Nemzetközi kommunikáció Az Európai Unió szókincse angol nyelven
Szerző: Dr. Bánhegyi Mátyás Lektor:
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
A tananyag bemutatása
Ebben az elektronikus tananyagban az Európai Unióval kapcsolatos alapfogalmakkal és azok angol nyelvű megfelelőivel ismerkedhet meg. A tananyag első részében az ABC-sorrendben közreadott magyar nyelvű szavak mellett az angol nyelvű ekvivalenst tüntetjük fel. A második részben a terminológiatudomány elvárásait követve az ABCsorrendbe rendezett egyes angol nyelvű kifejezések mellett (lehetőség szerint) rövid angol nyelvű meghatározásokat is megadunk, így megkönnyítve a terminusok értelmezését és használatát. A terminusok és azok meghatározása mellett külső, hivatalos forrásokra utaló linkeket is feltüntettünk, amelyek a szélesebb körű tájékozódást, illetve további ismeretek és háttér-információk megszerzését kívánják elősegíteni. A harmadik részben a terminusgyűjtemény elsajátításának sikerességéről az ellenőrző feladatok segítségével kaphatnak támpontszerű visszajelzést. Tartalmas tanulást kíván a szerző. TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Első rész A legfontosabb terminusok (és EU-ban használatos rövidítéseik) magyar és angol nyelven
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul ajánlás állandó bizottság Amszterdami Szerződés áruk szabad mozgása belső piac bizottság biztos bővítés csatlakozás csatlakozási megállapodás
Term in English recommendation standing committee Treaty of Amsterdam free movement of goods internal market committee Commissioner enlargement accession accession agreement TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul csatlakozási tárgyalások csatlakozni csúcskonferencia döntéshozatal döntéshozatali eljárások döntéshozó szerv Egyesítési Szerződés egyhangú szavazás Egységes Európai Okmány egységes piac
Term in English accession negotiations access (to) World Summit decision-making decision-making processes decision-making body Merger Treaty solid vote Single European Act (SEA) single market
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul
Term in English
elnök elnökség első/második/harmadik pillér EU polgára EU-jog elsőbbsége EU-jog megsértése EU-politika Euratom euró euró bevezetése
president presidency first/second/third pillar citizen of the EU primacy / supremacy of EU-law breach of EU-law EU policy Euratom Euro introduction of the Euro TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul euróország Európai Bizottság Európai Csúcs Európai Gazdasági Közösség európai integráció Európai Közösségek Európai Monetáris Rendszer Európai Ombudsman Európai Parlament Európai Regionális Fejlesztési Alap
Term in English Euro country European Commission EU Summit European Economic Community (EEC) European integration European Communities European Monetary System (EMS) European Ombudsman European Parliament (EP) European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul Európai Számvevőszék Európai Szén- és Acélközösség Európai Szociális Alap Európai Tanács Európai Unió Európai Unió Bírósága Európai Unió Tanácsa Főképviselő Főtitkárság Gazdasági és Monetáris Unió
Term in English European Court of Auditors European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) European Social Fund (ESF) European Council (EC) European Union (EU) Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) Council of the European Union High Representative (HR) Secretariat-General Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul határon átnyúló határozat hatáskör hivatalos nyelv irányelv javaslat jogszabálytervezetet benyújtani képviselni képviselő képviselőcsoport/frakció
Term in English cross-border decision competence official language Directive recommendation submit a draft legal act represent representative faction TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul Kohéziós Alap Koppenhágai kritériumok kormányközi költségvetés közös kül- és biztonságpolitika közös piac közösségi közösségi érdek közösségi jogalkotás közösségi joganyag / közösségi vívmányok
Term in English Cohesion Fund (CF) Copenhagen Criteria intergovernmental budget Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) single market community common interest Community legislation acquis (communautaire)
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul közvetlen hatály Lisszaboni Szerződés Maastrichti Szerződés minősített többség munkanyelv napirenden van Nizzai Szerződés pillér(ek) pillérrendszer plenáris ülés/értekezlet
Term in English immediate / direct effect Treaty of Lisbon Treaty of Maastricht / Maastricht Treaty qualified majority working language to be on the agenda Treaty of Nice pillar(s) pillar system plenary sitting / conference TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul rendelet Római Szerződések Schengeni Egyezmény schengeni országok Schengen-térség/Schengen-övezet Strukturális Alapok székhely személyek szabad mozgás szerződést aláírni szolgáltatások szabad mozgása
Term in English regulation Treaty of Rome Schengen Agreement Schengen countries, countries of the Schengen Area Schengen Area Structural Funds (SF) seat free movement of persons to sign an agreement/convention/pact/treaty free movement of services
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Terminus magyarul tag tagállam tagjelölt állam tagság társulási szerződés tőke szabad áramlása uniópárti uniós (állam) polgárság ülésezni/tárgyalni/összeülni választás(ok) valutaegység vámunió vélemény
Term in English member member state, member country candidate state / candidate country membership association agreement free movement of capital pro-EU EU citizenship to assemble / to be in session (parliament) election(s) currency unit / European Currency Unit customs union opinion TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Második rész Az angol nyelvű fogalmak angol nyelvű definícióval A definíciók elkészítéséhez a http://www.europe.eu/ weblapot használtuk.
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Cohesion Fund (CF): As part of the EU’s Cohesion Policy, Cohesion Fund (CF) provides less developed EU countries with funds to improve their transport infrastructure, environment and energy management.
Copenhagen Criteria: The Criteria serve to decide whether a country qualifies to join the EU: Member States must have liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and must function according to the rule of law. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/glossary/accession_criteria_copenhagu e_en.htm
Council of the European Union: Acts which are directly relevant to the lives of EU citizens and have a considerable international impact are adopted by the Council usually in conjunction with the European Parliament. The Council is composed of the Member States’ government representatives sit, i.e. the ministers of each Member State with responsibility for a given area. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/homepage?lang=en
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU): The Court of Justice of the European Union has the following functions: interprets EU law in order to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries; settles legal disputes between EU governments and EU institutions; decides about individuals’, companies’ or organisations’ appeals if they feel their rights have been infringed by an EU institution. http://europa.eu/about-eu/institutionsbodies/court-justice/index_en.htm
customs union: A customs union is a customs restriction-free trade area with uniform tariff and other trade policies towards non-member countries. http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/index_en.htm
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU): It represents a major step in the integration of EU economies and involves the coordination of economic and fiscal policies, a common monetary policy, and the common currency of the euro. http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/emu/index_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
EU Summit: A meeting with the participation of the Heads of State or Government of the Member States.
Euratom: This Treaty was signed on 25 March 1957 and entered into force on 1 January 1958 to set up the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) in order to coordinate the Member States’ research programmes for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding
Euro: The Euro is the common currency in 17 out of 27 EU countries and is used by some 332 million people every day, who do not need to exchange their money if they go abroad or shop in these 17 countries. http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/index_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC): The Treaty establishing the ECSC was concluded in Paris in 1951 and joined France, West Germany, Italy and the Benelux countries in a Community to organise free movement of coal and steel and free access to sources of production. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_ecsc _en.htm European Commission: The European Commission represents the interests of the EU as a whole. Through its right of initiative, it proposes new legislation to the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, and it ensures that EU law is correctly applied by member countries. http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm European Communities: The European Communities (sometimes referred to as the European Community) were three international organisations (European Coal and Steel Community, European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community) that were governed by the same institutions. These governing institutions operated from 1967 until they became the governing institutions of the European Union.
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
European Council (EC): The European Council (EC) defines the general political direction and priorities of the EU and its development but does not exercise legislative functions. It consists of the Heads of State or Government of the Member States, together with its President and the President of the Commission. http://www.european-council.europa.eu/home-page?lang=en European Court of Auditors: The European Court of Auditors audits EU finances: its role is to improve the EU’s financial management and report on the use of public funds. http://europa.eu/about-eu/institutions-bodies/courtauditors/index_en.htm European Economic Community (EEC): The EEC was an international organisation created by the 1957 Treaty of Rome. Its aim was to bring about not only economic integration, including a common market, among its six founding members: Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, but eventually economic union of its members, ultimately leading to political union. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm founding
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
European Monetary System (EMS): The European Monetary System (EMS) originated in an attempt to stabilize inflation and stop large exchange-rate fluctuations between European countries in the late 1970’s. This was to create an area of currency stability throughout the European Community by encouraging countries to co-ordinate their monetary policies. In order to improve trade between EU member states and this way help the development of the single market, it used an Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) to create stable exchange rates between the different EU currencies. The EMS was in fact the forerunner of the Economic and Monetary Union, which led to the establishment of the Euro. http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/emu/road/index_en.htm European Ombudsman: The European Ombudsman investigates complaints about maladministration in the institutions and bodies of the European Union such as institutions failing to act in accordance with the law, failing to respect the principles of good administration, or violating human rights. http://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/home.faces;jsessionid=59C0296083E9 9F540D87EFAD8037C618
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
European Parliament (EP): The European Parliament (EP) acts as a colegislator for nearly all EU law and together with the Council, the EP adopts or amends proposals from the Commission. The EP also supervises the work of the Commission and adopts the European Union’s budget. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/portal/en
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF): Through providing financial instruments, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) aims to strengthen economic and social cohesion in the EU by correcting imbalances between the different EU regions. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/employment_and_social_policy/job_cre ation_measures/l60015_en.htm
European Social Fund (ESF): The European Social Fund (ESF) promotes employment and provides funding for this purpose. http://ec.europa.eu/esf/home.jsp
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
European Union (EU): It is an economic and political partnership between 27 Member States in Europe. http://europa.eu/index_en.htm
free movement of capital: Capital can travel without any restrictions in the EU: for citizens it means the ability to do financial operations abroad and purchasing real estate; for companies it means the ability to invest in other European companies. It is one of the freedoms of the EU. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/top_layer/index_en.htm
free movement of goods: Goods can travel without any restrictions in the EU: in January 1993, controls on the movement of goods within the EU’s internal market were abolished and the European Union is now a single territory without internal frontiers. It is one of the freedoms of the EU. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/top_layer/index_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
free movement of persons: As free movement is a fundamental right guaranteed to EU citizens, people can travel without any restrictions in the EU: the concept of free movement of persons came about with the signing of the Schengen Agreement in 1985 and the subsequent Schengen Convention in 1990 and the abolishment of border control between the Schengen countries. It is one of the freedoms of the EU. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/top_layer/index_en.htm free movement of services: Services and service provision can travel without any restrictions or discrimination in the EU: service suppliers, providers and consumers from across the EU region are guaranteed equivalent treatment to local providers. It is one of the freedoms of the EU. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/top_layer/index_en.htm High Representative (HR): The High Representative is main co-ordinator and representative of the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/policies/council-configurations/foreignaffairs/high-representative-of-the-union-for-foreign-affairs-and-securitypolicy?lang=en
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
internal market: Internal market is the system of free trade between the Member States of the European Union. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/internal_market/index_en.htm Merger Treaty: This Treaty, also called Brussels Treaty, was signed on 8 April 1965 and entered into force on 1 July 1967 to rationalise and streamline the administration of the European institutions. http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding (The text of the Treaty is not available in English.) official language: It is a language spoken in an EU Member State, which is thus officially used in any EU-related business. http://ec.europa.eu/languages/languages-of-europe/eu-languages_en.htm Schengen Agreement: The Schengen Agreement of 1985 created the Schengen area, which represents a territory guaranteeing the free movement of persons. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/justice_freedom_security/free_moveme nt_of_persons_asylum_immigration/l33020_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Schengen Area: The Schengen area was set up through the Schengen Agreement of 1985 and it represents a territory guaranteeing the free movement of persons. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-wedo/policies/borders-and-visas/index_en.htm
Schengen countries, countries of the Schengen Area: Countries participating in the Schengen Agreement of 1985, i.e. members of the http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-weSchengen area. do/policies/borders-and-visas/index_en.htm
Secretariat-General: The Secreteriat-General helps the European Commission in its work by supporting the whole of the Commission, and in particular the 27 Commissioners, and ensures the overall coherence of the Commission’s work. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/secretariat_general/index_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Single European Act (SEA): The Single European Act (SEA), which entered into force on 1 July 1987, revises the Treaties of Rome in order to add new impetus to European integration and to complete the internal market. It amends the rules governing the operation of the European institutions and expands Community powers, notably in the fields of research and development, the environment and common foreign policy. http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_si ngleact_en.htm
single market: It is a market consisting of a number of countries, where goods, capital and currencies can move freely across borders without tariffs or any restrictions. The single market guarantees the free movement of people, goods, services and capital in the EU. http://europa.eu/abc/12lessons/lesson_6/index_en.htm and http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/index_en.htm
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Structural Funds (SF): As part of the EU’s Cohesion Policy, Structural Funds (SF) provide less developed EU countries with funds. SF is an umbrella term and include the European Regional Development Fund and the European Social Fund. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/structural_funds_en.htm
Treaty of Amsterdam: The Treaty was signed on 2 October 1997 and entered into force on 1 May 1999 to reform the EU institutions in preparation for the arrival of future member countries (such as some of the former Esatern Bloc countries). The Treaty is one of the three pillars of the EU. http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding
Treaty of Lisbon: This Treaty was signed on 13 December 2007 and entered into force on 1 December 2009 to make the EU more democratic and more efficient and to unequivocally address global problems such as climate change. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Treaty of Maastricht / Maastricht Treaty: This Treaty, also called the Treaty on European Union, was signed on 7 February 1992 and entered into force on 1 November 1993 to prepare for the European Monetary Union and introduce elements of a political union in the fields of citizenship, foreign and internal affairs policy. The Treaty is one of the three pillars of the EU. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding
Treaty of Nice: This Treaty was signed on 26 February 2001 and entered into force on 1 February 2003 to reform the EU institutions so that the Community could function efficiently after reaching 25 member countries. The Treaty is one of the three pillars of the EU. http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Treaty of Rome: The Treaty of Rome, officially called the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (TEEC), was an international agreement signed on 25 March 1957 by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany that entered into force on 1 January 1958 and founded the European Economic Community (EEC). http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm - founding
working language: It is a language that is used in an organisation for purposes of executing work. E.g. the European Commission has three working languages: English, German and French.
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Harmadik rész Ellenőrző tesztkérdések
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Question 1: List the names of the EU’s most important funds. Question 2: List the most important treaties covered in this Unit. Question 3: Which are the EU’s official languages in February 2013? Question 4: List the four freedoms of the EU. Question 5: What is the English for ‘EU-jog elsőbbsége’? Question 6: What is the English for ‘közös kül- és biztonságpolitika’? Question 7: What is the English for ‘csatlakozás’? Question 8: What is the English for ‘egységes piac’? Question 9: What is the English for ‘irányelv’? Question 10: What is the English for ‘tagjelölt állam’? Check your answers. TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
Correct Answers Question 1: European Regional Development Fund, European Social Fund, Cohesion Fund, Structural Funds Question 2: Treaty of Rome, Euratom, Merger Treaty, Treaty of Amsterdam, Treaty of Lisbon, Treaty of Nice, Treaty of Maastricht / Maastricht Treaty Question 3: Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish and Swedish Question 4: free movement of capital, free movement of goods, free movement of persons, free movement of services Question 5: primacy / supremacy of EU-law Question 6: Common Foreign and Security Policy Question 7: accession Question 8: single market Question 9: directive Question 10: candidate country
TÁMOP-4.1.2.A/1-11/1-2011-0091 „INFORMÁCIÓ - TUDÁS – ÉRVÉNYESÜLÉS”
