Enterprise System Antonius Rachmat C
Enterprise System Management
Overview of enterprise system. (Source: Prepared by E. Turban and D. Amoroso.)
Process using functional systems (departmental) Sales
Warehouse
Receive Customer Order
Prepare Shipment
Send Shipment
Send Paperwork Enter/Update Data
Send Invoice
Receive Payment
Send Paperwork Enter/Update Data
Enter/Update Data
Delay! Sales Information System
Accounting
Enter/Update Data
Enter/Update Data
Delay! Warehouse Information System
Accounting Information System
Processes using Enterprise Systems
Sales
Warehouse
Receive Customer Order
Prepare Shipment
Enter/Update Data
Enter/Update Data
Send Shipment
Enter/Update Data
Enterprise Information System
Accounting Send Invoice
Receive Payment
Enter/Update Data
Enter/Update Data
Enterprise Systems • Three stages of evolution – Stage 1: Stand-alone Mainframe Systems – Stage 2: Client-Server Architecture – Stage 3: Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) • Web services
5
3-tier Client Architecture Client
Client
Client
Client Client
Client
Client
Client Client
Client
Client Client
Client
Client Client
Client Client
Application Server
Client
Client
Client
Client Client
Client Client
Application Server
Client Client
Client
Application Server
Database Server
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Multi platform ES
Client
Punch Card or Terminal Custom (10’s of users)
Applicatio n
Data Management
PC or Internet
Any Device
(1000’s of users)
(Millions of users) Composites
Application
Application
Application
OS
OS
OS
Composites
Application
OS and Database
Mainframe
DB OS Client Server
OS OSApplications OS OS
DB OS DB OS DB OS OS
SOA
OS OSApplications OS OS
DB OS DB OS DB OS OS
Arsitektur Enterprise System • • • • • •
Integrated Flexible (change ready) Open (compatible) Secure Technology trend Standard
Component of Enterprise Systems • The ES Application Suite – Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) – Supply Chain Management (SCM) – Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) – Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)
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The ERP application suite
ERP • ERP adalah merupakan Sistem Informasi untuk mengidentifikasi dan merencanakan sisi sumber daya yang dibutuhkan perusahaan untuk digunakan, dibuat, dikirim dan dihitung secara efisien dan dapat merespon kebutuhan pelanggan dengan lebih baik. • Sistem ERP adalah sekumpulan paket sistem informasi yang dibangun dan diimplementasikan sebagai fasilitator terwujudnya konsep ERP di suatu organisasi
What is ERP? • Software integrates planning, management & use of all resources in entire enterprise. • Comprises sets of applications that automate back-end operations (financial, inventory management & scheduling). – Modules for cost control, accounts payable/receivable, fixed assets.
• Benefits range from increased efficiency to improved quality, productivity & profitability.
Resources • Dalam kaitannya dengan Enterprise, resource dapat berupa aset perusahaan yang meliputi: aset keuangan, SDM, konsumen, supplier, order, teknologi, dan juga strategi (proses bisnis)
ERP dalam Klasifikasi Sistem Informasi
Top level /Strategi c
Middle level /Tactical
Executive Information Systems (EIS) Strategic supports Decision Support Systems (DSS) Decision making support
ERP Applications Low level (Operational)
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) & Database Management Systems Office Automation Systems (AOS)
Aplikasi ERP populer (para pemain)
• • • • •
SAP (mySAP) Oracle JD Edwards (telah diakuisisi Oracle) Peoplesoft (telah diakuisisi Oracle) Compiere (Opensource)
• OpenBravo • TinyERP • OpenERP
TinyERP
OpenERP
Integrasi ERP dalam organisasi
ERP
MANFAAT ERP DAN CARA MENDAPATKANNYA Manfaat
Cara Mendapatkannya
Akses informasi yang handal
DBMS yang fleksibel, data yang konsisten dan akurat, sistem pelaporan yang lebih baik
Menghindari duplikasi data dan operasi
Modul-modul yang mengakses daya dari satu database terpusat sehingga menghindari duplikasi
Mempercepat waktu pemrosesan data
Menimalisasi waktu pengambilan data dan pembuatan laporan
Mengurangi biaya
Menghemat waktu dalam pengambilan keputusan organisasi karena analisis yang dilakukan didalamnya
Kemudahan adaptasi
Perubahan pada proses bisnis dapat diadaptasi dengan mudah
Meningkatkan skalabilitas
Struktur sistem dikostumisasi
Kemudahan pemeliharaan
Dukungan purnajual sistem berjangka panjang
yang
bersifat
modular
dan
mudah
Contoh SIKLUS UMUM PROSES BISNIS PERUSAHAAN PRODUK DAN JASA
SAP ERP Solution Map End-User Service Delivery Analytics
Financials
Product Development and Manufacturing
Sales and Service
Corporate Services
Copyright SAP AG 2008
Treasury
Talent Management
Financial Accounting
Workforce Analytics Management Accounting
Workforce Process Management
Corporate Governance
Workforce Deployment
Procurement
Inventory and Warehouse Management
Inbound and Outbound Logistics
Transportation Management
Production Planning
Manufacturing Execution
Product Development
Life-Cycle Data Management
Sales Order Management
Real Estate Management
Enterprise Asset Management
Aftermarket Sales and Service
Professional-Service Delivery
Project and Environment, Health, Travel Quality Global Trade Portfolio and Safety Management Management Services Management Compliance Mgmt.
SAP NetWeaver
Procurement and Logistics Execution
Financial Supply Chain Management
Operations Analytics
Shared Service Delivery
Human Capital Management
Financial Analytics
Modul ERP (tipikal mySAP) : (Source : mySAP)
• • • • • • • • • •
mySAP Financials mySAP Human Resource mySAP Order Fulfillment mySAP Procurement mySAP Planning mySAP Manufacturing mySAP Technology Administration mySAP Technology ABAP Workbench mySAP Plant Maintenance mySAP Project Management
mySAP Procurement
Production in SAP
Sales Order in SAP
Mempelajari Aplikasi ERP ? Contoh untuk mySAP (source Genovate-SAP) •
Cara mempelajari mySAP ERP : –
Bekerja untuk perusahaan yang menggunakan SAP sebagai End User
–
Terlibat dalam proyek implementasi SAP pada suatu perusahaan sebagai Key user atau Internal Consultant
–
Bekerja pada suatu perusahaan konsultasi SAP sebagai konsultan
–
Sebagai seorang konsultan “freelance” SAP.
Organizational Data in ERP • Defines the organizational structure of the enterprise • Includes definitions of: – – – – –
Companies (subsidiaries, etc.) Divisions based on, product or geographical hierarchy Sales organizations Purchasing organizations Physical facilities: plants, warehouses, distribution centers – HR organization
• Data rarely changes
Master Data • Define key entities in an organization • Customers – Basic information: name, address, contact information – Financial information: payment terms, methods – Sales information: delivery terms
• Products – – – –
Basic data: description, weight, color Purchasing data Sales data Manufacturing data
Master Data (2) • Vendors / suppliers – Similar information as customer
• Employees – Basic data – Personal data: dependents – Payroll data – Tax data
• Data changes occasionally
Transaction Data • Data that is the consequence of day-to-day transaction – Who, what, when, where, how, how much
• Sales – Customer, products, quantities, dates and times, location (shipping, delivery), sales person
• Purchase – Vendor, products, quantities, dates and times, location (delivery), sales person, requester
• Production – Materials, quantities, facilities, resources (machine, people), dates and times, locations (storage, production)
Contoh kasus: SCM
Business Value of SCM • Effective transformation of raw materials into goods and/or services. • Reduce uncertainty & risk. • Improved collaboration to decrease inventory levels & cycle time. • Improved processes & customer service. • Increased profitability & competitiveness.
SAP in Supply Chain Management Demand & Supply Planning
Procurement
Manufacturing
Warehousing
Transportation
Real World Awareness
Supply Chain Visibility
Supply Network Collaboration Supply Chain Management with Duet
Copyright SAP AG 2008
Supply Network Planning
Distribution Planning Service Parts Planning
Strategic Sourcing
Purchase Order Processing
Invoicing
Production Planning & Detailed Scheduling
Manufacturing Visibility & Execution & Collaboration
MRP based Detailed Scheduling
Inbound Processing & Outbound Processing Receipt Confirmation
Sales Order Processing
Freight Management
Billing
Planning & Dispatching
Supplier Collaboration
Physical Inventory
Service Parts Order Fulfillment
Rating & Billing & Settlement
Supply Chain Event Management
Strategic Supply Chain Design
Warehousing & Storage
Cross Docking
Driver & Asset Management
Network Collaboration
Auto ID / RFID and Sensor Integration
Supply Chain Analytics
Supply Chain Risk Management
Customer Collaboration
Sales & Operations Planning
Outsourced Manufacturing
Demand Planning in MS Excel
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SAP NetWeaver
Order Fulfillment
Demand Planning & Safety Stock Planning Forecasting
CRM Business Strategy • Customers are the core of the business. • Success depends upon company effectively managing relationships with customers. • It is a business strategy to select & manage customers to optimize long-term value. • Requires a customer-centric business philosophy & culture to support effective marketing, sales & services processes. • Idea is simple – treat different customers differently as their needs are different & their value to the company may be different.
Classification of CRM Applications • Customer-facing – include all areas where customers interact with company (call centers, help desks, sales force automation). • Customer-touching – customers interact with the applications (self-service, campaign management, general purpose e-business applications). • Customer-centric intelligence – analyze results of operational processing & use results to improve CRM applications. • Online networking – methods that provide the opportunity to build personal relationships (chat rooms & discussion lists).
Levels & Types of e-CRM • Foundational service – minimum necessary services such as web site responsiveness. • Customer-centered services – order tracking, product configuration/customization & security/trust. Services that matter the most to customers. Primarily on the web. • Value-added services – extra such as online auctions, online training & education. • Loyalty programs – recognize customers who repeatedly use services (products) offered.
Tools for Customer Service • Personalized web pages used to record purchases & preferences. • FAQs commonly used for dealing with repetitive customer questions. • Email & automated response • Chat rooms • Live chat • Call centers
NEXT Management Decision Support and Intelligent Systems
