LANDASAN KONSEPTUAL PERANCANGAN TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur Periode Februari 2016
SIRKUIT MOTOCROSS DI TABANAN
Oleh : I MADE ADI GUNAWAN 1204205018
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA FAKULTAS TEKNIK JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR (REGULER) 2016
LANDASAN KONSEPTUAL PERANCANGAN TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur Periode Februari 2016
SIRKUIT MOTOCROSS DI TABANAN
Oleh : I MADE ADI GUNAWAN 1204205018
Dosen Pembimbing: Prof. Ir. Ngakan Putu Sueca, MT.,PhD. Ir. I Nyoman Surata, MT.
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA FAKULTAS TEKNIK JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR (REGULER) 2016
KATA PENGANTAR Om Swastyastu , Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadapan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena berkat rahmat Beliaulah , Landasan konsepsual perancangan Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan dapat diselesaikan tepat pada waktunya. Dimana hal ini merupakan salah satu persyaratan bagi mahasiswa jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana untuk dapat mengikuti program akhir di jenjang pendidikan yang ditempuh. Sebagaimana telah disadari sepenuhnya bahwa dalam penyusunan laporan ini masih terdapat kekurangan-kekurangan atau masih jauh dari sempurna, karena keterbatasan kemampuan yang dimiliki jika dibandingkan dengan pengetahuan yang ada, walaupun demikian penulis tetap berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk menyusun laporan ini. Dalam penyusunan laporan ini, penulis juga ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang kepada berbagai pihak yang membantu penyusunan baik dengan memberikan petunjuk, saran serta bimbingan. Pihak-pihak tersebut diantaranya : 1. Bapak Prof.Ir. Ngakan Putu Gede Suardana,MT., Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana ; 2. Dr.Ir.Anak Agung Ayu Oka Saraswati.,MT. selaku Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana ; 3. Bapak Dr. Ir. Syamsul Alam Paturusi, MSP. Selaku Dosen Koordinator beserta Prof.Dr.Ir. I Putu Rumawan Salain, MSi., Prof.Ir. Ngakan Putu Sueca, MT., Ph.D., Ir. Ciptadi Trimarianto, Ph.D., Ir. Ida Bagus Ngurah Bupala, MT., dan Ni Made Swanendri, ST., MT. Selaku tim dosen pengampu Seminar Tugas Akhir; 4. Bapak Prof.Ir. Ngakan Putu Sueca, MT.,Ph.D., selaku Dosen Pembimbing I atas bimbingan dan masukannya dalam menyelesaikan laporan ini ; 5. Bapak Ir. I Nyoman Surata, MT. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II atas bimbingan dan masaukannya dalam menyelesaikan laporan ini ;
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6. Kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyusunan dan penyelesaian tugas ini. Sebagai akhir penulis tidak lupa mohon kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun sehingga nantinya dapat mengantarkan penulis kearah pembenahan penulisan di waktu-waktu mendatang, Penulis juga ingin meminta maaf apabila dalam penyusunan laporan ini , ada pihak-pihak yang merasa tersinggung atau lain sebagainya. Akhir kata penulis ucapkan terima kasih , Om Shanti Shanti Shanti Om Denpasar, 19 April 2016 Penyusun,
I Made Adi Gunawan 1204205018
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DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................................i DAFTAR ISI ...........................................................................................................................iii DAFTAR GAMBAR ...............................................................................................................v
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Brlakang ...............................................................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah..........................................................................................................3 1.3 Tujuan............................................................................................................................4 1.4 Metode Penelitian ..........................................................................................................4 BAB II PEMAHAMAN TERHADA SIRKUIT MOTOCROSS 2.1 Pemahaman Terhadap Sirkuit ...................................................................................7 2.1.1 Pengertian Sirkuit ..............................................................................................7 2.1.2 Identifikasi Jenis-Jenis Serta Fungsi Sirkuit Balap Motor Sesuai Jenis Kejuaraanya .......................................................................................................8 2.2 Spesifikasi/ Standar Sirkuit Motocross ......................................................................9 2.2.1 Lintasan .............................................................................................................9 2.2.2 Rintangan.........................................................................................................16 2.2.3 Fasilitas Penunjang dan Pemasangan Instalasi Sirkuit Motocross ..................18 2.2.4 Persyaratan Umum Rancangan........................................................................23 2.3 Pemahaman Terhadap Motocross............................................................................24 2.3.1 Pengertian Motocross ......................................................................................24 2.3.2 Peraturan Dalam Motocross ............................................................................25 2.4 KajianTerhadap Proyek Sejenis ..............................................................................27 2.4.1 Sirkuit Motocross Pangkung Tibah , Kabupaten Tabanan ..............................27 2.4.2 Sirkuit Motocross Perancak , Kabupaten Jembrana ........................................29 2.4.3 Sirkuit Motocross Lamantuha,Kalimantan Tengah.........................................31 2.4.4 Kesimpulan Terhadap Objek Sejenis ..............................................................34
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2.5 Spesifikasi Umum Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan ..................................................36 2.5.1 Pengertian ........................................................................................................36 2.5.2 Fungsi Sirkuit Motocross.................................................................................36 2.5.3 Tujuan..............................................................................................................36 2.5.4 Fasilitas-fasilitas Sirkuit Motocross ................................................................36 2.5.5 Persyaratan Lokasi...........................................................................................37 2.5.6 Civitas..............................................................................................................37 2.5.7 Aktivitas kegiatan yang diwadahi....................................................................37 2.5.8 Sistem Pengelolaan Sirkuit Motocross ............................................................38 BAB III STUDI PENGADAAN SIRKUIT MOTOCROSS 3.1 Prospek Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan .........................................................................39 3.1.1 Penduduk dan Populasi.......................................................................................41 3.1.2 Peraturan-Peraturan Daerah................................................................................42 3.1.3 Jumlah Team Motocross.....................................................................................43 3.1.4 Jumlah Peminat Olahraga Motocross .................................................................44 3.1.5 Jumlah Sirkuit Motocross.......................................................................................44 3.1.6 Jadwal Event Motocross Tahun 2015 PengProv IMI Bali ................................45 3.2 Analisa SWOT Perencanaan Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan ......................................47 3.2.1 Potensi (Strength) ...............................................................................................47 3.2.2 Hambatan/Kelemahan (Weakness) .....................................................................48 3.2.3 Peluang (Opportunity) ........................................................................................48 3.2.4 Tantangan (Threatening) ....................................................................................49 3.3 Kesimpulan dan Strategi Pemecahan analisa SWOT ..................................................49 3.4 Spesifikasi Khusus Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan .......................................................51 3.5.1 Pengertian Sirkuit Motocross..............................................................................51 3.5.2 Fungsi Sirkuit Motocross....................................................................................51 3.5.3 Tujuan .................................................................................................................52 3.5.4 Sasaran ................................................................................................................52 3.5.5 Fasilitas ...............................................................................................................53 3.5.6 Sistem Pengelolaan .............................................................................................53 3.5.6 Struktur Organisasi .............................................................................................53
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BAB IV TEMA DAN PEMROGRAMAN RUANG 4.1 Tema rancangan ..............................................................................................................56 4.1.1 Pengertian Tema .................................................................................................56 4.1.2 Pendekatan Tema................................................................................................57 4.1.3 Penentuan Tema..................................................................................................58 4.1.4 Penerapan Tema..................................................................................................59 4.2 Program Fungsional ........................................................................................................59 4.2.1 Identifikasi Fungsi Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan..............................................59 4.2.2 Identifikasi Civitas/Pelaku Kegiatan ..................................................................60 4.2.3 Aktivitas/Kegiatan ..............................................................................................61 4.2.4 Kebutuhan ruang berdasarkan Fungsi , Civitas dan Aktivitas............................63 4.2.5 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Ruang ..........................................................................69 4.3 Program Performansi .....................................................................................................70 4.4 Program Arsitektural .....................................................................................................76 4.4.1 Studi Kapasitas Kegiatan ....................................................................................83 4.4.2 Studi Luasan Ruang ............................................................................................85 4.4.3 Rekapitulasi Luasan Ruang ................................................................................95 4.5 Hubungan Ruang ............................................................................................................97 4.6 Sirkulasi Ruang dan Organisasi Ruang .....................................................................100 4.7 Program Tapak .............................................................................................................102 4.7.1 Kebutuhan Luas Tapak .....................................................................................102 4.7.2 Analisa Pemilihan Tapak ..................................................................................102 4.7.3 Analisa Tapak ...................................................................................................109 BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN 5.1 Konsep Perancangan Tapak.........................................................................................118 5.1.1 Konsep Zoning Site...........................................................................................118 5.1.2 Konsep Entrance Site........................................................................................120 5.1.3 Konsep Bentuk Massa ......................................................................................122 5.1.4 Konsep Pola Massa...........................................................................................124 5.1.5 Konsep Orientasi Massa ...................................................................................126 5.1.6 Konsep Sirkulasi Site........................................................................................127 5.1.7 Konsep Ruang Luar ..........................................................................................128
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5.1.8 Konsep Parkir ...................................................................................................130 5.1.9 Konsep Utilitas Tapak ......................................................................................133 5.2 Konsep Perancangan Bangunan ..................................................................................136 5.2.1 Konsep Zoning Bangunan.................................................................................136 5.2.2 Konsep Sirkulasi dalam Bangunan ...................................................................138 5.2.3 Konsep Tampilan Bangunan............................................................................140 5.2.4 Konsep Struktur Bangunan ...............................................................................142 5.2.5 Konsep Utilitas Bangunan ...............................................................................144
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Standar Panjang dan Lebar Sirkuit Motocross ....................................................10 Gambar 2.2 Standar Keamanan Sirkuit Motocross .................................................................11 Gambar 2.3 Standar Daerah Start Sirkuit Motocross ..............................................................12 Gambar 2.4 Standar Keamanan dan waiting zone Sirkuit Motocross .....................................13 Gambar 2.5 Standar Daerah Perbaikan Sirkuit Motocross......................................................14 Gambar 2.6 Standar Paddock Pembalap Sirkuit Motocross....................................................15 Gambar 2.7 Standar Pintu Start Sirkuit Motocross .................................................................16 Gambar 2.8 Rintangan Single Jump Sirkuit Motocross ..........................................................16 Gambar 2.9 Rintangan Double Jump Sirkuit Motocross.........................................................17 Gambar 2.10 Rintangan Table Top Sirkuit Motocross............................................................17 Gambar 2.11 Rintangan Camel Sirkuit Motocross..................................................................18 Gambar 2.12 Rintangan Superball Sirkuit Motocross.............................................................18 Gambar 2.13 Standar Instalasi Ruang Pers Sirkuit Motocross................................................19 Gambar 2.14 Standar Ukuran Pembatas Tribun Penonton......................................................20 Gambar 2.15 Standar Maksimal seats Tribun Penonton .........................................................20 Gambar 2.16 Garis Pandang Tribun Penonton........................................................................21 Gambar 2.17 Garis Pandang Tribun Penonton Untuk Penyandang Cacat ..............................21 Gambar 2.18 Sudut Kemiringan Tribun Penonton..................................................................22 Gambar 2.19 Jenis Tempat Duduk Mempengaruhi Pandangan ..............................................22 Gambar 2.20 Sirkuit Motocross Pangkung Tibah ...................................................................27 Gambar 2.21 Sirkuit Motocross Perancak ...............................................................................28 Gambar 2.22 Lintasan Sirkuit Lamantuha...............................................................................30 Gambar 2.23 Pintu Start dan tikungan pertama sirkuit Lamantuha ........................................31 Gambar 2.24 Tribun Penonton dan Waiting Zone sirkuit Lamantuha.....................................31 Gambar 3.1 Peta Pulau Bali.....................................................................................................40 Gambar 3.2 Peta Kabupaten Tabanan .....................................................................................40 Gambar 4.1 Diagram Aktivitas/kegiatan Peserta .........................................................................61 Gambar 4.2 Diagram Aktivitas/kegiatan Penonton ......................................................................62 Gambar 4.3 Diagram Aktivitas/kegiatan Pengelola .....................................................................62 Gambar 4.4 Diagram Aktivitas/ kegiatan Penitia.........................................................................62 Gambar 4.5 Hubungan Ruang Makro Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan .....................................97
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Gambar 4.6 Hubungan Ruang Utama Sirkuit Motocross di tabanan ......................................98 Gambar 4.7 Hubungan Ruang Penunjang Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan...............................98 Gambar 4.8 Hubungan Ruang Pengelola Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan................................99 Gambar 4.9 Hubungan Ruang Servis Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan......................................99 Gambar 4.10 Sirkulasi Ruang Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan ...............................................100 Gambar 4.11 Organisasi Ruang Sirkuit Motocross di Tabanan ............................................101 Gambar 4.12 Peta pemanfaatan Ruang Kawasan ..................................................................103 Gambar 4.13 Peta Rencana Pola Ruang Wilayah..................................................................104 Gambar 4.14 Alternatif 1 ........................................................................................................105 Gambar 4.15 Alternatif 2 ........................................................................................................106 Gambar 4.16 Peta Kabupaten Tabanan .................................................................................109 Gambar 4.17 Peta lokasi Tapak .............................................................................................109 Gambar 4.18 Tapak ...............................................................................................................109 Gambar 4.19 Batas-Batas site................................................................................................110 Gambar 4.20 Built Up Area...................................................................................................111 Gambar 4.21 Analisa Iklim ...................................................................................................112 Gambar 4.22 Analisa View ....................................................................................................113 Gambar 4.23 Topografi tapak................................................................................................114 Gambar 4.24 Analisa utilitas .................................................................................................115 Gambar 4.25 Analisa kebisingan dan Traffic ........................................................................116 Gambar 4.26 Kesimpulan Analisis tapak ..............................................................................117 Gambar 5.1 Konsep Zoning Tapak........................................................................................119 Gambar 5.2 Konsep Entrance Tapak .....................................................................................121 Gambar 5.3 Lebar Entrance Tapak.......................................................................................122 Gambar 5.4 Bentuk Massa bangunan ....................................................................................123 Gambar 5.5 Alternatif 1( Pola sirkulasi terpusat)..................................................................124 Gambar 5.6 Alternatif 2( Pola masa menyebar) ....................................................................125 Gambar 5.7 Konsep Pola Massa............................................................................................126 Gambar 5.8 Orientasi Massa .................................................................................................128 Gambar 5.9 Sirkulasi Site......................................................................................................129 Gambar 5.10 Potongan pedestrian.........................................................................................129 Gambar 5.11 Ruang Luar ......................................................................................................129
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Gambar 5.12 Grass Block......................................................................................................129 Gambar 5.13 Paving Block....................................................................................................129 Gambar 5.14 Pola parkir mobil 900 .......................................................................................132 Gambar 5.15 Pola parkir motor 900 .......................................................................................132 Gambar 5.16 Potongan pola parkir mobil 900 .......................................................................132 Gambar 5.17 Pola parkir mobil 450 .......................................................................................132 Gambar 5.18 Potongan ..........................................................................................................132 Gambar 5.19 Pendistribusian air kotor dan air bersih ...........................................................134 Gambar 5.20 Mekanisme Penyediaan Air kotor ...................................................................134 Gambar 5.21 Mekanisme Penyediaan Air Bersih .................................................................134 Gambar 5.22 Pendistribusian listrik dan Pembuangan sampah sementara ...........................135 Gambar 5.23 Mekanisme penyediaan jaringan listrik ...........................................................135 Gambar 5.24 Mekanisme Pendistribusian sampah................................................................136 Gambar 5.25 Zoning Ruang Panitia ......................................................................................137 Gambar 5.26 Zoning Ruang Pengelola..................................................................................137 Gambar 5.27 Sirkulasi Ruang panitia....................................................................................139 Gambar 5.28 Sirkulasi Ruang pengelola ...............................................................................139 Gambar 5.29 Konsep tampilan tribun bangunan ...................................................................141 Gambar 5.30 Konsep Tribun Penonton .................................................................................141 Gambar 5.31 Pondasi Bor Pile ..............................................................................................143 Gambar 5.32 Pondasi Menerus..............................................................................................143 Gambar 5.33 Pondasi Telapak...............................................................................................143 Gambar 5.34 Struktur Rangka ...............................................................................................143 Gambar 5.35 Struktur Rangka ...............................................................................................143 Gambar 5.36 Struktur Rangka ...............................................................................................144 Gambar 5.37 Struktur Rangka ...............................................................................................144 Gambar 5.38 Mekanisme penghawaan alami........................................................................145 Gambar 5.39 AC Split ...........................................................................................................146 Gambar 5.40 Pencahayan Alami ...........................................................................................146 Gambar 5.41 Lampu LED .....................................................................................................147 Gambar 5.42 Fire Extinguiser ...............................................................................................148 Gambar 5.43 Sprinkler ..........................................................................................................148
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Gambar 5.44 Fire Alarm .......................................................................................................148
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Kelas-kelas kejuaraan Nasional Motocross.............................................................26 Tabel 2.2 Rintangan Sirkuit Motocross lamantuha .................................................................32 Tabel 2.1 Kesimpulan Objek sejenis dan Pertimbangannya ...................................................34 Tabel 3.1 Jumlah Penduduk Tabanan Akhir 2014 ..................................................................41 Tabel 3.2 Team Motocross di Bali ..........................................................................................43 Tabel 3.3 Jumlah Anggota beberapa club motorcross di Bali .................................................44 Tabel 3.4 Sirkuit Motocross di Bali.........................................................................................44 Tabel 3.5 Event Motocross di Bali tahun 2015 .................................................................................... 45
Tabel 3.5 Kesimpulan Analisa SWOT ....................................................................................49 Tabel 4.1 Kebutuhan ruang berdasarkan fungsi ,civitas dan aktivitas ....................................63 Tabel 4.2 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Ruang ...............................................................................69 Tabel 4.3 Program Performansi Kelompok Ruang Utama......................................................70 Tabel 4.4 Program Performansi Kelompok Ruang Penunjang................................................76 Tabel 4.5 Program Performansi Kelompok Ruang Pengelola ..................................................... 79
Tabel 4.6 Program Performansi Kelompok Ruang Service ....................................................82 Tabel 4.7 Peserta Event Kejurnas Motocross MX2 ................................................................83 Tabel 4.8 Penonton Peserta Event Kejurnas Motocross ..........................................................84 Tabel 4.9 Studi Luasan Ruang.................................................................................................85 Tabel 4.10 Rekapitulasi Luasan Ruang ...................................................................................95 Tabel 4.11 Pembobotan Kriteria site dengan metode zero-one ................................................. 107
Tabel 4.12 Penilaian Tapak ...................................................................................................108
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