Studia bot. hung. 38, pp. 59- 70, 2007
D A T A O N T H E D I S T R I B U T I O N OF SOME RARE ALPINE-BOREAL
BRYOPHYTES
IN T H E VÉRTES MTS (HUNGARY)
CS. N É M E T H
H-2870Kisbér,
Sport u. 19, Hungary;
[email protected]
Unusual assemblage o f rare alpine-boreal bryophytes and glacial relict vascular plant species was investigated on steep dolomite north facing rock walls i n the southern and eastern Vértes Mts, west-central Hungary. Documentation o f the microhabitats revealed the presence o f bryophytes Anomodon rostratus, Leiocolea collaris, Myurella julacea, Orthothecium intricatum, Pedinophyllum interruptum, and Plagiobryum zierii. Key words: distribution maps, rare bryophytes, Vértes Mts
INTRODUCTION F i e l d w o r k c o n d u c t e d i n the Vértes M t s i n the past t w o years, i n c o n t i n u a t i o n o f o n g o i n g surveys o n the d i s t r i b u t i o n o f bryophytes, resulted i n new floristical data. T h i s effort is p a r t o f a n e t w o r k o f similar w o r k s w i t h i n the country. Several recent publications have already made i m p o r t a n t addi tions to the better knowledge o f the actual d i s t r i b u t i o n o f bryophytes ( P U R G E R et al.
1 9 9 7 , S Z Ö V É N Y I et al
2 0 0 1 , PAPP a n d
R A J C Z Y 1996,
1999,
2 0 0 0 , PAPP and ERZBERGER 2 0 0 0 , 2 0 0 3 , PAPP et al. 2 0 0 0 , 2 0 0 3 ) , c o m b i n i n g
data f r o m new collections and c o n s u l t i n g specimens f r o m earlier collec tions. T h e present study provides a series o f new data o n the actual d i s t r i b u t i o n o f some rare species at n a t i o n a l level.
MATERIAL A N D METHODS
Research area Part o f the Transdanubian Mountain Ranges, the Vértes M t s is a S W - N E running smaller range consisting predominantly o f Upper Triassic limestone and dolomite. From the approximate line o f the villages Csókakő, Kőhányás, and Szárliget i t may be divided
into two major parts, the areas n o r t h o f the line dominated by limestone, and those to the south by dolomite (Fig. 1). The north facing steep rocky walls of the dolomite areas have preserved a number o f glacial relict vascular plants (discussed as the "dolomite-phenomenon", Z Ó L Y O M I 1942). These microhabitats are also important réfugia for alpine-boreal bryophyte species (BOROS 1968). The tops o f the rocky outcrops are usually covered by rocky grass communities, i n pallenti-Brometum most cases classified as "closed dolomite rocky grassland" (Festuco pannoniéi Zólyomi 1958) w i t h associating Primula auricula L. subsp. hungarica (Borb.) Soó, Carduusglaucus Baumg., Coronilla vaginalis Lam., Polygala amara L., Biscutella laevi gata L., Daphne cneorum L., Phyteuma orbiculare L. The surrounding vegetation contains mixed karstic Fago-Ornetum Zólyomi (1950) 1958 on the lithosol or rendzina o f the steep mountain sides below the rock walls, Primulo veris-Tilietum platyphyllae (Isépy 1968) Borhidi 1996 on dolomite scree, rocky forest w i t h oaks ( B Ö L Ö N I et al. 2003), beech forest (Daphno laureolae-Fagetum (Isépy 1970) B o r h i d i in B o r h i d i and Kevey 1996), w i t h Carexalba Scop., Calamagrostis varia (Schrad.) Host, Ranunculus nemorosus D C , Aquilegia vulgaris L., and Sorbus aria L., Sorbus danubialis (Jav.) Kárp., Sorbus ulmifolia Kárp., and Sorbus aria s. I. x Sorbus torminalis (L.) Cr. (endemic microspecies) i n the can opy layers, Moehringia muscosa L., Draba lasiocarpa Rochel, and Viola collina Bess, in wet places and smaller rock terraces. The more common bryophytes of the surveyed dolomite rocks and rock forests with wider ecological amplitude include Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) M i t t . , Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp., Encalypta streptocarpa Hedw., Fissidens dubius P. Beauv., Gymnostomum aeruginosum Sm., Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Schimp., Neckera crispa Hedw., Plagiochila porelloides (Nées) Lindenb., Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi, Scapania calcicola (Arnell et J. Perss.) Ingham, and Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr. Having ecological requirements similar to the bryophytes above, the rare lichen spe cies Solorina saccata (L.) A c h . i n all localities is found together w i t h the bryophyte species discussed.
Methods The fieldwork was planned so that I could systematically survey all potential habi tats, rocky mountain sides o f northern exposition, w h i c h might contain alpine-boreal bryophyte species. The determination o f geological coordinates was implemented by Garmin Etrex Legend GPS. The precision o f the coordinates is between 5-10 metres. The geographical names follow those of the regional topographical map, scale 1 : 10,000, the map of forestry management plan, scale 1 : 20,000, and the tourist map, scale 1 : 40,000. Proc essing o f the map was rendered with E O V system, using I T R interactive map editor system. The nomenclature o f the bryophytes follows ERZBERGER and PAPP (2004), the no menclature o f the vascular plants follows S I M O N (2000), and the nomenclature o f the habitats is based on the w o r k o f B O R H I D I and S Á N T A (1999). Entries o f occurrences i n the Enumeration below are based on data from the bryophyte collection o f the Department
o f Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum (BP), and these are with collector names; records without the indication o f collector name are o f the author. A l l voucher specimens are deposited in the bryophyte collection o f the above-mentioned herbarium (BP).
RESULTS D o c u m e n t a t i o n o f the bryophytes o n steep d o l o m i t e n o r t h facing r o c k walls i n the Vértes M t s revealed several data o f great interest; the spe cies-by-species discussion below is c o m b i n e d w i t h range maps o f their ap p r o x i m a t e d i s t r i b u t i o n i n the Vértes M t s . Legend o f the d i s t r i b u t i o n maps: O n o t c o n f i r m e d occurrence
from
h e r b a r i u m specimen; • c o n f i r m e d occurrence f r o m h e r b a r i u m specimen; •
n e w occurrence (based on the author's d o c u m e n t a t i o n ) .
Fig. 1 . M a p o f the Vértes Mts.
Anomodon
rostratus ( H e d w . ) Schimp. (Fig. 2)
A sub-Mediterranean-alpine
element ( B O R O S 1968); data a b o u t its
present occurrences i n H u n g a r y are r e p o r t e d b y PAPP et al. (2000) a n d PAPP a n d ERZBERGER (2003). T h e latter w o r k also r e p o r t e d i t f r o m the Vértes M t s ( C s ó k a k ő : Vár-völgy, Csákberény: Ugró-völgy). A d d i t i o n a l data by the a u t h o r w i t h some n e w localities. Confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimen: Csókakő: Vár-völgy (leg. Á. Boros, 01. 08. 1934); (leg. P. Erzberger, 23.04.2001 ( P A P P and E R Z B E R G E R 2003)). New records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Gémförtés-völgy (22.05.2005, 47° 2 1 ' 14.4" N , 18° 18' 08.4" E, alt. ca 350 m ) ; Kőkapu-völgy (leg. Z. Barina, Cs. Németh, D . Pifkó, D. Schmidt, 25.09.2005, 47° 22' 02.8" N , 18°17'55.1" E, ait. ca 390 m ) ; (19.02.2006, 47° 2' 52.2" N , 18° 18' 13.4" E, ait. ca 360 m ) ; Meszes-völgyi-lyuk (16.04.2005, 47° 2 1 ' 49.8" N , 18° 18' 32.1" E, ait. ca 369 m); Ugró-völgy (leg. P. Erzberger, 29.04.2001 ( P A P P and E R Z B E R G E R 2003)); Csókakő: Kőlyuk-völgy (11.03.2006, 47° 2 1 ' 42.3" N , 18° 16' 43.3" E, ait. ca 355 m ) ; G á n t (Vérteskozma): Fillér-árok és a Kápolna-völgy találkozása (06.08.2005, 47° 27' 52.8" N , 18° 25' 26.5" E, alt. ca 346 m); Szár: Holdvilág-árok (30.04.2005, 47°28'20.2" N , 18° 27' 42.6" E, alt. ca 308 m ) .
Leiocolea collaris (Nees) Schljakov (Fig. 3) A species o f alpine character w i t h European a n d N o r t h A m e r i c a n dis t r i b u t i o n ( B O R O S 1968). I n the m o u n t a i n o u s areas o f H u n g a r y i t is rare, pre
viously only k n o w n f r o m three localities i n close p r o x i m i t y to each other i n the (Fáni-völgy, Nagy-Somló-hegy, a n d Macska-gödör i n the V é r t e s M t s ) . A p a r t f r o m these i t was f o u n d recently f r o m six a d d i t i o n a l localities o f the m o u n t a i n range, always w i t h very l o w cover values. Confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimens: Vértesboglár: Fáni-völgy (leg. Á. Boros, 20.04.1946); (08.10.2005, 47° 27' 33.0" N , 18° 27' 26.7" E); (08.10.2005, 47° 27' 35.5" N , 18° 27' 40.8" E); Macska-gödör (leg. Á. Boros et L. Vajda, 24.08.1947); (29.10. 2005, 47° 27' 30.5" N , 18° 27' 19.9" E, alt. ca 308 m ) . N o t confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimen: G á n t (Vérteskozma): NagySomló-hegy (leg. L. Vajda, 05.10.1959). N e w records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Kőkapu-völgy (25.03.2006, 47° 2 1 ' 45.8" N , 18° 18'24.3" E, alt. ca 369 m); Ugró-völgy (10.09.2005,47° 22' 13.3" N , 18° 18'53.5" E, alt.ca 392 m ) ; (10. 09. 2005, 47° 22' 14.5" N , 18° 18' 52.1" E, ait. ca 371 m); Ugró-völgy (Szentegy házi-hegy) (21.05.2005 47° 22' 05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m); Ugró-völgyi-lyuk
(22.04. 2005, 47° 22' 09.9" N , 18° 18' 59.7" E, alt. ca 360 m ) ; Gánt (Kápolnapuszta): Juh-völgy (21.05.2005,47° 23' 40.8" N , 18° 20' 09.7" E, alt. ca 397 m); Szár: Holdvilág-árok (30.04.2005, 47° 28' 20.2" N , 18° 27' 42.6" E, ait. ca 308 m ) .
Myurella
julacea
(Schwägr.) S c h i m p .
(Fig. 4) Being a boreal-alpine element, i t is a characteristic b r y o p h y t e species o f the alpine regions o f the Carpathians and the A l p s (BOROS 1968). I n H u n g ary i t occurs sporadically: o n d o l o m i t e o f the T r a n s d a n u b i a n M o u n t a i n Ranges ( O R B Á N a n d V A J D A 1 9 8 3 ) , o n p h y l l i t e ( c o n t a i n i n g l i m e ) i n the Kőszeg M t s ( P U R G E R et al
1997), a n d i n the B ü k k M t s i n radiolarite rock holes
(PÉNZESNÉ K Ó N Y A a n d O R B Á N 2000). F r o m the Vértes M t s i t o n l y has 4 re cords (Ökör-állás, Fáni-völgy, Pap-irtás, K ő k a p u ) (BOROS 1968), i n the pres ent paper these occurrences (except for Ö k ö r - á l l á s ) are c o n f i r m e d a n d ad d i t i o n a l ones are recorded (Macska-gödör, Somos-völgy, Ugró-völgy, G é m förtés-völgy, Kálvária-völgy, Juh-völgy, Boglári-oldal, Strázsa-hegy). Confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimens: Csákberény: Kőkapu-völgy (leg. Á. Boros, 17.04.1949); (16.04.2005, 47° 2 1 ' 49.8" N , 18° 18' 32.1" E, alt. ca 369 m, Meszes völgyi-lyuk név alatt); Pap-irtás É-i letörése (leg. Á. Boros, 26.04.1936); (16.04.2005, 47° 21' 07.1" N , 18° 18' 20.3" E, alt. ca 321 m); Gánt (Vérteskozma): Nagy-Somló-hegy (leg. Á. Boros, 27.06.1940,05.10.1959, 14.05.1961); (13.05.2005,47° 27' 12.5" N , 18° 26' 52.0" E, alt. ca 336 m , Boglári-oldal név alatt); (25.03.2005,47° 27' 13.8" N , 18° 26' 58.6" E, alt. ca 306 m, Boglári-oldal név alatt); Vértesboglár: Fáni-völgy (leg. Á. Boros, 22.04.1946); (08.10. 2005, 47° 27' 35.8" N , 18° 27' 39.6" E, alt. ca 286 m). N o t confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimen: Csákvár: Ökör-állás (leg. Á. Boros, 18.05.1962). New records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Gémförtés-völgy (22. 05.2005,47° 21' 12.9" N , 18° 18' 12.8" E, alt. ca 346 m); Somos-völgy (22.04.2005,47° 21' 40.5"N, 18° 18' 44.8" E, ait. ca 333 m); Strázsa-hegy (10.09.2005, 47° 21' 24.2" N , 18° 20'b 06.9" E, ait. ca 279 m); Ugró völgy (16.05.2005,47° 22' 12.8" N , 18° 18' 52.3" E, ait. ca 406 m); (16.05.2005, 47° 22' 05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m); (21.05.2005, 47° 22' 22.3" N , 18° 18' 51.4" E, ait. ca 371 m); Ugró völgy (Szentegyházi-hegy) (16. 05. 2005, 09.09.2006,47° 22' 05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m); Ugró-völgyi-lyuk (22. 04.2005, 47° 22' 09.9" N , 18° 18' 59.7" E, ait. ca 360 m); Csákvár: Hosszú-hegy-Kálvária-völgy (03.04.2005, 47° 24' 14.6" N , 18° 26' 16.4" E, alt. ca 285 m); Gánt (Kápolnapuszta): Juh-völgy (leg. Cs. Németh et Z. Barina, 23.04.2005, 47° 23' 40.8" N , 18° 20' 09.7" E, alt. ca 397 m); (21.05.2005, 47° 23' 26.6" N , 18° 20' 53.3" E, alt. ca 342 m); Macska-gödör, (25.03.2005,47° 27' 32.4" N , 18° 27' 21.6" E, alt. ca 280 m ) ; (29.10.2005,47° 2 / 30.4" N , 18° 27' 19.3" E, alt. ca313m).
Fig. 4 . Distribution o f Myurella julacea (Schwägr.) Schimp. i n the Vértes M t s (original).
Orthothecium
intricatum
( H a r t m . ) Schimp.
(Fig. 5) Boreal-alpine element (BOROS 1 9 6 8 ) , k n o w n at n a t i o n a l level as a rare
b r y r o p h y t e . I n the Vértes M t s , i t only h a d one r e c o r d (Fáni-völgy) (BOROS 1 9 6 8 ) u n t i l very recently. T h e systematic f i e l d w o r k showed i t , i n a d d i t i o n to Fáni-völgy, also f r o m Macska-gÖdör, Boglári-oldal b e l o w Nagy-Somló, several localities o f Ugró-völgy, Juh-völgy a n d also f r o m Holdvilág-árok. I t occurs at the base and i n hollows o f shaded rocks. Confirmed occurrences from herbarium specimens: Vértesboglár: Fáni-völgy (leg. Á. Degen, 08.05.1932, det. Á. Latzel); (0810.2005, 47° 27' 35.8" N , 18° 27' 39.6" E, alt. ca 286 m); Macska-gödör (leg. Á. Boros, 01.05.1932,22.04.1946); (25.03.2005,47° 27' 32.4" N , 18° 27' 21.6" E, alt. ca 280 m); (29-10.2005, 47° 27' 30.5" N , 18° 27' 19.9" E, alt. ca 308 m). New records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Csete-völgy (19.02.2006,47° 21' 56.1" N , 18° 17' 57.6" E, alt. ca 404 m); Kőkapu-völgy (19.02.2006,47° 21' 46.0" N , 18° 18' 24.1" E, alt. ca 378 m); Ugró-völgy (21.05. 2005,47° 22' 05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m); (10.09.2005,
47° 22' 13.3" N , 18° 18' 53.5" E, ait. ca 392 m ) ; (10.09.2005,47° 22' 14.5" N , 18° 18' 52.1" E, ait. ca 371 m); Ugró-völgyi-lyuk (22.04.2005,47° 22' 09.9" N , 18° 18' 59.7" E, ait. ca 360 m); Gánt (Kápolnapuszta): Juh-völgy (21.05.2005,47° 23' 40.8" N , 18° 20' 09.7" E, alt. ca 397 m); Gánt (Vérteskozma): Boglári-oldal (25.03.2005, 47° 27' 13.8" N , 18° 26' 58.6" E, alt. ca 306 m); Szár: Holdvilág-árok (30.04.2005,47° 28' 20.2" N , 18° 27' 42.6" E, ait. ca 308 m ) .
Fig. 5. Distribution of Orthotbecium intricatum (Hartm.) Schimp. in the Vértes Mts (original).
Pedinophyllum
interruptum
(Nées) Kaal.
(Fig. 6) A l p i n e , c i r c u m p o l a r species (BOROS 1968) w i t h its f o r m e r records f r o m the Vertes M t s , all f r o m Fáni-völgy at V é r t e s k o z m a , Vértesboglár, a n d t h e i r s u r r o u n d i n g s . Recently i t was also f o u n d i n Ugró-völgy as w e l l as Kőkapu-völgy o f Csákberény, Kálvária-völgy o f Csákvár, Juh-völgy o f G á n t , a n d Holdvilág-árok o f Szár. Confirmed occurrences from herbarium specimens: Gánt (Vérteskozma): NagySomló-hegy (leg. Á. Boros, 27.05.1940); (leg. L. Vajda, 05.10.1959); (13.05.2005, 47° 27' 13.8" N , 18° 26' 58.6" E, alt. ca 306 m, Boglári-oldal név alatt); Vértesboglár: Fáni-völgy
(leg. Á. Degen, 08.05.1932, det. Á. Latzel); (leg. Á. Boros, 22.04.1946); (leg. L. Vajda, 19.04. 1953); (08.10.2005, 47° 27' 35.8" N , 18° 27' 39.6" E, alt. ca 286 m ) ; (08.10.2005, 47° 27' 31.3" N , 18° 28' 06.1" E, alt. ca 279 m); Macska-gödör (leg. Á. Boros, 24.08.1947); (15.03. 2003, 47° 27' 32.4" N , 18° 27' 21.6" E, alt. ca 280 m ) . New records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Kőkapu-völgy (16.05.2005, 47° 2 1 ' 46.6" N , 18° 18' 27.4" E, alt. ca 337 m); Ugró-völgy (21. 05. 2005,47° 22'05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m); (10.09.2005,47° 22' 13.3" N , 18° 18'53.5" E, ait. ca 392 m); Csákvár: Hosszú-hegy és a Kálvária-völgy között (03.04.2005,47° 24' 15.7" N , 18° 26' 09.9" E, alt. ca 287 m); Gánt (Kápolnapuszta): Juh-völgy (21.05.2005,47° 23' 40.8" N , 18° 20' 09.7" E, alt. ca 397 m); Szár: Holdvilág-árok (30.04.2005, 47° 28' 20.2" N , 18° 27' 42.6" E, alt. ca 308 m).
Fig. 6 . Distribution oíPedinophyllum
Plagiobryum
interruptum (Nees) Kaal. in the Vértes Mts (original).
zierii
(Hedw.) Lindb.
(Fig. 7) Boreal-alpine element ( B O R O S 1968), w h i c h constitutes a significant result o f the field research r e p o r t e d here. T h e discovery o f n e w localities o f this species is remarkable because i t is considered rare even i n the limestone alpine regions o f the Carpathians (BOROS 1968). Its f o r m e r records i n H u n gary are f r o m B a k o n y M t s (Szúnyog-völgy), f r o m t w o d o l o m i t e locations o f
the Vértes M t s (Fáni-völgy, Kőkapu), f r o m andésite i n the Mátra M t s (Saskő) (BOROS 1968) and the B ü k k M t s (Szarvas-kő) ( O R B Á N a n d V A J D A 1983).
I n the Vértes M t s i t occurs i n Holdvilág-árok, Ugró-völgy, Antal-árok a n d o n t h e n o r t h e r n r o c k y walls o f C s o n k a - b ü k k i n s m a l l patches. I t is present i n Fáni-völgy a n d its side-valley, Macska-gödör, also at Boglárioldal b e l o w N a g y - S o m l ó , i n T á b o r - h e g y , i n Cseresnyés-völgy, a n d at one l o c a l i t y b e l o w Szentegyházi-hegy o f Ugró-völgy (here i n s o m e w h a t larger p o p u l a t i o n ) . T h e r e c o r d o f BOROS (1968) f r o m Kőkapu-völgy c o u l d n o t be c o n f i r m e d despite repeated search. I t occurs i n m i x e d karst forests, o n h u m u s w i t h d o l o m i t e fragments c u m u l a t e d between surface roots o f small beech trees. Confirmed occurrences from herbarium specimens: Gánt (Vérteskozma): NagySomló-hegy (leg. Á. Boros, 27.05.1940); (13.05.2005,47° 27' 13.8" N , 18° 26' 58.6" E, alt. ca 306 m, Boglári-oldal név alatt); Vértesboglár: Fáni-völgy (leg. Á. Boros, 20.04.1946); (13.05.2005,47° 27' 33.5" N , 18° 27' 24.5" E, alt. ca 276 m); (08.10.2005,47° 27' 35.8" N , 18° 27' 39.6" E, alt. ca 286 m). N o t confirmed occurrence from herbarium specimens: Csákberény: Kőkapu (leg. Á. Boros, 17.04.1949).
New records o f occurrence: Csákberény: Cseresnyés-völgy (14.10.2006,47° 22'56.9" N , 18° 19'31.3" E, alt. ca408 m ) ; Csonka-bükk (21.10.2006, 47° 23' 10.4" N , 18° 19' 17.9" E, ait. ca 384 m); Ugró-völgy (10.09.2005,47° 22' 13.3" N , 18° 18' 53.5" E, ait. ca 392 m); Ugró völgy (Szentegyházi-hegy) (16.05.2005,09.09.2006,47° 22'05.0" N , 18° 19' 12.9" E, ait. ca 365 m ) ; Gánt (Kápolnapuszta): Antal-árok (23.10.2006,47° 23' 58.5" N , 18° 20' 08.4" E, alt. ca 379 m); Gánt (Vérteskozma): Tábor-hegy (29.09.2006, 47° 26' 55.8" N , 18° 26' 33.3" E, alt. ca357 m); Szár: Holdvilág-árok (30.04.2005,47° 28'20.2"N, 18°27'42.6"E, ait. ca308m); Vértesboglár: Macska-gödör (29.10.2005,47° 27' 30.5" N , 18° 27' 19.9" E, ait. ca 308 m ) .
CONCLUSION Based o n our results i t is p r o v e d t h a t i n v e s t i g a t i n g the special habitats o f a small r e g i o n several n e w data on rarities can be o b t a i n e d . D a t a o n the recent d i s t r i b u t i o n o f rare b r y o p h y t e s are i m p o r t a n t nowadays w h e n the p r e p a r a t i o n o f a new r e d list o f bryophytes o f H u n g a r y are i n progress, a n d several n a t i o n a l a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l efforts d r a w a t t e n t i o n t o the b r y o p h y t e conservation. W i t h the help o f the d i s t r i b u t i o n maps o f the species the
hot
spots o f rare b r y o p h y t e s l i v i n g o n shaded, h u m i d l i m e s t o n e rocks can
be
o u t l i n e d i n the V é r t e s M t s .
Acknowledgements - I owe thanks to Beáta Papp for the confirmation of my identifi cations and her help i n accessing the collection database at BP, as well as the acquisition o f several literature to assist my work. I also thank Annamária Csóka for the English transla tion.
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(Received 1 February, 2007)