi halik deti! subst"".; yang telah IcrUla radII banyBJ< alln'an, H.h Ilk mt:mbumwmp~-mcrtllscpcndllpe:t. M~. b<:rh .... p protebi IW kawUlll!
pet1ambang yllJ1g semeMDnl bedeglatan .... t Inl di1~lkan .. ja. "Thjuannya agar kCiman IBmbang bba dikontrol dsn tBk
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melalui [ah"Pan hebat ~lIlallln di DPIlD RI ber.ama-sama denglln Ocpartemen Kehuta.nan III karena Ilaru. berujung plIdarevisheJumlahpt1'llllgket
"Kal.u memanll .uHt dlrelokasi, maka kegialan l.mb.lIg raky" di kawasan llndung ..... 1 ini perlu segcm din:gulul. Dengan regul .. idan menjadl WPIl. akan lebih mudall mengonlrol perkcmbangan kegiatan lambang lekn1igua memberl Ilelu~na keberlanjutan dari taman nuional ya,,& ads. :!&lIt Ini. Haflll'dlsadari Illal 'ni pelaku penamb.na 18k sc.ulli lllgi dengan pcrscpsi m8S11lalu, kenyataannya _I 1111 keglatan tambana um"",nya dllakoni oleh mercka yan!l; punYII kemampuan. Dan juga bilB direlokasi 18k pili kal'Cflll kegialan lamban; ben-eda denllan kegiac8lt lain, iwrcna jelas kandunpn deposil em .. suaru kawasan akan
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. BAGAIMANA agar keslatan tambllna rakyat di Kawasan Hu~ . Lindung TIlman N45lonal Bogani N ....i \I,'ltrtabonc bi ... 'direklln' dampalwya, clan tak menganum kelanl-'IU1tIP'T1 ka"'lISIlTllindun:g tenebur. Adll beny8k hal yang perlll dihokul"in dan dipco:hatibn Itrkall dengan 'kontroversi' kegiatan tarnbar!gyllllli ren~"ya bskBl dll~alkanjAdl WPk (Wl1l1yab ~rtambanpn Rakyal) 1111. Benklll fIIlI1dangan Dr Ir Daniel Limbong MSC dOi
j~~ui,.~.a} .l!U, 18k ~Kenapa Ini m""it> lerj8di, karena ada.per.oalan perul di 5MB. Jangan .. mpai hanya tare"" taman n""lollal, • warlla Durnoga dluslr dari.sekilar . wllayah laman nllsioniil. Inl,haroll dipikirklln," kilsh A_luddln Umbolu. mahasis,",a Universilu Dumoaa Kot.unobo:l8u,." / r.:...:;, , • Kenyataannya ma.alall 18k hanya b~rhei'l!i pada p"rsoalan pcmenulula peru! mnara. 20 tahun PEn belgejolak dalam kawasan tuman naslOfllllI btlkan Ildak' 'memberi imb .. '; lerhadap •. keanCi\Df1l8ll11tanhayati dalam k4....itsan laman nulonal. Jusm.., HanOll, alctlvls' Perlladunlian'A lam LIar Sulawesi (PALS~ membeber aklivitas PETI membawa dampak ikutan baai f1lItllli' kdlidupan taman,naslonal. ,-_ ' Selaln member! dampak padi!. siklus C hidrologli alau lata gun. :air,ljua~ , membl:ri d&mpal< beslll'lr~ lll!aair, alur ekologls siklu§ ekolos's
jut. makanya , Persoalaa perut ma.ih·dianggap ""bagBi alllSllll utllma 'menyoa!' atuf1ll'l bila memang ak ... di-WPR-kan boiknya ini hllT\ls diikuli oleh jaminan WIllIIIl _I k4W¥lU1lindU,,&- Wtlria menyon:>t Vibak bah",'a kel..,gsungan. TN-BNW 1m l=lyataan sepaIljang 1986, ..,jak ramal. mllllal:" ujar Mamon1:lL(rllP) 11lllUlinya PETl dttlam kawasan tamlIn
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Dr Ir Danid Llmboog MSc: (Dnw.
nasional lelah dilakukan sejumlllh operasi lapangan. Bahkan operasl Sanliago yang dilatukan kala ilu berltaslJ menuTllJlkan penamba1tJl ]Jar besena pcralanmnYIl. Mesld dbu~ul denlliln opera.i ""lanjulnya,· benkul menuelBndang pBra penambanll ini
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ak'~~o Peelul! Masyamkal Dumoga (FKPMD) dan elemen rn ... yaraluu \ainllYa di C1"II lallu" 1990-an, DPRD dan Pemkab BollllU1gMongondow dalarn walctu dlekal men)"amp.ikannya hasml masyarakal
~Kami lahu bahwa !nl adalab kawalan llndung, ada all1ran yang mengalurnYII. Tapi l1arus juga diplkm.DJt bagalmnnll k~sejahlerlll1D masylU'llklll yllllg ada dl sckilllr kaWilSllll taman rIlIs!onal,~ ujar As'; DarnopoHi.
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f'OSTUR tubuhnye wllklU. K.lau Itu rldak lCrbilang mungil. bicarPnya.· . dllakuk.n jlllngank.., kerja, pllllllgllk pclan. Namun sosok perhalian da" ka~ih laY8ll& Ibu satu an.k ini punya unluk keillaraa pasll tldak semanaal besal' dikailkan cutup dibolrikan," lulur denpn pcrsoalan linakangan jelloltm bebcrapa pelallhan di B01rnong beberapa tailun yana berfoklls gend<;:rin!. rcrakhir. Mama Iti lcnn!tSuk akllf 8il. dileli.lk IlIIU dem' m~nggerakkan perernpuan ufU ap" yang dlkerjakan dalam pelcstariaD percmpuan kelshiran 11 Jull linakungan. trni akl,f 1977 lni Ie-rmasuk benosiaUsasi di desll·desa mentcngllllg!
Ini, penambang nIkyat keraphanya
berbeda dengan kaWIlSllJtlain. MUIIgkin yang lepal adalah dilokalislr. Dlkaltkan dcnaan rencana lm-WI'R.kan ....w ....... yllIlg scmentata dlkelob saal inl, karnl member! pohu khuws agar [nstrumen aturIlJI yang beru tal<. kanya diiegalkan hegiru saja, atan tetapi pmu po:mbinaan yallg diJakuklln oleh Instansllekni5 W'tIIllma Distam!>tn
Srikaridi . ·Lingkullgah Bolmong lay. mengandllng sekitar 9 bulan, harus meml>erikan ~Yana namilnyll tarJ&8Ullg sosiali .... i temang pc:rernpuan tlngkungan dl Jawab dalam kl;lndisi apapun dan Malayangan daD TOftUI. Ini kila haru. letap memberi diri, ~ IIImb4b Ketoa Badan heral, tapi hllMls dilunaikan'· Pendiri LSM Swan BoBai ujunya mengenang. Mem.ng mulh ada hal Totabuari in!. "Pcmnh waklll ysng mengganjal kellka meHhal pOlter kehldllP8n warp yang Iinggal dl !lCkltar kawasan laman nallona!. Tapal bIltu. yanll. liOOk jelas anl.ra laman nnlonlill dan dacrah bercocok tansrn. ~Saya mengerll belill baplman kultur muyarakal di .lnt Tak mUllpi" mereka me-TUsakhUlan yllllg ll1<'I\Jadi pcnyanggah kehiduPllnnya. COba dipertegas uuabalasnya. Jangan.jangan mercka mcnambang m.sih masuk dl lahan y.ng menjadi mlllknya," harap jebolan I'akull •• Pertan!an Jurll$lln Budld.ya Tanaman unx 2003 .ilam ini.(rIap) ~~~k~fi'P~:sUk-
keluar
Pertimbangkan Keseimbangan Ekologi dan Ekonomi DI rnllJUHltana kebutuhan rneleslariken kekayaan allll1t paoli llkan bemadaPl'" dengnn !;.einglll'" U'II"" men.daparkan manful !iCCIIl1I cepat bt&:i linpac ekonoml "''''1>'' Iokal. Hallnipwl mcrebak uar Il'--nambang liar merangsek di kaW1lSlllllindung Tmnan NfI5iooal Botlanl Nanl .Wartiibone (TNBNW). Tertepas dari adanya pctjuBngan unruk meWPR.l
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at~upM"" hendaknyajang&n terIalu kaklL Hat'IJ:i d1plkirlullt kembQllllflllksh masyarakat ju,ga mcndllpillkan nllai 11.1>(11 darl scbuah ....wasan taman na>;iOl1llIketika dltelllpkan. Aturan ditetaplu!n Ul"Jlllkmempertahllnkan kescimbangnn, lImialmyll, yt1118perlu dilestBlikan bukan hanya alatnn)'Il leUlpi juga kelangsungan hidup monusia ylll>.lladp di ..,l<.ilar kew8laJt. Ketl"" ma!l)'lU'llkat dldesak meme-nuhl kcbuwllan ekoooml, llta:iyantUt Ilkan cendenmg mt:n~ar1 ~umbcr d.ya.1am yang inoll1rluntuk mcmcnuhl kcbu1l1llannya. Meski memang, sekarnng lelBh te-ljacli pcn.Ibahan kulwr hutan ill! sendiri lr.atvna adanya akli"i_akl;vilas dalam kawasan Iaman nasillnal. Siasanya mUI,m hujan menylmpmt .!r erl
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.Cari Solusi 'yang Tepat KEJAR-kejaran denaan' ap8l'1l1 penegak hukum buka" hal b.ru bagi Penambang Em .. Tanpa Ijin (PEn), te-rml'lluk di Iokall tarnbwlg Berlngln inl. Tabun 19&O-anballnl pemelr tCljao:lI,hini&& skhimya mereta harul turnn darl loleasi rambling. ~ Ala .... elmnoml masih menjndi alasan kuar lIi"8l!a met'l.'ka nalk kembali ke areal pcrtIImbsnsan liar ini, mmi mendapat: peri.wan ... keraa dart aperat. Penambang COlas li.r d~lam kaw.s.n pemah
di~lokllSi dl BolingoogOl, $oCbuah IoI
~=C.;t':~l:t'I.YM~':r bij~l:.a~ ~~ ~~~: mUIIl soma, barv. relok .. i blsa dilakukan," tambah pria yana: sudaII bel ....... tailun menjalll penambang in!. Menurulnya, blla mc:mang peneg.kan hukum dllakuk8ll pasli akan me-nlmltulk.., gesekan yang cuku!, tajam dcnaan malyarakat pensrnbang. Karena dl dlI....n uwtl.Slln bergelut 6ClOl:1-tu1 pcnambanll. D.... mereka ~1~:'~~~.i~T!d:k~lk:':t~~~~r~= k.w.san umpa soilloi yang lepal, persoalan .k.n bemkhlr. Harus dlinglU bahwa ada 6OOO-an penambang yang mengganrungkan Irldupn)'ll di sana. ~ wnbahnya. ~Ben.r inl .dIllah kaw •• .., lindung. Tapi hams dlpikirkan, ma.yarakal juga butub makan IInlUk kelanglungan bidupnya." Karenllnya. pemerintah dillarapkan bi .. mempcrju.ngkan lokasi PETI yang menycbar dalam lcawasan, dU:onversi menjadi WPR. Ketika dijadU:lIII WPR ad. hak dan kew~Jiban scmua pihak yang mustl dlalur. Semisal, lI.al dilakukan eksploraai ishan eks IBmbllng harus di~habi1itasi, dillutankan kemba1i, lelelah lima [ahun diaunakan. pensrnbang harus kelll'" kaWllSan. ~Darl peda ICTUSmenimbolk.n konlroVe .. i. lebih bIlik dijadlkan WPR. Namun harus dlpenegas apa hak dan hwIIJiban:temUII pcnatnbanj:. LlIl1gpr k~tlII1 ada sank!Jinya," UIlUInYIl.(r!&P)
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SElASA.31 Oktober 2006
kawas~n ~indung dan Pertambangan Rakyat
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51,! AhI;, BPLH Propimf Suhit OARI IUdUI peng~mbBnil.n k~jaluetlllln mayankat, kawa.san konservasi lebih serlng,dlder. ariuinen yang ~;$i dibanding dmpn Plaun yang mend~k"nl· Hutan dllihllt ~lnp.iglldang yang mcmHiki kekal'W besur. KcbYl!lIn ler.cbut bis. dilepas ... Iiap sui dalam ....aklll ,;ni.ka! denssn pertimbanlM nllal ekonom; yang dominan. Ke~y .. n t .. ,scbut bl.. juga din!kmal; ... .,lfa lIe.lahanlah,,", dais'" wllklu lama denpn nila! ekol081 yang dnm;Mn. Domil'lllSi niLaI ekonomi da:n ekolDIP memasang larlel pada tilll koInponen
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Sualu sl'I~U: 'ekologl selalu member!kan reaksl lerhlld.p p~rubahan. Ada rcaksi Yll/limcnaril< sistom itu Ia:" hmb.1i ke kondlsi semulll, lerjadl pimuliban'l ~~koslst"m. Ad. reak.i yana _ meil.rlk' 51s1em; ilU aallr { perganll anh menuju ka kemllllln .I.U ke benlUk eko.ii5tem ylna liiln. Studi PeraOllllllay~ adalah jika WPR lenebllt 'horus" mlmp~-j lencbui hanJ1 dibangun dl kaw=an mengidentifilr:asl ke m.na - • I;ndurtll. UWUSllll YIUIlI seCIlTlltelitl suksesl' ekoslstem itlt (' .udall dlpertimbangkan apr lldak mensaru. 'Td..nan lerha<Jmp diguliIlilU. SelilP jengk.1 k.w ..... n kawuan hUIan SlImpll dilllilt' lindung (misofnyll Tamln N .. ional bll.. loleranslny •.• kan BogIIIlI Nani W.rtabone, 11'lBNW) menaaklblllkan kawllan PlIda prinsipnya ledanil memlkul lerseb"l beban unll.lk rnenjamin (I) li
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Namun Saya .endiri cenderung - don ekonoml hUlln Iinduna Oul mana sajl dlstribusl IlIlgkB melihal pan~g:an dmllklan terlalu rncnunjukkan bahwa ekonornl sebesar IGI. Ada sedikllnyl 8 dl'dramlli.I.' dlln lerkesan klise. hUlan lindlJng)i1lna beJl<elllrljulaII kompon"n yang menj.dl d .. ar KIUljustnl kel'llf/ menjd>aklutn dlrl bc:mllaldwlk.I;lIpa1darlpadanllal perhilung.n keru.l.n oleh pada hitung-hillmgBn limpang dan donomi ,ambang yang hany. Kementtllllt Nelartl LH. Kedefapan tcrJalu meny~erfllllllliwn m"""Jab. sementant. 'nila! itu .dalah nllei byu tegnkkan Blla menlanl m.u metlghitung HuUlll nndU"8 mcmberlklllt n,"'i hutan, umur pakai lahan dan hUII8. untung-rugi meleotlriklln rnanlilat d.onoml:oebc:sar Rp. 265,5 peleflllSln karbon. hlbutgny. Ull$1lf kerttglll1lan hll)lllli sebualt ir:JIwll5Bn milyarltahun. MmcnUlrlo ekonoml hara, pengendllli.n ero.I dan banding deng;,n langsung umbang dan HPH hany. membc:ri IlmplllllUl, runpl pettll" .. i Umbab. menaeskplolta51 'fislk' kawalan manfUl sel>esar Rp.121.3 mllyarl fungsl pen.mpunglln .Ir da" lersebul. hull hilungan lelap Ulhun. atou banya setengahnya. pengalll"''' lInI.air. mendudukan produk pelestllrilln Apllkasi yllng lebih rill darl Kedelapan komponen lnl lllam jauh lebih. bela. manfumya hilung-hllllnglln Inl. pernall memiliki nHai maslng-mllsing dan kel;mbang eksploltasl unluk dllllrunbn TEMPO edkl 25 sap""tel.h dikonve .. 1 dldapal huil kcbuluhlm jangka pendek. lellIber 200fi. daflm Lipul.n Rp227,02 Trillun, NiI.i Inl Untuk ukiJran tereeniU ban)'''' Khusus lenlana DUI .. n Ilraban berpeluallJ meninpll! lefill"tllng IlmllWBllyllllg bc:ranl menylmpulkan nll.1 ekolOiis kerap UIk lerupillllkan .U .. tak terhl!uAil nilalnya, Ada kaj;an yang dilurunkan 'ebUllb' lembaila lenlang analbi. valu .. i ..konoml anWI ekonl)mi tambana
Panbal n Kayu Ierltenal Adelln Us. Angka kmoliiolt negDra akibm pembaJ.a.klll'l Yllnl!dldup dllakuJr.an oleh'Adalinlversl Kemenlcrian NqliiLlnplIJl"ian Hldup Ailalny. 5d
banyak dan tentu s.ja nll~ rupiah IIkan jauh leblh liltggl lagi. BII. kila mau menghltung sejenakbc:nlpapotel\!ildr.onQIIliYllll8 dikandung kentlaman luI)'l1ti TN BNW nll.lnya dipUlihn akan sansat 'wall'. [hIrl segi ekologi., kawlISIln Taman N.sional Boganl Nanl Wlreabone memlliki karaklerlslik ekol1)8iS perwakilan Wilayah W.llacell dengan poIensl keanekwaganulnhDyllllyanatinggl. 'Terdapa!empaillped
d",.','ol~Lk.,.' u•••',..,.,.', ••'•••• n tumbuh4n dl daJam kawawt Taman ,.... , Nasion.1 Boa:lII1iNilIl; Wartabone Iindunil. se\l
dalam kawa.an Taman Nasional Boson! Nanl WtIrtatlom menl0lelcsl 24 Janis mamalia, I I janis ~ilill, 2 jcnill ampblbl. 64 jen;, .vea, 36 jell;' kupu-hpu, 200 ./mls kumbllng dlln 19jenis ikllt air law'" (Sumber Balai TN_8NWj, • Olkallkan deagan unean. 'melokallsi.' liga-ratu ..... h. lallan di luIwaSUt Ilndunglel'5ebln dengan tujulln keglatan WPR (Wifayah Pertamban5llll Rakyat), sejoaYanya rancangan ini Iablr.laS dasar lIJllUk 1e1ap lIIeleslllrikan kawasan yug dillndunlll
penyangga kehidupan manusill dan lempal hldup .lami anekanstlm lumbuhan dati hew,," Nallla " ....... Menaapa dllindunai 1 Sebab kaf... k.Wll5lllII..... bul nmal<, maka hubun.an anlara alam dan Iinakullj;ln JodI lid.k seimb~g. Contohnyll,klla akan sulll dapat .Ir UBt rnusim I*\Ilos, ... bn.li\r,nye.I\r" akan melim""" .lias lsanjlr keUka musim hujlll1 Ilk
Apa ltu Kawasan Lindung?
KALI inl TASI In,ln bllili p~ngetlhuan .ejumlah btllah lentllna pelUlarlln alam. Scbab banyak kall ma .. laIl yan, muncul l>..yn Urena \1dU pahmn ani darl nama aebul.n ilCbunIt kaW/lSllllyanl dlUndunal. K.wasan Lindung adalah sobu.tl daerah berbet'lluk danltan (misalnya Ilulan, Bukit , Gan"nl.l dlll1 nl.U ~~~a1.~I,~~:U~~nP~6:;.'
K.rena beailu pentlnl pe'ran k.was.n IIndunlil. mak. BeCllra lnlemaslonal·dlatllf pcnmlukannya berdnltk.n funll"l·fungs! .lamlnya. ,. .." ••• , Kawann SUlka Allm yang dlblj:l d.11IIl12 ~~~t:r.,.:=w~~II.r Alam dlll1 K~du... K ....... G Pelutarlan Alam YIrI& d! bagl dalam J /bnpl. seba,ll Tam.n N.llonll, Tamln
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o ,sua~ Ma~tws Dumogsulu ...... Itar ·9350011.8 (5K M..,l¥l NCI.7461Kpt&nIUml8J [,1979) SU8k11 ~ Bone ukllllr 110.OOOI1a dl Kabu/)8l8n Qomntlllo (SI( Mentan No 7481 KptsIUm/1211979) .-... Ser'-capr ....... Bu'-a ........ 75.200NI{SK Manl.n No ~nI\J'mItlI1980). a.nla88rUn pemye.t8M Menteri Pertanl8n No 736JMsn\.8n1XI1982 pad8 kongrea T.m.n N.. ~l .. _DIInls III dl a.ll 1982. klKlg. kawasall ....... 1II.m Inl diny8t1lklln .-bagai Tam.. NuloMl dengan namII TN Dumoga Son8 dlw1l1an IuIUI 3OO.000ha Pada 1991 MllIlIal5K M&rIteI1Kehut.lln.-l No 731IJ
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Luaa zonasl TNBNW usulan Mall r.... I., Tahun 2008
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Sedikitnya 571 lubelng liar 341 IUbang yang aktif beropel'Al DlIrlllJaa kaWaun TN8NW 287.115 he temmbah sebanyak 306 ha Seklllilr.7 rlbu orang yeng hllir-mudlk mesuk ke luar kswesan
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01 "nUl"' bally.k tanlltngan dahun melestarikoln kelllngsunSan .. buab k!lwlISan lindung, kegl'lllflt.mbang (nkyat) lermllSlIk .. lab sam di sntara beberapa· persoB1BIl ylng mellgeml.lka. Bl\hkan kerap kall teljBdi, status kawUIIII yallg dilindllngl baru ditelapkan setelah kaw,"an ll>r1anjU1" ·dir"mbang' rerld>i11 dehulli. Untungnya ~.uuan seJarah me",ihak
Keglatan PETI dalam Kawaaan TN BNW
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tarnllll NlI!lionlll Bogani NiU\i wartabone. lneropakan pbun;an d... i tiga kaw"""" suaka alam yailu: Suaka Marga.atwa Pumoga seluQS ~ekitar 93.500ha (SK 'Mentan No.746/KtltsnIUmIllf1979). $lIIlkB Marllia~atwa Bon~.""kllar 110.!lOOhB di KabupalcoGorolltttlo{SK Mentan No 7461 l
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dl:nglllllllma TN Dumop.Bone dengan luas 300.000hl (E 1.Inlo"g. Ruolu.i KonfllkPe-rtambangnndl1an,anN ... looal. Bopni Nanl wanabonc:; 2005). Perl<ernbangan !anjutan menyebul pada 1991 sesltai SK Menteri Kehlltanan No 7) IIKplsn-1I191 status kawasan teneblll dlkuk.uhJum denpn lu.... 287.115 hB dM 170.11 ~ h. lerlelak di Kabupaten Bone. Bolan80 Proy!nsi Gorentalo. Dan se-sual
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Kubangan Sari Rasa Bingga Rebutan Desernber unluk PETI di Kecamslan Dumoga Sarat adft .cilulwl Sari "'-"", CarI.oIa, Damato AMI YaJdn. Taltan Sendl"; dell mnih banyall. llIng
ran, Jd
Penggunaan Kawasan Lindung Hams Lewat Ijin Pemerintah RI UU No, Q Tahun 1990 Tentsng KonsoNasi SumbardaY8 Alam Hayatl dan Ek08lalemnyo menaga.kan pede Peaal34, behwa Pengelolaan Itawaaan pelesiarlBn alam yaltu Taman Nasionol, Taman Hutan Reltyal dan Teman \M1I8ll!t Alum adalah kawenangan Pemerlntah Rl (PuS81). IJin Prln .. lp pfInggunaan k_aaan llndung dlkeluerkan selelah eda rakomendeal hEtsll peneUtianIerpadu dan mendapat persetujuen CPR RI. (KepubJll&n Menhul No. 410 Tahun 2006).
Yang dlmakflud Penelitlan Terpadu 8delah aebuah rangkalan proses Yang dlawall oleh ; 1. Ka)lallintemal Departen1en K.hutan.n z. PlMMtltl.n G1eh I..emIUIglI Pemerlnlah 3. Pfllakajlan dan Penysmpalan lIaBll Ite DPR RI 4. DPR Rlmengelullrltan Rakomencl.al 5. K.lu.r katetepan rnelalul kaputu.an Pamttlnt8h.
1999
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menyentllh anp,1I 544 HIlII8U • sekitsr 333.64M3." Tioll8inya : ke~ ..... stawo di ktWasan lind\m& • memku peulnya kegi/Jlall· o pert:.uroan liar. .' :
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SEJAK ditetapkan pads 1991 ~s .... i SK Menteri Kehutantn No 731/Kptsn-f1191 status kawllSIiIn t~1 dik.ukuhklln ..mtllllll luu 287.115 ha, tercal:atadll !Jedikilllya 8 pcnngkat "turlln yang memb~nt~ngi TBmln Naslonal Bogani Nanl Wartsben~ (TI-lBN\\'). • KenYBtllannYIl hlngg akhir 2006., kondlsl kawJlsan lindung inl tetap sekaral ~Ium amsn dari teljangan Jteaiatlll1),1l1l8tak Inwi seperti illegal loa;nll maupun pertambanjlln emll!. liar. Oelapan
0
68 Tahlill 1998 tenlang Pcngeloh..... Suab "'hUll dan Pele.Ulnall '
PI" Nomor 4:'; Tahull 2004 tentani Pa1lm:lungan H1.IUtl1 PP Nomor 7 Tahun 1999 lentsng f'ellallwelan Jenis l'umbulwm dw; S81Wa PI" Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 renltng Pemllnfaallln Jenls , Tumbllhan dan SIllWlIPeTaturan Mellterl Kdlutalian Numor 19 t1lhun 2004 Ienuutg Pm.geloilUlP Kola1lorai!i. Perda Nomor 10 Thhun 2005 len/lMg ReltilxuJ Mas .. k kawasan TN·8NW
Tanggal Bulan Tahun Nomor Edisi Halaman
KOMENTAR Sahtn, 16 September 2006
'-" Meski hanya pinjam pakai
WPR di Dunloga Bisa Terealisasi Kotamobagu, KOh[ENTAR Aspirasi warga Dumoga Raya agar bisa diberi sekitar 250 hcktar areal taman Nasional Dumoga Nani WaItabone guna diiadikan WJ1ayahPertambangan Rakyat (WPR)tampaknya bisa terealisal. Meskipun tak dilepas untuk selamanya, namun ada peluang pemerlntab pusat memlnjamkannya dalam jangka waktu tertentu. ada rekomendasi dari Dekab. Scrnuanya akan sangat Pemkab dan pcngclo\a taman krgantung parla kcputusan Dt'V~1rtl'mcn Kehutanan RI • nasiona!. "Bila tidak ada aral y;mg tentu saja pcrlu disol~on.i; s-cpcnuhnya oleh Dinas !"\ClIU{,lIian Bolmong serta pe~ ngdolah taman nasionalladi. "J)(·ngan dihantu pengclo\a ta~ m;\!l t1asional dan Dishutbun Bolmollf.!,.kami melihal ada pc::JU:lllg Dcphut untuk mcm~ IJeri izin pcmbukaan WPR di Taman Nasional Dumoga Nani \\.'artauonc. Hanya"'saja pc~ 1.l1al1gyan~terbuka ilu hanya untuk pcminjaman datam jangka waklu tertentu, dalam :lrll lldak bisa dijadikan WPR untuk sclamanya," kala Yani Tuuk. lokoh pemuda dari Dull10ga yang juga legislator
melinlang. bulan dcpan warga Dumoga yang bcgitu mendambakan pembukaan WPR legal di wilayahnya. akan be· rangkat ke Jakarta untuk maksud terscbut," imbuhnya. Tuuk pun berharap kepada inslansi terkait. agar bisa memahaml betapa pcntingnya WPR ini terhadap kclangsungan hidup warga. Sebab se-
1301mong Oari F -PDIP.
Karena pcluang
tcrsclmt.
apalagi Pcmk
lJoimnTl.~sendili \e\ah menyaL:lkan dukungannya alas IWljuall~an warga Dumoga. TUlik lTlcngaku ia dan scjumlail perwakilan warga Dumoga hcr<.'ncana menyampaikan l:lllgsung pcrmohonan kc lJephul. Tenlu saja setelah
o Kantor Bolai Tamar. Nasional Bogoni Nani Wortabone. ...-
---
,
bagian warga Dumog
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Tribun Sulut SELASA, 26 SEPTEMBER
2006
Toengkagie: Sama-sama Berjuarig ke Pusat: :\':lsionat
...
Bogani
Nani
Wartabone (BTNBNW) tak blsa mengambll kepulusan
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350 Hektar Areal TNBNW Dijadikan WPR
MANADO-BalaJ Taman
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seputar reneana pembebasan lahan kawasan · taman naslonal. Pembeba-an lahan sebesar 350 hektar untuk dlJadlkan wllayah pertambangan rakyat harus menantl keputusan pusat. Hal terse but dikatakan l Kepala BTNBNW Ir Arlef •Toengkagle kepada war· tawan. Dlakuinya, sekarang Inl ada usulan untuk menJadlka.n 350 kawasan taman nasi anal sebagal "\'ilayah pertambangan. Hanya saja hal tersebut · tldak seeepat membalikkan
telapak tangan. Apalagl, status kawasan TNBNW adalah kaWasan taman naslonal, kawasan konservagI. "Artlnya, harns melalul proses bila Ingln menJadlkall areal pertambangan. Ingat statusnya adalah taman naslonal, tak blsa ada aktlvltas sepertl Itu," uJamya. Prosesnya tambah Toengkagle, harns melalu! persetuJuan pemerlntah pus at. entah Departemen Kehutanan ataupun mekanisme pembahasan DPR-RI. "Kalau memang
ttu diiyakan. dcngan senelirinya 350 hektar dalam kawasan ltu ellberlkan," jelasnya . Karenanya harapnya, stakeholder yang berkepentingan lerhaelap hal tersebut hellelaknya sarna-sarna rnengusulkannya ke Departernen Kehutanan. "Kita sama-salna berharap agar au bisa ellkabulkan." ujarnya. Mantan Kepala Bala! Taman Nasional Bunal
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t ar r-]T'b .r f"dro-'Posko'-]S'vara _ n un 5 UJU.L.lJ\o'O,. i, ~-
DUKUNGAN Pemerintah I
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DUlnoga Cian oeoerapa areal lainny,!. Ambil lilis,,1 tambang ,-akyal yang ada di Tanoyan Sciatan. Kecamatan Loiayan. Pl,n lahao taInbang yang digllnakan sekarang ini masih milik pnbadL r~amun ancaman pcnebangac. liar rnenyentuh areal !:~awasan taman nasionaJ>
K'-"banyakan
balok kayG yang digunakan sebagai tiang pcnyanggah lub"ng tarnbang diambil dari hutan yang bersinggullgan langsung dengan lokasi hutan kon~crvasi ini. Dikuatirkan bila aktivitas seperti ini masih tefl_'S tt:I]'adj, penc-
yang keluar masuk kawasan dalam sebuah aktivilas pertambangan liar. Dari sist ckonomi, masyarakat yang melakukan aktivitas tambang hanya dalum waktu sckcjab bisa. merasakan nikmatnya emas tambangan. Mendulang dolar tergolong cepat. Karena hanya beberapa jam sudah bisa menghasilkan uang.
1 ~lP;yang harns diingat bali".'a. aktivas kenikmatan ~"csaatini bisa menjadi burncrang. Jangankan krisj:.; air, banjir bisa menjadi ancaman berulang-ulang bila hal in! masili d'biarkan. Tak hanya Uu. belakangan ini pun masih menjadi pergulatan yang eukup hebat. sedikitnya ada sekitar 350 hektarlahan
yang diusulkaa menjadj ;:.rcal tambang rak)-';c:!. Pikirkan masak-mas:tk scbclutn Jltclangk;.dl. Jangap. sampai bahayil banjir yang Iebih daltsyal dibanding scbclulnnya Si;:;ji melllluhlantakk"" pelataran Totabuan. Tegakan I'ohon dalam kawasan TNBNW bis;, berpindah tempal di at as rumah pendlldllk.(·)
Ta"6ga1 Bulan Tanun Nomur
Edisi
Halaman 'MallJd"
Post' IKomentarlllTribun
Sulut[~Metro[,' .._:I'osko,r"'Swara KI·taiJKompas'.
.!\'IC 'I"
d'I~l J 1\(j t)n(~~i;}
Tribun Sulut JUMAT, 22 SEPTEMBER
2006
Profil TNBNW Bogani l'\ani Wartabonc yang ditetapkan sesuai Sural KcptHusan
scsuai dcngan lokasi dall lopografinya berfungsi sebagai sumber air dall dacrah langkapan air hagi
Menteri Kehulanan No. 10681Kpts-11I92 tanggal 18 Nopember 1992 sel""" 287 .115 hcktar. sebelumnya dikcnal dengan nama Taman Nasional Bumoga
bcherapa hcndungan scperti Toraul d<.ln Kosil1ggolan. Bcbempa jenis satwa khas d:m
KAWASAN
Taman
Nasional
>
;.
,_, _ /..'
B~(lc. .,' ,:"f- ~ pcrubahan nama ini merupakan salah saru upaya untuk menghonnati pahlawan di Sulawesi Utara. Dengan r:x=nggunaan namapahlawan ini diharapkiJll sccara psikologis dapat menggugah masyarakat setcmpat untuk turnt berpanisipasi aktif dalam
menjaga kelestariannya. Taman Nasional Bogani Nani Wanabone terletak di antara Lembah Dumoga 'Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow sampai Lembah Bone Kabupatcn Gorontal0. Sulawesi Utara. ' Sumbcrdayaalarn hayati taman na"iional terschul bukan saja merupakan aset bagi pembangunan daerah, tetapi bersifat nasional bahkan intemasional. Hal ini dibuktikan bahwa kawasan tersebut mcrupakan peralihan antara Zona Malaysia dan Australia yang dikenal dcngan "Walla""a Are;i'.
Ocngandemikian bJIlyakdijumpai karakteristik dan jenis tumbuhan dan satwa bescrta ckosislemnya. Kecuali itu, kawasan taman nasional kcunikan
,
endcmik
yang ada anUra lain maleo. al10a dan
b:lbi/1lsa.'
J
•., Taman "Nasi(;n;rBogalli
f·ia.;i
W<.Hlab'~)\lc
Il1crupakan rangkai;U1 pehrunungan dati kctingg.j;lIl
50. 1.900 mdpl. mcmocntang dari Bar3t kc Timur
dan dikelilingi otch kmbah-Iemhah yangscmpit dau kreng bukil yang terjal. Puncak gunung yang tinggi antara lain Gunung Kabila (1.735 m), Gunung PadJIlg (1.300 m) di Dumoga dan Gunung GJIllbuw (1.954 m), Gunung Ali (1.945 m) SCrGI Gunung Damar di Bone. Jenis tanahnya scbagian bcsar adalaJl Lato$ol. Batuan induk berasal dari gunung api dan gunung kapur. pada umumnya lapisan tanah atas. makin kc:
Baral makin tipis. Pada urnWTUlyacutah hujan di kawasan ini cukup tinggi dan merala. Antara bulan Nopcmber dan April bertiup angin Utara yJIlg membawa hujan. sedangkan antara bulJIl April dan Nopcmhcr hcniup angin Selatan yang kering. serungga mengalaroi musim k.emarau.(*)
kaw
Tanggal
..~~ . ~
Bulan "fi.-hun
Nomor Edisi Halaman SululLJMetfo[)Posko!,·'iSwara
: ...~~
Kitaf JKompasi
'fribun S~dHt JUMAT, 22 SEPTEMBER
2006
Pemerintah
Tawarkan Solusi AKTIFITAS Plell dalam kawasan diakui TNBNW. sebagai ancaman yang eukup serius untuk kclangslUlgan. habitat kawasan dan dt luar kawasan. Di stsi ekonomi mcmberikan kcuntungan bagi pcnambang. Sedangkan di sist ckologismenyebabkan pcrubahan bentang alamotata guna air tcrganggu. peneemaran tanah. air dan udard. "(ni aneaman yang bisa saja lerjadi dengan adanya aktivitas pertambangan da1amkawasan." ujar KepalaBalai Taman
Nasional
Bogani
Nani W~rtabone
Ir Ari(!f
Tocngkagie. TNBNW sendiri mcmberikan tiga altcrnatif dalam mengatasi persoalan dalam kawasan itu. Mulai dari penegakan hukum. dilakukan operasi aparat. enclave sementara. Pw1 iangkah ini tak bisa dilakukan karena bersinggungan dengan aturan. Langah terakhir adalah melakukan relokasi PE11 dan menjadi areal baru yang, bisa memberikan kesejahteraan lebih. Pun (angkah terakhir ini masili dibarengi dengan langkah idcnUf~i lokasi yang bisa memberikan kesejahteraan lebill bagL penambang dalam kawasan 1NBNW. "Yang harus dilakukan juga adalah bagaimana me1akukan kegiatan rehabilitasi bila rencana relokasiPETI dilakukan: ujarnya. "Krisis air memang menjadi ancaman. Karena air banyak yang masuk dan keluar dari lubang hasil pertambangan .•(.)
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rrribun Suint JUMAT, 22 SEPTEMBER 2006
Keanekaragaman Hayati Flora don Fauna DENGAN kctinggian ya-:lg bcr\'ariasi antara 50 2.00G m dpl. kawasan int rnemiliki beberapa tipe
hutan. Lebih dari 90%. ka· wasan taman
nasional tertutup oleh hulan primer. Sesuai dengan hasil ekspedisi Linnaeus I (1991), di da-
lam kawasan taman nasional lerdapal 216 jenis dart suku
tum-
buhan linggi. 120 jenis pa· ku-pakuan dan 22 jenis suku lumut. Selain itu dijumpai adanya 24 jenis anggrek (ekspedisi Pulri Anggrek I Kabila. 1992). Hal lersebut merupakan lambahan dari jenis yang telah diketahui beberapa lahun lalu yailu lcbih kurang 250 jenis tumbuhan. Kawasan ini juga memiliki beberapa satwa khas SulawesI. Di antaranya mamalia. anoa dalaran rendah (Kubalus depscieornnis). anoa data ran tinggi (Babalus quarlesi), tangkasi (Tarsitis Speelrum), yakis (Maeaea nigra· nigra. Macaea nigreseens). Sedang reftH. yailu ular natnia
(Python
molorus.
Python
rcticularus).
Jents amfibia. yailu kalak darat IBufo eelcbensis), kalak pohon (Phaeophorus montieola). Jenis ayes. yailu maleo (Maeroephalon maleo), dan rangkong Sulawesi (Tylicereos eassidix).(·) Potens! Wisata Alam
I. DiTumokang Kosinggolan: keindahan alam. sumber air panas. keunikan alam dan atraksi (berkemah. !inlas alam. memancing. foto hunting). 2. Oi Toroul. Lombongo.Tambun : danau. air [erjun. keunikan alam. peninggalan budaya. hcrkcmah. mcmaoeinj(.!iolas alam. fotohunting dan herenang. 3. OiHungayonoterdapat batuan stalaktitealsil sem<1Cum kristaJ yang mcngkilat,
sumber
oan t~lTIpatb1rtdur hurung mako
air panas
_--_
•.
..
TanggaI Bulan Tahun Nomor Edisi Haldf'"ln ~danado Post
G Komentar
: I Tribufl Sulut
,tvktro
Rabu, 20 SCI'tcmh<':f 2006
~---
Arif Beri Lampu Hijau mcnurut kami. berpeluang besar unluk diselujui apalagi pemerinlah, dalam hal ini eksekuUr dan legislaUf sudah menyelujuinya dnegan pembenlukan Urn gabunganyang akan memperjuangkan aspiras! tcrsebul ke p"sat: kata Tlmgkagi. Lcbih lanjut dijelaskan. mengubah rungsi kawasa!1 taman "asional adalan kewcnangan dari Menleri Kehutanan dan DPR Rl. Pihaknya hanya memfasilitasi aspriasi dar~ warga Dumo~a yang Lclah didukung Pemkab dan Dckab BolrnongJtus)
,
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; F'osko . Swara Kita ' . Kompas
KOMENTAR
Kotamobagu. KOMENTAR Warga Dumoga bolch berlega menyusul pernyalaan Kepala Balai Taman Nasional Dumoga Nani Warlabone, Ir Aricf Tungkagi, bahwa pcrmintaan untuk melepas 250 Tibu hektar kawasan hutan lindung unluk dijadikan WPR bcrpeluang besar unluk diselujui pusat. Scbab pihaknya juga Lelah mcmbcrikan rekomendasi untuk sclanjutnya disampaikan kc DPR RI. ~Usulan warga Dumoga akan dikaji dan ditinjau dart scgi pcmanfaatannya. Dan
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Komcntar
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METRO' Robu • 20 September.
Tribun Sulut
Metro~ i Pasko! ' SW31'a Kita
2006
Pemprop diminlo turun Icngan
Illegal Logging Marak di Taman Nasional Bogani METRO.Manado-Kondisi Taman Naslonel Bogani Non; Wortobone semakin memprihalinkan. Aktivilas Penombangan EmasTanpa I,in (PHi). iIIegal/ogging don perambahan huton mosih terJadi. Balai loman Nosionol befhOtop dukungan pemprop, !carena seloma inl instonsi teknis Pemprop Sulut terkeson minim memberikan perhatian' terhadop kerusakan yang diatom! Toman Nasionol Nonl Wartabone. Diokui KQpolo Boiol Toman Nasionai Boganl Nanl Wartabone Ir Arief Toengkagie. aktivltas-aktivitas yang merusak taman noslana! mosih terus terjadl. Sehingga. dompok kerusokon Iingkungon yang terjadi dolom kawasan belum teratasl. 'Karenanyo kila berharap dukungan pemprop dalam menga/asi hallni. Korena pemprop juga termasuk stakeholder dl dolomnyo: ujarnya. 80gaimono dengon slJmbongsih Polda Sulul sendlri. Menurutnyo. aporot kepolision terus memberikon peron dolom
pengamanan kawason termasuk menellslk siapa·slapo soja yang berperon di dolomnyo. 'Yong pasti boloi bekerjo soma dengon pihok kepollsion 10kpondong bulu dolom mengomonkon kowason in\: ujarnya,
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Tanggal Ilulan Tahun Nomor Edisi Halaman
.J
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Sulut
Metro
Poskoll Swara Kith
SWARA KITA KAMIS 21 SEPTEMBER 2006
80al Retribusi di Tanoyan
Gun: Ak~n Saya Tertibkan Kotamobagu--/\danya rctrihusi yang diduga hanya ocrdas;u'kan kcscpakatan oknum ler1entu di Dinas Pertambangan dan I:ncrgi (Distambcn) Bolmong, diakui Kepala DislamOC.Jl, GUll Lapadcngan SH untuk segcraditerlibkan ... I(",ou hen'" "da rctribusi yang ditarik tanpa dasar hukum yangjdas, rnaka itu akan saya lcrtibkan,"katanya kctika dihubUllgi I-Iarian ini. barn-barn. Menurul'l...apadcngan, rct.ibusl yang ditarik kcpada pard pemilik !JOffiol dan lllngsianida di lok,L<;j[Cltambangan Tanoyan, bcrdasarbn jX'ratUldJ1 d:.lcrah (pcrda) nomoI' 25 tahun 2001. B'csar:1II rctribusi illl, mcnurut Lapadcngan, adalah 5 rx:rscn d;u; h:lrgaJII
ini mcngaku
sangal kccil. .' Disana banyak tromal yang bcroperasi, tapi tcrus tcrang sJja. y,lng bayar retribusi itu hanya dua orang."lIllgkapnyil scrnbari mcnyebutdua nama pemilik tromol dall!Ollg sianida itu.(jcdc)
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-Tribun Sulut SENIN, 18 SEPTEMBER 2006
Pertambangan Kian Marak di Tanoyan Pasokan Air Bersih Terancam zat-zat KOTAMOBAGU -Paso- menggunakan kan Air bersih bagi petani berbahaya yang digunakan yang ada di Desa Tanoyan dalam proses pertambaKecarnatan Lolayan Kota- ngan seperti bahan kimia mobagu semakin terancarn Merkuri dan Sianida yang mcnyusul maraknya per- bisa mengancarn kesehatan masyarakat. tambangan di wilayah Scmentara itu dart hasil tersebut. langsung di Kawasan Tanoyan sen- pantauan dirt saat ini sedang marak kawasan pertambangan tetjadi penggalian tambang tersebut limbah dart hasil pertambangan oleh masyarakat sekitar proses yang didukung oleh Pe- tersebut hanya dibuang merintah daerah yang seeara sembarangan yang sangat berpotensi mengmelegalkan penambangan dilakukan dengan adanya akibatkan tereemarnya air kebijakan pemelintah soal di kawasan tersebut. Hal ini seperti pengPAD. dari beberapa Hal ini justru mengan- a«uan carn keberadaan dart para petani yang mengungpetani padi yang berada di kapkan tetjadinya penukawasan Tanoyan karena ronan hasH sawah mereka tcrancamnya pasokan air karena adanya kegiatan bersih untuk dialirkan ke pertambangan yang ada di sawah
mereka
karcna
kawasan tersebut.
Dijelaskan oleh para kegiatan proses tarnbang . petani semenjak adanya tersebul. pertambangan yang ada di Apalagi di kawasan kawasan mercka terjadi pertambangan tersebut penurunan hasH yang para penambang sudah
,
cukup signiflkan akibat dari kesulitan air yang diakibatkan oleh penurunan
debit air bersih
yang tersedia. Semen tara itu peran pemelintah sendiri justru mendukung kegiatan tam bang yang ada di Kawasan Tanoyan dengan melegalkan pertarnbangan lewat bagi hasil lewat penyetoran PAD kepada Dinas terkait tanpa pemikiran tentang dampak lain yang akan tetjad i.(isa)
"
Tanggal Bulan Tahull
Nomor Edi~i Halaman
;r.ErRO • f~{Jbu • 18 Oktober • 2006
-- -- ---.~-------Mendulang unlung, merusak lingkungan?---.~@tret KeberClldaan PEn di Lokasi KawasCllii 1'N..~nlIWi:l) 3E'3~J,M li<15.;!imestig2si melalui
illl;I\'ng:
baieng s~jumlJh
warta-
r.ari bec~)l}gai media bersama Yii~';ls;;;nIt'Slilfi, sedikitnya ada >','.1:1
ataupun_difakukan bermaksud ~ melakukan penelitian satwa ende-
demf mendClpatkall sf:s~mp r.2:3i, relokasikelahan
lainnya, dengan memperhatikan mik atau kajian lImiah lainnya, untungrugin~'aterhadapkonservasi :<;;':;;.iir ~)00 IUb3ng yang digali haru:i mer.gantongi izir:., K2lu tidak Hngkungali alam itu sendiri. '~
,
terpaksa
kegiat;:n menamban~
dalam kawasan ilu, dilakuio:an. ~ema~g sai!gat .di!ematis. P?_ S2!nyn, jlka Pemc:nni.;jh mc.ma~·· sa mereka (PET!, red, kelu3T cari kawasan, makCi djpa::.ti\or.a~ak.21i menimbulkan gejolak ekonomi sosial, Namun sebatiknya. kala~J aktivitas ptnamoangan it!J tmu::: dibialkan. alam akan 'berMial-:' sehingga
bencafliJ bailjir
t~k
lerelakan lagi. Fakta ini merupakan fL'iltoh kasus yang menantan~ Peffie· rintah sebag3i kadir..~ 50r.fO
r
l1ntuk rnaflltilJ rr,e!1yd~;~iv.",\ persc,l!an ini, ~ehi:"1t?giJ;lehto· tarian alam t('lap tr:;j~iga tG!Jpi;; mengabaikan kepl!i1~irlb3n t;iJj.)~
hidup rakyatnya. Semog:3!'.'"/!o~F:_:
"
SWARA KITA RABU 20 SEPTEMBER
2006
~~
Retribusi di Tanoyan
Mekanismenya Tak Jelas • Kadistamben Bolmong Sebut Berdasar Perda 25/2001, " Nacnun Akui tak Ada Kontrol Lewat Petugas di Lapangan .0 Gubernur: Silakan Tarik Retribusi Asal Ada Payung Hukum yang Jelas
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llolmong-Retribu~i bagi pcmilik mesin pengolan em as di Desa 1aoo)'3.0 Kecamatan Lolayan Bolmong, tern)'ata masih ruwel. Mekanisme penarikan retribusi yang menurut pihak Dinas Pertambangan dan Energi (Distamben) Bolmong berdasar Perda 25 Tahun 200 I iru tak diiringi dengan kontrol di lapangan. Hal ini diakui Kadistamben Bo\mong Gun Lapadengan SH. '" "Kalau dibilang tak ada landasan hukum. tidak juga. Karena retribu~ itu kami lakukan berdasarkan Perda 25/2001. Soal itu wk diketahui DPRD Bolrnoog. kamL.s.endiri tak tahu kenapa sampai begitu. Cuma rnemang kami tak punya tugas unruk mengontrol langsung di lapangan," katanya. Lapadengan menyebut untuk pena'rikan retribusi didasarkan pada 5% darl total produksi. "Jadi tidak langsung ditunjuk Rp2jutnltong sianida. Cuma, ya itu tadi. kami tidak memiliki . petugas yang mengrontol di lapangan untuk memastikan benar tidaknya hasil total produksi mereka. Jadi, selama ini cuma
bcrdasarkan pongakuan pemilik Rctribusi ... dari Halaman 1 tong ntau tromol saja:' akunya,: Nnmunjika tidak, maka Dinasl d"l"m menjalankan tugas dan Namun, L;]p:mgnn memban- ; lnsransi secempat harus rnem· !anggung jawab harus berdatah jika banya~ yang s~dn.h. pertanggungjawabkan kepada sarkan aturan hukum yang mcmbayar. "Dar.l ?3ta karnl, ha- ,masyarakat. "Se~~namya, say a m~njadi sandaran peningkaw.n nyanda dua pemlhk tromoly.m~ rasn.tidak mungkinkalaudalam balk pembangunan maupun sudah membayar, Banyak dan, suatu penarikan pajak tidak SDM setempat," jelas SarundapemiJikjuslru belum membayar, didasarkan dengan aturan. Itu jang. retribusi ini," pungkasnya. : scroua ada mekanisme hukumGubernur juga meminta agar HARVS) nya. Pendek k~_ta. Pemerintah pihak-pihak yang terkaitjangan
dugaan penarigelap" di lokasi perrambangan rakyat Desa Tnnoyan Kecamatan lolayan Bol· mongo yang ditengarai melibatkan Distamben Bolmong. ter- I nyata menarik perhntian Pernprov Su!ue Gubemur Sulut Sinyo Harry Sarundajang yang ditemui Swara Kita, Selasa (19/9) kemarin usai pembahasan persiapan HUT Provinsi ke-42 mengatakan, apabila berdasarknn . aturan aWu memiliki pa)'ung hukum yang jel.as. izin yang diberlakukan kepada penambang emas di Desa Tanoynn sah~snh snja. Baca: Retrlbusl (Halama" 2)
~l~'
u
mengambil sutau t'indakan tanpa melihat bemuk kesepakatnn awal. Alasannya, yang namanya komitmen jelas harus didasari dengan hukum yangjelas pula. "Soal komitmen, i~uh
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"Meski begitu, di mann nornor 22 tahun 2003 itu sang at • Pemkab dan Dewan merelevan. ngadakan rap at paripurna soal Apa yang menjadi resiko dari laperan pertanggung jawaban suatu pengambilan kebijakan, APBD yang s\ld.h termasuk sepenuhnya merupakan wewedalam dengan PAD, Pemprov naog dari pemerintahan setemtetap akan memantau dan pat. Kendati demikian kata Gumengnw3sinya," tandas Gubernur. Pemprov akan tetap bernur.(erka) melakukan pengawasan ketat.
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Tanggal Bulan Tahun Nomor
:
Edisi
Halaman I Manado
I'ost!"\ KomentarLlTribun
SulutUMetro!
IposkoliSwara
.
~
.
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:...... ···oq~··aki;,;~; , L ..
Kita!"· Kompas!
; ~kdi.l
I"d"",':,;.!
Paru '" dari Halaman 1 Cuaca kemarau panjang {~IK pernah didcra hujtJl1 rornbongan tim dari yayasan LCSlari
l('mpa!
h.. T1ll11~;i;ii
Proses
r~ll;Ul1b:!r,~~;t\' ""'I;I~
harus mclalui m~dan mcnanjak
wasan hutan. jUg;1 bcnlanf!an kJw;Jsan
dan bcrbuk;t
bcrdcbu
rckaL
Memasuki areal t<.lmbang. nampak macam-macam hangunan sedcrhan~{ bera(ap bcrancka warna.
tapal
Tambang Tomut adalah sebu<Jh lahan sclujs 350 hcklar yang menyimpan kckayaan logam mulia di dalamnya. Karcna itu-
lah sejak era 70·ao hingga saat
Nasional
JllCr;"l!J;lh '[:lnl:ll1
ini. Bukliny;l Icrlil;at
pada sejumlah h)Ltsi yang okh rcnamhang din;u,ubn SUPI:i-bus<.l. Beringin. nIl. CIJ\1-ClJp. Bibir Mcrah, I)(lmatll.l_cmb;\h Sunyi, yang b':11;lbman lobil~-
lob
salu
~ pc-
nambang liar, hukum rimba adalah pegangan mereka selama ini.
rambah lahan Tol'Out. :,cmpat mcnjclasbm k:r;aim:m:! kerja mcreka sCliap !l;\ri int:n!lL~alj lobang dcmi [otJang llililik mengcjar rcp C!~I;J\ cl)ki
Dimulai dari pondok peristirahatan para pcndulang: pcrjalanan kumpulan kuli tinta ber-
apabila pengopcrasian :icjak tahun 1996, bisa ditcbak hcrapJ
sarna yayasan I....cstari meninjau
panjang
penambang yang semen tara mempcrjuangkan hektar TNBNW unruk disahkan men· jadi lahan PSK atau Pcnambang Skala Kecil yang legal. Menyusuri lercng yang berdcbu dengan rutinitas yang tinggi dan 4 ribuan orang yang berada di lokasi ini, membual lokasi
parit di dacrah ini.
ini sudah puluhan rinu warga, baik dari Sulut maupun luar . daerah. tertarik merumbah lahan
ini untuk menggaruk tanah inci demi inci untuk mcndapatkan emas" Hamrir dapal dikatakan ini adalah wilayah yang "tidak" tcrscntuh hukum. karena dcmi emas banyak korban jiw3 yang bertumbangan. Bagi para pe-
:x: tamh.mg nampak ,<:;eperti kOla
j
lJ.-
ma tel;'lh Illcl1!~uIJ~·)~;-{IL,;." ki-
kccil di tengah hutan konservasi. Padahal menurut UtI Jlomor 9 tahun 1990. kawasan scpcrti ini tidak hisa dilJlui. apalagi digaruk at au dijadibn
menggali
sepertr
ill!, hcr<1rti
tCrowollgan
mallpun
"Kalau dalam keadaan sunyi penambang yang ada hanya sckitar 4 ribuan, tapi kalau ada yang mendapalkan h:Jsil yang bcsar makajulTJ!Jh p~naml)anf_~ akan mcmbludak hin~?a () ribuan orang." ungkq~ j·lJJ1J1 i Momonto. lll:!l:1:ill :lrl~:~'.I;I:! Dewan Holmong dilr; F'lk.~i PDIP. DcngJIl kckll:l!an ~qY':11i ini dipaslikan P;II'U· [litH! dllnia scpet1i T:llnan N~!si(,t1;ll n(,)~lani N<Jnl \Vartahot1l' tdah rll<::,k dalam(*)
Tanggal Bulan Tahur. Nornor Edisi Halilman
M.lnado
Post:"1KanH~ntarl.1Tribun
METllO • Senin • 16 Oktober
•
SulutlMetra!_
: ·
··
~~-;;.;..
1Pasko I i5wara Kita :Kompds'
-_._. --Mendulang untungr merusak Iingkungan?--
Potrel Keberadaan PET. di Lokasi Kawasan TN·BNW(1)
-
yayasan lestar; selama dua had. yang dimulai sejak Jumat (13/ pada pertengallan tahun ini. Be- 10) lalu. Singkat cerita. raut tum lagi pengaruh negaUlnya ter- alam TN-BNW dl salah satu hadap bencana ekologi lainnya, gugusan benteng bioderversity daerah 'lumbung Beras' tersebut. termasuk perubahan bentang alam, serta tercemarnya kondisi telah usang, layu bercampur 'Iesu' tanah, air dan udara dengan mer- dan tidak lagi memancarkan kuri dan sianida yang sering digu~ wajah 'cantiknya.' Ironisnya 'agi, nakan dalam proses pengolahan tuntutan warga setempat untuk has!1 tam bang (batu rep) untuk menjadikan 350 hektar lahan mendapatkan kandungan emas di dari totalluas kawasan sebesar dalamnya. Hal tersebut juga, 287.115 hektar yang ada, guna dijadikan Wilayah Pertambangan secara langsung akan memberi· kan ancaman serius bagi kese- Rakyat (WPR), semakin mehatan manusia yang bermukim di nambah tekanan menurunnya (degradasi) mutu kawasan iinkompleks lokasi bersangkutan. Potret buram keberadaan TN-BNW dung yang nota bene berfungsi ini terkuak melalul kegiatan hun- sebagai penyanggah sistem ting bareng oleh sejumlah Warta- ekologis daerah Bolmong khuwan dari berbagai media bersama susnya,llN,..m_ulIC)
,
.
flS"1t Eli.ii; .J.. ..
: •.......•..
2OJ6
METRO, Manado • Taman Nasiooal8ogani Nani Wartabone (TN-BNW) yang terletak di Bolmong tepatnya di Dumoga, merupakan salah satu kawasan hutan yang semestinya dilindungi, kini terancam hancur akibat aktivitas liar Penambang Emas Tanpa Izin (PElI) di areal tersebut. Dari sisi lingkungan hidup. han· curnya kawasan hutan Iindung akan berdampak buruk terhadap kehidupan ekosistem yang ada di sekitarnya, termasuk perada· ban warga setempat serta biasa~ nya bagi kepentingan umum. Hal menakutkan yang bakal berlaku akibat tandusnya kawasan ter~ sebut, tidak lain adalah terjadinya bencana banjir bandang susulan, seperti pengalaman
'"
:J.~of~Jjiw. .]' ~;> ,to
f\'1l'diJ
...
I ndnoe-:;'i;l
Tanggal Bulan Tahun Nomor Edisi Halaman Manod" Posl! :Komenlar,:Tribun
Sulull [Melro:
[PoskollSwara
ta
:::::~::::::::::::::: ::ii>~S:Jlrt~X::::: : J.:':" ..~ .
KilallKompas
,Media Indonesia
SWARA KITA SENIN 18 DESEMBER 2006
Dari Hunting Bareng Yayasan Lestari~Media
Mencari Solusi Tambang Emas Ramah. Lingkungan (peti) di kawasan konscrvasi abm Taman Nasional Bogani Nani
Wanabone (TNB·NW) yang terlemk di Kabupo.ten Bolmong, seakan~akan tak berujung.
ado. di Sulur teiJh mc\akukan
peninjau~n clan melihat sbcarJ langsung kegiatan di Lok<1si Penamb:mgan Liar yang telah menelan seluas 3'50 hcktar dan ribuan h~ktar Taman Nasional
Kendali Pemerintah Kabupatcn BOQ:ani Nani Wartabone tCTsebut. . (pemkab) Bolmong telah turun . Menindaklanj"uti pcninjauan tangan untuk mengatasi hal itll, lerscbut, Sabtu \ 16112) pekan lalu. namun hingga kini pcngrusakan . Y<1yasari Les"tari di h:l\vJh lingkungan itu bclum juga pilllpillal~ Senior Editor R:.t)'1Jl()11J ditemukan solusinyo.. Mudamf bersama sejumlah Beberapa wakw lalu, Yayasan wJJ1Jwan.melakukan pel1cmuan Uputan Lestari, lembaga yang sangat Ronald Rompas, dengan Pemk.;,\b Bolmong. gun~\ konsisten dalam hal memperha~ me1akukan pembahasan [cntang Kotainobagu tikan masalah-masalah lingku~ \ men ear! sol US! tambang em.:l5ngan, bersama-sama dengan MASALAH pertambangan liar )iang ramah akan lingkungan. sejumlah wartawan dari berbagai yang masih terus dilakoni Baca: ~12nc2ri (Ha!oman 2 ) McdiaCctak dan Elektronik yang sejum\
.<
,
'.
Tanggal Bulan Tahun Nomor
•
Edisi
Halaman ~lanado
Post
'Komentad
'Tribun
Sulut
'Metro'
'Posko!
:Swara
· · ..· · ·
Kit,' Kompas
Mencari ... dari Halaman 1 Scbab. pcnambangan liar yang dilakukan di kawasan TNBN\V tcrscbUl, scring mengguIlakan scjumlJh bahan-bahan kimitl yang bcrbahaya dan dapat
koordinasi
dong"n
p;"h-ak
Departemcn Lingkungan hidup untuk melakukan sejumlah pro~ gram dan kajian guon mengatasi
masalah pencemaran yang dimencemari dan mcrusak Iing~ akibatkan aktivitas Peti tersebut. Karena memang, sampai kungan hid up, semisal bahan B3 dan Merkuri serta bahan saat ini kita belum menemukan kajian yang benar-benar akurat Si~mida. untuk mengukur scbcrapajauh Kepa1a Badan Pcngendalian yang Dampak Lingkungan Daerah dampak pencemaran (Bapedalda) Ir Hi Moh Hardi ditimbulkall o1ch Peti hingga saat ini," ujarnya. Mokodompit dalam pertemuan Sementara untuk pcnggunairu, sempat ditanyakan sejauh an sejumlah bahan B3 yakni mana penanganan tcrhadap pencemaran tingkungan yang bahan Merkuri dan Sianida, mengatakan, ada di wilayah Bolmong akibat Mokodompit pihaknya sampai saat ini hanya penggunaan bahan-bahan memiliki kewenangan untuk berbahaya oleh para penambang, serta upaya dan solusi melakukan pengawasan terhayang akan dilakukan oleh pihak dap pcnggunaan-penggunaan Pemkab Bolmong untuk me- bahan-bahan lersebut. Sedangkan untuk penyeluran alau ngalasi permasalah ini. lerMenurut Mokodompil, ten- penjualan bahan-bahan tang peneemaran yang ada di sebut, pihaknya tidak memiliki kawasan pertambangan liar wewenang untuk melakukan bata san. lersebut, pihaknya telah mela- pembatasan-pem kukan sosialisasi kepada ma- Pasalnya. kewenangan tcrsesyarakat yang melakukan pe- but berada ditangan instansi Dinas Perdagangan dan Perinnambangan dikawasan tersedustrian (Diperindag) Pemkab but haruslah menggunakan Bolmong. "Memang telah terbahan-bahan yang ramah lingkungan. Selain itujuga, pi- jadi beberapa kasus pencehaknya saat ini sementara rriela- maran yang diakibatkan oleh penggunaan bahan-bahan kukan pengkajian terh ..dap tersebut di wilayah Bolmong dampak pencemaran lingkungan akibat aktivitas pen am- ini. Namun, kalau itu digunak.an b;ingan liar terscbut. "Saal ini, oleh para penambang yang legalitasnya jclas. itu bagi kita kila seme,nlara me.lak~k.an mudah untuk dilakukan pengawasan. Ak~n lctapi. Pc~i
,
ini kan merupakan pcnambang yang ilcgal. maka susah untuk dilakukan kontrol tcrhadap pcnggunaall-pcngguna:ln bahan~bahan bcrbahaya terscbut." jelas Mokodompit. Lcbih lanjul Mokodnmpit menjclaskan. untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permnsu lah tersebut, pihak Pembh Bnlmong saat ini sement:U3 ml...'rencanakan scjumlah solusi. So!usi yang pertama adalah. pihak pemerintah mcrencanakan untuk mcmberikan legalitas terhadap para penamabang di kawasan TN-BNW mengingat hal ini menyangkut kebutuhan masyarakat banyak. Sedangkan sol us; yang kedua adalah memindahkan lokasi penambang liar tcrsebut kc wilayah yung lain diluar TN-BNW. "Untuk solusi yang pertama, lenlinya hal tersebul harus melalui kajian dan ijin dari pihak pemerintah pusat dan DPR-RI, sebab kawasan tersebut mcrupakan kawasan konscrvasi alam. Sedangkan untuk solusi yang kedua, pemerinlah daerah memang hams mencari kawasan untuk merelokasi para penambang ini. Atau pilihan yang ketiga yakni penghcntian secara paksa," kalanya. Namun untuk menjalankan ketiga pihhan tersebul, pihaknya tcntu mem,?rlukan dana
-.-
. .
- .. ,_ . .
.
Media
!nd",w,i"
yang cukup bcs~ll'.Mulai Jari pengkajiannya kctiga pilihan tcrscbut scrta untuk pcngadaan alat-alat pcngllji ullluk lndakllkan pcngawasJn tcrllJJap jalannya pcnambangan yang dilakukan olch masyarak:ll tcrsebut. "Kc(iga
pilihan
tcrsebul
me-
mang diakui bdum begitu cfckliv untuk mcncegah tcrjadinya pcnccmaran dan pcngl1Js:.lkkan Jingkungan. Untuk itu. pcmcTintah dacrah tclah mcnyiapkan sejumlah dana yakni umuk alatalat pcngujian tclah disiapkan dana sebcsar kurang lebih Rp 300 juta. Scdangkan untuk kescluruhun pcnanganan pcnccmaran lingkungan hidup, pemerintah tclah mcnyiapkan dana kurang lebih I miliar pada anggaran APBD 2007 nami," tuturnya. Pertemuan kemudian dilakukan dengan pihak Disperindag Pemkab Bolrnong. Karena, instansi ini yang tahu persis mckanisme perdagangan bahanbahan B3 atau Mcrkuri dan Sianida. Yang menurut illformasi yang didapat, penjualan bahan-bahan ini di wilayah Bolmong eukup bob"s. l.luktinya, para penambang liar bisa mendapatkan bahan-bahan ini dalamjurnlah yang cukup bcsar dalam menunjang aktivil
·'
Tanggal !lul.1n Tahun Nomor Edisi Halaman
•
Manado
Post'
:Komenlar: tambang. Yayasan sejumlah
'Tribun
Sulul
iMelro,,:Poskoi:Swara
Di instasi ini. tirn Lestari bersama w:.rrlawan
menemui
Kcpala Suh Bidllng Perdagangan J)~:;pcrin(bg Pcmkab 13olmong lr GED Tanor. Menurut Tanor, pcnjualan bahan-hahan 83 sopert; Merkur; dan Sianida memang telah diatur d31am pt:ralUran dan kctctapan Menlcri Perdagangan. Yang menyatakan bahwa, bahan*b::ahan terscbut dapat dijual kcpuda pihak-pihak yang memiliki ijin penggunaan yang jclas, Scbab, bahan-bahan tcrscbut juga sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat yang melakukan kegiatan-kcgiatan dengan mcndapat pengawsan yang cukup ketal. Akan tetapi, pad a kenyataailnya, bahanbahan terscbut sering dijual d.n disalahgunakan olch pihakpihak lcr~entu. "Menurut keputusan Ivlcmeri Tahun 2006 ten tang pcnggunaan bahanbahan ini, tetah ditunjuk distributor pcnyaluran bahan· bahan ini. Mckanismenya, dari distributor langsung menjuat secara langsung ke pengguna. ltulah yang sebenarnya yang mcnjadi kcndala bagi kita yang ada di unit-unit perdagangan:' kata Tanar. Unruk iw, lanjutny", pihaknya telah mclakukan sejumlah .pengawasz.n tcrhadap pcnjua-
,
Kila' 'Kompas
Ian bahan--bahan inl oleh sejumlah pcnjualan yang dilakukan olch pihak-pihak yang ditunjuk langsung nIeh pihak Distributor dalam hal ini pihak PPI Manado yang 'ditunjuk nlch Sural Keputusan Menleri. "Gulla untuk mencegah terji1dinya perluasan penggunaan bahanbahan ini terutama dalam hal pcngrusakkan lingkungan. pihaknya tclah mcnyiapkan aturan-aturan dan perijinan bagi para penggun<:.n maupun pcnjuaL Sebab, dari jumlah yang diarahkan untuk wilayah Kabupatan Bolmong sebanyak 2,5 ton untuk bahan Sianida dalam waktu 'ctiap 2 bulan, Sedangkan. untuk Merkun ridak ada," tandasnya. Mengenai adanya bahan mcrkuri yang heredar di wilayah Kabupaten Bolmong, pihaknya sampai saat ini sementara mcncari dari mana asal bahan terscbut "Upaya yang dilakukan olch pihak Pcmcrintah Dacrah saat ini adalah dengan mengharusk.an para perusahaan yang menggunakan bahan-bahan B3, untuk mcmasukan laporan penggunaan-penggunaan bahan-bahan tersebut sctiap bulannya, Jika kedapata ada yang mclanggar ketentuan yang berlaku. maka pihaknya akan mengenakan sangsi tegas bagi para pengusaha-pengusaha yang menggunakan bahan-bahan tersebut diluar kctcntu~n:' jclas Tanor.(*)
Media
Indonesi.,